CN105961093A - Method using environmental protection ferment to control cucumber die-back disease - Google Patents
Method using environmental protection ferment to control cucumber die-back disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN105961093A CN105961093A CN201610303726.1A CN201610303726A CN105961093A CN 105961093 A CN105961093 A CN 105961093A CN 201610303726 A CN201610303726 A CN 201610303726A CN 105961093 A CN105961093 A CN 105961093A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cucumber die-back disease control method comprising the following steps: 1, deep plowing and furrowing: deep plowing a cucumber planting field and furrowing; base fertilizer application: opening a planting row on each furrow, applying an organic fertilizer commonly fermented by environmental protection ferment and chicken manure into each planting row to serve as base fertilizer, and earthing after fertilizer application; 3, seed immersion: selecting plump seeds with bright color, using environmental protection ferment to immerse the seeds before sowing, and taking out and draining off the seeds after immersion; 4, plantation: plating seeds into planting rows; 5, thinning and filling gaps with seedlings: thinning for the first time 7-8 days after planting, removing certain weak seedlings, thinning and filling gaps with seedlings when 3-4 true leaves grow, and leaving only one strong seedling in each pit; 6, disease control: using environmental protection ferment water to spray the seedlings for two times every week when the cucumber grows 5-6 true leaves, thus controlling die-back; using environmental protection ferment water to spray the plants and furrow surfaces in morning and evening when the disease is spotted, and the plants need to be sprayed through.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to secure agricultural production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of environmental protection ferment preventing and treating Fructus Cucumidis sativi and wither
Sick method.
Background technology
Droop is the Major Diseases in cucumber production, and this disease is mainly caused by fungus, may result in Fructus Cucumidis sativi
Withered, main viticula base portion lobe, blade are wilted sagging the most withered, have a strong impact on cucumber yield and quality.
The onset condition of this disease is mainly temperature and humidity, hot and humid is beneficial to morbidity, continuous cropping, the viscous weight of soil property,
Hypsography low-lying, impeded drainage, rice shoot are aging, use the fertilizer not become thoroughly decomposed or partially nitrogen fertilizer application etc. all favourable this
The generation of disease.
At present, Agro-chemicals control is used to be main anti-Zhiduo County of cucumber fusarium axysporum, although medical treatment effect
Well, but Fructus Cucumidis sativi is belonging to gradually ripe vegetable, and period of gathering almost can be carried out plucking listing every day,
Chemicals preventing and treating can cause pesticide residues, affects agricultural product quality and safety, affects health.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, it is therefore intended that promote Product quality and safety and the quality of Fructus Cucumidis sativi,
Safe and efficient preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the present invention provides a kind of method that cucumber fusarium axysporum is prevented and treated, by application
The method can more effectively be prevented and control cucumber fusarium axysporum, so that it is guaranteed that Fructus Cucumidis sativi high-quality, high yield, safety.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum of the present invention preventing and treating, comprises the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open plantation row, applies by environmental protection ferment and chicken manure co-fermentation in plantation row
Fertilizer makees base manure, earthing after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, soaks with environmental protection aqueous enzyme before sowing, has soaked
Finish, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling is only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice prevention with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly
The generation of droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly.
Step 1 of the present invention) described in play that furrow, preferably furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow height 10-15 centimetre.
Step 2) described in basal dressing, preferably every furrow open two plantation row, environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure according to
The weight ratio of 1:5:50 is fermented, and Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 100-150 kilogram/667 square metres, earthing after fertilising
3-5 centimetre.
Step 3) described in environmental protection aqueous enzyme, preferably environmental protection ferment and water mixes according to the volume ratio of 1:1000
Form, described immersion, preferably 2 hours.
Step 4) described in plantation, preferably press seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre plantation row in employing
Program request is planted, two, every cave seed.
Step 5) described in thinning fill the gaps with seedlings, preferably 3500-4000 strain/667 square metre.
Step 6) described in environmental protection aqueous enzyme, preferably environmental protection ferment and water mixes according to the volume ratio of 1:30-300
Conjunction forms, and described the most uniformly sprays plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, preferably lasts for 5 days, consumption 80
Rise/667 square metres.
The present invention is applied on secure agricultural production, with the stem and leaf of vegetable and fruit, fruit, peel the like waste
The environmental protection ferment preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum of ferment making, reduces the consumption of fertilizer and pesticide, reduces product pesticide residual
Stay.
Compared with existing diseases prevention and treatment technology, the present invention has the advantage that
1, the present invention can not use chemical pesticide to cause soil with relatively low cost preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum
Secondary pollution and the pesticide residues of agricultural product, Improving The Quality of Products safety.
2, the present invention is by comprehensive utilization vegetable and fruit stem stalk, peel the like waste, turns waste into wealth, and protection is certainly
So ecological environment.
3, the present invention can effectively prevent and treat the generation of cucumber fusarium axysporum and spread.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and these embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention's
Implementation process, is not limiting as protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum preventing and treating, comprises the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 10-15 centimetre；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply in plantation row with environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure by
The fertilizer carrying out fermenting according to the weight ratio of 1:5:50 makees base manure, Rate of Organic Fertilizer 100 kilograms/667 square metres,
Earthing 3-5 centimetre after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, uses environmental protection ferment and water according to 1:1000 before sowing
Volume ratio mix, soak seed 2 hours, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, is adopted in plantation row by seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre
Plant with program request, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly, ring
Protect aqueous enzyme to be mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:30 by environmental protection ferment and water, the generation of prevention droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly, continues 5 days, consumption 80 liters/667 square metres.
Embodiment 2:
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum preventing and treating, comprises the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 10-15 centimetre；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply in plantation row with environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure by
The fertilizer carrying out fermenting according to the weight ratio of 1:5:50 makees base manure, Rate of Organic Fertilizer 150 kilograms/667 square metres,
Earthing 3-5 centimetre after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, uses environmental protection ferment and water according to 1:1000 before sowing
Volume ratio mix, soak seed 2 hours, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, is adopted in plantation row by seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre
Plant with program request, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly, ring
Protect aqueous enzyme to be mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:100 by environmental protection ferment and water, the generation of prevention droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly, continues 5 days, consumption 80 liters/667 square metres.
Embodiment 3:
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum preventing and treating, comprises the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 10-15 centimetre；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply in plantation row with environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure by
The fertilizer carrying out fermenting according to the weight ratio of 1:5:50 makees base manure, Rate of Organic Fertilizer 100 kilograms/667 square metres,
Earthing 3-5 centimetre after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, uses environmental protection ferment and water according to 1:1000 before sowing
Volume ratio mix, soak seed 2 hours, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, is adopted in plantation row by seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre
Plant with program request, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly, ring
Protect aqueous enzyme to be mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:200 by environmental protection ferment and water, the generation of prevention droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly, continues 5 days, consumption 80 liters/667 square metres.
Embodiment 4:
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum preventing and treating, comprises the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 10-15 centimetre；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply in plantation row with environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure by
The fertilizer carrying out fermenting according to the weight ratio of 1:5:50 makees base manure, Rate of Organic Fertilizer 150 kilograms/667 square metres,
Earthing 3-5 centimetre after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, uses environmental protection ferment and water according to 1:1000 before sowing
Volume ratio mix, soak seed 2 hours, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, is adopted in plantation row by seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre
Plant with program request, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly, ring
Protect aqueous enzyme to be mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:300 by environmental protection ferment and water, the generation of prevention droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly, continues 5 days, consumption 80 liters/667 square metres.
Comparative example 1:
On March 16th, 2015, prevent in Fangchenggang City Dongxing Guang Yuan Vegetable Base enforcement green cucumber and droop
Control work, specifically include following steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 12 centimetres；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply chicken manure and make base manure, base manure consumption 150 in plantation row
Kilogram/667 square metres, earthing 3 centimetres after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, dilutes immersion with carbendazim 1000 times before sowing
Bubble seed 2 hours, pulls out and drains；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, uses program request by seeding row spacing 30 cm x 60 centimetres in plantation row
Plantation, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice with clear water weekly；When finding disease
When evil occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with clear water, with plant spray thoroughly as standard, continue 5 days,
Consumption 80 liters/667 square metres；
7) during droop is prevented and treated, Investigate incidence and prevention effect, and survey after Fructus Cucumidis sativi of gathering
Produce and check and accept and commodity classification.
Comparative example 2:
On March 16th, 2015, prevent in Fangchenggang City Dongxing Guang Yuan Vegetable Base enforcement green cucumber and droop
Control work, specifically include following steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow, and furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow
High 12 centimetres；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open two plantation row, apply chicken manure and make base manure, base manure consumption 150 in plantation row
Kilogram/667 square metres, earthing 3 centimetres after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, soaks with 1000 times of diluents of carbendazim before sowing
Seed 2 hours, pulls out and drains；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row, uses program request by seeding row spacing 30 cm x 60 centimetres in plantation row
Plantation, two, every cave seed；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling, 4000 strain/667 square metre are only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: when finding disease early period of origination, the pyraclostrobin that dusk Germany's BASF produces kills
Microbial inoculum uniformly sprays plant and furrow face, with plant spray thoroughly as standard, continues 2 times, within every 5 days, sprays 1 time,
Use by recommended amounts；
7) during droop is prevented and treated, Investigate incidence and prevention effect, and survey after Fructus Cucumidis sativi of gathering
Produce and check and accept and commodity classification.
Experimental data contrasts:
For the preventing and treating of cucumber fusarium axysporum, 6 process are set, in step 6) in use respectively 1:30,1:100,
1:200,1:300 environmental protection aqueous enzyme, Germany's BASF produce antibacterial and clear water processes (ck), each process
30m2.Persistently spray after medicament 5 days, whole plant unified investigation disease plant number and the leaf to each process
The sheet state of an illness, calculates sickness rate.Disease index and prevention effect is calculated according to table 1.
Disease index (%)=100% × ∑ (sick the level number of sheets × representative value)/(investigation total leaf number × morbidity is
Heavy duty representative value)
Prevention effect (%)=100% × (check plot disease index-treatment region disease index)/check plot state of an illness
Index
The Fructus Cucumidis sativi of each process carries out surveying to produce after having gathered checking and accepting respectively, and enters Fructus Cucumidis sativi commodity according to table 2
Row classification identification.Through statistical summaries, 6 process the prevention effect to cucumber fusarium axysporum and are shown in Table 3.
Table 1 cucumber fusarium axysporum severity Scaling standard
Table 2 Fructus Cucumidis sativi commodity grade scale
Table 3 different disposal prevention effect to cucumber fusarium axysporum
Claims (7)
1. the method for a cucumber fusarium axysporum preventing and treating, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) furrow have been ploughed deeply: alignment makes preparations for sowing to plant after the field of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is ploughed deeply and plays furrow；
2) basal dressing: every furrow open plantation row, applies by environmental protection ferment and chicken manure co-fermentation in plantation row
Fertilizer makees base manure, earthing after fertilising；
3) seed soaking: select bright in color, full seed, soaks with environmental protection aqueous enzyme before sowing, has soaked
Finish, pull out and drain；
4) plantation: plant in plantation row；
5) thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings: when, after 7-8 days, carrying out thinning for the first time, remove some more weak Seedlings, when growing to
During 3-4 sheet true leaf, carrying out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a strain healthy seedling is only stayed in every cave；
6) disease control: after Fructus Cucumidis sativi grows 5-6 sheet true leaf, sprays twice prevention with environmental protection aqueous enzyme weekly
The generation of droop；
When finding that disease occurs, the most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, spray with plant
It is standard thoroughly.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 1 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step
1) furrow described in, furrow are wide 130 centimetres, furrow height 10-15 centimetre.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 1 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step 2)
Described basal dressing, every furrow open two plantation row, environmental protection ferment, water and chicken manure are according to the weight ratio of 1:5:50
Fermenting, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 100-150 kilogram/667 square metres, earthing 3-5 centimetre after fertilising.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 1 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step 3)
Described environmental protection aqueous enzyme, is environmental protection ferment and water mixes according to the volume ratio of 1:1000, described leaching
Bubble, is 2 hours.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 1 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step 4)
Described plantation, uses program request plantation, every cave by seeding row spacing 25-30 cm x 60-65 centimetre in plantation row
Two seeds.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 1 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step 5)
Described thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings, for 3500-4000 strain/667 square metre.
The method of a kind of cucumber fusarium axysporum the most according to claim 6 preventing and treating, it is characterised in that: step 6)
Described environmental protection aqueous enzyme, is environmental protection ferment and water mixes according to the volume ratio of 1:30-300, described
The most uniformly spray plant and furrow face with environmental protection aqueous enzyme, continue 5 days, consumption 80 liters/667 square metres.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610303726.1A CN105961093A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Method using environmental protection ferment to control cucumber die-back disease |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610303726.1A CN105961093A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Method using environmental protection ferment to control cucumber die-back disease |
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| CN105961093A true CN105961093A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| CN201610303726.1A Pending CN105961093A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Method using environmental protection ferment to control cucumber die-back disease |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155601A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | The method that cucumber fusarium axysporum is prevented and treated using ginkgo leaf |
| CN110603928A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-24 | 中国农业大学 | Treatment method for improving germination rate of pakchoi seeds |
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| CN1596662A (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2005-03-23 | 郝锁振 | Method of preparing preparation for preventing and treating cotton yellow wilt using crop straw |
| CN1850741A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2006-10-25 | 郭雄 | Banana special fentilizer capable of preventing fusarium wilt of banana, and producing method therefor |
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| CN1415737A (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2003-05-07 | 上海泽元海洋生物技术有限公司 | Microbe preparation for curing bacteroidal grancille wilt of plant and its method as well as usage |
| CN1596662A (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2005-03-23 | 郝锁振 | Method of preparing preparation for preventing and treating cotton yellow wilt using crop straw |
| CN1850741A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2006-10-25 | 郭雄 | Banana special fentilizer capable of preventing fusarium wilt of banana, and producing method therefor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155601A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | The method that cucumber fusarium axysporum is prevented and treated using ginkgo leaf |
| CN110603928A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-24 | 中国农业大学 | Treatment method for improving germination rate of pakchoi seeds |
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