CN106069221A - A kind of sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference - Google Patents
A kind of sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference, comprise the following steps: (1) stock is cultivated；(2) collection of scion and process；(3) grafting period and method, daytime, mean daily temperature 15 DEG C was carried out, and stock overhead 10 15cm block, and cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° away from section about 1.0cm, and at stock section 1/4～1/3, downward rip cutting about 1.0cm, removes the stock cut off, and simple bud is stayed in scion；(4) seedling management after grafting.The present invention combines cleft graft and plate budding method advantage, effectively alleviate during sweet persimmon nursery produces and cause, owing to anvil fringe affinity is weak, the problem that seedling growth gesture is weak, survival rate is low, nursery stock interface smooth, grafting mouth ratio that is cracking and that expand is less than cleft graft, plate budding 8.10%, 20.23%；Anvil fringe healing time is short simultaneously, and seedling growth gesture is the most prosperous, and outplanting rate relatively cleft grafting, plate budding improve 11.73%, 24.76%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit nursery stock raising technology field, especially relate to the new method of a kind of Fructus Kaki grafting, especially
It is applicable to the sweet persimmon graft seedling growth that anvil fringe affinity is poor.
Background technology
China is the Fructus Kaki manufacturing country of the most most important Diospyros country of origin and maximum, and calamander germ plasm resource is rich
Richness, Fructus Kaki plantation is with a long history, and within 2014, national Fructus Kaki yield is 373.08 ten thousand tons, accounts for the 2.25% of whole nation fruits output, accounts for generation
More than the ninety percent of boundary's Fructus Kaki yield.Fructus Kaki is classified according to the sweet puckery of fruit when gathering on tree, is broadly divided into sweet persimmon and puckery Fructus Kaki
Two big classes, traditional " eat Fructus Kaki and choose soft pinching ", refer to puckery Fructus Kaki (Pollination-constant astringent,
PCA), such as common Mopan Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb. Mopanshi)；Sweet persimmon (Pollination-constant
Nonastringent, PCNA) fruit naturally takes away the puckery taste time ripe in the tree, need not manually take away the puckery taste, after adopting as Fructus Mali pumilae, pears
Peel crisp food.
China Hubei Province, Henan, Wan San save the Da Bie Mountain area having a common boundary, and are dispersed with the most ancient sweet persimmon germ plasm resource, are also
The sweet persimmon kind matter that China uniquely originates in so far, its producing region, center be Luotian County of Hubei Province, Macheng City, Shangcheng County, Henan Province,
Anhui Province's Jinzhai County, also there is a small amount of distribution the Tuanfeng County in Hubei Province, Yingshan County, and area reaches 8000km2, and quantity reaches 300,000 strains, especially
Maximum with Luotian County's sweet persimmon distribution area, variety type is most, and cultivation history at most, therefore is referred to as " Luotian sweet persimmon ".According to Luotian County
" the sweet persimmon tree in bamboo plantation is two and has " is recorded in 10 years Jiajin Year of the Ming Dynasty (away from modern more than the 400 years) contract of breaking up the family preserved；According to another
Historical Data Data About, describe in " Luotian county annals " " auspicious different " joint of writing between clear Kangxu's year " the Song Mingdao first year (1032 Christian eras), yellow
State Fructus Citri tangerinae wood and kaki connect branch ", Luotian County belongs to Huangzhou administration the Song dynasty, it can be seen that the history of Luotian sweet persimmon existing nearly one thousand years, relatively day
This ancient sweet persimmon kind " buddhist Fructus Kaki ball " (Diospyros kaki Thunb. Zenjimaru) (1214 Christian eras were found) is also
Early 180 years.
The Fructus Kaki cultivated area about 340,000 mu of Japan, principal item for rich, flat core without accounting for, cutter root is the most raw, pine this morning of life
The kinds such as rich, Xi Cun is the most raw.Japan occupy rank first in sweet persimmon breed breeding field.In recent years, China various places phase
Continue and introduced Japanese Sweet Persimmon kind, and establish production base.
The stock that China's Fructus Kaki is conventional is Fructus Dispyroris Loti (Diospyros lotus Linn.), and various places are according to local Diospyros
Resource also has the wild Fructus Kaki of selection, wild kaki persimmon, Zhejiang Fructus Kaki and this anvil.During Fructus Kaki nursery produces, conventional engrafting method is cleft grafting, embedding bud
Connect, cut-grafting, the method such as side grafting, strong at anvil fringe affinity, such as Mopan Persimmon and Fructus Dispyroris Loti combine, the application of various engrafting methods its
The growth potential of survival rate and nursery stock does not all make significant difference；And anvil fringe affinity is more weak when, various engrafting methods all produce
Raw certain drawback, such as growth potential is weak, interface expands and survival rate is low etc., the Japanese Sweet Persimmon kind particularly introduced, no
Same sweet persimmon kind there are differences in terms of anvil fringe affinity from different stock types, and after causing grafting, both sides are in external engagement
Situation and internal structure, physiological situation and late growing stage gesture aspect are directly affected.
For prior art problem, how to create a kind of Fructus Kaki grafting new method, in Fructus Kaki nursery produces, the sweetest
During Fructus Kaki seedling-wood breeding produces, effectively alleviate owing to anvil fringe affinity is weak and cause that seedling growth gesture is weak, survival rate is low and interface
The problem of healing difference, seems the most urgent in sweet persimmon nursery produces.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing due to anvil fringe affinity weak and cause that sweet persimmon seedling growth gesture is weak, graft survival rate is low and connects
The problem of mouth healing difference, spy of the present invention provides a kind of combination Fructus Kaki cleft graft and the grafting new method of plate budding method advantage.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference of the present invention, comprises the following steps: (1) stock is cultivated；(2) scion
Gather and process；(3) grafting period and operational approach；(4) management of seedling after grafting, the processing method of step (3) grafting is such as
Under:
Stock processes: stock is blocking at distance ground 10-15cm secateurs, scabbles section, selects smooth straight side, away from
From section about 1.0cm with the oblique partial application in inclination angle of 45 °, as deep as the xylem 1/4～1/3 of stock；At section edge with 30 °
The oblique partial application in inclination angle, then with cutter downward rip cutting about 1.0cm at the 1/4～1/3 of stock section, with crosscutting edge of a knife phase
Connect, remove the stock of excision, form " the wedge mouth " of 1 45 °；
Scion processes: simple bud is stayed in scion, in the side that the side of bud is concordant with the leaf scar buddered, is whittled into and is about the length of 1.0cm and cuts
Face, slightly band xylem；At the leaf scar bottom 1.2cm that budders, relative with long bevel, cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° and block under sprout
Portion's scion, then cuts sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° at 0.5cm directly over buddering and blocks top scion of buddering, bottom, cross section and bud
Body bottom is concordant；
Anvil fringe engages: the long bevel buddered is close to the longitudinal section of stock, is downwardly into " the wedge mouth " of stock, the shape to its side
Stratification, scion long bevel top and oblique section top is exposed independent from a little cortex, is close in accomplishing, aliging in side, exposes skin, the soonest
Speed plastic sheeting bondage is tight；
Grafting thin film and bondage: select the polyethylene film of 0.01mm, be cut into wide 1.5cm, long 30 cm～the tape of 40 cm, with
Otch and the place that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally are tied up sternly by monofilm the most from bottom to top, and bondage notes obturaging the disconnected of stock section and top of buddering
Face, it is to avoid cause stock and the withered death of dehydration of buddering, expose simultaneously and budder, in order to avoid wound tannin oxidizing blackening of buddering causes bud
Body rots.
In step (1), stock is Fructus Dispyroris Loti, uses conventional seed planting method for culturing seedlings, and at distance ground 10cm, nursery stock rugosity reaches
During to more than 0.8cm, carry out grafting operation.
In step (2), scion should gather the sprout tissue regeneration promoting tip then full, healthy and strong, that endanger without disease pest, can be in conjunction with winter
Pruning carries out scion collection and preserves；At 30mg kg before scion storage-1NAA solution quickly water and dip in, when being beneficial to extend storage
Between；Scion is imbedded in moistening river sand, water content with hold agglomerating, loose one's grip i.e. dissipate for degree；Scion is imbedded with the inclination angle of 60 °
In river sand, the first half exposes outside sand, is then filled with the river sand of thick layer about 10-15cm, and such one layer of river sand of row's scion is successively
Carry out；Checked the humidity of a river sand every 10～15 days, as turned white in sand surface, holding can not be agglomerating, notes timely moisturizing.
In step (3), the time of grafting is selected in mean daily temperature on daytime 15 DEG C, and the scale of buddering of scion starts to reveal green, this
Period, stock had begun to rudiment.
In step (3), grafting tool selects sharp secateurs and grafting knife；Ensure that stock and the cross section of scion and bevel are put down
Sliding, to emphasize " short, flat, fast, accurate " during operation, reduce the wound aerial holdup time as far as possible, during bondage, interface wrapping is tight,
Do not seep water gas leakage.
In step (4), focus on the diseases such as leafeating insect and anthrax such as preventing and treating Hypocala moorei, Limacodidae, caterpillar, chafer
The harm of worm.
The young sprout trophophase sprouted of buddering subjects to the danger of the leafeating insects such as Hypocala moorei, Limacodidae, caterpillar, chafer
Evil, especially Hypocala moorei larval feeding terminal bud and tender leaf, terminal bud rate of being injured, up to more than 90%, has a strong impact on nursery stock raw
Long；Mountain area and nursery, knob are also subject to the harm of chafer, its imago feeding spire, cause blade to incise impaired, sternly
The most surplus vein of weight, chafer is explosive strong, should check preventing and treating at any time, if being injured occurs in the blade of 5%, should select 20% first in time
Cyano chrysanthemate EC2000 times or 50% phoxim EC1500 times, to Herb blade spraying 1～2 times.
During the growth of seedling of nursery, under the conditions of high temperature and humidity, anthracnose of kaki morbidity is the most serious.Produce on petiole or vein
1～2 little scab of black, circular or strip, petiole easily fractures at scab, causes fallen leaves.Young sprout catch an illness initially occur black
Color roundlet speckle, after expand as that brown is oval or irregular shape, medial recess, lobe, scab is about 10～20mm, when scab is many
Often being linked to be irregular strip block, its internal xylem blackening is withered, easily fractures, death of seedling time serious.4～May
Their early stage, selects protectiveness medicament to prevent and treat, can be selected for 1:5:400 Bordeaux mixture, 80% greatly raw M-45WP600 times spray 1
～2 times.
To near grafting mouth and the coppice spout branch of bottom stock, should erase in time, every 10～15 days once.Note during fertilising
Meaning is had many meals but little food at eath, and every mu imposes carbamide or compound fertilizer 15kg, even executes 2～3 times, every minor tick 20～30 days, foliage-spray simultaneously
0.3% carbamide 1～2 times.During the hydropenia of nursery, should pour water in time.
The positive effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, graft survival rate is high, and anvil fringe healing time is short, and seedling growth gesture is the most prosperous, and outplanting rate the most relatively cleft grafting, plate budding improve
11.73%、24.76%。
2, combine cleft graft and plate budding method advantage, effectively alleviate during sweet persimmon nursery produces owing to anvil fringe affinity is weak
Causing the problem that seedling growth gesture is weak, survival rate is low, nursery stock interface smooth, grafting mouth ratio that is cracking and that expand is the lowest
In cleft graft, plate budding 8.10%, 20.23%.
3, using simple bud whip grafting, save scion, production cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: stock processes schematic diagram；
In figure, at 1-anvil this (highly 10-15cm), 2-stock cross section, edge, 3-cross section oblique section (30 degree of angles), 4-stock rip cutting
(1/4-1/3 wood rear portion), 5-oblique section (45 degree of angle wedge mouths), 6-rip cutting stock (length 1.0cm).
Fig. 2: scion processes schematic diagram；
In figure, 1-budders, the long bevel of 2-leaf scar, 3-(1.0cm incidentally xylem), 4-lower section (45 degree are blocked), 5-upper section
(45 degree are blocked top, and section top is away from bud 0.5cm, and bottom, cross section is concordant with sprout bottom).
Fig. 3: the Stockscion combination schematic diagram after bondage；
In figure, 1-stock cross section (bondage thin film), 2-scion upper section (bondage thin film), 3-scion cutting face are (on stock wedge mouth
Portion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally), the long bevel of 4-(the stock place of cutting sth. askew shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally), 5-plastic sheeting.
Fig. 4: positive rich sweet persimmon processes, at different grafting times, the survival rate schematic diagram buddered；
The method of I-present invention, II-cleft graft, III-plate budding method.
Fig. 5: positive rich sweet persimmon processes, in different bondage methods, the survival rate schematic diagram buddered；
I-sprout exposes+stock and scion section is obturaged, II-sprout+stock and scion section is obturaged, III-sprout+stock and connecing
Fringe section is exposed, IV-sprout is obturaged+stock and scion section exposed.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples are that the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in the accompanying drawings from 1 to 3, the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference of the present invention, comprise the following steps: (1) anvil
Wood is cultivated；(2) collection of scion and process；(3) grafting period and operational approach；(4) management of seedling after grafting, step (3)
The processing method of grafting is as follows:
Stock processes: stock is blocking at distance ground 10-15cm secateurs, scabbles section, selects smooth straight side, away from
From section about 1.0cm with the oblique partial application in inclination angle of 45 °, as deep as the xylem 1/4～1/3 of stock；At section edge with 30 °
The oblique partial application in inclination angle, then with cutter downward rip cutting about 1.0cm at the 1/4～1/3 of stock section, with crosscutting edge of a knife phase
Connect, remove the stock of excision, form " the wedge mouth " of 1 45 °；
Scion processes: simple bud is stayed in scion, in the side that the side of bud is concordant with the leaf scar buddered, is whittled into and is about the length of 1.0cm and cuts
Face, slightly band xylem；At the leaf scar bottom 1.2cm that budders, relative with long bevel, cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° and block under sprout
Portion's scion, then cuts sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° at 0.5cm directly over buddering and blocks top scion of buddering, bottom, cross section and bud
Body bottom is concordant；
Anvil fringe engages: the long bevel buddered is close to the longitudinal section of stock, is downwardly into " the wedge mouth " of stock, the shape to its side
Stratification, scion long bevel top and oblique section top is exposed independent from a little cortex, is close in accomplishing, aliging in side, exposes skin, the soonest
Speed plastic sheeting bondage is tight；
Grafting thin film and bondage: select the polyethylene film of 0.01mm, be cut into wide 1.5cm, long 30 cm～the tape of 40 cm, with
Otch and the place that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally are tied up sternly by monofilm the most from bottom to top, and bondage notes obturaging the disconnected of stock section and top of buddering
Face, it is to avoid cause stock and the withered death of dehydration of buddering, expose simultaneously and budder, in order to avoid wound tannin oxidizing blackening of buddering causes bud
Body rots.
In step (1), stock is Fructus Dispyroris Loti, uses conventional seed planting method for culturing seedlings, and at distance ground 10cm, nursery stock rugosity reaches
During to more than 0.8cm, carry out grafting operation.
In step (2), scion should gather the sprout tissue regeneration promoting tip then full, healthy and strong, that endanger without disease pest, can be in conjunction with winter
Pruning carries out scion collection and preserves；At 30mg kg before scion storage-1NAA solution quickly water and dip in, when being beneficial to extend storage
Between；Scion is imbedded in moistening river sand, water content with hold agglomerating, loose one's grip i.e. dissipate for degree；Scion is imbedded with the inclination angle of 60 °
In river sand, the first half exposes outside sand, is then filled with the river sand of thick layer about 10-15cm, and such one layer of river sand of row's scion is successively
Carry out；Checked the humidity of a river sand every 10～15 days, as turned white in sand surface, holding can not be agglomerating, notes timely moisturizing.
In step (3), the time of grafting is selected in mean daily temperature on daytime 15 DEG C, and the scale of buddering of scion starts to reveal green, this
Period, stock had begun to rudiment.
In step (3), grafting tool selects sharp secateurs and grafting knife；Ensure that stock and the cross section of scion and bevel are put down
Sliding, to emphasize " short, flat, fast, accurate " during operation, reduce the wound aerial holdup time as far as possible, during bondage, interface wrapping is tight,
Do not seep water gas leakage.
In step (4), leafeating insect prevent and treat: when 5% and above blade occur leafeating insect (Hypocala moorei, Limacodidae,
Caterpillar, chafer) when being injured, select 20% Fenpropathrin EC2000 times or 50% phoxim EC1500 times in time, to Herb leaf
Sheet is sprayed 1～2 time；
Anthracnose of kaki is prevented and treated: 4～their early stage in May, selects protectiveness medicament to prevent and treat, can be selected for 1:5:400 Bordeaux
Liquid, 80% life M-45WP600 times greatly are sprayed 1～2 time；
To near grafting mouth and the coppice spout branch of bottom stock, should erase in time, every 10～15 days once；
Noting during fertilising having many meals but little food at eath, every mu imposes carbamide or compound fertilizer 15kg, even executes 2～3 times, every minor tick 20～30 days,
Foliage-spray 0.3% carbamide 1～2 times simultaneously.During the hydropenia of nursery, should pour water in time.
The concrete application example of embodiment 2
It is the side that sky Pharmaceutical limited company sweet persimmon nursery stock production base tests the present invention at Hubei, Luotian County of Hubei Province food
Method.
(1) stock is cultivated
Stock is Fructus Dispyroris Loti, uses conventional seed planting method for culturing seedlings, when at distance ground 10cm, nursery stock rugosity reaches more than 0.8cm,
Meet grafting operation requirement.
(2) collection of scion and process
Scion sweet persimmon kind is Yang Feng.Gather the sprout tissue regeneration promoting tip then full, healthy and strong, that endanger without disease pest, in conjunction with winter pruning
Carry out scion collection and preserve.At 30mg kg before scion storage-1NAA solution quickly water and dip in, be beneficial to extend storage time.
Scion is imbedded in moistening river sand, water content with hold agglomerating, loose one's grip i.e. dissipate for degree.Scion is with the embedment river, inclination angle of 60 °
Sha Zhong, the first half exposes outside sand, is then filled with the river sand of thick layer about 10-15cm, and such one layer of river sand of row's scion enters successively
OK.The humidity checking a river sand in each 10-15 days, as turned white in sand surface, holding can not be agglomerating, notes timely moisturizing.
(3) grafting period
Daytime mean daily temperature 15 DEG C, the scale of buddering of scion starts to reveal green, and this, stock had begun to rudiment in period, the one-tenth of grafting
Motility rate is the highest.
Analyzed by accompanying drawing 4, with positive rich sweet persimmon for examination material, three kinds of distinct methods, under condition of different temperatures, its grafting survival
There is significant difference in rate.During temperature 15 DEG C, this method, cleft grafting, the graft survival rate of plate budding be respectively 97.62%, 93.51%,
84.68%, the most relatively improve 15.28%, 11.67%, 16.53% during temperature 10 DEG C, main cause is that temperature is too low, and scion is buddered
The time of thin film endoperidium is long, and the tanning matter of wound runs into oxygen and oxidized, causes blackout to be rotted；Temperature 20 DEG C
Time graft survival rate minimum, main cause is that buddering of now scion has begun to expand sprouting, and stock has begun to come into leaves, transfers
Interface healing more difficulty.
(4) grafting concrete operation method
Stock processes sees accompanying drawing 1.Fructus Dispyroris Loti stock blocks at distance ground 10-15cm secateurs, scabbles section, selects smooth flat
Straight side, at distance section about 1.0cm with the oblique partial application in inclination angle of 45 °, as deep as the xylem 1/4～1/3 of stock；Disconnected
Cutter downward rip cutting about 1.0cm at the 1/4～1/3 of stock section, with the oblique partial application in inclination angle of 30 °, is then used in edge, face, with
The crosscutting edge of a knife connects, and removes the stock of excision, forms " the wedge mouth " of 1 45 °.
Scion processes sees accompanying drawing 2.Simple bud is stayed in scion, in the side that the side of bud is concordant with the leaf scar buddered, is whittled into and is about
The long bevel of 1.0cm, slightly band xylem；At the leaf scar bottom 1.2cm that budders, relative with long bevel, cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 °
Block the scion of sprout bottom, then cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° at 0.5cm directly over buddering and block top scion of buddering, cut
Basifacial is concordant with sprout bottom.
Anvil fringe engages sees accompanying drawing 3.The long bevel buddered is close to the longitudinal section of stock, is downwardly into " the wedge mouth " of stock,
Cambium layer to its side, scion long bevel top and oblique section top is exposed independent from a little cortex, is close in accomplishing, side to it,
Expose skin, quickly the most tight with plastic sheeting bondage.
Accompanying drawing 3 additionally provides grafting thin film and bondage method.Select the polyethylene film of 0.01mm, be cut into wide 1.5cm, length
30 cm～the tape of 40 cm, tie up otch and the place that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally sternly the most from bottom to top with monofilm, and bondage notes stock of obturaging
Section and the section on top of buddering, it is to avoid cause stock and the withered death of dehydration of buddering, expose simultaneously and budder, in order to avoid wound of buddering
Mouth tannin oxidizing blackening causes sprout to rot.
In grafting procedures, grafting tool is sharp including secateurs, grafting knife requirement, it is ensured that the cross section of stock and scion and cutting
Face smooths, and emphasizes " short, flat, fast, accurate ", reduce the wound aerial holdup time as far as possible during operation, interface wrapping during bondage
Tightly, do not seep water gas leakage.
Analyzed by accompanying drawing 5, with positive rich sweet persimmon for examination material, the thin film bondage method of the present invention, and bondage be expose sprout with
Time stock and scion section obturage, its graft survival rate is the highest, arrive 97.62%, the most relatively sprout+stock and scion section envelope
Sternly, sprout+stock and scion section is exposed, sprout is obturaged+stock and the exposed three kinds of methods of scion section exceed 4.04%,
26.57%, 29.13%, main cause is stock and scion dehydration, causes drying up.
(5) management of seedling after grafting
The young sprout trophophase sprouted of buddering subjects to the harm of the leafeating insects such as Hypocala moorei, Limacodidae, caterpillar, chafer, especially
It is Hypocala moorei larval feeding terminal bud and tender leaf, and terminal bud rate of being injured, up to more than 90%, has a strong impact on seedling growth；Mountain area
And nursery, knob is also subject to the harm of chafer, its imago feeding spire, causes blade to incise impaired, the most surplus leaf
Arteries and veins, chafer is explosive strong, should check preventing and treating at any time, if being injured occurs in the blade of 5%, should select 20% Fenpropathrin in time
EC2000 times or 50% phoxim EC1500 times, to Herb blade spraying 1～2 times.
During the growth of seedling of nursery, under the conditions of high temperature and humidity, anthracnose of kaki morbidity is the most serious.Produce on petiole or vein
1～2 little scab of black, circular or strip, petiole easily fractures at scab, causes fallen leaves.Young sprout catch an illness initially occur black
Color roundlet speckle, after expand as that brown is oval or irregular shape, medial recess, lobe, scab is about 10-20mm, when scab is many
Often being linked to be irregular strip block, its internal xylem blackening is withered, easily fractures, death of seedling time serious.4-5 month is sent out
At the sick initial stage, select protectiveness medicament to prevent and treat, can be selected for 1:5:400 Bordeaux mixture, 80% the most raw M-45WP600 times spray 1～
2 times.
To near grafting mouth and the coppice spout branch of bottom stock, should erase in time, every 10～15 days once.Note during fertilising
Meaning is had many meals but little food at eath, and every mu imposes carbamide or compound fertilizer 15kg, even executes 2～3 times, every minor tick 20～30 days, foliage-spray simultaneously
0.3% carbamide 1～2 times.During the hydropenia of nursery, should pour water in time.
Being analyzed by table 1, with positive rich sweet persimmon for examination material, this method graft survival rate is the highest, and the most relatively cleft grafting, plate budding improve
4.11%, 12.94%, the rugosity of the distance ground 10cm of nursery stock reaches 1.27cm, the most relatively cleft grafting, plate budding improve 2.42%,
33.68%, seedling height reaches 152cm, and the most relatively cleft grafting, plate budding improve 9.35%, 43.40%, and the outplanting rate of nursery stock is the most relatively
Cleft grafting, plate budding improve 11.73%, 24.76%, and the actually used resultant effect of this method is better than cleft grafting and plate budding.
The grafting mouth healing of the inventive method is high, effectively alleviates during sweet persimmon nursery produces owing to anvil fringe affinity is weak
Causing the problem that seedling growth gesture is weak, survival rate is low, nursery stock interface smooth, grafting mouth ratio that is cracking and that expand is only
2.86%, respectively lower than cleft graft, plate budding 8.10%, 20.23%.
Table 1: different grafting methods is processed into the growth potential/positive rich sweet persimmon of motility rate and nursery stock
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to understand that
These embodiments can be carried out multiple change without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, revise, replace and become
Type, the scope of the present invention be defined by the appended.
Claims (6)
1. for a sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference, comprise the following steps: (1) stock is cultivated；(2) the adopting of scion
Collection and process；(3) grafting period and operational approach；(4) management of seedling after grafting, it is characterised in that: described step (3) grafting
Concrete operations processing method as follows:
Stock processes: stock is blocking at distance ground 10-15cm secateurs, scabbles section, selects smooth straight side, away from
From section about 1.0cm with the oblique partial application in inclination angle of 45 °, as deep as the xylem 1/4～1/3 of stock；At section edge with 30 °
The oblique partial application in inclination angle, then with cutter downward rip cutting about 1.0cm at the 1/4～1/3 of stock section, with crosscutting edge of a knife phase
Connect, remove the stock of excision, form " the wedge mouth " of 1 45 °；
Scion processes: simple bud is stayed in scion, in the side that the side of bud is concordant with the leaf scar buddered, is whittled into and is about the length of 1.0cm and cuts
Face, slightly band xylem；At the leaf scar bottom 1.2cm that budders, relative with long bevel, cut sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° and block under sprout
Portion's scion, then cuts sth. askew with the inclination angle of 45 ° at 0.5cm directly over buddering and blocks top scion of buddering, bottom, cross section and bud
Body bottom is concordant；
Anvil fringe engages: the long bevel buddered is close to the longitudinal section of stock, is downwardly into " the wedge mouth " of stock, the shape to its side
Stratification, scion long bevel top and oblique section top is exposed independent from a little cortex, is close in accomplishing, aliging in side, exposes skin, the soonest
Speed plastic sheeting bondage is tight；
Grafting thin film and bondage: select the polyethylene film of 0.01mm, be cut into wide 1.5cm, long 30 cm～the tape of 40 cm, with
Otch and the place that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally are tied up sternly by monofilm the most from bottom to top, and bondage notes obturaging the disconnected of stock section and top of buddering
Face, it is to avoid cause stock and the withered death of dehydration of buddering, expose simultaneously and budder, in order to avoid wound tannin oxidizing blackening of buddering causes bud
Body rots.
2. the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), anvil
Wood is Fructus Dispyroris Loti, uses conventional seed planting method for culturing seedlings, when nursery stock rugosity reaches more than 0.8cm at distance ground 10cm, transfers
Connect operation.
3. the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), connect
Fringe should gather the sprout tissue regeneration promoting tip then full, healthy and strong, that endanger without disease pest, can carry out scion collection in conjunction with winter pruning and store
Hide；At 30mg kg before scion storage-1NAA solution quickly water and dip in, be beneficial to extend storage time；Scion is imbedded in moistening
In river sand, water content with hold agglomerating, loose one's grip i.e. dissipate for degree；Scion is imbedded in river sand with the inclination angle of 60 °, and the first half exposes sand
Outward, being then filled with the river sand of thick layer about 10-15cm, such one layer of river sand of row's scion is carried out successively；Every inspection in 10～15 days
Looking into the humidity of a river sand, as turned white in sand surface, holding can not be agglomerating, notes timely moisturizing.
4. the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3), transfer
The time connect is selected in mean daily temperature on daytime 15 DEG C, and the scale of buddering of scion starts to reveal green, and this, stock had begun to rudiment in period.
5. the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3), transfer
Bonding tool selects sharp secateurs and grafting knife；Ensure that stock and the cross section of scion and bevel smooth, emphasize during operation " short, flat,
Hurry up, accurate ", reduce the wound aerial holdup time as far as possible, during bondage, interface wrapping is tight, gas leakage of not seeping water.
6. the sweet persimmon engrafting method for anvil fringe affinity difference as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4),
Leafeating insect prevent and treat: when 5% and above blade occur that leafeating insect (Hypocala moorei, Limacodidae, caterpillar, chafer) is subject to
During evil, select in time 20% Fenpropathrin EC2000 times or 50% phoxim EC1500 times, to Herb blade spraying 1～2 times；
Anthracnose of kaki is prevented and treated: 4～their early stage in May, selects protectiveness medicament to prevent and treat, can be selected for 1:5:400 Bordeaux
Liquid, 80% life M-45WP600 times greatly are sprayed 1～2 time；
To near grafting mouth and the coppice spout branch of bottom stock, should erase in time, every 10～15 days once；
Noting during fertilising having many meals but little food at eath, every mu imposes carbamide or compound fertilizer 15kg, even executes 2～3 times, every minor tick 20～30 days,
Foliage-spray 0.3% carbamide 1～2 times simultaneously, during the hydropenia of nursery, should pour water in time.
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| CN106982823A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-28 | 薛军宏 | The new-type method for preserving of fruit persimmon tree scion |
| CN107836232A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 建始绮丽果业有限责任公司 | A kind of live garden building method of sweet tea persimmon |
| CN108243754A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-06 | 金华市飞凌生物科技有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of persimmon tree |
| CN111802103A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-23 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Utilization method for broken roots of fruit tree seedlings |
| CN114303669A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Method for shortening childhood and childhood period of persimmon seedlings |
| CN116439026A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-07-18 | 云南润桦农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of fruit trees |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106982823A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-28 | 薛军宏 | The new-type method for preserving of fruit persimmon tree scion |
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| CN111802103A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-23 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Utilization method for broken roots of fruit tree seedlings |
| CN114303669A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Method for shortening childhood and childhood period of persimmon seedlings |
| CN116439026A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-07-18 | 云南润桦农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of fruit trees |
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| CN106069221B (en) | 2019-06-07 |
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Application publication date: 20161109 Assignee: Wuhan Huatuo Breeding and Breeding Professional Cooperative Assignor: INSTITUTE OF FRUIT AND TEA, HUBEI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2022420000085 Denomination of invention: A kind of grafting method for sweet persimmon with poor stock and ear affinity Granted publication date: 20190607 License type: Common License Record date: 20220908 |
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