CN105949369B - 皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂及其制备方法。水滑石在水中分散性能差,其聚合物应用于皮革后产生的败色现象。本发明利用丙烯酸、过硫酸铵、烯丙基磺酸钠制备水溶性聚合物,加入水滑石超声反应,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。本发明制备的多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂,可降低鞣制废液的环境污染;而且带正电的水滑石板层有利于后期复鞣、染色、加脂中对阴离子染料、加脂剂等化料的吸收,保证成品革的质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种皮革用浸酸鞣制助剂,具体涉及一种皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
多羧基的聚合物常用于制革高吸收铬鞣工艺中,但是由于其含有大量的阴离子,当其皮革与阴离子性聚合物结合后,减少了阴离子化料与皮胶原的结合点,一方面会影响染料的上染率,所谓的“败色”现象,另一方面也不利于阴离子加脂剂等化料的渗透结合,对成革质量产生影响。
水滑石类材料是一类由带负电荷的阴离子(层间阴离子)和带正电荷的金属氢氧化物(主体层板)所构成的层状化合物,也称之为层状双金属氢氧化物(Layered DoubleHydroxides,LDHs)。此类层状化合物的层间阴离子具有可交换性,可将多种不同阴离子插入到水滑石层间,从而获得同时具备层间阴离子和水滑石主体层板阳离子性能的特殊功能材料。由于水滑石层板的正电性,使其对于阴离子染料或物质具有良好的吸附性能。但是由于皮革加工都是以水为介质进行的,水滑石在水中的分散性能差会限制其在皮革行业的应用。若将水滑石与水溶性聚合物复合,既可以解决水滑石在水体系中的分散问题,又可以解决聚合物应用在皮革中易产生的“败色”现象,并且提高其他阴离子化料的吸收,得到性能优异的皮革制品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂及其制备方法,既可以减少鞣制废液中Cr3+和Cl-含量,又可以提高皮革染色性能和机械性能。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:
皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
由以下步骤实现:
步骤一:制备水溶性聚合物:
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底;将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠溶液40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物;
步骤二:制备多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂:
取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.15-0.9g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌2-4h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W-480W,超声10-50min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
如所述的皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法制得的纳米复合助剂。
本发明具有以下优点:
本发明制备的多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂在皮革浸酸过程中加入,可实现少盐浸酸和少铬鞣制,降低鞣制废液的环境污染。由于助剂中含有水滑石,可以提高皮革的增厚率以及机械性能。水滑石在复合材料中呈现部分剥离部分插层的结构,带正电的水滑石板层有利于后续复鞣、染色、加脂中对阴离子染料,加脂剂的吸收,提高皮革品质。水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂在皮革中应用后,可以使皮革的染色深度提高20左右%。水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂在皮革中的应用既能实现皮革鞣剂的清洁化发展目标,又能保证成品革的质量,提高产品性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。
本发明涉及的皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法,由以下步骤实现:
步骤一:制备水溶性聚合物:
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底;将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠溶液40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物;
步骤二:制备多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂:
取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.15-0.9g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌2-4h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W-480W,超声10-50min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
实例1
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底,将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物。之后取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.15g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌2h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W,超声10min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
实例2
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底,将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物。之后取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.45g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌2.5h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W,超声30min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
实例3
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底,将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物。之后取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.75g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌4h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为480W,超声40min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
实例4
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底,将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物。之后取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.9g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌4h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W,超声50min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举,本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (2)
1.皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
由以下步骤实现:
步骤一:制备水溶性聚合物:
在装有搅拌器和冷凝装置的三口烧瓶中加入丙烯酸45g、过硫酸铵4.8g,蒸馏水120g打底;将15g烯丙基磺酸钠溶于30g水中,待水浴加热70℃时向三口烧瓶中滴加烯丙基磺酸钠溶液40min,恒温反应5h,冷却,出料,得到水溶性聚合物;
步骤二:制备多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂:
取水溶性聚合物30g于三口烧瓶中,加入水滑石0.15-0.9g,在温度为40℃条件下匀速搅拌2-4h,之后置于超声分散机,调节超声功率为360W-480W,超声10-50min后出料,得到多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的皮革用多功能水滑石/聚合物纳米复合助剂的制备方法制得的纳米复合助剂。
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