CN106167993B - 一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料的制备及在棉织物染色中的应用方法 - Google Patents
一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料的制备及在棉织物染色中的应用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料的制备及在棉织物染色中的应用方法，属于纺织印染技术领域。首先制备出分散酞菁铜颜料的适宜阳离子分散剂，然后利用该分散剂在超声条件下将颜料粉碎，使粒径减小而稳定性增加，并在分散剂的调节下通过单体聚合的方式对颜料颗粒进一步改性处理，可提高其稳定和应用性能。与常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料相比，本发明制备的阳离子酞菁铜颜料具有更好的稳定性，用于棉织物染色可以获得优良的染色效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料的制备及应用方法，属于纺织印染技术领域。
背景技术
除染料之外，有机颜料也可用于各类纺织品的染色和印花工艺，并具有工艺流程短、节能、废水排放少等优点，是纺织印染行业推行节能、降耗、减排的关键技术之一。酞菁铜颜料是较为常见的纺织用有机颜料，广泛用于棉织物的涂料染色或印花工艺中。酞菁铜颜料的疏水性强，很难均匀稳定分散于水相中，必须根据颜料的特性对其进行适当表面改性，然后通过强力粉碎作用使之形成稳定的初级颗粒分散体才能进一步使用。酞菁铜颜料的表面改性主要依靠具有合适结构的分散剂实现。通常，阴离子型分散剂可为颜料颗粒提供较高的电荷斥力，所制备的阴离子颜料分散体系具有较高的稳定性，并可获得纯正的色光和优良的着色性能。但是，阴离子分散剂改性后的颜料颗粒表面带负电，与棉纤维（在水中也带负电）之间存在较强的静电排斥力，抑制其通过扩散边界层被纤维表面吸附，颜料颗粒的吸附上染率往往较低。利用阳离子分散剂对酞菁铜颜料改性的研究虽然较少，但因其在纺织品染色、印花等方面具有广泛的应用前景，已成为一个新的研究热点。阳离子颜料颗粒表面带正电，易与棉纤维表面负电荷之间产生有效静电吸引作用，实现阳离子颜料在表面的定位吸附，有效提高颜料颗粒的上染量。总之，与阴离子颜料体系相比，阳离子型酞菁铜颜料体系与棉织物的结合力更强、颜色深度和鲜艳度更高，可以节约颜料用量、减少环境污染，还能提高着色后材料的功能。但是，常规方法制备的阳离子酞菁铜颜料分散体在水中的稳定性有所不足，在棉织物上的牢度也欠佳，须通过适宜的技术方法改善其表面特性才能进一步提高其应用性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料的制备及在棉织物染色中的应用方法，与常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料相比其具有更好的稳定性，用于棉织物染色可以获得优良的染色效果。
本发明包括以下工艺：
（1）配制含正十二硫醇的水溶液，正十二硫醇占水重15%，再加入占水重3%的氢氧化钠搅拌溶解，然后加入占水重40%的丙酮和2.5%的四丁基溴化铵，继续搅拌均匀后加入占水重7%的二硫化碳，反应30分钟后将混合物冷却至8℃，加入占水重12%的 2-溴丙酸和3%的氢氧化钠，反应后加入初始1.5倍量的去离子水，将反应物在室温下继续搅拌反应20小时后用5mol/L盐酸酸化使反应产物析出，经洗涤、干燥得到浅黄色反应产物；按照质量比为9:1配制一定量乙醇与去离子水混合物，加入占混合物重2.5%的上述干燥浅黄色反应产物，然后分别添加占混合物重量110%、15%、7%、1%的甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、偶氮二异丁腈，升温至72℃保温反应8小时，将产物沉淀析出后烘干得分散剂；
（2）配制含上述分散剂的水溶液，分散剂占水重10%，然后加入占水重30%的酞菁铜颜料，将混合物搅拌30分钟，再经20kHz超声粉碎90分钟；在上述混合液加入苯乙烯和正十六烷的混合物，苯乙烯占颜料重量的30%，正十六烷占颜料重量的1.5%，然后加入占苯乙烯重量8%的十六烷基三甲基氯化铵和2%的过硫酸钾，经20kHz超声粉碎5分钟后将上述混合物在氮气保护下升温至78℃，保温12小时后制备出稳定的阳离子酞菁铜颜料体系；
（3）配制pH为5-6的水溶液，放入待染色的棉织物，织物与水的质量比为1:10，加入占棉织物重1-5%的上述阳离子酞菁铜颜料，在充分搅拌的条件下将体系升温至50℃，保温处理60分钟，随后将织物取出，离心脱水至带液率100%，将织物在100℃条件下烘干，最后在130℃条件下焙烘3分钟，完成最终染色过程。
本发明中，通过工艺（1）可以获得制取阳离子酞菁铜颜料的适宜分散剂；通过工艺（2）利用该分散剂在超声条件下将颜料粉碎，使粒径减小而稳定性增加，然后在分散剂的调节下通过单体聚合的方式对颜料颗粒进一步改性处理，可提高其稳定和应用性能。通过工艺（3）将该阳离子酞菁铜颜料用于棉织物染色，最终经过烘干和焙烘过程使颜料在棉织物表面完全固着，完成最终染色过程。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
（1）配制含正十二硫醇的水溶液，正十二硫醇占水重15%，再加入占水重3%的氢氧化钠搅拌溶解，然后加入占水重40%的丙酮和2.5%的四丁基溴化铵，继续搅拌均匀后加入占水重7%的二硫化碳，反应30分钟后将混合物冷却至8℃，加入占水重12%的 2-溴丙酸和3%的氢氧化钠，反应后加入初始1.5倍量的去离子水，将反应物在室温下继续搅拌反应20小时后用5mol/L盐酸酸化使反应产物析出，经洗涤、干燥得到浅黄色反应产物；按照质量比为9:1配制一定量乙醇与去离子水混合物，加入占混合物重2.5%的上述干燥浅黄色反应产物，然后分别添加占混合物重量110%、15%、7%、1%的甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、偶氮二异丁腈，升温至72℃保温反应8小时，将产物沉淀析出后烘干得分散剂；
（2）配制含上述分散剂的水溶液，分散剂占水重10%，然后加入占水重30%的酞菁铜颜料，将混合物搅拌30分钟，再经20kHz超声粉碎90分钟；在上述混合液加入苯乙烯和正十六烷的混合物，苯乙烯占颜料重量的30%，正十六烷占颜料重量的1.5%，然后加入占苯乙烯重量8%的十六烷基三甲基氯化铵和2%的过硫酸钾，经20kHz超声粉碎5分钟后将上述混合物在氮气保护下升温至78℃，保温12小时后制备出稳定的阳离子酞菁铜颜料体系；
（3）配制pH为5.2的水溶液，放入待染色的棉织物，织物与水的质量比为1:10，加入占棉织物重1%的上述阳离子酞菁铜颜料，在充分搅拌的条件下将体系升温至50℃，保温处理60分钟，随后将织物取出，离心脱水至带液率100%，将织物在100℃条件下烘干，最后在130℃条件下焙烘3分钟，完成最终染色过程。
经测试表明，本实施例所制备阳离子酞菁铜颜料的稳定性比常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料高20%，在相同颜料用量条件下，摩擦牢度比常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料染色棉织物高2级。
实施例2
（1）配制含正十二硫醇的水溶液，正十二硫醇占水重15%，再加入占水重3%的氢氧化钠搅拌溶解，然后加入占水重40%的丙酮和2.5%的四丁基溴化铵，继续搅拌均匀后加入占水重7%的二硫化碳，反应30分钟后将混合物冷却至8℃，加入占水重12%的 2-溴丙酸和3%的氢氧化钠，反应后加入初始1.5倍量的去离子水，将反应物在室温下继续搅拌反应20小时后用5mol/L盐酸酸化使反应产物析出，经洗涤、干燥得到浅黄色反应产物；按照质量比为9:1配制一定量乙醇与去离子水混合物，加入占混合物重2.5%的上述干燥浅黄色反应产物，然后分别添加占混合物重量110%、15%、7%、1%的甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、偶氮二异丁腈，升温至72℃保温反应8小时，将产物沉淀析出后烘干得分散剂；
（2）配制含上述分散剂的水溶液，分散剂占水重10%，然后加入占水重30%的酞菁铜颜料，将混合物搅拌30分钟，再经20kHz超声粉碎90分钟；在上述混合液加入苯乙烯和正十六烷的混合物，苯乙烯占颜料重量的30%，正十六烷占颜料重量的1.5%，然后加入占苯乙烯重量8%的十六烷基三甲基氯化铵和2%的过硫酸钾，经20kHz超声粉碎5分钟后将上述混合物在氮气保护下升温至78℃，保温12小时后制备出稳定的阳离子酞菁铜颜料体系；
（3）配制pH为6的水溶液，放入待染色的棉织物，织物与水的质量比为1:10，加入占棉织物重5%的上述阳离子酞菁铜颜料，在充分搅拌的条件下将体系升温至50℃，保温处理60分钟，随后将织物取出，离心脱水至带液率100%，将织物在100℃条件下烘干，最后在130℃条件下焙烘3分钟，完成最终染色过程。
经测试表明，本实施例所制备阳离子超细酞菁铜颜料的稳定性比常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料高20%，在相同颜料用量条件下，摩擦牢度比常规阳离子酞菁铜颜料染色棉织物高1.5级。
Claims (1)
1.一种阳离子酞菁铜颜料在棉织物染色中的应用方法，其特征在于采用以下工艺：
（1）配制含正十二硫醇的水溶液，正十二硫醇占水重15%，再加入占水重3%的氢氧化钠搅拌溶解，然后加入占水重40%的丙酮和2.5%的四丁基溴化铵，继续搅拌均匀后加入占水重7%的二硫化碳，反应30 分钟后将混合物冷却至8℃，加入占水重12%的 2-溴丙酸和3%的氢氧化钠，反应后加入初始1.5 倍量的去离子水，将反应物在室温下继续搅拌反应20 小时后用5mol/L 盐酸酸化使反应产物析出，经洗涤、干燥得到浅黄色反应产物；按照质量比为9:1配制一定量乙醇与去离子水混合物，加入占混合物重2.5%的上述干燥浅黄色反应产物，然后分别添加占混合物重量110%、15%、7%、1%的甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、偶氮二异丁腈，升温至72℃保温反应8小时，将产物沉淀析出后烘干得分散剂；
（2）配制含上述分散剂的水溶液，分散剂占水重10%，然后加入占水重30%的酞菁铜颜料，将混合物搅拌30 分钟，再经20kHz 超声粉碎90分钟；在上述混合液加入苯乙烯和正十六烷，苯乙烯占颜料重量的30%，正十六烷占颜料重量的1.5%，然后加入占苯乙烯重量8%的十六烷基三甲基氯化铵和2%的过硫酸钾，经20kHz 超声粉碎5分钟后将上述混合物在氮气保护下升温至78℃，保温12 小时后制备出稳定的阳离子酞菁铜颜料体系；
（3）配制pH 为5-6 的水溶液，放入待染色的棉织物，织物与水的质量比为1:10，加入占棉织物重1-5%的上述阳离子酞菁铜颜料，在充分搅拌的条件下将体系升温至50℃，保温处理60分钟，随后将织物取出，离心脱水至带液率100%，将织物在100℃条件下烘干，最后在130℃条件下焙烘3分钟，完成最终染色过程。
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