CN106164539A - 扭矩传递组件和具有扭矩传递组件的驱动模块 - Google Patents

扭矩传递组件和具有扭矩传递组件的驱动模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106164539A
CN106164539A CN201580018345.2A CN201580018345A CN106164539A CN 106164539 A CN106164539 A CN 106164539A CN 201580018345 A CN201580018345 A CN 201580018345A CN 106164539 A CN106164539 A CN 106164539A
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China
Prior art keywords
fluid
driven shaft
torque transmitting
transmitting assembly
assembly
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Granted
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CN201580018345.2A
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CN106164539B (zh
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M·屈多克
K·罗伊特
T·弗努克
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/6677—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles from radial inside, e.g. via a passage through the shaft and/or inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/077—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between housing and outer race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
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    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/588—Races of sheet metal
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

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Abstract

公开了一种扭矩传递组件(1)，其尤其用于在混合动力车辆或电动车辆的驱动模块中的具有电机(2)的系统，并且用于将扭矩从从动轴(8)、尤其马达从动轴传递到驱动轴(14)、尤其传动装置输入轴上，其中，驱动轴(14)还具有至少一个流体引导通道(34)，在该流体引导通道中可将流体朝从动轴(8)的方向引导，其中，在从动轴(8)上设置有流体导引元件(22；24；56)，该流体导引元件将来自驱动轴(14)的流体引导通道(34)的流体引导到从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域中。

Description

扭矩传递组件和具有扭矩传递组件的驱动模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种扭矩传递组件，其尤其用于在混合动力车辆或电动车辆的驱动模块中的具有电机的系统，并且用于将扭矩从从动轴、尤其马达从动轴传递到驱动轴、尤其传动装置输入轴上，其中，驱动轴还具有至少一个流体引导通道，在该流体引导通道中可将流体朝从动轴的方向引导。
背景技术
上述类型的、尤其用于在驱动模块中的具有电机的系统的扭矩传递组件在现有技术中是已知的。例如在文献DE 10 2011 078 110中说明了一种驱动模块，其具有布置在湿室中的电机。在此，内燃机和电机通过湿式离合器装置根据期望的行驶策略彼此连接或分开。为此可使从动轴与离合器输入部和/或电机的转子与离合器输出部不可相对转动地连接。因此，在离合器接合时，扭矩从内燃机通过离合器输入部传递到离合器输出部上，并且从此处传递到传动装置输入轴上，而在电动马达运行期间，传动装置输入轴的驱动可通过电机的与离合器输出部不可相对转动地连接的转子实现。为了降低振动，从动轴和离合器输入部还通过扭转减振器彼此连接。此外，由现有技术已知的驱动模块具有转子轮毂，其同样固定地与电机的转子连接，并且通过带动齿部与传动装置输入轴连接。由此，转子轮毂可通过转子或在离合器接合时附加地通过内燃机驱动。在此，转子轮毂与从动轴同轴地布置并且相对于该从动轴沿径向沿轴向进行支承。
然而，在该现有技术中的缺点是，通过传动装置输入轴以已知的方式引入的冷却和润滑流体(尤其油)虽然足以冷却和润滑离合器，但沿径向布置在从动轴之外的其他元件(例如扭转减振器)不可得到充分冷却或润滑。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是，提供一种扭矩传递组件，其在没有附加的结构空间和成本花费的情况下提供优化的流体引导和尤其用于沿径向布置在从动轴之外的结构元件的润滑。
该目的通过根据权利要求1所述的扭矩传递组件实现。
根据本发明，提供了一种扭矩传递组件，其尤其用于在混合动力车辆或电动车辆的驱动模块中的具有电机的系统，以便将扭矩从从动轴、尤其马达从动轴传递到驱动轴、尤其传动装置输入轴上。在此，驱动轴还具有至少一个流体引导通道，在该流体引导通道中可将流体朝从动轴的方向引导。在此，流体优选地为冷却和/或润滑流体，尤其为油，利用其可冷却、润滑和/或操纵扭矩传递组件的部件。
在此，本发明基于的思想是，在从动轴上设置有流体导引元件，其将来自驱动轴的流体引导通道的流体引导到从动轴的径向外部的区域中。因为如在上文中已经说明的那样，利用传统的流体引导通道仅可为离合器组件和转子充分地供应流体，但不可为布置在从动轴的径向外部的区域中的其他元件或构件充分地供应流体，所以流体导引元件实现了还可将流体引导到从动轴的径向外部的区域中。
根据另一有利的实施例，从动轴构造为空心轴，并且从动轴的内腔设计成容纳和/或引导流体。基于该设计方案可确保将来自驱动轴的流体引导通道的流体朝流体导引元件的方向导引给从动轴。
在此，驱动轴还可由构造为空心轴的至少一个其他的轴、尤其转子轮毂包围。优选地，该其他的轴可延伸到构造为空心轴的从动轴中，从而有利地，从动轴的容纳流体的内腔构造为在从动轴和该其他的轴之间的环形腔。由此提供流体引导部，利用该流体引导部可将流体从驱动轴通过其他的轴引导到在该其他的轴和从动轴之间的空间中。为此尤其形成其他的轴的内腔与驱动轴的流体引导通道和从动轴的容纳流体的内腔的流体连接。
在此应尤其提到的是，还可在没有布置其他的轴(例如转子轮毂)的情况下使用流体导引元件。
根据另一有利的实施例，流体导引元件构造为通过从动轴的流体通行通道。在此，流体通行通道优选地如此构造，即，其使从动轴的容纳流体的内腔与从动轴的径向外部的区域流体连接。通过该流体通行通道可将流体直接从内腔朝从动轴的径向外部的区域的方向引导。
根据另一有利的实施例，在从动轴的从动侧的端部布置有基本上沿径向布置的支承组件，支承组件具有基本上沿径向延伸的第一支承环和基本上沿径向延伸的第二支承环。在此，第一支承环优选地不可相对转动地与从动轴连接，而第二支承环不可相对转动地与扭矩传递组件的没有随着从动轴转动的元件连接。支承组件有利地负责沿轴向支撑从动轴或沿轴向支撑扭矩传递组件的布置在从动轴旁边的元件。
在此，尤其优选的是，支承环中的一个构造为流体导引元件，即，流体可从从动轴的内腔穿过支承引导至在从动轴径向外部的区域。在此，支承环中的至少一个在其布置在径向外部的区域具有弯曲部，该弯曲部将流动通过支承的流体朝从动轴的径向外部的区域的方向导引。由此可使离开支承的流体不是仅仅未经导引地沿径向抛向外，而是可借助于弯曲部导引至特定的使用位置。
为了正确地布置用于优化的流体导引的支承，还在支承、尤其支承环中的一个上布置有扭转止动部。扭转止动部优选地构造在径向内部并且可利用相应的配合件支承在从动轴和/或扭矩传递组件的未随着从动轴转动的元件上。
通过防误装部保证以正确的定向安装支承，从而不可能出现流体导引元件、尤其弯曲部将经过支承的流体转向到并非所期望的方向上。
根据另一有利的实施例，在支承装置和从动轴之间布置有间隔盘。间隔盘尤其用于将支承更确切地说支承装置的驱动侧的支承环简单地固定在从动轴上。另一方面，借助于间隔盘可补偿结构空间差。
为了实现特别好地将流体引导到从动轴的径向外部的区域中，间隔盘可为此具有至少一个流体引导槽，其提供在从动轴的内腔和径向外部的区域之间的流体连接。在此，通过槽的深度可优选地调节待运输的流体的量。因为间隔盘大多是塑料元件，为此可特别简单地构造槽。由此可实现特别简单且成本有利的流体导引元件。
此外，流体引导槽可关于径向取向以角度α定位。由此可有利地确保，流体即使在间隔盘的可期待地转动时可可靠地朝从动轴的径向外部的区域的方向进行引导。
根据另一有利的实施例，间隔盘沿轴向至少部分地在驱动轴和/或部分地在支承装置上延伸。在此，轴向延伸部优选地构造为固定器件，尤其构造为搭扣元件，以用于将间隔盘固定在从动轴和/或支承装置上。轴向延伸部在此能够以简单的方式使间隔盘固定在从动轴或支承装置上。如果轴向延伸部构造在两个元件(即，从动轴和支承装置)上，则不仅从动轴而且支承装置可可松开地与间隔盘连接。显然，备选地，间隔盘还可固定地与从动轴和/或支承装置例如通过粘接连接。显然，同样可行的是，间隔盘在一侧固定地与相应的元件连接，而在另一侧上设置轴向延伸部作为固定器件。同样，显然可行的是，轴向延伸部还构造成没有固定元件。
根据另一有利的实施例，扭矩传递组件在从动轴的径向外部的区域中具有至少一个优选地湿式离合器装置和/或扭转减振器。恰好这些元件必须优选地被供应冷却剂或润滑剂，这可通过流体导引元件引入。尤其在扭转减振器布置在从动轴的径向外部的区域中时，在由现有技术已知的扭矩传递组件中，扭转减振器并未充分供应流体，因为流体仅输送给湿式离合器装置。然而，分布在内腔中并且形成流体雾的流体不足以为扭转减振器的弹簧充分地供应冷却流体或润滑流体。而如果扭矩传递组件配备有流体导引元件，则可将流体有针对性地引导给扭转减振器。
在此，尤其优选的是，扭转减振器的初级侧不可相对转动地与从动轴连接，并且扭转减振器的次级侧不可相对转动地与离合器装置的输入侧连接，并且通过流体导引元件引导到从动轴的径向外部的区域中的流体可引导到扭转减振器的次级侧。然后可将流体从此处直接引导给扭转减振器的弹簧。但显然同样可行的是，尤其在流体导引元件设计为通过从动轴的流体通行通道时，流体通行通道通入到扭转减振器的轮毂区域中。此时不需要穿透在扭转减振器的初级侧或次级侧处的盖板中的一个。
根据另一有利的实施例，在次级侧和离合器装置的输入侧之间构造有用于通过流体导引元件提供的流体的容纳腔。由此，通过流体导引元件提供的流体可并非不受控地例如朝湿式离合器装置的方向引出，而是有针对性地提供用于润滑或冷却扭转减振器。
为了将润滑流体/冷却流体有针对性地提供给扭转减振器的弹簧，优选地在扭转减振器的次级的引导板中构造有开口，流体可通过该开口引导到扭转减振器的构造在初级侧和次级侧之间的弹簧腔中。
根据另一有利的实施例，从动轴还同时构造为扭转减振器轮毂。
显然，同样可行的是，还在初级侧和/或直接在扭转减振器的轮毂区域中提供冷却/润滑流体。此时尤其有利的是，流体导引元件构造为流体通行通道。
另一方面涉及驱动模块，其具有电机和上文说明的扭矩传递组件，以便将扭矩从内燃机和/或电机导入到从动单元、尤其传动装置上。
在从属权利要求、附图和说明书中限定了其他的优点和有利的实施方式。
附图说明
下面借助在附图中示出的实施例详细说明本发明。在此，实施例仅仅是示例性的并且不应确定本申请的保护范围。本申请的保护范围仅通过所附的权利要求限定。其中：
图1示出了具有根据本发明的扭矩传递组件的驱动模块的示意性的剖面图示；
图2以不同的视图示出了流体导引元件的优选的第一实施例；
图3示出了流体导引元件的优选的第二实施例的示意性的剖视图；
图4示出了流体导引元件的优选的第三实施例的示意性的剖视图；
图5示出了流体导引元件的优选的第四实施例的示意性的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中，相同或功能相同的元件标有相同的附图标记。
图1示出了用于混合动力车辆或电动车辆的驱动模块的扭矩传递组件1的示意性的剖视图，该扭矩传递组件具有电机2和湿式离合器装置4。由图1还可得悉，在离合器装置4旁边布置有扭转减振器6，该扭转减振器应平衡内燃机(未示出)的振动。如果应将扭矩从内燃机导入到传动装置上，则扭矩通过与内燃机不可相对转动地连接的从动轴8经由扭转减振器6导入到离合器装置4的输入侧10，其中，在此处示出的实施例中，离合器装置的输入侧10构造为内板支架。在离合器装置4接合时，此时将扭矩传递到离合器输出侧12上，离合器输出侧在图1中构造为外板支架。离合器装置4的输出侧12又不可相对转动地与驱动轴14、尤其传动装置输入轴14连接。
为了将扭矩从电机2传递到传动装置输入轴14上，还设置有转子轮毂16，其承载外板支架12，并且通过该外板支架不可相对转动地与转子支架18连接。在此，图1还示出了转子轮毂16构造为空心轴，并且在一侧包围传动轴14，且在另一侧经由支承20支撑从动轴8。
在图1中示出的实施例中，从动轴8同时构造为用于扭转减振器6的轮毂轴。还可由图1得悉，从动轴8通过间隔盘22和支承24沿轴向支撑在转子轮毂16上。
扭转减振器6布置在从动轴8的径向外部的区域中，并且构造成具有初级侧的引导板26，初级侧的引导板不可相对从动轴8转动。初级侧26又经由扭转减振器弹簧28与扭转减振器6的次级侧的引导板30连接，该引导板又构造成不可相对离合器装置4的输入侧10转动。
为了操纵离合器装置4并且为了冷却离合器装置4与电机2、尤其转子32，为传动装置输入轴14输送冷却/润滑流体。为此在传动装置输入轴14中设置有流体引导通道34。此外，在传动装置输入轴14或转子轮毂16处设置有流体排出通道36，可通过流体排出通道将冷却/润滑流体引导给离合器装置4以用于操纵和冷却，并且还将冷却/润滑流体引导给转子32和定子38以用于冷却。虽然一般来说冷却/润滑流体由于离合器装置4或转子32的旋转运动而分布在扭矩传递组件1的壳体40中，然而流体雾不足以充分润滑扭转减振器弹簧28。
然而，弹簧28的充分润滑是必需的，以降低弹簧28的磨损，或降低扭转减振器在弹簧的接触面的区域中、尤其在引导板26、30和弹簧28的区域中的所有元件的磨损。磨损主要由此出现：弹簧28支撑在扭转减振器6的初级侧或次级侧的引导板26、30上。接触面缺乏润滑一方面尤其因为提高了接触面的摩擦而导致削弱了扭转减振器6的减振性能，并且另一方面导致可能出现的摩擦碎屑可进入到电机的空间中。由此又会损伤电机2，至少使电机经受更高的磨损。
为了实现充分润滑扭转减振器6，设置有流体导引元件，其将冷却/润滑流体直接引导给扭转减振器6。在图1中示出的实施例中，流体导引元件通过支承组件24或间隔盘22提供。为此，支承组件24具有第一支承环42和第二支承环44，其中，支承环44在其径向外部的区域中形成弯曲部46，该弯曲部将流动通过支承24的流体朝扭转减振器6的方向导引。下面还将参考图2至图5更详细地探讨流体导引元件的具体的设计方案以及通过间隔盘22的流体引导。
为了从传动装置输入轴14的通道34朝流体导引元件的方向(在此处示出的情况下朝支承24或间隔盘22的方向)引导冷却/润滑流体，还设置成转子轮毂16构造为空心轴，其同传动装置输入轴14一样在内燃机侧敞开地构造，从而冷却/润滑流体可被引导通过转子轮毂16的内腔48、在马达侧离开转子轮毂16并且可被导引到构造在转子轮毂16和从动轴8之间的环形腔50中。在环形腔50中，流体又朝传动装置侧的方向导引并且在该路径上润滑支承20，以便然后通过支承24或间隔盘22进入到构造在离合器装置4的输入侧10和扭转减振器6的次级侧30之间的空间52。流体又从容纳腔52通过构造在扭转减振器6的次级侧的引导板30中的开口54导引到扭转减振器6的内腔中，并且从此处朝弹簧元件28的方向导引。此外，流体导引元件还可构造为构造在从动轴8处的流体通行通道56，其将流体从环形腔50直接引导给扭转减振器6。
因此，流体导引元件可尤其构造为通过从动轴8的流体通道56、间隔盘22和/或支承组件24。在此，各种设计方案可单独地或组合地存在。显然，还可实现流体导引元件的其他的设计方案。
在下面说明的图2至图5中讨论了流体导引元件的不同的设计方案，其中，在该实施例中，流体导引通过间隔盘22和/或支承装置24实现。
图2以不同的细节图示示出了在图1中示出的实施例。在此，图2a示出了转子轮毂16的示意性的透视图，转子轮毂16具有布置在其上的间隔盘22和布置在间隔盘后面的支承24。在此，由图2a可很好地得悉，支承组件24的第二支承环44具有朝马达侧的方向构造的弯曲部46，其将流动通过支承组件24的流体朝扭转减振器6的方向导引。由图2a还可得悉，在间隔盘22中构造有流体通行槽口58，通过该流体通行槽口可将流体同样从环形腔50引导到中间腔52中。同样，流体又通过弯曲部56朝扭转减振器6的方向导引。在此，图2b以马达侧的俯视图示出了实施例。在此看出，流体槽58不是沿径向构造在间隔盘22中，而是关于径向的取向具有定位角α。定位角α在此如此选择，即，在从动轴转动时并且进而还在间隔盘22转动时特别好地保证通过流体通行槽口58的流体通行。
还可由图2a和图2b得悉，间隔盘22可借助于以咬合凸头的形式构造的固定元件60固定在从动轴上。
为此，如可由图2c至图2e得悉的那样，从动轴8还具有容纳槽62，咬合凸头60可扣到该容纳槽中。因此，间隔盘22可固定地、但可松开地与从动轴8连接。还可由图2c至图2e的剖视图得悉，支承组件24的支承环44具有朝扭转减振器6的方向倾斜的弯曲部46。由此将通过支承组件24朝中间腔52的方向引导的流体朝扭转减振器6的方向导引。此外，尤其可由图2d得悉，支承环44在其径向内部的区域具有防误装部64，其确保支承组件24正确定向地布置在扭矩传递组件1中。因为错位180°的装配导致流体不是朝扭转减振器6的方向转向，而是朝离合器装置的输入侧的方向转向并且转向到离合器装置4的内腔67中。
图2e还示出了，流体不仅可通过支承组件24引导到中间腔52中，而且可通过间隔盘22的槽58引导到中间腔52中。在这种情况下，弯曲部46也负责朝扭转减振器6的方向导引流体，并且不使流体朝离合器装置内腔67的方向转向。图2d和图2e还示出了在扭转减振器6的次级侧的引导板30中构造有开口54，通过开口可将存在于容纳腔52中的流体朝扭转减振器弹簧28的方向导引，以便为扭转减振器弹簧充分地供给润滑剂。
图3、图4和图5示出了间隔盘22或支承组件24的特别优选的其他实施例，其中，仅探讨不同之处。相比于在图2中示出的实施例，在图3中示出的实施例中，支承环44没有弯曲部46，而是仅具有沿径向向外延伸的延长部，其又阻隔在中间腔52和离合器装置4的内腔67之间的通行区域66，使得流体仅可以极其受限的量进入到离合器装置4的内腔67中。但显然同样可行的是，如尤其图4示出的那样，完全取消支承环44的这样的延长部。在此，此时尤其有利的是，流体大部分通过间隔盘来引导，并且更少地通过支承装置24来引导。这例如可通过相应确定尺寸的槽58实现。
图5示出了另一优选的实施例，在其中间隔盘22不仅具有用于固定在从动轴8上的咬合凸头60，而且同时朝传动装置的方向沿轴向在支承组件24上延伸。在轴向延伸部68的端部又设置有咬合凸头70，其与支承组件24的外环44共同作用。这具有的优点是，一方面还可使支承组件24在装配期间已经固定在从动轴8上，并且另一方面可通过轴向延伸部68使在中间腔52和离合器组件4的内腔之间的流体通行部66变小。在该实施例中，流体主要通过构造在间隔盘22中的槽58运输到中间腔52中。而通过支承组件24的流体通行仅可受限地实现。
本发明公开了用于将扭矩从从动轴8传递到驱动轴14上的扭矩传递组件1，其中，驱动轴14具有流体引导通道34，在其中可将流体朝从动轴8的方向引导，并且其中，在从动轴8上设置有流体导引元件22；24；56，其将来自驱动轴14的流体引导通道34的流体引导到从动轴8的径向外部的区域中，并且其中，扭矩传递组件1在从动轴8的所提到的径向外部的区域中具有扭转减振器6，并且其中，进一步地可将来自驱动轴14的流体引导通道34的、通过流体导引元件22；24；56引导到从动轴8的径向外部的区域中的流体引导到具有减振弹簧28的扭转减振器6的内腔、尤其弹簧腔中。
因此，换言之，扭转减振器6和流体导引元件22；24；56基本上布置在从动轴8的相同的轴向区域中，从而冷却/润滑流体可直接、即以尽可能短的路径引导至其目的地。为此，间隔盘22和/或支承24可如此构造，即，流体可直接引导到离合器组件4的外部区域中并且因此直接引导给扭转减振器6。备选地或附加地，从动轴也可配备有流体导引通道。总地来说，可由此提供通过扭矩传递组件的改善的流体引导，而没有过分地提高结构空间或成本。
附图标记列表
1 扭矩传递组件
2 电机
4 离合器装置
6 扭转减振器
8 从动轴
10 离合器的输入侧
12 离合器的输出侧
14 传动装置输入轴
16 转子轮毂
18 转子支架
20 支承
22 间隔盘
24 支承组件
26 扭转减振器输入侧
28 扭转减振器弹簧
30 扭转减振器次级侧
32 转子
34 流体导引通道
36 开口
38 定子
40 壳体
42 第一支承环
44 第二支承环
46 弯曲部
48 转子轮毂的内腔
50 环形腔
52 中间腔
54 开口
56 流体通行通道
58 流体通行槽口
60 固定器件咬合凸头
62 咬合槽口
64 防误装部
66 连接开口
67 离合器装置的内腔
68 轴向延伸部
70 咬合凸头

Claims (16)

1.一种扭矩传递组件(1)，该扭矩传递组件尤其用于在混合动力车辆或电动车辆的驱动模块中的具有电机的系统，并且将扭矩从从动轴(8)、尤其马达从动轴传递到驱动轴(14)、尤其传动装置输入轴上，其中，所述驱动轴(14)还具有至少一个流体引导通道(34)，在所述流体引导通道中能朝从动轴(8)的方向引导流体，其特征在于，在所述从动轴(8)上设置有流体导引元件(22；24；56)，该流体导引元件将来自所述驱动轴(14)的流体引导通道(34)的流体引导到所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述从动轴(8)为空心轴，并且所述从动轴(8)的内腔(50)设计成容纳和/或引导所述流体。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述驱动轴(14)还被构造为空心轴的至少一个其他的轴(16)、尤其转子轮毂包围，其中，优选地，所述其他的轴(16)延伸到构造为空心轴的所述从动轴(8)中，从而所述从动轴(8)的容纳流体的内腔(50)构造为在从动轴(8)和所述其他的轴(16)之间的环形腔，其中，尤其所述其他的轴(16)的内腔(48)与所述驱动轴(14)的流体引导通道(34)和所述从动轴(8)的容纳流体的内腔(50)处于流体连接中。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述流体导引元件(22；24；56)为穿过所述从动轴(8)的流体通行通道(56)，其中，所述流体通行通道(56)使所述从动轴(8)的容纳流体的内腔(50)与所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域流体连接。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，在所述从动轴(8)的从动侧的端部布置有基本上沿径向布置的支承组件(24)，该支承组件具有基本上沿径向延伸的第一支承环(42)和基本上沿径向延伸的第二支承环(44)，其中，所述第一支承环(42)不可相对转动地与所述从动轴(8)连接，并且所述第二支承环(44)能不可相对转动地与所述扭矩传递组件(1)的不随着所述从动轴(8)转动的元件连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，支承环(42；44)中的至少一个构造为流体导引元件，其中，构造为流体导引元件的支承环(42；44)沿径向向外延伸超过所述支承组件，其中，所述支承环(44)优选地在其布置在径向外部的区域中具有弯曲部(46)，该弯曲部朝所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域的方向导引流动通过所述支承组件(24)的流体。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，在所述支承组件(24)上、尤其在支承环(42；44)中的至少一个上构造有优选地布置在径向内部的防误装部(64)。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，在支承组件(24)和从动轴(8)之间布置有间隔盘(22)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述间隔盘(22)具有至少一个流体引导槽(58)，该流体引导槽布置成提供在所述从动轴(8)的容纳流体的内腔(50)和所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域之间的流体连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述引导槽(58)关于径向取向以角度α定位。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述间隔盘(22)沿轴向至少部分地在从动轴(8)上延伸，和/或所述间隔盘(22)沿轴向至少部分地在所述支承组件(24)上延伸，其中，轴向的延伸部优选地为固定器件(60；70)，尤其为搭扣元件，以用于将所述间隔盘(22)固定在所述从动轴(8)和/或所述支承组件(24)上。
12.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述扭矩传递组件(1)在所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域中具有至少一个优选为湿式的离合器装置(4)和/或扭转减振器(6)，其中，所述扭转减振器(6)的初级侧(26)优选地不可相对转动地与所述从动轴(8)连接，并且所述扭转减振器(6)的次级侧(30)不可相对转动地与所述离合器装置(4)的输入侧(10)连接。
13.根据权利要求12所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，来自所述驱动轴(14)的流体引导通道(34)的、通过所述流体导引元件(22；24；56)引导到所述从动轴(8)的径向外部的区域中的流体能引导到所述扭转减振器(6)的次级侧和/或内腔中。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，在次级侧(30)和所述离合器装置(4)的输入侧(10)之间构造有用于通过所述流体导引元件(22；24；56)提供的流体的容纳腔(52)。
15.根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，其特征在于，所述流体能通过构造在所述扭转减振器(6)的次级侧(30)、尤其次级的引导板中的开口(54)引导到所述扭转减振器(6)的构造在初级侧(26)和次级侧(30)之间的弹簧腔中。
16.一种驱动模块，其具有电机(2)和根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的扭矩传递组件(1)，该扭矩传递组件设计成将扭矩从内燃机和/或所述电机(2)导引给从动单元、尤其传动装置。
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