CN106014670B - 气缸盖 - Google Patents

气缸盖 Download PDF

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CN106014670B
CN106014670B CN201610305111.2A CN201610305111A CN106014670B CN 106014670 B CN106014670 B CN 106014670B CN 201610305111 A CN201610305111 A CN 201610305111A CN 106014670 B CN106014670 B CN 106014670B
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valve
cylinder head
prechamber
prechamber valve
spark plug
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CN106014670A (zh
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R·雅各布
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Innio Jenbacher GmbH and Co OG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C17/00—Fertilisers or seeders with centrifugal wheels
    • A01C17/006—Regulating or dosing devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
    • A01C7/10—Devices for adjusting the seed-box ; Regulation of machines for depositing quantities at intervals
    • A01C7/107—Calibration of the seed rate
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    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1023—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s)
    • F02B19/1028—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC
    • F02B19/1033—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC specially adapted valves, e.g. rotary valves, pre-combustion chamber being part of a valve
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    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
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    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F02M21/0242—Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0263—Inwardly opening single or multi nozzle valves, e.g. needle valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0269—Outwardly opening valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0281—Adapters, sockets or the like to mount injection valves onto engines; Fuel guiding passages between injectors and the air intake system or the combustion chamber
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C17/00—Fertilisers or seeders with centrifugal wheels
    • A01C17/001—Centrifugal throwing devices with a vertical axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种气缸盖(2)，其具有用于容纳预燃室气门(5)的腔体(7)，其中，大范围地或完全地围绕所述预燃室气门(5)延伸的凹入部与腔体(7)的包围所述预燃室气门(5)的壁(10)构成环形通道(13)，该环形通道(13)与用于给所述预燃室气门(5)供应燃气的至少一个供气通道(12)相连，其中，所述环形通道(13)通过至少一个倾斜设置的燃气通道(20)与所述预燃室气门(5)的下部腔(21)相连。

Description

气缸盖
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有权利要求1前序部分特征的气缸盖。
背景技术
(燃气)内燃机从一个确定的孔(约150mm)起配备有用于点火放大的预燃室。伸入到预燃室中的点火源点燃在那里存在的在清洗过的预燃室中含油脂相对多的混合物，由此，点火火舌由预燃室进入到主燃烧室并且点燃在那里存在的混合物。
为了预燃室的燃料供应存在不同的设计。在未经清洗的预燃室中，混合物在压缩冲程中被从主燃烧室压到预燃室中。
在清洗过的预燃室中此外存在的可能性是：为预燃室额外地供应燃料。这种单独的燃料供应经由预燃室气门实现。该预燃室气门可以直接设置在气缸盖上或设置在火花塞套中。
所属类型的气缸盖由现有技术中已知。DE102004016260( CATERPILLAR MOTOREN有限责任公司)示出一种具有预燃室的燃气发动机，燃气经由通道(3)流入该预燃室中。在所示出的燃气发动机的气缸盖(1)中设置有清洗过的预燃室(2)和分离的用于为燃烧室(4)供应燃气的用于点火能量的燃气输送通道(3)，其中，通常的点火过程经由火花塞(8)进行。在燃气输送通道(3)中，电磁阀(5)设置在容纳区域(6)中，并且出口直接通到燃烧室(4)中。
EP0480545(洋马柴油发动机公司)示出一种预燃室气门，该预燃室气门经由通道(18)被供应燃料气体。燃气经由对置的孔进入空腔(138 )中，在阀打开时燃气从该空腔转移至预燃室中。
该处所示出的设置结构的确定在于：提高的空间需求以及用于构件定向的花费(用于保证燃气通过的位置正确的角度定向)。
JPH04171256A示出一种阀，该阀具有阀体、阀门弹簧、阀针和被加载燃气的下部腔。同样地存在上部腔，在该上部腔中设置有阀门弹簧。燃气侧向地输送给所述阀。大致径向指向的孔通到很窄的环形通道中。径向设置的孔从该环形通道通向阀针。
在US2667155A中描述了一种预燃室气门，该预燃室气门拥有两件式的阀体、阀门弹簧以及阀针。下部阀腔由气体加载，并且阀门弹簧安置在上部阀腔中。在此，所述燃气同样经由径向孔进入狭窄的环形间隙中并且且继续进入阀壳中。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于：提供一种相对现有技术改进的气缸盖。
所述目的通过按照权利要求1的气缸盖得以实现。在从属权利要求中给出有利的实施方式。
根据本发明的气缸盖具有用于容纳预燃室气门的腔体，其中，在大范围地或完全地围绕所述预燃室气门延伸的凹入部与所述腔体的包围所述预燃室气门的壁构成环形通道，其中，该环形通道与用于为所述预燃室气门供应燃气的至少一个供气通道相连，其中，所述环形通道通过至少一个倾斜设置的燃气通道而与所述预燃室气门的下部腔相连。
本发明的优点特别在于：
-燃气经由环形通道在流动技术方面有益地流入所述预燃室气门中；
-由于没有附加的燃气引导的紧凑的结构实现的稳定的阀体；
-在所述阀的下部腔中的对称性即使在经由供气通道侧向通入时也是可能的(在1个以上通道的情况下)；
-在安装时不需要关于预燃室气门的纵轴线的限定的角位置。
优选可以设定：燃气通道相对阀体的对称轴线的角度为20°至70°。通过这样的燃气通道的位置能够通过稳定的形状产生预燃室气门的特别好的稳定性。所输送的燃气的流动技术的延伸通过以下方式得以优化，即，不必穿流锐角。为了制造这样的燃气通道可以设定：环形通道的侧面 (倾向于阀体)倾斜设置。这例如可以如下地选择，即，使得环形通道的倾斜的侧面相对燃气通道的轴线成直角。通过这一点可以实现在对燃气通道打孔时的制造工艺方面的易化。特别优选可以设定：燃气通道相对阀体的对称轴线的角度为20°至30°。
优选可以设定：环形通道通过两个直至六个燃气通道与预燃室气门的下部腔相连。由此能够在流动技术方面以及在时间方面实现预燃室气门的下部腔的最佳填充。此外，由此在阀体内部实现了在很大程度上对称的流动。
优选可以设定：在气缸盖中插入有火花塞套，使得腔体的与预燃室气门构成环形通道的腔的壁通过火花塞套的壁构成。这描述的情况是：预燃室气门不直接插入气缸盖中，而是设置在火花塞套中。
也可以设定：腔体的与所述预燃室气门构成环形通道的腔的壁通过气缸盖自己的壁构成。在这种情况中，所述预燃室气门直接地、即没有中间经由火花塞套地插入气缸盖中。
可以设定：在预燃室气门中设置有至少一个燃气通道，该燃气通道将环形通道与预燃室气门的下部腔相连。也就是在预燃室气门的阀体中构造有至少一个燃气通道。通过所述燃气通道，在预燃室气门的运行中将燃气从环形通道向着预燃室气门的阀座的方向引导。所述预燃室气门的阀体即以燃气通道的形式承担将燃气从环形通道引导至在阀座处的取用地点的任务。这种结构设计被证实为特别有益的。
可以设定：在预燃室气门的阀盘座与预燃室气门通入到预燃室中的入口之间或者在预燃室气门的阀盘座与该预燃室气门通入到通道中的入口之间设置有腔。
这描述的情况是：预燃室气门的阀盘不直接连接在预燃室或者通向预燃室的通道上，而是在其间构造有空腔。通过设置这种腔，实现气体从预燃室气门尤其有益地流入预燃室中(在预燃室气门与预燃室齐平的设置结构中)或者通道中(在预燃室气门的间隔开距离的设置结构中)。
优选可以设定：所述腔具有最大程度梨形的并且向着预燃室变细的造型。这样使得燃气从预燃室气门流入预燃室中或者流入通道中得到有利地影响而保持小的体积。
可以设定：预燃室气门在其外轮廓上具有至少一个凸起，该凸起的朝向环形通道的侧面参与限定该环形通道，并且在该凸起的其它侧面上贴靠有密封件，该密封件用于将预燃室气门相对所述壁密封。
由此以特别有益的方式实现构件集成。所述环形通道可以具有与凸起高度相同的径向深度、更深亦或更浅。如果以凸起的高度为指向，那么这允许阀基体的少被干扰的几何形状。作为密封件可以考虑例如O型环，该O型环将预燃室气门径向相对壁密封。当然也还可以设置另外的凸起，这些凸起能够容纳另外的密封件。
能够设置的是，在气缸盖中设置有火花塞，其中，火花塞和预燃室气门设置在气缸盖的共同的腔体中。这在紧凑的结构方面是尤其有利的。在此优选地，所述火花塞和所述预燃室气门设置在彼此贯穿的孔中。以这种方式可以将火花塞和预燃室气门更节约空间地建造。
附图说明
通过附图来进一步阐述本发明。附图中：
图1a至1c示出带有火花塞套的气缸盖；
图2a至2c示出用于气缸盖的火花塞套；
图3a至3c示出用于气缸盖的另一火花塞套；
图4a至4e示出用于供气的细节；
图5a、5b示出预燃室气门和对此的变型方案。
具体实施方式
图1a示出气缸盖2，其带有插入气缸盖2中的火花塞套4。腔体7在这个实施例中通过火花塞套4构成。
图1b和1c在两个视图中示出火花塞套4。
图1a示出腔体7的纵剖视图，该腔体容纳火花塞6(未示出)和预燃室气门5。
腔体7一方面包括围绕对称轴线S1的同心的竖井，该竖井包括多个柱段并且用于容纳火花塞6。
腔体7此外具有孔，该孔具有对称轴线S2，所述孔用于容纳预燃室气门5。
通道8从预燃室气门5通向预燃室3。预燃室3一方面包括本身的腔体、即所谓的空腔，在该空腔中发生混合物的点火。预燃室3当然也是一个物理构件。在本实施方式中，预燃室3设计为相对火花塞套4独立的构件并且与火花塞套4连接、例如压合。
为了清楚性而未示出的火花塞6经由与对称轴线S1同心的井筒插入到火花塞套4中，使得该火花塞与预燃室3平齐而该火花塞的电极伸入到预燃室3中。预燃室3经由通道8而由预燃室气门5积聚燃气。在预燃室3中的点火之后，点燃的混合物经由溢流孔9到达主燃烧室(未示出)中。
图1b示出图1a的俯视图。可以看到的是：处于腔体7中的用于容纳火花塞6以及预燃室气门5的平行的柱形井筒。火花塞6如参照图1a 所示的那样未示出。在预燃室气门5处可以看到的是八角形，预燃室气门5以该八角形拧入到火花塞套4中。在当前实施例中存在腔体7的最大的孔径D1，该孔径在俯视图中外切用于容纳火花塞6和预燃室气门 5的孔。换而言之，在这个实施例中存在一个用于火花塞6和预燃室气门5的共同的井筒。
所述直径为D1的最大孔的中心线位于对称轴线S1与S2之间。所述共同的井筒在火花塞6和预燃室气门5的装配方面具有优点，但由于仅仍剩余小的壁厚，所以对火花塞套4有所削弱。
图1c示出这个实施例的火花塞套的透视图。
图2a至2c示出根据另一实施例的用于插入到气缸盖2(未示出)中的火花塞套4的不同视图。在这里，腔体7也通过火花塞套4构成。
在根据图1a至1c的实施例中，腔体7具有柱形的区段，该区段在其最大直径中既外切用于容纳火花塞的孔又外切用于容纳预燃室气门5 的孔，而在本实例中，腔体7的最大直径不再完全包围火花塞套4的孔。更确切地说，预燃室气门5的孔在火花塞孔11的具有最大直径的上部区段中穿过该火花塞孔。这在图2b和2c中特别清楚。在俯视图(图2b )中，用于容纳预燃室气门5的孔和用于容纳火花塞6的孔交叠。
图3a至3c示出用于插入到气缸盖2(未示出)中的火花塞套4的另一实施例。在这里，腔体7也通过火花塞套4构成。
用于容纳预燃室气门5的孔在此同样不被腔体7的最大直径外切。换而言之，这里用于容纳火花塞6和用于容纳预燃室气门5的孔在此也穿过彼此。相比于图2a至2c所述的实例，腔体7的轮廓发生变化。腔体7的轮廓在此如下的设计，使得用于容纳火花塞6和预燃室气门5的各孔流畅地相互融入。换而言之，按照图2a至2c的尖锐的过渡部在此通过两个孔过渡部的平滑的半径代替。
图4a示出火花塞套的剖视图，该剖视图如下地显示，使得向预燃室气门5的燃气输送变得明显。该阶梯剖在图4b中示出。供气通道12通到环形通道13中，该环形通道在包围所述预燃室气门5的壁10与预燃室气门5的外轮廓之间构成。换而言之，壁10与预燃室气门共同构成环形通道13，供气通道12通到该环形通道中。
流入的燃气从由壁10和预燃室气门5构成的环形通道13被均匀地引导到预燃室气门5中。
在此处示出的实施例中，所述壁10再次由火花塞套4的壁构成。
图4c示出火花塞套4的纵剖视图。这个阶梯剖由图4d获知。如在图4c中可以看到的那样，此处如下地选择阶梯剖，使得可以看到供气通道12的与对称轴线S1平行延伸的部分。
图4e示出预燃室气门5和其气体供给的等轴透视图。气体供给通过供气通道12的水平和竖直区段进行。
图5a示出预燃室气门5的剖视图。预燃室气门可以插入由气缸盖2 (在这里未示出)构成的或插入由火花塞套4(这里未示出)构成的腔体 7中。也就是说所述腔体7是凹入部，该凹入部直接构造在气缸盖2中或者构造在火花塞套4中，并且该凹入部可以容纳预燃室气门5。
可以清楚看到的是环形通道13，该环形通道构成在腔体的壁10与预燃室气门5的外轮廓之间。所述壁10可以由气缸盖2自身构成，或者可以由插入到气缸盖2中的火花塞套4构成。借助按照图1至4的实施例阐释这种可能性。
阀针14由弹簧15相对其支座夹紧。罩16围绕弹簧15并且与阀针 14经由射束焊接相连。
塞子17封闭腔22并且向上密封预燃室气门5。
环形通道13在径向上经由O型环18相对于腔体7密封。这些O型环设置在由凸起19构成的环形容纳部中。此处示出的预燃室气门5的密封设计设定：在径向上、即在预燃室气门5的外表面上进行密封。
图5b示出图5a的变型，在该变型中，腔23具有最大程度梨形的、向着预燃室3变细的造型。这种造型在流动技术上是特别有益的。
附图标记
1 内燃机
2 气缸盖
3 预燃室
4 火花塞套
5 预燃室气门
6 火花塞
7 腔体
8 通道
9 溢流孔
10 腔体7的壁
11 火花塞孔
12 供气通道
13 环形通道
14 阀针
15 阀门弹簧
16 置
17 塞子
18 O型环
19 凸起
20 燃气通道
21 预燃室气门的下部腔
22 预燃室气门的上部腔
23 腔
24 阀体
S1 对称轴线
S2 对称轴线

Claims (8)

1.气缸盖(2)，其具有用于容纳预燃室气门(5)的腔体(7)，其中，大范围地或完全地围绕所述预燃室气门(5)延伸的凹入部与腔体(7)的包围所述预燃室气门(5)的壁(10)构成环形通道(13)，该环形通道(13)与用于给所述预燃室气门(5)供应燃气的至少一个供气通道(12)相连，其特征在于，所述环形通道(13)通过至少一个倾斜设置的燃气通道(20)与所述预燃室气门(5)的下部腔(21)相连，在预燃室气门(5)的阀盘座与该预燃室气门(5)通入到预燃室(3)中的入口之间或者在预燃室气门(5)的阀盘座与该预燃室气门(5)通入到通向预燃室(3)的通道(8)中的入口之间设置有腔(23)，所述腔(23)具有最大程度梨形的并且向着预燃室(3)的方向变细的造型。
2.按照权利要求1所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，燃气通道(20)以相对阀体(24)的对称轴线20°至70°的角度与预燃室气门(5)的下部腔(21)相连。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，在气缸盖(2)中插入有火花塞套(4)，使得腔体(7)的与预燃室气门(5)构成环形通道(13)的壁(10)通过火花塞套(4)的壁构成。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，腔体(7)的与预燃室气门(5)构成环形通道(13)的壁(10)通过气缸盖(2)本身的壁构成。
5.按照权利要求1所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，预燃室气门(5)在其外轮廓上具有至少一个凸起(19)，该凸起的朝向环形通道(13)的侧面参与限定该环形通道(13)，并且在该凸起的其它侧面上贴靠有密封件，该密封件用于将预燃室气门(5)相对所述壁(10)密封。
6.按照权利要求1所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，在气缸盖(2)中设置有火花塞(6)，所述火花塞(6)和所述预燃室气门(5)设置在气缸盖(2)的共同的腔体(7)中。
7.按照权利要求6所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，所述火花塞(6)和所述预燃室气门(5)设置在彼此贯穿的多个孔中。
8.按照权利要求1所述的气缸盖(2)，其特征在于，燃气通道(20)以相对阀体(24)的对称轴线20°至30°的角度与预燃室气门(5)的下部腔(21)相连。
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