CN106069689A - A kind of soilless culture of flowers device and method of work thereof - Google Patents
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device and method of work thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069689A CN106069689A CN201610520705.5A CN201610520705A CN106069689A CN 106069689 A CN106069689 A CN 106069689A CN 201610520705 A CN201610520705 A CN 201610520705A CN 106069689 A CN106069689 A CN 106069689A
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- culture fluid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soilless culture of flowers device and method of work thereof, by ground level soil, cultivation apparatus without soil, culture fluid pump pressurizing unit, culture fluid holding vessel, culture fluid return duct, control system forms；Described cultivation apparatus without soil is embedded in ground level soil groove, cultivation apparatus without soil upper surface and ground level are in same level, described culture fluid holding vessel is positioned at ground level soil upper surface, described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit is mutually communicated with culture fluid holding vessel, described culture fluid return duct one end is connected to bottom culture fluid holding vessel, the culture fluid return duct other end is connected to bottom cultivation apparatus without soil, and described control system is positioned at culture fluid holding vessel upper face；Effusion meter, electrically-controlled valve on described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit and culture fluid return duct are connected with control system polygon control survey respectively.A kind of soilless culture of flowers device of the present invention and method of work novel and reasonable structure thereof, flowers survival rate is high, and the scope of application is wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flower cultivation or flowers device attractive in appearance field, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture of flowers device.
Background technology
Along with China joined WTO, soil grows flowers grass almost without international market；Along with the raising of domestic consumption level, people
The consumption of flowers has also been turned to gently, just, beautiful without soil flowers.Therefore, there is great development prospect without soil flowers.
Being the century of new and high technology keen competition when century, modern science and technology are just being widely used in each of social production
Aspect, and play the most important effect.Cultivation technique without soil is a kind of high-tech agricultural technology, and it technically may be used
Supporting with highly dense, management can reach scientific optimization, on producing can intensive, batch production, automatization, be existing
The agricultural production new system that generationization degree is the highest.Flower industry is a kind of intensive industry integrating fund, technology and knowledge,
" entering the WTO " is that the Development of Floriculture Industry of China brings unprecedented opportunities, but also brings challenge, in the face of current domestic flowers
The present situation that industry produces, flower industry must combine with modern Agricultural High-tech, it is necessary to walks Industrialization, could be at world flower
Grass is established oneself in an unassailable position on market.Cultivation technique without soil introducing flower industry and has complied with this trend just, both combinations are not
Only can be greatly improved economic benefit, and the mode of production that flower industry is traditional can be changed, in production technology, produce content and
Produce qualitative leap in raw wide effect, and be achieved in the transformation to modern agriculture of the mountain traditional agriculture.
Soilless culture have high yield, high-quality, pollution-free, without the lot of advantages such as soil disease, using water wisely, it be agricultural
One of technological revolution of technograph, is the higher level mode of agriculture surmounting industrialized agriculture.Soilless culture makes to plant
Thing is growth promoter under the optimal condition of manual control, adds the environmental Kuznets Curves of facility cultivation, substantially can break away from white right environment
Restriction and realize without seasonal whole year production, so referred to as third generation agricultural, and by substantial amounts of popularization in production practices
Application.
As a kind of high technological aqriculture technology, soilless culture has high-definition feature compared with other agricultural technology,
And the production of flower industry also has the individual character of uniqueness.Soilless cultivation technique of the flowers had both combined both advantages, had again oneself
Characteristic.Soilless cultivation technique of the flowers includes preparing cultivation matrix, prepares nutritional solution, produces basin alms bowl and formulates planting procedure etc., it
Have a characteristic that
1. technology is prone to commercialization, suitable factorial praluction
A lot of for the substrate of soilless culture of flowers, such as sand, gravel, perlite, haydite, peat etc..These materials some can
To gather materials on the spot in locality, some can be with factorial praluction, so the easiest commercialization.According to the physicochemical property of substrate, formulate mark
Accurate matrix formulations, then carries out factorial praluction by formula, can produce the serial substrate required for various flowers.Such as
Frog stone is water and zeopan, mica group inorganic matter formed when being heated to 800 DEG C～1000 DEG C.Perlite is by silicon
The mineral that matter volcanic rock is formed, has precious bead-type spherical crackle and gains the name.Haydite is to fire to form at about 800 DEG C, granule
Size is than more uniform shale matter, pink or redness of the skin or complexion, and its internal structure pine, hole is many, and quality is light, water conservation fertilizer conservation breathability
Can be good, stable chemical nature, safety and sanitation, drift shell attractive in appearance, is the most commercial soilless culture substrate.The above substrate is all
Can in the factory by standard production out.
Technology is prone to standardization, it is easy to enterprise-style management
When carrying out substrate composition, required technical specification mainly has:
(1) unit weight refers to the weight of unit volume substrate, uses g/Lg/cm3Represent.Computing formula is:
Unit weight=weight × volume
Different flowers have different unit weight standards, define different indexs.
(2) total porosity, refers to water holding hole and the summation of ventilating slit in substrate.The standard of quality inspection is: taken one
Knowing the container of volume (V), weigh (W0)；Filling it up with substrate to be measured, weigh (W1)；Then substrate is put in water together with container
Flood container top, soak diel, take out (the W that weighs2)；Calculate by following equation:
Total porosity={ (W2-W0) (a W1-W0)}/V
If reaching the set quota as qualified, it is otherwise defective.
Under prior art conditions, the increase of the construction cost of soilless culture of flowers device will become inevitable, existing biography
System technique, that method for designing has technological process is long, controls complexity, takes up an area big, and manufacturing cost is high, the shortcomings such as flowers survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of soilless culture of flowers device, including: ground level soil 1,
Cultivation apparatus without soil 2, culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3, culture fluid holding vessel 4, culture fluid return duct 5, control system 6；Described without soil
Culture apparatus 2 is embedded in ground level soil 1 groove, cultivation apparatus without soil 2 upper surface and ground level in same level, institute
Stating culture fluid holding vessel 4 and be positioned at ground level soil 1 upper surface, described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 mutually passes through with culture fluid holding vessel 4
Logical, described culture fluid return duct 5 one end is connected to bottom culture fluid holding vessel 4, and culture fluid return duct 5 other end is connected to without soil
Bottom culture apparatus 2, described control system 6 is positioned at culture fluid holding vessel 4 upper face；
Effusion meter on described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and culture fluid return duct 5, electrically-controlled valve respectively with control system 6 wire control
System connects.
Further, described cultivation apparatus without soil 2 includes: isolation shell 2-1, permeable hole 2-2, water-absorbing film 2-3, cuts off
Silk screen 2-4, cultivates liquid layer 2-5, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6, culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7, flowers 2-8；Described isolation
Shell 2-1 is made up of anti-corrosion material, and isolation shell 2-1 total depth is not less than 0.55m, and isolation shell 2-1 tetra-wall surface is provided with greatly
The permeable hole 2-2 of amount, the quantity of described permeable hole 2-2 is 100～200, permeable hole 2-2 ranks equidistant arrangement, permeable hole 2-2
Line-spacing is 80mm～160mm, and permeable hole 2-2 arranges away from a diameter of 23mm～56mm for 90mm～180mm, permeable hole 2-2；Described
Water-absorbing film 2-3 is positioned at isolation shell 2-1 inner bottom surface, and water-absorbing film 2-3 total height is not less than isolation shell 2-1 height overall
The 1/3 of degree；Described partition silk screen 2-4 is laid on water-absorbing film 2-3 upper surface, cuts off silk screen 2-4 tetra-wall and isolates in shell 2-1
Wall seamless connects, and cuts off silk screen 2-4 surface and is provided with substantial amounts of hollow out aperture, and the quantity of hollow out aperture is 150～330, hollow out
Aperture ranks equidistant arrangement, hollow out aperture line-spacing is 10mm～40mm, and hollow out aperture arranges away from for 15mm～30mm, hollow out aperture
A diameter of 10mm～25mm；Described cultivation liquid layer 2-5 is positioned at above partition silk screen 2-4, cultivates liquid layer 2-5 by macromolecular material group
Becoming, described macromolecular material is small particle thing；Described culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 is positioned at isolation shell 2-1 top, training
Nutrient solution Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 tetra-wall and isolation shell 2-1 inwall seamless link, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 surface is provided with greatly
Amount rectangular through slot, the quantity of rectangular through slot is 50～80, rectangular through slot ranks equidistant arrangement, rectangular through slot line-spacing be 18mm～
48mm, rectangular through slot arranges away from for 16mm～38mm, and rectangular through slot size is 15mm width × 20mm length；Described flowers 2-8 root
Portion is placed in inside cultivation liquid layer 2-5, and flowers 2-8 scape is stretched out by the rectangular through slot on culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 surface；Institute
State culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 and be positioned at inside cultivation liquid layer 2-5, culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 and control system 6 wire control
System connects.
Further, described cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule, by macromolecular material pressing mold molding, cultivates liquid layer 2-5 granule
Constituent and manufacture process as follows:
One, liquid layer 2-5 granule constituent is cultivated:
Count by weight, m-nitrobenzoyl chloride 57～137 parts, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene 77～137 parts, 5-nitro-
Dimethylbenzene 127～237 parts, 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether 77～187 parts, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide
67～137 parts, 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline 117～237 parts, concentration be 47ppm～87ppm N-nitro-
2,6-dinitro-4-5-trifluoromethylanilines 77～117 parts, N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline 67
～127 parts, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-) fluorenyl-2,6-dimethylaniline 67～157 parts, cross-linking agent 87～157 parts, 2,4,7-tri-
Nitryl fluorenone 47～127 parts, kondurangin 77～167 parts, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-methoxies
Base flavanone 37～67 parts, 2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy benzophenones oxime 37～117 parts；
Described cross-linking agent be 5,7-trihydroxy-4'-melonia flavonol, 4 ', 5,7-trihydroxyflavone alcohol, 7,3 ', 4 ', 5 '-
Any one in tetrahydroxyflavonol；
Two, cultivate the manufacture process of liquid layer 2-5 granule, comprise the steps of
1st step: add ultra-pure water 517～1107 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.37 μ S/cm～0.67 μ S/cm in a kettle., start
Agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 87rpm～227rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 57 DEG C～67 DEG C；
Be sequentially added into m-nitrobenzoyl chloride, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene, 5-nitro-meta-xylene, stirring, to being completely dissolved, regulates pH
Value is 1.7～6.7, and agitator speed is adjusted to 117rpm～237rpm, and temperature is 77 DEG C～147 DEG C, esterification 17～27
Hour；
2nd step: take 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide pulverizes, powder grain
Footpath is 207～637 mesh；Adding 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline mix homogeneously, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is
17mm～47mm, to use dosage be 1.7kGy～9.7kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 47 of 5.7MeV～17MeV～127 points
Clock, and the β x ray irradiation x 67 of Isodose～157 minutes；
3rd step: the mixed-powder processed through the 2nd step is dissolved in N-nitro-2, in 6-dinitro-4-5-trifluoromethylaniline, adds anti-
Answering still, agitator speed is 77rpm～177rpm, and temperature is 87 DEG C～137 DEG C, starts vacuum pump and makes the vacuum of reactor reach
To-0.37MPa～-0.77MPa, keep this state response 17～47 hours；Pressure release is also passed through nitrogen, makes the reacting kettle inner pressure be
0.27MPa～0.67MPa, insulation stands 17～27 hours；Agitator speed is promoted to 107rpm～247rpm, simultaneous reactions still
Pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-)
Fluorenyl-2, after 6-dimethylaniline is completely dissolved, add cross-linking agent stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance of reactor solution
Value is 3.7～6.7, and insulation stands 17～27 hours；
4th step: when agitator speed is 127rpm～257rpm, be sequentially added into 2,4,7-trinitro-fluorenone, decahydro dihydroxy
Methoxyl group Fluorenone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-melonia flavone, 2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy hexichol first
Ketoxime, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.77MPa～1.57MPa, temperature is 127 DEG C～267 DEG C, polyreaction 17～
37 hours；Reacting kettle inner pressure being down to after having reacted 0MPa, is cooled to 27 DEG C～37 DEG C, discharging, entering molding press can make
Liquid layer 2-5 granule must be cultivated.
The invention also discloses the method for work of a kind of soilless culture of flowers device, the method includes following step:
1st step: culture fluid return duct 5 is embedded in bottom ground level soil 1, and isolation shell 2-1 is embedded in ground level soil
In earth 1, make internal with culture fluid return duct 5 bottom isolation shell 2-1 being mutually communicated, and make cultivation apparatus without soil 2 upper surface with
Ground level is in same level；
2nd step: be sequentially placed into water-absorbing film 2-3 bottom isolation shell 2-1, cut off silk screen 2-4 and culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate
2-6, control system 6 Primary culture liquid pump pressure device 3 sprays culture fluid in cultivation apparatus without soil 2, treats that culture fluid is paved with whole
After cultivating liquid layer 2-5, in cultivating liquid layer 2-5, plant flowers 2-8 seedling；
3rd step: the concentration levels cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 is supervised by control system 6 Primary culture liquid concentration sensor 2-7 in real time
Control, when culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 monitors the concentration cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 less than 3g/cm3～15g/cm3Time, culture fluid
Automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system 6 by concentration sensor 2-7, and control system 6 controls culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and strengthens culture fluid
Conveying；When culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 monitors the concentration cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 higher than 30g/cm3～50g/cm3Time, training
Automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system 6 by nutrient solution concentration sensor 2-7, and control system 6 controls culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and reduces training
The conveying of nutrient solution, and the culture fluid being more than is back in culture fluid holding vessel 4 by culture fluid return duct 5.
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device and method of work thereof disclosed in patent of the present invention, have an advantage in that:
(1) this device isolation shell uses anti-corrosion material, and service life is longer；
(2) this apparatus structure is reasonable in design compact, and integrated level is high；
(3) this device cultivation liquid layer uses macromolecular material to make, and flowers survival rate is higher.
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device of the present invention and method of work novel and reasonable structure, flowers survival rate
Height, the scope of application is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is heretofore described a kind of soilless culture of flowers device schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is heretofore described cultivation apparatus without soil internal structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is heretofore described cultivation liquid layer particle material and the flowers amount of surviving enhancing rate graph of a relation.
In figure 1 above～Fig. 2, ground level soil 1, cultivation apparatus without soil 2, isolate shell 2-1, permeable hole 2-2, absorb water thin
Film 2-3, cuts off silk screen 2-4, cultivates liquid layer 2-5, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6, culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7, flowers 2-
8, culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3, culture fluid holding vessel 4, culture fluid return duct 5, control system 6.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device provided the present invention with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is further described.
As it is shown in figure 1, be the schematic diagram of a kind of soilless culture of flowers device that the present invention provides.It is seen in fig. 1, that bag
Include: ground level soil 1, cultivation apparatus without soil 2, culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3, culture fluid holding vessel 4, culture fluid return duct 5, control
System 6；Described cultivation apparatus without soil 2 is embedded in ground level soil 1 groove, and cultivation apparatus without soil 2 upper surface and ground level exist
In same level, described culture fluid holding vessel 4 is positioned at ground level soil 1 upper surface, described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and cultivation
Liquid holding vessel 4 is mutually communicated, and described culture fluid return duct 5 one end is connected to bottom culture fluid holding vessel 4, culture fluid return duct 5
The other end is connected to bottom cultivation apparatus without soil 2, and described control system 6 is positioned at culture fluid holding vessel 4 upper face；
Effusion meter on described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and culture fluid return duct 5, electrically-controlled valve respectively with control system 6 wire control
System connects.
As in figure 2 it is shown, be heretofore described cultivation apparatus without soil internal structure schematic diagram.From Fig. 2 or Fig. 1
Going out, described cultivation apparatus without soil 2 includes: isolation shell 2-1, permeable hole 2-2, water-absorbing film 2-3, cuts off silk screen 2-4, culture fluid
Layer 2-5, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6, culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7, flowers 2-8；Described isolation shell 2-1 is by preserving timber
Material composition, isolation shell 2-1 total depth is not less than 0.55m, and isolation shell 2-1 tetra-wall surface is provided with substantial amounts of permeable hole 2-2, institute
The quantity stating permeable hole 2-2 is 100～200, permeable hole 2-2 ranks equidistant arrangement, permeable hole 2-2 line-spacing be 80mm～
160mm, permeable hole 2-2 arrange away from a diameter of 23mm～56mm for 90mm～180mm, permeable hole 2-2；Described water-absorbing film 2-3
Being positioned at isolation shell 2-1 inner bottom surface, water-absorbing film 2-3 total height is not less than the 1/3 of isolation shell 2-1 total height；Institute
State partition silk screen 2-4 and be laid on water-absorbing film 2-3 upper surface, cut off silk screen 2-4 tetra-wall with wall seamless in isolation shell 2-1 even
Connecing, cut off silk screen 2-4 surface and be provided with substantial amounts of hollow out aperture, the quantity of hollow out aperture is 150～330, hollow out aperture ranks
Equidistant arrangement, hollow out aperture line-spacing is 10mm～40mm, and hollow out aperture arranges away from for 15mm～30mm, hollow out aperture a diameter of
10mm～25mm；Described cultivation liquid layer 2-5 is positioned at above partition silk screen 2-4, cultivates liquid layer 2-5 and is made up of macromolecular material, institute
Stating macromolecular material is small particle thing；Described culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 is positioned at isolation shell 2-1 top, culture fluid
Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 tetra-wall and isolation shell 2-1 inwall seamless link, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 surface is provided with a large amount of square
Shape groove, the quantity of rectangular through slot is 50～80, rectangular through slot ranks equidistant arrangement, rectangular through slot line-spacing be 18mm～
48mm, rectangular through slot arranges away from for 16mm～38mm, and rectangular through slot size is 15mm width × 20mm length；Described flowers 2-8 root
Portion is placed in inside cultivation liquid layer 2-5, and flowers 2-8 scape is stretched out by the rectangular through slot on culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate 2-6 surface；Institute
State culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 and be positioned at inside cultivation liquid layer 2-5, culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 and control system 6 wire control
System connects.
The work process of a kind of soilless culture of flowers device of the present invention and method of work thereof is:
1st step: culture fluid return duct 5 is embedded in bottom ground level soil 1, and isolation shell 2-1 is embedded in ground level soil
In earth 1, make internal with culture fluid return duct 5 bottom isolation shell 2-1 being mutually communicated, and make cultivation apparatus without soil 2 upper surface with
Ground level is in same level；
2nd step: be sequentially placed into water-absorbing film 2-3 bottom isolation shell 2-1, cut off silk screen 2-4 and culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate
2-6, control system 6 Primary culture liquid pump pressure device 3 sprays culture fluid in cultivation apparatus without soil 2, treats that culture fluid is paved with whole
After cultivating liquid layer 2-5, in cultivating liquid layer 2-5, plant flowers 2-8 seedling；
3rd step: the concentration levels cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 is supervised by control system 6 Primary culture liquid concentration sensor 2-7 in real time
Control, when culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 monitors the concentration cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 less than 3g/cm3～15g/cm3Time, culture fluid
Automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system 6 by concentration sensor 2-7, and control system 6 controls culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and strengthens culture fluid
Conveying；When culture fluid concentration sensor 2-7 monitors the concentration cultivated in liquid layer 2-5 higher than 30g/cm3～50g/cm3Time, training
Automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system 6 by nutrient solution concentration sensor 2-7, and control system 6 controls culture fluid pump pressurizing unit 3 and reduces training
The conveying of nutrient solution, and the culture fluid being more than is back in culture fluid holding vessel 4 by culture fluid return duct 5.
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device of the present invention and method of work novel and reasonable structure, flowers survival rate
Height, the scope of application is wide.
The following is the embodiment of the manufacture process of cultivation liquid layer 2-5 of the present invention, embodiment is to further illustrate
Present disclosure, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, to this
Amendment that inventive method, step or condition are made and replacement, belong to the scope of the present invention.
If not specializing, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
According to following steps manufacture cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule of the present invention, and mark meter by weight:
1st step: add ultra-pure water 517～1107 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.37 μ S/cm～0.67 μ S/cm in a kettle., start
Agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 87rpm～227rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 57 DEG C～67 DEG C；
It is sequentially added into m-nitrobenzoyl chloride 57～137 parts, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene 77～137 parts, 5-nitro-meta-xylene 127
～237 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulation pH value is 1.7～6.7, and agitator speed is adjusted to 117rpm～237rpm, temperature
It is 77 DEG C～147 DEG C, esterification 17～27 hours；
2nd step: take 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether 77～187 parts, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide 67～
Pulverizing for 137 parts, powder diameter is 207～637 mesh；Add 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline 117～237 parts to mix
Closing uniformly, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 17mm～47mm, and employing dosage is 1.7kGy～9.7kGy, energy is
The alpha ray irradiation 47 of 5.7MeV～17MeV～127 minutes, and the β x ray irradiation x 67 of Isodose～157 minutes；
3rd step: the mixed-powder processed through the 2nd step is dissolved in the N-nitro-2,6-dinitro-4-three that concentration is 47ppm～87ppm
In methyl fluoride aniline 77～117 parts, adding reactor, agitator speed is 77rpm～177rpm, and temperature is 87 DEG C～137 DEG C,
Starting vacuum pump makes the vacuum of reactor reach-0.37MPa～-0.77MPa, keeps this state response 17～47 hours；Let out
Pressing and be passed through nitrogen, making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.27MPa～0.67MPa, and insulation stands 17～27 hours；Agitator speed carries
Rise to 107rpm～247rpm, simultaneous reactions still pressure release to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,
6-dinitroaniline 67～127 parts, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-) fluorenyl-2, after 6-dimethylaniline 67～157 parts are completely dissolved,
Add cross-linking agent 87～157 parts of stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 3.7～6.7, and insulation stands
17～27 hours；
4th step: when agitator speed is 127rpm～257rpm, be sequentially added into 2,4,7-trinitro-fluorenone 47～127 parts, ten
Hydrogen dihydroxy methoxyl group Fluorenone 77～167 parts, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-melonia flavone 37～67 parts,
2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy benzophenones oxime 37～117 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reach 0.77MPa～
1.57MPa, temperature is 127 DEG C～267 DEG C, polyreaction 17～37 hours；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to
0MPa, is cooled to 27 DEG C～37 DEG C, discharging, enters molding press and can be prepared by cultivating liquid layer 2-5 granule；
Described cross-linking agent is 5,7-trihydroxy-4'-melonia flavonol.
Embodiment 2
According to following steps manufacture cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule of the present invention, and mark meter by weight:
1st step: add ultra-pure water 517～1107 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.37 μ S/cm～0.67 μ S/cm in a kettle., start
Agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 87rpm～227rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 57 DEG C～67 DEG C；
It is sequentially added into m-nitrobenzoyl chloride 57～137 parts, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene 77～137 parts, 5-nitro-meta-xylene 127
～237 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulation pH value is 1.7～6.7, and agitator speed is adjusted to 117rpm～237rpm, temperature
It is 77 DEG C～147 DEG C, esterification 17～27 hours；
2nd step: take 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether 77～187 parts, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide 67～
Pulverizing for 137 parts, powder diameter is 207～637 mesh；Add 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline 117～237 parts to mix
Closing uniformly, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 17mm～47mm, and employing dosage is 1.7kGy～9.7kGy, energy is
The alpha ray irradiation 47 of 5.7MeV～17MeV～127 minutes, and the β x ray irradiation x 67 of Isodose～157 minutes；
3rd step: the mixed-powder processed through the 2nd step is dissolved in the N-nitro-2,6-dinitro-4-three that concentration is 47ppm～87ppm
In methyl fluoride aniline 77～117 parts, adding reactor, agitator speed is 77rpm～177rpm, and temperature is 87 DEG C～137 DEG C,
Starting vacuum pump makes the vacuum of reactor reach-0.37MPa～-0.77MPa, keeps this state response 17～47 hours；Let out
Pressing and be passed through nitrogen, making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.27MPa～0.67MPa, and insulation stands 17～27 hours；Agitator speed carries
Rise to 107rpm～247rpm, simultaneous reactions still pressure release to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,
6-dinitroaniline 67～127 parts, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-) fluorenyl-2, after 6-dimethylaniline 67～157 parts are completely dissolved,
Add cross-linking agent 87～157 parts of stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 3.7～6.7, and insulation stands
17～27 hours；
4th step: when agitator speed is 127rpm～257rpm, be sequentially added into 2,4,7-trinitro-fluorenone 47～127 parts, ten
Hydrogen dihydroxy methoxyl group Fluorenone 77～167 parts, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-melonia flavone 37～67 parts,
2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy benzophenones oxime 37～117 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reach 0.77MPa～
1.57MPa, temperature is 127 DEG C～267 DEG C, polyreaction 17～37 hours；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to
0MPa, is cooled to 27 DEG C～37 DEG C, discharging, enters molding press and can be prepared by cultivating liquid layer 2-5 granule；
Described cross-linking agent is 7,3 ', 4 ', 5 '-tetrahydroxyflavonol.
Embodiment 3
According to following steps manufacture cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule of the present invention, and mark meter by weight:
1st step: add ultra-pure water 517～1107 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.37 μ S/cm～0.67 μ S/cm in a kettle., start
Agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 87rpm～227rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 57 DEG C～67 DEG C；
It is sequentially added into m-nitrobenzoyl chloride 57～137 parts, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene 77～137 parts, 5-nitro-meta-xylene 127
～237 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulation pH value is 1.7～6.7, and agitator speed is adjusted to 117rpm～237rpm, temperature
It is 77 DEG C～147 DEG C, esterification 17～27 hours；
2nd step: take 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether 77～187 parts, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide 67～
Pulverizing for 137 parts, powder diameter is 207～637 mesh；Add 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline 117～237 parts to mix
Closing uniformly, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 17mm～47mm, and employing dosage is 1.7kGy～9.7kGy, energy is
The alpha ray irradiation 47 of 5.7MeV～17MeV～127 minutes, and the β x ray irradiation x 67 of Isodose～157 minutes；
3rd step: the mixed-powder processed through the 2nd step is dissolved in the N-nitro-2,6-dinitro-4-three that concentration is 47ppm～87ppm
In methyl fluoride aniline 77～117 parts, adding reactor, agitator speed is 77rpm～177rpm, and temperature is 87 DEG C～137 DEG C,
Starting vacuum pump makes the vacuum of reactor reach-0.37MPa～-0.77MPa, keeps this state response 17～47 hours；Let out
Pressing and be passed through nitrogen, making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.27MPa～0.67MPa, and insulation stands 17～27 hours；Agitator speed carries
Rise to 107rpm～247rpm, simultaneous reactions still pressure release to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,
6-dinitroaniline 67～127 parts, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-) fluorenyl-2, after 6-dimethylaniline 67～157 parts are completely dissolved,
Add cross-linking agent 87～157 parts of stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 3.7～6.7, and insulation stands
17～27 hours；
4th step: when agitator speed is 127rpm～257rpm, be sequentially added into 2,4,7-trinitro-fluorenone 47～127 parts, ten
Hydrogen dihydroxy methoxyl group Fluorenone 77～167 parts, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-melonia flavone 37～67 parts,
2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy benzophenones oxime 37～117 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reach 0.77MPa～
1.57MPa, temperature is 127 DEG C～267 DEG C, polyreaction 17～37 hours；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to
0MPa, is cooled to 27 DEG C～37 DEG C, discharging, enters molding press and can be prepared by cultivating liquid layer 2-5 granule；
Described cross-linking agent is 4 ', 5,7-trihydroxyflavone alcohol.
Reference examples
Reference examples is the cultivation liquid layer granule processing procedure for flower culture of certain brand commercially available.
Embodiment 4
The cultivation liquid layer granule described in liquid layer 2-5 granule and reference examples of cultivating embodiment 1～3 prepared is used for spending
The service condition of processing procedure of grass cultivation contrasts, and with seedling catalysis degree, plant growing rate, plant products enhancing rate,
Nutrient increment rate is that technical specification is added up, and result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is for cultivating liquid layer granule in the processing procedure of flower culture described in embodiment 1～3 and reference examples
The comparing result of parameters, as seen from Table 1, cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule of the present invention, its seedling catalysis degree, plant
Rate of growth, plant products enhancing rate, nutrient increment rate are above the product that prior art produces.
Additionally, as it is shown on figure 3, be cultivation liquid layer 2-5 particle material of the present invention and the flowers amount of surviving enhancing rate
Graph of a relation.Find out in figure, macromolecular material the cultivation liquid layer 2-5 granule material manufactured is evenly distributed, material surface long-pending with
Volume ratio is relatively big, and Dispersion on surface is good, and the concentration relative comparison example of dispersible carrier free in continuous phase is high；Embodiment 1～3 institute
Cultivate liquid layer 2-5 granule with macromolecule, in terms of the flowers amount of surviving enhancing rate, be better than existing product.
Claims (4)
1. a soilless culture of flowers device, including: ground level soil (1), cultivation apparatus without soil (2), culture fluid pump pressurizing unit
(3), culture fluid holding vessel (4), culture fluid return duct (5), control system (6)；It is characterized in that, described cultivation apparatus without soil
(2) being embedded in ground level soil (1) groove, cultivation apparatus without soil (2) upper surface and ground level are in same level, described
Culture fluid holding vessel (4) is positioned at ground level soil (1) upper surface, described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit (3) and culture fluid holding vessel (4)
Be mutually communicated, described culture fluid return duct (5) one end be connected to culture fluid holding vessel (4) bottom, culture fluid return duct (5) another
End is connected to cultivation apparatus without soil (2) bottom, and described control system (6) is positioned at culture fluid holding vessel (4) upper face；
Effusion meter on described culture fluid pump pressurizing unit (3) and culture fluid return duct (5), electrically-controlled valve respectively with control system (6)
Polygon control survey connects.
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cultivation apparatus without soil (2)
Including: isolation shell (2-1), permeable hole (2-2), water-absorbing film (2-3), cut off silk screen (2-4), cultivate liquid layer (2-5), cultivate
Liquid Anti-lost dividing plate (2-6), culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7), flowers (2-8)；Described isolation shell (2-1) is by anti-corrosion material
Composition, isolation shell (2-1) total depth is not less than 0.55m, and isolation shell (2-1) four wall surface is provided with substantial amounts of permeable hole (2-
2), the quantity of described permeable hole (2-2) is 100～200, permeable hole (2-2) ranks equidistant arrangement, permeable hole (2-2) line-spacing
For 80mm～160mm, permeable hole (2-2) row are away from for 90mm～180mm, a diameter of 23mm～56mm of permeable hole (2-2)；Described
Water-absorbing film (2-3) is positioned at isolation shell (2-1) inner bottom surface, and water-absorbing film (2-3) total height is not less than isolation shell
(2-1) the 1/3 of total height；Described partition silk screen (2-4) is laid on water-absorbing film (2-3) upper surface, cuts off silk screen (2-4) four wall
With isolation shell (2-1) inwall seamless link, cut off silk screen (2-4) surface and be provided with substantial amounts of hollow out aperture, the number of hollow out aperture
Amount is 150～330, hollow out aperture ranks equidistant arrangement, and hollow out aperture line-spacing is 10mm～40mm, hollow out aperture arrange away from for
15mm～30mm, a diameter of 10mm～25mm of hollow out aperture；Described cultivation liquid layer (2-5) is positioned at partition silk screen (2-4) top,
Cultivating liquid layer (2-5) to be made up of macromolecular material, described macromolecular material is small particle thing；Described culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate
(2-6) isolation shell (2-1) top, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate (2-6) four wall and isolation shell (2-1) interior wall seamless it are positioned at
Connecting, culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate (2-6) surface is provided with a large amount of rectangular through slot, and the quantity of rectangular through slot is 50～80, rectangle
Groove ranks equidistant arrangement, rectangular through slot line-spacing is 18mm～48mm, and rectangular through slot arranges away from for 16mm～38mm, rectangular through slot chi
Very little size is 15mm (wide) × 20mm (length)；It is internal that described flowers (2-8) root is placed in cultivation liquid layer (2-5), flowers (2-8) flower
Stem is stretched out by the rectangular through slot on culture fluid Anti-lost dividing plate (2-6) surface；Described culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7) is positioned at training
Nutrient solution layer (2-5) is internal, and culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7) is connected with control system (6) polygon control survey.
A kind of soilless culture of flowers device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described cultivation liquid layer (2-5)
Plastochondria is by macromolecular material pressing mold molding, and constituent and the manufacture process of cultivating liquid layer (2-5) granule are as follows:
One, liquid layer (2-5) granule constituent is cultivated:
Count by weight, m-nitrobenzoyl chloride 57～137 parts, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene 77～137 parts, 5-nitro-
Dimethylbenzene 127～237 parts, 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether 77～187 parts, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide
67～137 parts, 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline 117～237 parts, concentration be 47ppm～87ppm N-nitro-
2,6-dinitro-4-5-trifluoromethylanilines 77～117 parts, N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline 67
～127 parts, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-) fluorenyl-2,6-dimethylaniline 67～157 parts, cross-linking agent 87～157 parts, 2,4,7-tri-
Nitryl fluorenone 47～127 parts, kondurangin 77～167 parts, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-methoxies
Base flavanone 37～67 parts, 2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy benzophenones oxime 37～117 parts；
Described cross-linking agent be 5,7-trihydroxy-4'-melonia flavonol, 4 ', 5,7-trihydroxyflavone alcohol, 7,3 ', 4 ', 5 '-
Any one in tetrahydroxyflavonol；
Two, cultivate the manufacture process of liquid layer (2-5) granule, comprise the steps of
1st step: add ultra-pure water 517～1107 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.37 μ S/cm～0.67 μ S/cm in a kettle., start
Agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 87rpm～227rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 57 DEG C～67 DEG C；
Be sequentially added into m-nitrobenzoyl chloride, to chlorine m-Carboxynitrobenzene, 5-nitro-meta-xylene, stirring, to being completely dissolved, regulates pH
Value is 1.7～6.7, and agitator speed is adjusted to 117rpm～237rpm, and temperature is 77 DEG C～147 DEG C, esterification 17～27
Hour；
2nd step: take 2,6-dinitro open-chain crown ether, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro acetanilide pulverizes, powder grain
Footpath is 207～637 mesh；Adding 4-methyl-2,6-dinitro-monoacetylaniline mix homogeneously, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is
17mm～47mm, to use dosage be 1.7kGy～9.7kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 47 of 5.7MeV～17MeV～127 points
Clock, and the β x ray irradiation x 67 of Isodose～157 minutes；
3rd step: the mixed-powder processed through the 2nd step is dissolved in N-nitro-2, in 6-dinitro-4-5-trifluoromethylaniline, adds anti-
Answering still, agitator speed is 77rpm～177rpm, and temperature is 87 DEG C～137 DEG C, starts vacuum pump and makes the vacuum of reactor reach
To-0.37MPa～-0.77MPa, keep this state response 17～47 hours；Pressure release is also passed through nitrogen, makes the reacting kettle inner pressure be
0.27MPa～0.67MPa, insulation stands 17～27 hours；Agitator speed is promoted to 107rpm～247rpm, simultaneous reactions still
Pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into N-(1-ethyl propyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline, 1-(2,4,7-trinitro-)
Fluorenyl-2, after 6-dimethylaniline is completely dissolved, add cross-linking agent stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance of reactor solution
Value is 3.7～6.7, and insulation stands 17～27 hours；
4th step: when agitator speed is 127rpm～257rpm, be sequentially added into 2,4,7-trinitro-fluorenone, decahydro dihydroxy
Methoxyl group Fluorenone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-isopentene group-4'-melonia flavone, 2-hydroxyl-4-dodecyloxy hexichol first
Ketoxime, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.77MPa～1.57MPa, temperature is 127 DEG C～267 DEG C, polyreaction 17～
37 hours；Reacting kettle inner pressure being down to after having reacted 0MPa, is cooled to 27 DEG C～37 DEG C, discharging, entering molding press can make
Liquid layer (2-5) granule must be cultivated.
4. the method for work of a soilless culture of flowers device, it is characterised in that the method includes following step:
1st step: culture fluid return duct (5) is embedded in ground level soil (1) bottom, and isolation shell (2-1) is embedded in ground
In plane soil (1), make isolation shell (2-1) bottom and culture fluid return duct (5) inside be mutually communicated, and make soilless culture fill
Put (2) upper surface to be in same level with ground level；
2nd step: be sequentially placed into water-absorbing film (2-3) in isolation shell (2-1) bottom, cut off silk screen (2-4) and the anti-stream of culture fluid
Losing dividing plate (2-6), control system (6) Primary culture liquid pump pressure device (3) sprays culture fluid in cultivation apparatus without soil (2), treats
After culture fluid is paved with whole cultivation liquid layer (2-5), in cultivating liquid layer (2-5), plant flowers (2-8) seedling；
3rd step: the concentration levels cultivated in liquid layer (2-5) is carried out by control system (6) Primary culture liquid concentration sensor (2-7)
Monitoring in real time, when culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7) monitors the concentration cultivated in liquid layer (2-5) less than 3g/cm3～15g/cm3
Time, automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system (6) by culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7), and control system (6) controls culture fluid pump pressure
Device (3) strengthens the conveying of culture fluid；When culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7) monitors the concentration height cultivated in liquid layer (2-5)
In 30g/cm3～50g/cm3Time, automatically controlled signal is fed back to control system (6), control system by culture fluid concentration sensor (2-7)
(6) control culture fluid pump pressurizing unit (3) and reduce the conveying of culture fluid, and the culture fluid being more than is returned by culture fluid return duct (5)
It flow in culture fluid holding vessel (4).
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| CN109845634A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-06-07 | 河北大学 | Super-pressure organism culturing device and its application method |
| CN109937864A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of water planting tea shoot device and method based on automatic control system |
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