CN106030696B - 用于个人音频设备中对抗噪进行频带限制的系统及方法 - Google Patents

用于个人音频设备中对抗噪进行频带限制的系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN106030696B
CN106030696B CN201480075299.5A CN201480075299A CN106030696B CN 106030696 B CN106030696 B CN 106030696B CN 201480075299 A CN201480075299 A CN 201480075299A CN 106030696 B CN106030696 B CN 106030696B
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杰弗里·D·奥尔德森
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    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种方法，该方法可包括：通过利用自适应滤波器对参考麦克风信号进行滤波，自适应生成抗噪信号，将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致。该方法还可包括：通过将注入噪声与参考麦克风信号进行组合，调整自适应滤波器的响应，并通过自适应滤波器的副本接收注入噪声，使得自适应滤波器的副本的响应受自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消周围音频声音和注入噪声的组合。该方法还可包括：利用在自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的系数来控制自适应滤波器的响应，藉此注入噪声不存在抗噪信号中，以及其中自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率和自适应滤波器的调整速率各自明显小于自适应滤波器的采样速率。

Description

用于个人音频设备中对抗噪进行频带限制的系统及方法
相关申请
本公开主张2013年12月10日提交的美国专利申请序列号 14/101,955的优先权，其全部内容以引用方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开大体上涉及与声换能器有关的自适应消噪，更特定地，涉及在具有自适应消噪的个人音频设备中对抗噪信号进行频带限制。
背景技术
个人音频设备(诸如移动电话/蜂窝式电话、无绳电话)及其他消费类音频设备(诸如MP3播放器和耳机或耳塞)被广泛应用。使用麦克风来测量周围声事件，然后使用信号处理将抗噪信号注入至设备输出中以消除周围声事件，通过设置消噪，此类设备的性能就清晰度而论可得到改良。因为根据存在的噪声源及设备本身的位置，在个人音频设备(诸如无线电话)周围的声环境可以发生很大变化，所以期望调整消噪以考虑此类环境变化。然而，自适应消噪电路可能很复杂，消耗额外功率，并且在某些情况下可能产生不良后果。
因此，人们希望提供一种个人音频设备，该个人音频设备包括无线电话，该个人音频设备在可变声环境下提供消噪。
发明内容
根据本公开的教示，可减少或消除与改良个人音频设备的音频性能相关联的缺点和问题。
根据本公开的实施例，一种用于实现个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路可包括输出、参考麦克风输入、误差麦克风输入和处理电路。输出可提供信号给换能器，该信号既包括回放给收听者的源音频信号又包括抗噪信号，该抗噪信号用于应对在换能器的声输出中的周围音频声音的影响。参考麦克风输入可接收表示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。误差麦克风输入可接收表示换能器的声输出和在换能器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。处理电路可实现自适应滤波器，该自适应滤波器具有响应，该自适应滤波器根据参考麦克风信号生成抗噪信号以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在。处理电路可通过调整自适应滤波器的响应，将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小误差麦克风处的周围音频声音。独立于该调整，通过将注入噪声与参考麦克风信号进行组合，可进一步调整自适应滤波器的响应，且处理电路还实现自适应滤波器的副本，以接收注入噪声，使得自适应滤波器的副本的响应受自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消周围音频声音和注入噪声的组合。处理电路还可利用在自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的系数来控制自适应滤波器的响应，藉此注入噪声不存在抗噪信号中。自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率和自适应滤波器的调整速率各自可能明显小于自适应滤波器的采样速率。
根据本公开的这些和其他实施例，一种用于实现个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路可包括输出、参考麦克风输入、误差麦克风输入和处理电路。输出可提供信号给换能器，该信号既包括回放给收听者的源音频信号又包括抗噪信号，该抗噪信号用于应对在换能器的声输出中的周围音频声音的影响。参考麦克风输入可接收表示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。误差麦克风输入可接收表示换能器的声输出和在换能器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。处理电路可实现自适应滤波器，该自适应滤波器具有响应，该自适应滤波器根据参考麦克风信号生成抗噪信号以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在。处理电路可通过调整自适应滤波器的响应，将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小误差麦克风处的周围音频声音。独立于该调整，通过将注入噪声与参考麦克风信号进行组合，可进一步调整自适应滤波器的响应，且处理电路还可实现自适应滤波器的副本，以接收注入噪声，使得自适应滤波器的副本的响应受自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消周围音频声音和注入噪声的组合。处理电路还可利用在自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的系数来控制自适应滤波器的响应，藉此注入噪声不存在抗噪信号中。注入噪声可由存储在缓冲器中的周期性整形噪声信号提供，使得自适应滤波器的副本根据周期性整形噪声信号生成周期性误差噪声信号，还使得处理电路将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及周期性整形噪声信号和参考麦克风信号的组合一致。
根据本公开的这些和其他实施例，一种方法可包括：接收表示在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，并接收表示换能器的声输出和在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。该方法还可包括：通过利用自适应滤波器对参考麦克风信号进行滤波，生成抗噪信号，以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，并通过调整自适应滤波器的响应，将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小误差麦克风处的周围音频声音。该方法还可包括：通过将注入噪声与参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整自适应滤波器的响应，并通过自适应滤波器的副本接收注入噪声，使得自适应滤波器的副本的响应受自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消周围音频声音和注入噪声的组合。该方法还可包括利用在自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的系数来控制自适应滤波器的响应，藉此注入噪声不存在抗噪信号中，以及其中自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率和自适应滤波器的调整速率各自可能明显小于自适应滤波器的采样速率。
根据本公开的这些和其他实施例，一种方法可包括：接收表示在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，并接收表示换能器的声输出和在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。该方法还可包括：通过利用自适应滤波器对参考麦克风信号进行滤波，生成抗噪信号，以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，并通过将注入噪声与参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整自适应滤波器的响应。该方法还可包括：通过自适应滤波器的副本接收注入噪声，使得自适应滤波器的副本的响应受自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消周围音频声音和注入噪声的组合，并利用在自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的系数来控制自适应滤波器的响应，藉此注入噪声不存在抗噪信号中且由存储在缓冲器中的周期性整形噪声信号提供，使得自适应滤波器的副本根据周期性整形噪声信号生成周期性误差噪声信号。该方法还可包括将自适应滤波器的响应整形成与误差麦克风信号和周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及周期性整形噪声信号和参考麦克风信号的组合一致。
本公开的技术优势对于本领域普通技术人员而言从本文中所包括的附图、说明书和权利要求书可以显而易见。实施例的目的和优点将至少通过在权利要求中特别指出的元件、功能及组合来实现和完成。
应当理解，前述大致说明和以下详细说明都为举例说明，且不限制本公开中所提出的权利要求。
附图说明
通过结合附图参考以下说明，可更完整地理解本实施例及其优点，其中相同附图标记表示相同功能，以及其中：
图1A示出了根据本公开的实施例的示范性个人音频设备；
图1B示出了根据本公开的实施例的示范性个人音频设备，耳机总成耦接至该个人音频设备；
图2为在图1所示根据本公开的实施例的个人音频设备内的选定电路的方块图；
图3A为方块图，示出了在图2中根据本公开的实施例的编码解码器(CODEC)集成电路的示范性自适应消噪(ANC)电路内的选定信号处理电路和功能方块；
图3B为方块图，示出了在图2中根据本公开的实施例的CODEC 集成电路的另一个示范性ANC电路内的选定信号处理电路和功能方块；以及
图3C为方块图，示出了在图2中根据本公开的实施例的CODEC 集成电路的又一个示范性ANC电路内的选定信号处理电路和功能方块。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1A，如根据本公开的实施例所示的个人音频设备10 被示出为靠近人耳5。个人音频设备10为可采用根据本发明的实施例的技术的设备实例，但应当理解，在所示个人音频设备10中或在后续插图中所示的电路中呈现的元件或构造并非全部需要，以便实施在权利要求中陈述的本发明。个人音频设备10可包括换能器，诸如喇叭SPKR，该换能器再现由个人音频设备10接收的远距离语音，连同其他本地音频事件，诸如铃声、所存储的音频节目资料、注入以提供平衡会话感觉的近端语音(即，个人音频设备10的用户的语音)，以及需要通过个人音频设备10再现的其他音频(诸如网页源或由个人音频设备10接收的其他网络通信)及音频指示(诸如电池电量低指示及其他系统事件通知)。近距离语音麦克风NS可被设置为捕捉近端语音，该近端语音从个人音频设备10发送给另一个(多个)会话参与者。
个人音频设备10可包括自适应消噪(ANC)电路和功能，所述 ANC电路和功能将抗噪信号注入至喇叭SPKR中，以改良远距离语音及由喇叭SPKR再现的其他音频的清晰度。参考麦克风R可被设置用于测量周围声环境，且可被定位成远离用户嘴巴的典型位置，使得近端语音可在通过参考麦克风R产生的信号中被最小化。另一个麦克风，误差麦克风E，可被设置为当个人音频设备10紧靠耳朵5 时，通过测量周围音频连同由最接近耳朵5的喇叭SPKR再现的音频，进一步改良ANC操作。在个人音频设备10内的电路14可包括：音频CODEC集成电路(IC)20，该音频CODEC集成电路20接收来自参考麦克风R、近距离语音麦克风NS和误差麦克风E的信号；及与其他集成电路的接口，诸如具有无线电话收发器的射频(RF)集成电路12。在本公开的一些实施例中，本文中所公开的电路和技术可并入单个集成电路中，该单个集成电路包括控制电路及用于实现整个个人音频设备的其他功能，诸如MP3播放器单芯片集成电路。在这些和其他实施例中，本文中所公开的电路和技术可部分地或完全地以软件和/或固件实现，所述软件和/或固件具体表现为计算机可读介质且可由控制器或其他处理设备执行。
通常，本公开的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R上的周围声事件(相对于喇叭SPKR的输出和/或近端语音)，且通过还测量撞击在误差麦克风E上的相同周围声事件，个人音频设备10的ANC处理电路调整在喇叭SPKR的输出处根据参考麦克风R的输出生成的抗噪信号以具有使在误差麦克风E处的周围声事件的振幅最小化的特性。因为声路径P(z)从参考麦克风R延伸到误差麦克风E，所以ANC 电路在消除电声路径S(z)的影响的同时有效地估计声路径P(z)，该电声路径S(z)表示CODEC集成电路20的音频输出电路的响应及喇叭 SPKR的声/电传递函数，包括在特定声环境下在喇叭SPKR与误差麦克风E之间的耦合，当个人音频设备10未紧贴着耳朵5时，所述耦合可能受到耳朵5的靠近及结构以及可靠近个人音频设备10的其他物理对象和人头结构影响。虽然所示个人音频设备10包括具有第三近距离语音麦克风NS的双麦克风ANC系统，但是本发明的一些方面可在未包括单独误差麦克风和参考麦克风的系统中或在使用近距离语音麦克风NS来执行参考麦克风R的功能的无线电话中实施。此外，在仅为音频回放而设计的个人音频设备中，通常不会包括近距离语音麦克风NS，且在不更改本公开的范围的情况下，在下文更详细说明的电路中的近距离语音信号路径可以省略，绝不是使为输入而设的选项限于麦克风覆盖范围检测方案。此外，虽然图1中只示出了一个参考麦克风R，但是在不更改本公开的范围的情况下，本文中所公开的电路和技术可适合于包括多个参考麦克风的个人音频设备。
现在参考图1B，个人音频设备10被示出为具有耳机总成13，该耳机总成13经由音频孔15耦接至个人音频设备10。音频孔15可以通信方式耦接至RF集成电路12和/或CODEC集成电路20，从而允许在耳机总成13的部件与RF集成电路12和/或CODEC集成电路 20中的一个或更多个集成电路之间进行通信。如图1B所示，耳机总成13可包括线控盒16、左耳机18A和右耳机18B。如在本公开中使用，术语“耳机”广义上包括旨在以机械方式固定成靠近收听者的耳朵或耳道的任何扬声器及其关联结构，且包括但不限于耳机、耳塞及其他类似设备。作为更特定非限制性实例，“耳机”可能是指内耳道式耳机、内耳甲式耳机、外耳甲式耳机和外耳式耳机。
除了或代替个人音频设备10的近距离语音麦克风NS，线控盒 16或耳机总成13的另一个部分可具有近距离语音麦克风NS以捕捉近端语音。此外，各耳机18A，18B可包括换能器，诸如喇叭SPKR，该换能器再现由个人音频设备10接收的远距离语音，连同其他本地音频事件，诸如铃声、所存储的音频节目材料、注入以提供平衡会话感觉的近端语音(即，个人音频设备10的用户的语音)，以及需要通过个人音频设备10再现的其他音频(诸如网页源或由个人音频设备 10接收的其他网络通信)及音频指示(诸如电池电量低指示及其他系统事件通知)。各耳机18A，18B可包括：参考麦克风R，用于测量周围声环境；和误差麦克风E，当这种耳机18A，18B与收听者的耳朵接合时，用于测量周围音频连同由最接近收听者耳朵的喇叭SPKR再现的音频。在一些实施例中，CODEC集成电路20可接收来自各耳机的参考麦克风R、近距离语音麦克风NS和误差麦克风E的信号，并对各耳机进行自适应消噪，如本文中所述。在其他实施例中， CODEC集成电路或另一个电路可存在耳机总成13内，以通信方式耦接至参考麦克风R、近距离语音麦克风NS和误差麦克风E，并被构造为进行自适应消噪，如本文中所述。
本公开中引用的各种麦克风，包括参考麦克风、误差麦克风和近距离语音麦克风，可包括构造为将在这种麦克风处的声音事件转换为可由控制器处理的电信号的任何系统、设备或装置，且可包括但不限于静电式麦克风、电容式麦克风、驻极体麦克风、模拟微机电系统 (MEMS)麦克风、数字MEMS麦克风、压电式麦克风、压电陶瓷式麦克风或动态麦克风。
现在参考图2，在个人音频设备10内的选定电路如方块图所示，在其他实施例中，所述选定电路可全部地或部分地放置于其他位置中，诸如一个或更多个耳机总成13。CODEC集成电路20可包括：模拟-数字转换器(ADC)21A，用于接收参考麦克风信号并生成参考麦克风信号的数字表示ref；ADC 21B，用于接收误差麦克风信号并生成误差麦克风信号的数字表示err；和ADC 21C，用于接收近距离语音麦克风信号并生成近距离语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns。 CODEC集成电路20可根据放大器A1生成输出，用于驱动喇叭 SPKR，该放大器A1可对数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23的输出进行放大，该数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23接收组合器26的输出。组合器 26可将来自音频信号ia(来自内部音频源24)和/或可从射频(RF) 集成电路22接收的下行链路语音ds的源音频信号、通过ANC电路 30生成的抗噪信号(通过转换，该抗噪信号具有与参考麦克风信号 ref中的噪声相同的极性且因此通过组合器26被减去)以及近距离语音麦克风信号ns的一部分进行组合，使得个人音频设备10的用户可听到他或她自己与下行链路语音ds相关的声音。近距离语音麦克风信号ns还可被提供给RF集成电路22并可作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT发送给服务提供商。
现在参考图3A，根据本公开的实施例，示出了ANC电路30A 的细节。自适应滤波器32可接收参考麦克风信号ref，且在理想情况下，可调整其传递函数W(z)为P(z)/S(z)以生成抗噪信号，该抗噪信号可被提供给输出组合器，该输出组合器将抗噪信号与将由换能器(以图2组合器26举例说明)再现的音频进行组合。自适应滤波器32的系数可由W系数控制方块31控制，该W系数控制方块31使用信号的相关性来判定自适应滤波器32的响应，该自适应滤波器32就最小均方意义来说通常使存在误差麦克风信号err中的参考麦克风信号ref 的这些分量之间的误差最小化。通过W系数控制方块31比较的信号可为噪声改进的参考麦克风信号和噪声改进的回放校正误差。噪声改进的参考麦克风信号可包括参考麦克风信号ref，该参考麦克风信号 ref通过由滤波器34B提供的路径S(z)的响应的估计的副本进行整形，且该参考麦克风信号ref与噪声信号n(z)(也如下文更详细说明)一起通过抽取器38A(根据下文进一步说明)进行抽取。如下文更详细说明，可生成噪声改进的回放校正误差。滤波器34B本身可能不是自适应滤波器，但可具有可调节响应，该可调节响应被调谐为与下文所述的自适应滤波器34A的响应相匹配，使得滤波器34B的响应跟踪自适应滤波器34A的调整。
通过利用滤波器34B的路径S(z)的响应的估计的副本(响应 SECOPY(z))来变换参考麦克风信号ref，并使所得噪声改进的参考麦克风信号与基于误差麦克风信号err的噪声改进的回放校正误差之间的差最小化，自适应滤波器32可适应P(z)/S(z)的期望响应。通过W系数控制方块31与噪声改进的参考麦克风信号比较的噪声改进的回放校正误差信号可由回放校正误差(图3 A 中标记为“PBCE”)得来，该回放校正误差可能等于与已经通过滤波器34A的滤波器响应SE(z)进行处理的反相量源音频信号(例如，下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia)组合(例如，通过组合器36)的误差麦克风信号err，响应SECOPY(z)为响应SE(z)的副本。通过注入反相量源音频信号，可防止自适应滤波器32适应存在误差麦克风信号err中的大量源音频信号。然而，因为S(z)的电声路径为源音频信号到达误差麦克风E所选取的路径，所以通过利用路径S(z)的响应的估计来变换源音频信号的反相副本，源音频应当与在误差麦克风信号err处再现的源音频信号的预期形式相匹配，该源音频从误差麦克风信号err中去除以生成回放校正误差。
为了实现以上所述，自适应滤波器34A可具有由SE系数控制方块33控制的系数，该SE系数控制方块33可比较源音频信号和回放校正误差。SE系数控制方块33可使实际源音频信号与存在误差麦克风信号err中的源音频信号的分量相关。自适应滤波器34A可由此根据源音频信号自适应生成次级估计信号，当从误差麦克风信号err中减去以生成回放校正误差时，该次级估计信号包括误差麦克风信号 err中未归因于源音频信号的含量。
如上所述，ANC电路30A可使用噪声发生器37来注入噪声信号 n(z)，该噪声信号n(z)可被供给由自适应滤波器32C提供的自适应滤波器32的响应W(z)的副本WCOPY(z)。组合器36B可将噪声信号n(z) 加到提供给W系数控制方块31的自适应滤波器34B的输出。通过滤波器32C进行整形的噪声信号n(z)可通过组合器36C从组合器36的输出中减去，使得噪声信号n(z)被不对称地加到W系数控制方块31 的相关输入，因此，通过将噪声信号n(z)完全相关地注入到W系数控制方块31的各相关输入，可偏置自适应滤波器32的响应W(z)。因为经由通过组合器36C对在滤波器32C的输出处的已滤波噪声进行组合，注入噪声直接出现在W系数控制方块31的参考输入处，不出现在误差麦克风信号err中，且只出现在W系数控制方块31的其他输入处，所以W系数控制方块31可调整W(z)以衰减存在噪声信号n(z) 中的频率。噪声信号n(z)的该含量可能不出现在抗噪信号中，只出现在自适应滤波器32的响应W(z)中，这可能使在噪声信号n(z)具有能量的频率/频带处振幅减小。例如，如果在1kHz附近减小响应W(z)，那么噪声信号n(z)可被生成为具有在1kHz处具有能量的频谱，这会使W系数控制方块31在1kHz处减小自适应滤波器32的增益，以试图抵消归因于注入噪声信号n(z)的周围声音的视在源。
噪声信号n(z)、滤波器32C和W系数控制方块31的实现可能需要相当数量的处理资源，尤其是此类元件在与滤波器32的响应W(z)相同的带宽处进行操作，因此，这种注入噪声的增加和处理可能以显著增加生产个人音频设备(包括这种ANC电路30A)的费用为代价。这种处理复杂性及相关费用可通过抽取器38A的实现而减少，该抽取器38A可在其通过组合器36B与噪声信号n(z)组合之前对参考麦克风信号ref进行抽取。同样地，抽取器38B可在其与通过滤波器32C 进行滤波的噪声信号n(z)组合之前对回放校正误差进行抽取。由于存在抽取器38A和38B，所以滤波器32C的采样速率和自适应滤波器 32的调整速率(由W系数控制方块31控制)各自可能明显小于自适应滤波器的采样速率(例如，至少一个数量级或更小)。例如，在一些实施例中，滤波器32可以1.5MHz的速率采样，同时噪声发生器37、W系数控制方块31和滤波器32C可以48kHz的速率操作。现在参考图3B，根据本公开的替代性实施例，示出了另一个ANC电路30B的细节，该ANC电路30B可被用来实现图2中的ANC电路 30。ANC电路30B与图3A中的ANC电路30A相似，因此，下面将只说明它们之间的差异。在ANC电路30B中，噪声信号n(z)可被连续地注入至组合器36B中，但可能只在组合器36C处周期性地添加。因此，开关40或其他合适部件可被添加为使得每N个样本一次地添加来自滤波器32C的已滤波噪声。N可包括任何合适的整数(例如， 2至16)。此外，乘法器42可被添加到已滤波噪声的路径，使得每N 个样本添加的噪声被乘以N，使得在W系数控制方块31处接收的噪声改进的回放校正误差为注入至噪声改进的参考麦克风信号中的未滤波噪声的合理估计。因此，除上文参考ANC电路30A所述之外，滤波器32C的采样速率可进一步显著减少(例如，2倍或更多)。例如，在一些实施例中，滤波器32可以1.5MHz的速率采样，同时噪声发生器37和W系数控制方块31可以48kHz的速率操作，以及滤波器32C可以48kHz/N的速率操作。
现在参考图3C，根据本公开的替代性实施例，示出了另一个ANC 电路30C的细节，该ANC电路30C可被用来实现图2中的ANC电路30。ANC电路30C与图3A中的ANC电路30A相似，因此，下面将只说明它们之间的差异。在ANC电路30C中，经整形噪声本身可存储在噪声缓冲器37B中，而不是通过噪声发生器37生成噪声并对它进行滤波。在一些实施例中，例如，通过以多点快速傅立叶变换取信号的幅度和相位响应，并将响应的快速傅立叶反变换存储在噪声缓冲器37B中，经整形噪声可被制成周期性。假设滤波器32C的响应W(z)未变化，因为滤波器32C在一些实施例中为缓慢变化的有限脉冲响应滤波器，所以由噪声缓冲器37B输出的周期性经整形噪声信号可通过滤波器32C进行滤波，导致由滤波器32C输出并存储在误差缓冲器44中的周期性误差噪声信号。这种周期性误差噪声信号可通过组合器36C从抽取的回放校正误差中减去，以生成施加于W系数控制方块31的噪声改进的回放校正误差。ANC电路30C可不时地重新计算周期性误差噪声信号并将重新计算的周期性误差噪声信号存储在误差缓冲器44中。例如，在一些实施例中，响应于滤波器32C 的响应WCOPY(z)的重大变化，ANC电路30C可重新计算周期性误差噪声信号并将重新计算的周期性误差噪声信号存储在误差缓冲器44 中。在这些和其他实施例中，ANC电路30C可以小于滤波器32C的采样速率的周期性时间间隔(例如，每隔100毫秒)重新计算周期性误差噪声信号并将重新计算的周期性误差噪声信号存储在误差缓冲器44中。
本领域普通技术人员应当明白，本公开包括对本文中示范性实施例的所有改变、替代、变形、更改和修改。同样地，本领域普通技术人员应当明白，在适当的情况下，所附权利要求包括对本文中示范性实施例的所有改变、替代、变形、更改和修改。此外，所附权利要求中对装置或系统或装置或系统的部件的提及包括该装置、系统或部件，该装置、系统或部件适应执行特定功能，被布置为执行特定功能，可执行特定功能，被构造为执行特定功能，能够执行特定功能，可操作为执行特定功能或操作为执行特定功能，无论它或该特定功能是否启动、打开或开启，只要该装置、系统或部件适应执行特定功能，被布置为执行特定功能，可执行特定功能，被构造为执行特定功能，能够执行特定功能，可操作为执行特定功能或操作为执行特定功能。
本文中陈述的所有实例和条件性语言旨在教学目的，以帮助读者理解本发明及发明者深化技术所提供的概念，且被解释为并不限于这些具体陈述的实例和条件。虽然已经对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是应当理解，在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可对本发明的实施例进行各种改变、替代和更改。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于实现个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路：该集成电路包括：
输出，用于提供信号给换能器，该信号既包括回放给收听者的源音频信号又包括抗噪信号，该抗噪信号用于应对在所述换能器的声输出中的周围音频声音的影响；
参考麦克风输入，用于接收表示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
误差麦克风输入，用于接收表示所述换能器的声输出和在所述换能器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；和
处理电路，该处理电路实现自适应滤波器，该自适应滤波器具有响应，该自适应滤波器根据所述参考麦克风信号生成抗噪信号以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，其中：
所述处理电路通过调整所述自适应滤波器的响应，将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和所述参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小所述误差麦克风处的周围音频声音；
独立于所述调整，通过将注入噪声与所述参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整所述自适应滤波器的响应，且所述处理电路还实现所述自适应滤波器的副本，以接收所述注入噪声，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本的响应受所述自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消所述周围音频声音和所述注入噪声的组合；
所述处理电路还利用在所述自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的所述自适应滤波器的系数来控制所述自适应滤波器的响应，藉此所述注入噪声不存在所述抗噪信号中；并且
所述处理电路被配置为每N个样本仅一次添加所述自适应滤波器的副本的输出，其中N为整数，或者所述处理电路被配置成响应于自适应滤波器的响应中的预定改变或以周期间隔重新计算自适应滤波器的副本的输出并将其存储在误差缓冲器中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路还实现第一抽取器和第二抽取器，该第一抽取器用于将所述参考麦克风信号抽取为所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率，该第二抽取器用于将所述误差麦克风信号抽取为所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率，使得所述处理电路将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与抽取的误差麦克风信号和抽取的参考麦克风信号一致。
3.根据权利要求1所述的集成电路，其中所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率小于所述自适应滤波器的调整速率。
4.根据权利要求3所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与将所述参考麦克风信号与所述注入噪声进行组合的第一信号和包括所述误差麦克风信号连同通过所述自适应滤波器的副本进行滤波的所述注入噪声的周期性样本的第二信号一致。
5.根据权利要求1所述的集成电路，其中所述自适应滤波器的响应在所述注入噪声的频率范围内的频率区域中减少。
6.一种用于实现个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路，该集成电路包括：
输出，用于提供信号给换能器，该信号既包括回放给收听者的源音频信号又包括抗噪信号，该抗噪信号用于应对在所述换能器的声输出中的周围音频声音的影响；
参考麦克风输入，用于接收表示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
误差麦克风输入，用于接收表示所述换能器的声输出和在所述换能器处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；和
处理电路，该处理电路实现自适应滤波器，该自适应滤波器具有响应，该自适应滤波器根据所述参考麦克风信号生成抗噪信号以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，其中：
所述处理电路通过调整所述自适应滤波器的响应，将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和所述参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小所述误差麦克风处的周围音频声音；
独立于所述调整，通过将注入噪声与所述参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整所述自适应滤波器的响应，且所述处理电路还实现所述自适应滤波器的副本，以接收所述注入噪声，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本的响应受所述自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消所述周围音频声音和所述注入噪声的组合；
所述处理电路还利用在所述自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的所述自适应滤波器的系数来控制所述自适应滤波器的响应，藉此所述注入噪声不存在所述抗噪信号中；
所述处理电路被配置为每N个样本仅一次添加所述自适应滤波器的副本的输出，其中N为整数，或者所述处理电路被配置成响应于自适应滤波器的响应中的预定改变或以周期间隔重新计算自适应滤波器的副本的输出并将其存储在误差缓冲器中；以及
所述注入噪声由存储在缓冲器中的周期性整形噪声信号提供，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本根据所述周期性整形噪声信号生成周期性误差噪声信号，还使得所述处理电路将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和所述周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及所述周期性整形噪声信号和所述参考麦克风信号的组合一致。
7.根据权利要求6所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路将所述周期性误差噪声信号存储在第二缓冲器中，使得所述处理电路将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和存储在所述缓冲器中的所述周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及所述周期性整形噪声信号和所述参考麦克风信号的组合一致。
8.根据权利要求7所述的集成电路，其中响应于所述自适应滤波器的响应的重大变化，所述处理电路利用所述周期性误差噪声信号来更新所述第二缓冲器。
9.根据权利要求7所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路以周期性时间间隔更新所述第二缓冲器，其中所述周期性时间间隔的频率小于所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率。
10.一种用于在具有自适应消噪的个人音频设备中对抗噪进行频带限制的方法，该方法包括：
接收表示在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；接收表示换能器的声输出和在所述换能器的声输出处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；
通过利用处理电路自适应滤波器对所述参考麦克风信号进行滤波，生成抗噪信号，以减少收听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，并通过调整所述自适应滤波器的响应，将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和所述参考麦克风信号一致，以尽量减小所述误差麦克风处的周围音频声音；
通过将注入噪声与所述参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整所述自适应滤波器的响应；
通过所述自适应滤波器的副本接收所述注入噪声，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本的响应受所述自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消所述周围音频声音和所述注入噪声的组合；以及
利用在所述自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的所述自适应滤波器的系数来控制所述自适应滤波器的响应，藉此所述注入噪声不存在所述抗噪信号中；
其中所述处理电路被配置为每N个样本仅一次添加所述自适应滤波器的副本的输出，其中N为整数，或者所述处理电路被配置成响应于自适应滤波器的响应中的预定改变或以周期间隔重新计算自适应滤波器的副本的输出并将其存储在误差缓冲器中。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，该方法还包括：
将所述参考麦克风信号抽取为所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率；以及
将所述误差麦克风信号抽取为所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率，使得一处理电路将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与抽取的误差麦克风信号和抽取的参考麦克风信号一致。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率小于所述自适应滤波器的调整速率。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中对所述自适应滤波器的响应进行整形包括将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与将所述参考麦克风信号与所述注入噪声进行组合的第一信号和包括所述误差麦克风信号连同通过所述自适应滤波器的副本进行滤波的所述注入噪声的周期性样本的第二信号一致。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述自适应滤波器的响应在所述注入噪声的频率范围内的频率区域中减少。
15.一种用于在具有自适应消噪的个人音频设备中对抗噪进行频带限制的方法，该方法包括：
接收表示在换能器的声输出处的周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；接收表示换能器的声输出和在所述换能器的声输出处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；
通过利用处理电路自适应滤波器对所述参考麦克风信号进行滤波，生成抗噪信号，以减少收听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在；
通过将注入噪声与所述参考麦克风信号进行组合，进一步调整所述自适应滤波器的响应；
通过所述自适应滤波器的副本接收所述注入噪声，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本的响应受所述自适应滤波器控制，该自适应滤波器自适应抵消所述周围音频声音和所述注入噪声的组合；
利用在所述自适应滤波器的副本中进行调整的所述自适应滤波器的系数来控制所述自适应滤波器的响应，藉此所述注入噪声不存在所述抗噪信号中且由存储在缓冲器中的周期性整形噪声信号提供，使得所述自适应滤波器的副本根据所述周期性整形噪声信号生成周期性误差噪声信号；以及
将所述自适应滤波器的响应整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和所述周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及所述周期性整形噪声信号和所述参考麦克风信号的组合一致；
其中所述处理电路被配置为每N个样本仅一次添加所述自适应滤波器的副本的输出，其中N为整数，或者所述处理电路被配置成响应于自适应滤波器的响应中的预定改变或以周期间隔重新计算自适应滤波器的副本的输出并将其存储在误差缓冲器中。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，该方法还包括将所述周期性误差噪声信号存储在第二缓冲器中，使得所述自适应滤波器的响应被整形成与所述误差麦克风信号和存储在所述缓冲器中的所述周期性误差噪声信号的组合以及所述周期性整形噪声信号和所述参考麦克风信号的组合一致。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，该方法还包括响应于所述自适应滤波器的响应的重大变化，利用所述周期性误差噪声信号来更新所述第二缓冲器。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法，该方法还包括以周期性时间间隔更新所述第二缓冲器，其中所述周期性时间间隔的频率小于所述自适应滤波器的副本的采样速率。
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