CN106135291B - A kind of composition prevented and treated soil-borne disease, improve crop cold resistance - Google Patents

A kind of composition prevented and treated soil-borne disease, improve crop cold resistance Download PDF

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CN106135291B
CN106135291B CN201610554095.0A CN201610554095A CN106135291B CN 106135291 B CN106135291 B CN 106135291B CN 201610554095 A CN201610554095 A CN 201610554095A CN 106135291 B CN106135291 B CN 106135291B
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解晓燕
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Hainan Jin Yufeng biotechnology company limited
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses the cold-proof mixtures of a kind of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease and plant.The composition is bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition.The composition mixed with wetting agent, thickener, dispersing agent, carrier can be used as soil-borne disease effectively prevent medicament.The composition can effectively kill the disinfect pathogen in soil, and improve the winter resistance of crop, for preventing and treating in the crops such as vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, nursery, orchard, tea place, vineyard, forest, Chinese herbal medicine.

Description

A kind of composition prevented and treated soil-borne disease, improve crop cold resistance
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and treatment crop disease, crop cold resistance composition is improved, in particular to a kind of prevention and treatment soil passes Disease, the composition for improving crop cold resistance.
Background technique
Nearly ten years, with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, Protectorate cultivation has in China to develop by leaps and bounds, the whole nation Protect ground area more than 2,000,000 hectares.And Protectorate cultivation is increased farmers' income in China as one, by traditional agriculture The Important Agricultural measure changed to modern agriculture, will continue to develop, the crop of cultivation also will be by current vegetable in future Dish, strawberry are developed to the directions such as flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicine.The development of protecting field is also the hair of soil-borne disease Exhibition provides suitable environment, and after usually planting 3~5 years, the yield and quality of crop is by serious influence, the general underproduction 20~40%, 60% or more Severe Reduction even has no harvest.Continue development and the cultivation year after year of high added value crop with protecting field The problem of training, soil-borne disease, will be more and more prominent, and will become serious an important factor for restricting protecting field development.Since nothing has The control method of effect, in Shandong etc., ground peasant is largely using the medicament (such as Aldicarb, carbofuran, thimet) of country's disabling Soil-borne disease etc. is prevented and treated, the life and health of people is seriously endangered.Since protecting field investment is big, some processing times are long, needs compared with The method of long crop rotation time is difficult to carry out in the greenhouse, it is also difficult to be received by peasant.And microorganism formulation technology is increasingly becoming One of the one preferred technique of current protecting field agriculture plant protection.
B. subtilis cell is rod-shaped, 0.6 μm~1.0 μm of diameter, 1.5 μm~2.0 μm long, raw in gemma, oval, Sporangiocyst does not expand, and Gram-reaction is positive.The bacterium colony that 37 DEG C of culture 36h are formed on manganese nutrition agar plate is circle, diameter 3.0mm~10.0mm, faint yellow, intermediate color depth, surfacing is rough, matt, and edge is irregular.The work of controlling disease With mechanism: 1, Ant agonism: energy metabolism secreting bacteria element is (subtilin, mostly viscous during the growth process for bacillus subtilis Rhzomorph, nystatin etc.), lipopeptid class composition, organic acid substance etc..These metabolins can effectively inhibit the life of opportunistic pathogen Long or dissolution pathogen, so that killing germ, highly resistance continuous cropping.The enzyme that it is secreted has chitin to cause enzyme antibacterial protein to a variety of plants Object original germ has strong inhibiting effect;And pass through the contention in space and nutritional ingredient, reach the Reverse transcriptase to pathogenic bacteria Effect.2, sterilize bacteriolysis: bacillus subtilis can be on the mycelia of pathogen with growth, and decomposition and consumption pathogen causes Germ mycelia is broken, and prevention and treatment pathogenic bacteria further infect plant.It can be also used for prevention and treatment wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, red The plant diseases such as mildew, banded sclerotial blight, carbon myiasis, cucumber downy mildew, bacterial wilt of tomato, gray mold.
Trichoderma harzianum is mainly used for preventing and treating the root disease and soil-borne disease of the plants such as vegetables, Chinese medicine, fruit, flowers, For preventing and treating damping-off, samping off, root rot, sclerotiniose, wilt disease, southern blight etc., while caused by can solve because of continuous cropping Continuous cropping problem.The mechanism of action of controlling disease: 1. Competitions: trichoderma harzianum can adsorb rapidly after entering soil 24 hours Bred to crop root, reproduction speed quickly, be several times of the pathogens such as sickle-like bacteria or more, be applied to crop root meeting Quickly breeding, mycelia wind up crop root form protective layer in root rapidly, crop root is protected from disease Former intrusion, and neighbouring pathogen parasitism is killed.2. hyperparasitism: trichoderma harzianum can post pathogen It is raw, nutrition is drawn from pathogen mycelia, and kill pathogen.3. antibiotic acts on: trichoderma harzianum can secrete antibiotic And enzyme, inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria.4. plant growth regulation: trichoderma harzianum is symbiosis with plant, it can be root System, which provides, grows required nutrition and good growing environment, and then promotes plant growth, improves crop yield, induces Genes For Plant Tolerance Characteristic of disease starts 5. defense reactions of plant: trichoderma harzianum, which can induce, generates a series of defence instead in host plant body It answers, excites the defense system of plant, improve disease resistance.
Amino-oligosaccharide, chemical name: oligomeric-D Glucosamine, one kind that medicine microorganism belonging to genus metabolism is extracted have The fungicide of resistant effect, by induction plant generate disease resistance, inhibit the gene expression of germ, to a variety of fungies, bacterium and Virus generates immune and killing effect.Amino-oligosaccharide can also stimulating growth, make robust plant, well developed root system reaches volume increase, Improve the effect of quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the composition of a kind of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease, raising crop cold resistance, the combinations Object is bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide.
The preparation of the composition of the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease, raising crop cold resistance, which is characterized in that including weighing as follows The substance of amount number: 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.1-1.5 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 1-3 parts of wetting agent, 1-3 parts of thickener, 1-3 parts of dispersing agent, 80-90 parts of carrier.
The emulsifier is selected from lauryl sodium sulfate, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, neopelex One of or more than one.
The thickener is selected from xanthan gum, aluminum magnesium silicate, Arabic gum, CMC, PVA, acrylic acid, polyvinyl arsenic and coughs up alkane The one or more of ketone.
The carrier be one of diatomite, bentonite or more than one.
The dispersing agent be selected from sodium lignin sulfonate, one of sulphosuccinates, three phenethyl phenol polyethers or More than one.
The composition is bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, amino-oligosaccharide.
The composition is in the application for preventing and treating soil-borne disease, improving plant cold resistance.
The soil-borne disease disease pathogen is Phytophthora infestans bacterium, rotten mould, big hero phytophthora, beak basidiomycetes, and colletotrichum is thick Spore Verticillium dahliae, Fusariumsp, rhizoctonia and Verticillium dahliae.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compositions of the invention can effectively kill soil In disinfect pathogen, be able to suppress the germination and growth of weeds, for prevent and treat vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, nursery, orchard, Soil disinfection before the kind of the crop fields such as tea place, vineyard, forest, Chinese herbal medicine, effective anti-soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, main grass family And there is collaboration to increase for broad leaved weeds etc., composition bacillus subtilis of the invention, Trichoderma harzianum, amino-oligosaccharide compounding The effect of effect.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, it is to be understood that protection model of the invention It encloses and is not limited by the specific implementation.
Embodiment 1
Reagent agent
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition
For trying soil sample
Soil sample is adopted in Beijing protecting field, and long-term nematode and disease occur seriously, after taking topsoil to cross 2mm sieve, to mix It is spare.Through analyzing, soil moisture content 18.76%, pH6.48, soil organic matter content 4.5%, NH4+- N 18.1mg/kg, NO3-- N 118.8mg/kg, available phosphorus 552.8mg/kg, effective potassium 666.1mg/kg belong to sandy loam.
Evaluation index and method
Phytophthora infestans bacterium is separated using Komada method;
Big hero phytophthora, is separated using Masago method;
Thick spore Verticillium dahliae is separated using Komada method;
Fusariumsp is separated using Komada method;
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are dissolved with water, design 5 diluted concentrations 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%;
Each processing is as follows:
(1) pouring root, every 500mL are carried out to crop with dissolved medical fluid.Soil-borne disease fungal pathogens are separated after application 5 days, And calculate control efficiency.And space management is set, 3 repetitions of each processing.
(2) pouring root, every 500mL are carried out to crop with dissolved medical fluid.By the crop after application as temperature be 0 DEG C, 2 DEG C, 4 DEG C, 6 DEG C, in 8 DEG C of environment, calculate winter resistance after 5 days.And space management is set, 3 repetitions of each processing.
Calculation method
The anti-effectiveness following formula of pathogen calculates:
Winter resistance is calculated with following formula:
To the effect of Phytophthora infestans bacterium:
1 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are to the effect of Phytophthora infestans bacterium
As it can be seen from table 1 bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts to Phytophthora infestans bacterium Show inhibition killing effect.Under conditions of concentration 1%, activity is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, killing effect is not Enhance again.
To the effect of big male phytophthora:
2 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are to the effect of big male phytophthora
From table 2 it can be seen that 5 kinds of different amounts of bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are equal to big male phytophthora Show very strong inhibition killing effect.Under conditions of concentration is 1%, activity is most strong, with the increase of concentration, kills Effect no longer enhances.
To the effect of thick spore Verticillium dahliae:
3 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are to the effect of thick spore Verticillium dahliae
From table 3 it can be seen that bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts to thick spore Verticillium dahliae Show very strong inhibition killing effect.Under conditions of concentration is 1%, activity is most strong, with the increase of concentration, kills Effect of going out no longer enhances.
To the effect of Fusariumsp:
4 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are to the effect of Fusariumsp
From table 4, it can be seen that bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts to the equal table of Fusariumsp Very strong inhibition killing effect is revealed.Under conditions of concentration is 0.8%, activity is most strong, with the increase of concentration, kills Effect no longer enhances.
Winter resistance under the conditions of 0 DEG C
Cold-resistant effect under the conditions of 50 DEG C of table
As can be seen from Table 5, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts crop is showed Cold-resistant effect is gone out.Under conditions of concentration is 0.8%, crop cold resistance is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, drought resisting effect is not Enhance again.
Winter resistance under the conditions of 2 DEG C:
Cold-resistant effect under the conditions of 62 DEG C of table
As can be seen from Table 6, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts crop is showed Cold-resistant effect is gone out.Under conditions of concentration is 0.8%, crop cold resistance is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, drought resisting effect is not Enhance again.
Winter resistance under the conditions of 4 DEG C:
Cold-resistant effect under the conditions of 74 DEG C of table
As can be seen from Table 7, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts crop is showed Cold-resistant effect is gone out.Under conditions of concentration is 0.6%, crop cold resistance is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, drought resisting effect is not Enhance again.
Winter resistance under the conditions of 6 DEG C:
Cold-resistant effect under the conditions of 86 DEG C of table
As can be seen from Table 8, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts crop is showed Cold-resistant effect is gone out.Under conditions of concentration is 0.8%, crop cold resistance is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, drought resisting effect is not Enhance again.
Winter resistance under the conditions of 8 DEG C:
Cold-resistant effect under the conditions of 96 DEG C of table
As can be seen from Table 9, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition 5 kinds of different amounts crop is showed Cold-resistant effect is gone out.Under conditions of concentration is 0.8%, crop cold resistance is most strong, and with the increase of concentration, drought resisting effect is not Enhance again.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition compound the preventive effect to Phytophthora infestans bacterium with Trichoderma harzianum:
According to Colby method (1966) formula calculate preventive effect and with the field efficacy of actual measurement, simply and effectively evaluate mixture Synergy effect.Calculation formula are as follows:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture;N is the quantity of mixed medicament;X1 indicates the preventive effect after the 1st kind of medicament of application;X2 table Preventive effect after showing the 2nd kind of medicament of application;Xn indicates the preventive effect after application n medicament.Prevent when the practical preventive effect of mixture is greater than theory When effect, synergy is indicated;When the practical preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, antagonism is indicated.
10 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride the promotor composition effect to Phytophthora infestans bacterium mixed with Trichoderma harzianum
As can be seen from Table 10, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are mixed with Trichoderma harzianum to Phytophthora infestans Bacterium shows very strong synergistic function.Bacillus subtilis, four kinds of amino-oligosacchride promotor composition and Trichoderma harzianum Different amounts are mixed to reach 99% or more to Phytophthora infestans bacterium preventive effect, and synergism is obvious.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition compound the preventive effect to big male phytophthora with Trichoderma harzianum:
According to Colby method (1966) formula calculate preventive effect and with the field efficacy of actual measurement, simply and effectively evaluate mixture Synergy effect.Calculation formula are as follows:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture;N is the quantity of mixed medicament;X1 indicates the preventive effect after the 1st kind of medicament of application;X2 table Preventive effect after showing the 2nd kind of medicament of application;Xn indicates the preventive effect after application n medicament.Prevent when the practical preventive effect of mixture is greater than theory When effect, synergy is indicated;When the practical preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, antagonism is indicated.
The mixed preventive effect to big male phytophthora of 11 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition+Trichoderma harzianum
As can be seen from Table 11, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are mixed with Trichoderma harzianum to big male phytophthora Show very strong synergistic function.Bacillus subtilis, four kinds of amino-oligosacchride promotor composition and Trichoderma harzianum not It is used with dosage and 92% or more is reached to big male phytophthora preventive effect, synergism is obvious.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition compound the preventive effect to sanitary sewage with Trichoderma harzianum:
According to Colby method (1966) formula calculate preventive effect and with the field efficacy of actual measurement, simply and effectively evaluate mixture Synergy effect.Calculation formula are as follows:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture;N is the quantity of mixed medicament;X1 indicates the preventive effect after the 1st kind of medicament of application;X2 table Preventive effect after showing the 2nd kind of medicament of application;Xn indicates the preventive effect after application n medicament.Prevent when the practical preventive effect of mixture is greater than theory When effect, synergy is indicated;When the practical preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, antagonism is indicated.
The sanitary sewage is derived from the sanitary sewage of sewer, containing more organic pollutant and biological pathogen, Fungi etc..By above-mentioned sewage irrigation for trying soil sample, irrigation degree, which is subject to, floods topsoil.
The mixed preventive effect to sanitary sewage of 12 bacillus subtilis of table, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition+Trichoderma harzianum
As can be seen from Table 12, bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are mixed with Trichoderma harzianum to sanitary sewage Show very strong synergistic function.Bacillus subtilis, four kinds of amino-oligosacchride promotor composition and Trichoderma harzianum not It is used with dosage and 92% or more is reached to sanitary sewage preventive effect, hence it is evident that influence of the sewage to plant strain growth of making the life better is used with and increased Effect is obvious.
Embodiment 2
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 2 parts of bacillus, 1 part of amino-oligosaccharide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 90 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured to the seedling of cucumber with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Seedling, every 500ML solution.
Embodiment 3
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 3 parts of bacillus, 1 part of amino-oligosaccharide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 89 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured to the seedling of long bean with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Seedling, every 500ML solution.
Embodiment 4
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 4 parts of bacillus, 1.2 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 87.8 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured to the seedling of cotton with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Seedling, every 500ML solution.
Embodiment 5
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 5 parts of bacillus, 1.2 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 86.8 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured to the seedling of watermelon with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Seedling, every 500ML solution.
Embodiment 6
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 5 parts of bacillus, 1.5 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 3 parts of wetting agent, 2 parts of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 86.5 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured to the seedling of eggplant with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Seedling, every 500ML solution.
Embodiment 7
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosaccharide composite preparation, are made of: withered grass the component materials of following parts by weight 5 parts of bacillus, 1.5 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 2 parts of wetting agent, 1 part of thickener, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 88.5 parts of carrier.
Bacillus subtilis, amino-oligosacchride promotor composition are poured into tulip with the solution that water is dissolved as concentration 0.4% Rice shoot, every 500ML solution.
Disclosed above is only specific embodiments of the present invention, and still, the present invention is not limited to this, any this field Technical staff can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease and the composition for improving crop cold resistance, which is characterized in that the composition is withered grass bud Spore bacillus, amino-oligosaccharide, Trichoderma harzianum.
2. containing described in claim 1 prevention and treatment soil-borne disease and improve crop cold resistance composition preparation, which is characterized in that packet Include the substance of following parts by weight: 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.1-1.5 parts of amino-oligosaccharide, 1-3 parts of wetting agent, thickener 1-3 parts, 1-3 parts of dispersing agent, 80-90 parts of carrier.
3. the preparation of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease according to claim 2 and the composition for improving plant cold resistance, feature exist In, the thickener be selected from xanthan gum, aluminum magnesium silicate, Arabic gum, CMC, PVA, acrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone one Kind or more than one.
4. the preparation of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease according to claim 2 and the composition for improving plant cold resistance, feature exist In, the carrier be one of diatomite, bentonite or more than one.
5. the preparation of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease according to claim 2 and the composition for improving plant cold resistance, feature exist Be selected from sodium lignin sulfonate in, the dispersing agent, one of sulphosuccinates, three phenethyl phenol polyethers or it is a kind of with On.
6. composition described in claim 1 is in prevention and treatment soil-borne disease and improves the application of plant cold resistance.
7. composition in prevention and treatment soil-borne disease and improves the application of plant cold resistance according to claim 6, which is characterized in that The soil-borne disease disease pathogen is Phytophthora infestans bacterium, rotten mould, big hero phytophthora, beak basidiomycetes, colletotrichum, thick spore Verticillium dahliae, Fusariumsp, rhizoctonia.
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