CN106007664B - 光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106007664B
CN106007664B CN201610357300.4A CN201610357300A CN106007664B CN 106007664 B CN106007664 B CN 106007664B CN 201610357300 A CN201610357300 A CN 201610357300A CN 106007664 B CN106007664 B CN 106007664B
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张召
李化珂
张维炬
张烃
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Zibo Chengchang Building Ceramic Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖及其制备方法。光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖由坯料和纳米釉料制成，坯料组成：高岭土、蒙脱石、钾长石、钠长石、滑石、叶蜡石；纳米釉料组成：纳米级二氧化钛、纳米级氧化锌、氧化铝、磷酸钙、甲基纤维素。本发明各层面均匀分布杀菌釉料，釉料嵌入坯体内部，杀菌效果持久有效，避免了同类产品以涂料方式外涂而导致的杀菌有效期短，磨损后失效的弊端。

Description

光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
环境污染成为危害人类健康的重要因素，现代人长期生活工作在室内，而由于人类起居和装饰污染而导致的室内空气质量差，一直是个难题，常规的消毒杀菌办法要么有效但不持久，要么带来二次污染。目前有报道的技术主要集中在表面外涂，此技术耐久性差，经过清洗或摩擦短时间内即失去杀菌作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，将具备光催化杀菌功能的纳米二氧化钛烧结到砖的表面，嵌入永久杀菌的功能元素；本发明同时提供了光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖的制备方法，科学合理、简单易行。
本发明所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，由坯料和纳米釉料制成：
坯料重量百分组成如下：
纳米釉料重量百分组成如下：
所述的坯料和纳米釉料的重量比为200:0.5-1.5。
本发明所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖的制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后，采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆研细搅拌备用；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库。
步骤(1)中所述的泥浆除铁过筛后直接着色。
步骤(2)中所述的釉浆的比重为1.8-2.5g/ml。
步骤(2)中所述的釉浆研细搅拌后添加颜料。
步骤(3)中所述的压制成型压力大于等于260bar，压制成型次数为3.5-5.5次/分。
步骤(4)中所述的干燥时间为35-120min，干燥温度为160-300℃。
步骤(4)中所述的烧成周期为35-55min，烧成温度为1145-1175℃。
本发明所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后可以不着色也可以直接着色，直接着色后形成各种色调及深浅不一的带色粉料十到十二三种，以料车采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料，形成各种花纹图案；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆研细搅拌备用，为确保艺术效果也可以在釉浆研细搅拌后适当添加颜料；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库。
本发明以喷墨抛光砖为载体，将坯料原料混料入磨研磨，经制粉通过多管自由布料系统成型，在布料时将纳米级二氧化钛及少量氧化锌及甲基纤维素合成的纳米釉喷淋到坯料各断面，形成网格状杀菌层，经压制煅烧，抛光分选成产品，砖坯经抛削后成网状，网状纳米杀菌层露于表面，具备了很强的永久性杀菌自净功能。
砖坯经煅烧冷却后抛光，抛光后杀菌釉呈网格状裸露于砖表面，周围被熔体固定，永久不损伤，既有装饰的效果又起到杀菌自净的功能。
本发明的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖的杀菌功能来自于纳米杀菌釉料，决定杀菌效果的是纳米釉料的组成和使用量。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明以喷墨抛光砖工艺为基础，采用料车多管自由布料系统，同时采用锥形立体布料，然后用料车喷枪喷淋杀菌的纳米釉料这种新式方式布料经过抛光后，各层面均匀分布杀菌釉料，釉料嵌入坯体内部，杀菌效果持久有效，避免了同类产品以涂料方式外涂而导致的杀菌有效期短，磨损后失效的弊端。
(2)本发明布料后装饰效果更强，将纳米杀菌釉自身作为一种原料，使其花色层次更加丰富。
(3)砖坯中富含氧化铝及磷酸盐有效抑制晶型转化，确保杀菌功能高效持久。
(4)本发明铺贴后与同类具备杀菌功能的砖相比，在环境中存在的：
伤寒杆菌下降：80％
沙门氏菌下降：90％
金黄色葡萄球菌下降：90％。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
原料组成如下：
坯料重量百分组成如下：
纳米釉料重量百分组成如下：
坯料和纳米釉料的重量比为200:1。
制备方法如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后，采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆的比重为1.8g/ml，釉浆研细搅拌备用；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；压制成型压力260bar，压制成型次数为4次/分；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库；干燥时间为35min，干燥温度为160℃，烧成周期为35min，烧成温度为1156℃。
产品指标：
抗折强度：38MPa，吸水率：0.02％，光泽度：92度，对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、沙门氏菌，杀菌率达到92％。
实施例2
原料组成如下：
坯料重量百分组成如下：
纳米釉料重量百分组成如下：
坯料和纳米釉料的重量比为200:0.5。
制备方法如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后直接着色，形成带色粉料，采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆的比重为2.5g/ml，釉浆研细搅拌后适当添加颜料备用；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；压制成型压力280bar，压制成型次数为5次/分；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库；干燥时间为80min，干燥温度为200℃，烧成周期为45min，烧成温度为1170℃。
产品指标：
抗折强度：40MPa，吸水率：0.02％，光泽度：92度，对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、沙门氏菌，杀菌率达到93.5％。
实施例3
原料组成如下：
坯料重量百分组成如下：
纳米釉料重量百分组成如下：
坯料和纳米釉料的重量比为200:1.5。
制备方法如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后，采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆的比重为2.0g/ml，釉浆研细搅拌备用；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；压制成型压力270bar，压制成型次数为5次/分；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库；干燥时间为120min，干燥温度为300℃，烧成周期为50min，烧成温度为1160℃。
产品指标：
抗折强度：40MPa，吸水率：0.02％，光泽度：92度，对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、沙门氏菌，杀菌率达到95％。

Claims (8)

1.一种光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于由坯料和纳米釉料制成：
坯料重量百分组成如下：
高岭土10-30％
蒙脱石6-12％
钾长石20-50％
钠长石19-50％
滑石1-5％
叶蜡石15-25％；
坯料各组分质量百分比之和为100％；
纳米釉料重量百分组成如下：
纳米级二氧化钛65-83％
纳米级氧化锌5-15％
氧化铝10-30％
磷酸钙1-8％
甲基纤维素1-5％；
纳米釉料各组分质量百分比之和为100％；
所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖的制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)坯料原料经混料球磨成泥浆，泥浆除铁过筛后，采用多管自由布料系统按锥形立体方式布料；
(2)纳米釉料原料混料球磨，得到釉浆，釉浆研细搅拌备用；
(3)坯料布料完成后，用机械手分割坯料形成网状，向网状缺口内喷淋釉浆，压制成型，得到砖坯；
(4)砖坯干燥，烧成，抛光，分选，包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于所述的坯料和纳米釉料的重量比为200:0.5-1.5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(1)中所述的泥浆除铁过筛后直接着色。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(2)中所述的釉浆的比重为1.8-2.5g/mL 。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(2)中所述的釉浆研细搅拌后添加颜料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(3)中所述的压制成型压力大于等于260bar，压制成型次数为3.5-5.5次/分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(4)中所述的干燥时间为35-120min，干燥温度为160-300℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光催化杀菌自净喷墨微粉砖，其特征在于步骤(4)中所述的烧成周期为35-55min，烧成温度为1145-1175℃。
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