CN105941197A - Micro nutrient solution and application thereof - Google Patents
Micro nutrient solution and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105941197A CN105941197A CN201610255303.7A CN201610255303A CN105941197A CN 105941197 A CN105941197 A CN 105941197A CN 201610255303 A CN201610255303 A CN 201610255303A CN 105941197 A CN105941197 A CN 105941197A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a micro nutrient solution. The invention also discloses a micro nutrient solution forage and a preparation method thereof. The invention also discloses applications of the micro nutrient solution and the micro nutrient solution forage in aquaculture aspects. Through internally taking nutrition and health care measures and establishing a flowing water culture ecological environment rich in healthy microflora and other comprehensive measures, physique and immunity of Alosa sapidissima are improved, common stress reactions of the Alosa sapidissima in winter on low temperature and water quality deterioration are reduced, and especially adaptive capacity and disease resistance on low temperature are improved. Industrialized application of the technology substantially improves survival rate of Alosa sapidissima to live through winter, reduces Alosa sapidissima culture risks, improves culture economic benefit, and the micro nutrient solution has important meaning for further development of Alosa sapidissima large-scale cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, particularly to a kind of micro-nutritional solution and application thereof.
Background technology
Alosa sapidissima (Alosa sapidissima) introduced after China from the U.S. from 2003, south the most at home
Multiple provinces and cities form certain cultivation scale, become one of the famousst and precious domestic breed variety.Macrura reevesii is typical
Anadromous migration Water fish warm in nature, growth preference temperature is 15～25 DEG C.At present, the main breeding way of Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii
Being greenhouse cultivation, industrialized culture or south cages in reservoir cultivation, water temperature in winter typically at about 10 DEG C, is taken the photograph
Appetite reduces, and loses weight, body constitution and immunity degradation, persistence cold current, water temperature be difficult to continue 8～
More than 12 DEG C.Macrura reevesii can be because temperature be too low, body surface cold injury, and then causes fish molds, causes mortality (dead
The rate of dying is up to more than 30%).For reducing the mortality rate of the Macrura reevesii that survives the winter, producer generally uses substantial amounts of medicine,
The most violated body surface anti-inflammation drugs, the most uncontrollable state of an illness.Period Macrura reevesii death of surviving the winter brings huge to raiser
Big loss, becomes the maximum challenge that Macrura reevesii aquaculture development meets with.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved there is provided
A kind of micro-nutritional solution.The present invention, by the interpolation of micro-nutritional solution, improves Macrura reevesii immunity and body constitution, improves Macrura reevesii
Cold tolerance, and reduce the stress under cryogenic conditions, be the key measure that breaks through and cultivate bottleneck winter it
One.
The present invention also to solve the technical problem that and there is provided a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff and preparation method thereof.
The present invention also to solve the technical problem that and there is provided micro-nutritional solution, micro-nutritional solution feedstuff in aquaculture side
The application in face.
Technical scheme: in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of micro-nutritional solution, by weight
Number includes following components: bathypelagic fish oil 78～95 parts, soybean lecithin 10～20 parts, vitamin C 0.3～
5 parts, antioxidation trophic factors 0.1～1.5 parts, compound mineral salts 0.2～1.5 parts.
Preferably, following components is included by weight: bathypelagic fish oil 78 parts, soybean lecithin 18 parts, dimension
Raw element C 0.3 part, antioxidation trophic factors 0.5 part, compound mineral salts 0.5 part.
Wherein, containing unsaturated fatty acid in above-mentioned bathypelagic fish oil, described unsaturated fatty acid mainly include for
DHA, EPA and ADA.
Wherein, above-mentioned antioxidation trophic factors is for splitting kettle algae powder or 3,4,3',4'-tetraketo-.beta.-carotene.
A kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, it contains described micro-nutritional solution.
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, comprises the following steps:
1) according to above-mentioned parts by weight, vitamin C, antioxidation trophic factors, compound mineral salts are sprayed at general
On logical aquatic feeds, stir, dry in the shade and obtain primary nutrition aquatic feeds；
2) in primary nutrition aquatic feeds, bathypelagic fish oil is added according to described parts by weight, uniform stirring,
Feedstuff top layer is made to form oiliness surface and get final product.
Wherein, the input amount of above-mentioned micro-nutritional solution is the 5～15% of feed relative.
Above-mentioned micro-nutritional solution, the application in terms of aquaculture of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff.
Above-mentioned application is the technique by comprehensive current water and uses brackish water circulating water cultivation mode to enter
Row cultivation.
The technique of above-mentioned comprehensive current water refers to greenhouse or industrialized culture fishpond to be formed from lower and
Go up and the current of level；Net cage is then fetched water downwards by water pump, destroys net cage lower floor dead angle.
Above-mentioned brackish water circulating water cultivation mode is gradually to use sea crystal or the saline of crude salt modulation culturing pool,
Within a week so that salinity reaches 5～20 ‰.
The invention is characterized in that oral administration nutritional hygienic measures, by common fish meal being carried out micro-nutritional solution immersion.
Sea surface oil slick is protected, it is achieved winter nutrient adds.Oral administration nutritional mainly includes that unsaturated fatty acid, compound dimension are raw
Element, compound mineral salts and antioxidation trophic factors etc., strengthen Macrura reevesii body constitution, improves the Macrura reevesii adaptation to low temperature
Ability.
Present invention also includes a kind of Tiny ecosystem mix preparation, includes following components: Yi Duoshui by weight
Happy powder 4～8 parts, prebiotic bacterium solution 1～2 parts, molasses 4～8 parts, water 400～800 parts.
Wherein, above-mentioned Tiny ecosystem mix preparation includes following components by weight: 4 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder,
Prebiotic bacterium solution 1 part, 4 parts of molasses, 400 parts of water.
A kind of microorganism formulation, it contains described Tiny ecosystem mix preparation.
The preparation method of a kind of microorganism formulation, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of Tiny ecosystem mix preparation: according to the parts by weight described in claim 1 by beneficial many water happinesses powder
Agent adds prebiotic bacterium solution, and then gallisize honey, agitation and dilution, aeration 10～30 minutes, obtains Tiny ecosystem
Mix preparation；
2) preparation of microorganism formulation: by step 1) the Tiny ecosystem mix preparation that obtains adds the stirring of prebiotic bacterium solution
Obtain microorganism formulation.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 2) in the ratio of Tiny ecosystem mix preparation and prebiotic bacterium solution be 1:1～1:0.1.
A kind of microorganism formulation feedstuff, adds microorganism formulation common aquatic feeds and get final product.Described microorganism system
What agent accounted for common Aquatic product feed relative 1～3% is added.
Above-mentioned Tiny ecosystem mix preparation, microorganism formulation, microorganism formulation feedstuff in terms of aquaculture should
With.
The aquaculture that the present invention is directed to refers to the cultivation of Macrura reevesii, the cultivation survived the winter especially for Macrura reevesii.This
Invention is before entering the winter, uses greenhouse or the full pond of industrialized culture water body, or in four corner hanging bags of net cage,
Use this microorganism formulation, be called for short Yulebao, before water temperature declines to a great extent, purify water and precipitate at the bottom of pond,
Set up healthy microbiologic population, the harmful microorganism suppressing or removing in water body, formed and there is stronger self-purification capacity
Or the water quality of health.
Enter winter, within every 5～10 days, use once " Yulebao " microorganism formulation, maintain water body from net energy
Power and healthy microorganism composition.Before cold current arrives, " Yulebao " microorganism formulation to be used in advance, containment
Harmful microorganism is multiplied, the infringement of pre-disease prevention, especially water mo(u)ld.
Above-mentioned application, by the technique of comprehensive current water and use brackish water circulating water cultivation mode to carry out
Cultivation.
The technique of above-mentioned comprehensive current water refers to greenhouse or industrialized culture fishpond to be formed from lower and
Go up and the current of level；Net cage is then fetched water downwards by water pump, destroys net cage lower floor dead angle.
The technique of comprehensive current water can activate and maintain healthy microbiologic population so that in Macrura reevesii culturing pool not
There is any dead angle, it is to avoid anaerobic environment produces miscellaneous bacteria or harmful microorganism, prebiotic bacterium colony is constantly multiplied, and improves
Immunity, promotes the reparation of body-surface rauma.
Above-mentioned brackish water circulating water cultivation mode is gradually to use sea crystal or the saline of crude salt modulation culturing pool,
In one week so that salinity reaches 5～20 ‰.Using brackish water circulating water cultivation mode, water quality needs clean
Change, recycle, substantial amounts of salt can be saved.Our research indicate that, the optimum salinity of Macrura reevesii be 10～
20 ‰, under this Variation of Salinity Condition, Macrura reevesii can bear 3～5 DEG C, without frost bitten.Under the conditions of cage culture,
Then when throwing something and feeding, every 2～4 days with 3% salt water wash fish body, it is possible to the generation of prevention of water mildew, and right
The injured Macrura reevesii of body surface has good therapeutical effect.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that micro-nourishing healthy measure for oral administration etc.
Aggregate measures, strengthen Macrura reevesii body constitution, improve the adaptation ability to low temperature and resistance against diseases.Such as, bathypelagic fish oil
In rich in multiple unsaturated fatty acid, reduce blood viscosity, keep unobstructed blood vessel；Rich in ascorbic compound
Vitamin can effectively reduce Macrura reevesii to common stress in the winter such as low temperature, water quality deterioration；Split kettle algae powder or shrimp
The Antioxidative Factors such as red pigment can improve the immunity of Macrura reevesii.In a word, the interpolation of the micro-nutrition cold tolerance to Macrura reevesii
Increase significantly.The commercial application of the technology of the present invention, will significantly improve the survival rate that Macrura reevesii survives the winter, and reduces
Macrura reevesii cultivation risk, improves the economic benefit of cultivation, and the raising further to Macrura reevesii large-scale cultivation has important
Meaning.
Detailed description of the invention:
The present invention is expanded on further below by embodiment.Various raw material of the present invention all can be on the market
It is commercially available.Benefit many water happinesses powder that the present invention uses, prebiotic bacterium solution (i.e. probiotic bacteria stock solution), molasses, deep
Ocean fishes oil, compound vitamin, antioxidation trophic factors, compound mineral salts, soybean lecithin etc. all can be in markets
Upper routine is commercially available.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of micro-nutritional solution, includes following components by weight: bathypelagic fish oil 78 parts, soybean lecithin 18
Part, vitamin C 1 part, split 0.1 part of kettle algae powder, compound mineral salts 0.2 part.Containing insatiable hunger in bathypelagic fish oil
And fatty acid, described unsaturated fatty acid mainly includes for DHA, EPA and ADA.
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, comprises the following steps:
1) according to above-mentioned parts by weight, vitamin C, antioxidation trophic factors, compound mineral salts are sprayed at general
On logical aquatic feeds, stir, dry in the shade and obtain primary nutrition aquatic feeds；
2) in primary nutrition aquatic feeds, bathypelagic fish oil is added according to described parts by weight, uniform stirring,
Feedstuff top layer is made to form oiliness surface and get final product.
The input amount of above-mentioned micro-nutritional solution is the 5% of common Aquatic product feed relative.
Embodiment 2
A kind of micro-nutritional solution, includes following components by weight: bathypelagic fish oil 95 parts, soybean lecithin 20
Part, vitamin C 5 parts, 3,4,3',4'-tetraketo-.beta.-carotene 1.5 parts, compound mineral salts 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, comprises the following steps:
1) it is sprayed at common aquatic feeds according to above-mentioned parts by weight vitamin C, 3,4,3',4'-tetraketo-.beta.-carotene, compound mineral salts
On, stir, dry in the shade and obtain primary nutrition aquatic feeds；
2) in primary nutrition aquatic feeds, bathypelagic fish oil is added according to described parts by weight, uniform stirring,
Feedstuff top layer is made to form oiliness surface and get final product.
The input amount of above-mentioned micro-nutritional solution is the 15% of common Aquatic product feed relative.
Embodiment 3
A kind of micro-nutritional solution, includes following components by weight: bathypelagic fish oil 80～95 parts, Semen sojae atricolor ovum phosphorus
Fat 10～20 parts, vitamin C 1～5 parts, antioxidation trophic factors 0.1～1.5 parts, compound mineral salts 0.2～
1.5 part.
Compound vitamin is fish meal compound vitamin, and adds vitamin C.
Containing unsaturated fatty acid in bathypelagic fish oil, described unsaturated fatty acid mainly includes for DHA, EPA
And ADA.
Antioxidation trophic factors is for splitting kettle algae powder or 3,4,3',4'-tetraketo-.beta.-carotene.
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, comprises the following steps:
1) according to above-mentioned parts by weight, compound vitamin, antioxidation trophic factors, compound mineral salts are sprayed
On common aquatic feeds, stir, dry in the shade and obtain primary nutrition aquatic feeds；
2) in primary nutrition aquatic feeds, bathypelagic fish oil is added according to described parts by weight, uniform stirring,
Feedstuff top layer is made to form oiliness surface and get final product.
The input amount of micro-nutritional solution is the 10% of common Aquatic product feed relative.
Macrura reevesii is cultivated by experimental example 1 only with micro-nutritional solution feedstuff
By micro-nutritional solution feedstuff of embodiment 1～3 to be carried out respectively greenhouse, cage culture and greenhouse half to Macrura reevesii
Salt water cyclic culture, particular content is as follows:
1) greenhouse cultivation
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separation, aerobic nitrification,
Anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator by bottom outlet pipe, and the clear water on upper strata enters
Aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection, flows back to fishpond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Throw something and feed every day micro-nutritional solution feedstuff 2～4 times, is fish body every time
The 1～3% of weight.
The feeding method of micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration during surviving the winter: micro-nutritional solution feedstuff embodiment 1～3 obtained is every
Within 2～10 days, throw something and feed once, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time.Double during cold current to throw something and feed.
2) cage culture
The preparation of net cage: being shaped as of net cage is square, the length of side is 5～20 meters, and net cage is 3～8 meters deeply.Throw
Put before Macrura reevesii 1～3 day, continuous four days hanging bags at net cage corner, built-in " micro-battalion that embodiment 1～3 obtains
Nutrient solution feedstuff (50 grams/bag).Within every 5～10 days, use micro-nutritional solution feedstuff hanging bag that embodiment 1～3 obtains.
Morning every day hanging bag, bright and sunny weather hanging bag best results.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: cultivation density be 5～10 tails/square metre or 5～10kg/ square metre.After input,
Within continuous several days, throw something and feed and add probiotic bacteria or the feedstuff of garlicin.During cultivation, throw something and feed every day 2～4 times, every time
For fish body weight 1～3%.
The feeding method of micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration during surviving the winter: use micro-nutritional solution feedstuff that embodiment 1～3 obtains
Add bathypelagic fish oil, stir, can use after drying in the shade.Within every 2～10 days, throw something and feed once, be fish body every time
The 1～3% of weight, common fish meal of throwing something and feeding next day.
3) greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separation, aerobic nitrification,
Anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator by bottom outlet pipe, and the clear water on upper strata enters
Aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection, flows back to fishpond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Micro-nutritional solution feedstuff 2 that embodiment of throwing something and feeding every day 1～3 obtains～
4 times, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time.
The feeding method of micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration during surviving the winter: micro-nutritional solution feedstuff embodiment 1～3 obtained is every
Within 2～10 days, throw something and feed once, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time, common fish meal of throwing something and feeding next day.
Brackish water aquaculture pattern: before survive the winter period, especially cold current arrive, modulates with sea crystal or crude salt and supports
Grow the brackish water in pond, salinity to 5～25 ‰, the adaptation ability of Macrura reevesii low temperature can be improved, prevent and treat what cold injury caused
Fish molds.Our research indicate that, the optimum salinity of Macrura reevesii is 10～20 ‰, under this Variation of Salinity Condition,
Macrura reevesii can bear 3～5 DEG C, without frost bitten.
Macrura reevesii is cultivated by experimental example 2 only with microorganism formulation feedstuff
1) greenhouse cultivation
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separate, aerobic
Nitrification, anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator, upper strata clear by bottom outlet pipe
Water enters aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection, stream
Hui fish pond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%, uses " fish pleasure
Precious ", cultivate beneficial microbe colony in advance.The Yulebao of the present embodiment is microorganism formulation feedstuff, and this is raised
The preparation method of material is: 4 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder is added prebiotic bacterium solution 1 part, and then add water 400 parts and sugar
Honey 4 parts, agitation and dilution, aeration 10～30 minutes, obtain Tiny ecosystem mix preparation；The Tiny ecosystem obtained mixes
Closing preparation and add prebiotic bacterium solution, Tiny ecosystem mix preparation is that 1:1 i.e. obtains microorganism system with the ratio of prebiotic bacterium solution
Agent, stirs the microorganism formulation the obtained common aquatic feeds of addition, and microorganism formulation accounts for common Aquatic product and raises
The 1% of material weight is added.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Throwing something and feeding every day 2～4 times, every day, feeding volume was Macrura reevesii body weight
1-3%.
Survive the winter period " Yulebao " application process: Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, be every time to double to use during the 1～3% of fish body weight, cold current.The present embodiment
Yulebao is microorganism formulation feedstuff, and the preparation method of this feedstuff is: 8 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder is added benefit
Raw bacterium solution 2 parts, then add water 800 parts and 8 parts of molasses, agitation and dilution, and aeration 10～30 minutes obtain
Tiny ecosystem mix preparation；The Tiny ecosystem mix preparation obtained adds prebiotic bacterium solution, and Tiny ecosystem mix preparation is with prebiotic
The ratio of bacterium solution is that 1:1 i.e. obtains microorganism formulation, and the microorganism formulation obtained is added the stirring of common aquatic feeds
, what microorganism formulation accounted for common Aquatic product feed relative 1% is added.
2) cage culture
The preparation of net cage: being shaped as of net cage is square, the length of side is 5～20 meters, and net cage is 3～8 meters deeply.Throw
Put before Macrura reevesii 1～3 day, continuous four days hanging bags at net cage corner, built-in " Yulebao " mixed microorganism system
Agent (50 grams/bag).Within every 5～10 days, use once " Yulebao " microorganism formulation hanging bag.Morning every day hanging bag,
Bright and sunny weather hanging bag best results.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: cultivation density be 5～10 tails/square metre or 5～10kg/ square metre.After input,
Within continuous several days, throw something and feed and add probiotic bacteria or the feedstuff of garlicin.During cultivation, throw something and feed every day 2～4 times, every time
For fish body weight 1～3%.
Survive the winter period " Yulebao " application process: Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, double during cold current to use.The Yulebao of the present embodiment is microorganism formulation and raises
Material, the preparation method of this feedstuff is: 8 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder is added prebiotic bacterium solution 2 parts, then adds water
800 parts and 8 parts of molasses, agitation and dilution, aeration 10～30 minutes, obtain Tiny ecosystem mix preparation；Obtain
Tiny ecosystem mix preparation add prebiotic bacterium solution, Tiny ecosystem mix preparation is 1:1 with the ratio of prebiotic bacterium solution and get final product
Microorganism formulation, stirs the microorganism formulation the obtained common aquatic feeds of addition, and microorganism formulation accounts for general
The 1% of water flowing product feed relative is added.
3) greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separate, aerobic
Nitrification, anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator, upper strata clear by bottom outlet pipe
Water enters aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection, stream
Hui fish pond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%, uses " fish pleasure
Precious ", cultivate beneficial microbe colony in advance.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Throwing something and feeding every day 2～4 times, each feeding volume is Macrura reevesii body weight
1～3%.
Survive the winter period " Yulebao " application process: Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, be every time to double to use during the 1～3% of fish body weight, cold current.The present embodiment
Yulebao is microorganism formulation feedstuff, and the preparation method of this feedstuff is: 8 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder is added benefit
Raw bacterium solution 2 parts, then add water 800 parts and 8 parts of molasses, agitation and dilution, and aeration 10～30 minutes obtain
Tiny ecosystem mix preparation；The Tiny ecosystem mix preparation obtained adds prebiotic bacterium solution, and Tiny ecosystem mix preparation is with prebiotic
The ratio of bacterium solution is that 1:1 i.e. obtains microorganism formulation, and the microorganism formulation obtained is added the stirring of common aquatic feeds
, what microorganism formulation accounted for common Aquatic product feed relative 1% is added.
Brackish water aquaculture pattern: before survive the winter period, especially cold current arrive, modulates with sea crystal or crude salt and supports
Grow the brackish water in pond, salinity to 5～25 ‰, the adaptation ability of Macrura reevesii low temperature can be improved, prevent and treat what cold injury caused
Fish molds.Our research indicate that, the optimum salinity of Macrura reevesii is 10～20 ‰, under this Variation of Salinity Condition,
Macrura reevesii can bear 3～5 DEG C, without frost bitten.
Macrura reevesii is cultivated by experimental example 3 by the combination of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff and microorganism formulation feedstuff
By Macrura reevesii is entered by micro-nutritional solution fish meal of embodiment 1～3 and microorganism formulation feedstuff the most simultaneously
Row greenhouse, cage culture and greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture, particular content is as follows:
1) greenhouse cultivation
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separate, aerobic
Nitrification, anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator, upper strata clear by bottom outlet pipe
Water enters aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection, stream
Hui fish pond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Throw something and feed every day 2～4 times, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time.
Survive the winter period " Yulebao " application process: Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, be every time to double to use during the 1～3% of fish body weight, cold current.The present embodiment
Yulebao is microorganism formulation feedstuff, and the preparation method of this feedstuff is: 8 parts of beneficial many water happinesses powder is added benefit
Raw bacterium solution 2 parts, then add water 800 parts and 8 parts of molasses, agitation and dilution, and aeration 10～30 minutes obtain
Tiny ecosystem mix preparation；The Tiny ecosystem mix preparation obtained adds prebiotic bacterium solution, and Tiny ecosystem mix preparation is with prebiotic
The ratio of bacterium solution is that 1:1 i.e. obtains microorganism formulation, and the microorganism formulation obtained is added the stirring of common aquatic feeds
, what microorganism formulation accounted for common Aquatic product feed relative 1% is added.
The feeding method of micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration during surviving the winter: micro-nutritional solution fish meal that embodiment 1～3 obtains is every
Within 2～10 days, throw something and feed once, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time, microorganism formulation feedstuff of throwing something and feeding next day.The cold current phase
Between double to throw something and feed.
2) cage culture
The preparation of net cage: being shaped as of net cage is square, the length of side is 5～20 meters, and net cage is 3～8 meters deeply.Throw
Put before Macrura reevesii 1～3 day, continuous four days hanging bags at net cage corner, built-in " Yulebao " mixed microorganism system
Agent (50 grams/bag).Within every 5～10 days, use once " Yulebao " microorganism formulation hanging bag.Morning every day hanging bag,
Bright and sunny weather hanging bag best results.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: cultivation density be 5～10 tails/square metre or 5～10kg/ square metre.After input,
Within continuous several days, throw something and feed and add probiotic bacteria or the feedstuff of garlicin.During cultivation, throw something and feed every day 2～4 times, every time
For fish body weight 1～3%.
Survive the winter period " Yulebao " application process: Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, double during cold current to use.
The feeding method of micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration during surviving the winter: use micro-nutritional solution feedstuff that embodiment 1～3 obtains
Add bathypelagic fish oil, stir, can use after drying in the shade.Within every 2～10 days, throw something and feed once, be fish body every time
The 1～3% of weight, microorganism formulation feedstuff of throwing something and feeding next day.Double during cold current to throw something and feed.
3) greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture
The preparation of Macrura reevesii culturing pool: cultivation fish pond can be selected for circle or has the rectangle of fillet, area be 50～
300 square metres, the depth of water is 0.8～2.0 meter.Fishpond oxygen supplement can use aeration or wheel type aerator.Aeration
Pipe is arranged in fishpond surrounding, forms current from bottom to top, and diagonal angle arranges water pump convection current, forms unidirectional circulation.
The preparation of recirculating water purification system: purification of water quality can be divided into four parts, i.e. solid waste separate, good
Oxygen nitrification, anaerobic nitrification and ultraviolet disinfection.Fishpond sewage is entered solid-state separator by bottom outlet pipe, upper strata
Clear water enters aerobic nitrification pond, subsequently into anaerobic nitrification pond, after treated clear water enters ultraviolet disinfection,
Flow back to fishpond.
The preparation of culturing pool: 1～3 day in advance, pump into the former Macrura reevesii culturing pool of 10%.
Throw in and Cultured Tenualosa Reevesii: regulate the water temperature of former culturing pool, the temperature difference be less than 1～2 DEG C, cultivation density be 5～
20 tails/square metre or 5～20kg/ square metre.Throw something and feed every day 2～4 times, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time.
Survive the winter the application process of period " Yulebao ": " Yulebao adds water, sugaring, aeration activate useful bacterium colony.
Within every 5～10 days, use once, be every time to double to use during the 1～3% of fish body weight, cold current.
Survive the winter the feeding method of period micro-nourishing healthy for oral administration: micro-nutritional solution feedstuff every 2 that embodiment 1～3 obtains～
Within 10 days, throw something and feed once, be the 1～3% of fish body weight every time, microorganism formulation feedstuff of throwing something and feeding next day.During cold current
Double to throw something and feed.
Brackish water aquaculture pattern: before survive the winter period, especially cold current arrive, modulates with sea crystal or crude salt and supports
Grow the brackish water in pond, salinity to 5～25 ‰, the adaptation ability of Macrura reevesii low temperature can be improved, prevent and treat what cold injury caused
Fish molds.Our research indicate that, the optimum salinity of Macrura reevesii is 10～20 ‰, under this Variation of Salinity Condition,
Macrura reevesii can bear 3～5 DEG C, without frost bitten.
Experimental example 4
Common cultivation greenhouse cultivation pattern: identical with " Yulebao " greenhouse cultivation, does not simply have Yulebao and guarantor
Strong measure.
Thousand-Island Lake cage culture: identical with the health care cultivation of " Yulebao " net cage, does not simply have Yulebao and health care
Measure.
Micro-nourishing healthy cultivates: the greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture of reference experiment example 1
" Yulebao " greenhouse cultivation: the greenhouse brackish water cyclic culture in reference experiment example 2
" Yulebao " net cage health care cultivation: the net cage health care cultivation in reference experiment example 3
" Yulebao " greenhouse brackish water recirculated water health care cultivation: the greenhouse brackish water health care in reference experiment example 3 is supported
Grow
The comparison of several breeding way:
Table 1
By the present invention in that use " Yulebao " microorganism formulation, improve the winter ecology environment and micro-of Macrura reevesii cultivation
Biological healthy group, adds health nutrient of surviving the winter for oral administration, strengthens Macrura reevesii body constitution, thus, comprehensively improve hilsa herring
The fish adaptation ability to low temperature, improves Macrura reevesii overwintering survival rate.
In a word, by the improvement of breeding ecological environment and the strengthening of oral administration nutritional of surviving the winter, it is remarkably improved and survives the winter into
Motility rate and rate of growth, be mainly manifested in:
1, in greenhouse cultivation example, " Yulebao ", by improving cultivation water ecological environment, significantly improves and survives the winter
Survival rate and rate of growth, be respectively increased 11.4% and 12.6%.
2, on the basis of using " Yulebao ", micro-nutrition, the health care cultivation of greenhouse brackish water recirculated water are strengthened
Overwintering survival rate and rate of growth the highest, respectively 98.2% and 37.9%.
3, in cage culture, the aggregate measures such as " Yulebao " and fortification are remarkably improved overwintering survival rate,
Improve 8.1%.
Result shows, the method for the present invention significantly improves the Macrura reevesii tolerance to low temperature, it is not necessary to use any medicine
Thing treatment wound.Method is simple and reliable, and effect is notable, with low cost, has the most wide application prospect.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the technology people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improve
Also protection scope of the present invention is should be regarded as with retouching.
Claims (10)
1. a micro-nutritional solution, it is characterised in that include following components by weight: bathypelagic fish oil 78～
95 parts, soybean lecithin 10～20 parts, vitamin C 0.3～5 parts, antioxidation trophic factors 0.1～1.5
Part, compound mineral salts 0.2～1.5 parts.
The micro-nutritional solution of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include by weight with
Lower component: bathypelagic fish oil 78 parts, soybean lecithin 18 parts, vitamin C 0.3 part, antioxidation trophic factors
0.5 part, compound mineral salts 0.5 part.
The micro-nutritional solution of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described antioxidation nutrition because of
Son is for splitting kettle algae powder or 3,4,3',4'-tetraketo-.beta.-carotene.
4. a micro-nutritional solution feedstuff, it is characterised in that it is micro-that it contains described in any one of claims 1 to 3
Nutritional solution.
5. the preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff described in claim 4, it is characterised in that include with
Lower step:
1) according to the parts by weight of claim 1, vitamin C, antioxidation trophic factors, compound mineral salts are sprayed
It is sprinkled upon on common aquatic feeds, stirs, dry in the shade and obtain primary nutrition aquatic feeds；
2) in primary nutrition aquatic feeds, bathypelagic fish oil is added according to the parts by weight of claim 1, uniformly
Stirring, makes feedstuff top layer form oiliness surface and get final product.
The preparation method of a kind of micro-nutritional solution feedstuff the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute
The input amount stating micro-nutritional solution is the 5～15% of feed relative.
7. the micro-nutritional solution described in claim 1, the micro-nutritional solution feedstuff described in claim 4 are supported at Aquatic product
Grow the application of aspect.
Application the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that by the technique of comprehensive current water
And use brackish water circulating water cultivation mode to cultivate.
Application the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the work of described comprehensive current water
Skill refers to greenhouse or industrialized culture fishpond to be formed from bottom to top with the current of level；Net cage then passes through water pump
Fetch water downwards, destroy net cage lower floor dead angle.
Application the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described brackish water circulating water cultivation mode
For gradually use sea crystal or crude salt modulation culturing pool saline, within a week so that salinity reach 5～
20‰。
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Effective date of registration: 20161227 Address after: Xiangcheng District Yangcheng Lake Town Suzhou city Jiangsu province 215138 Xiao Jing Cun Applicant after: SUZHOU FISHSEEDS BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215138 Yangchenghu town Xiangcheng national modern agriculture demonstration garden Applicant before: SUZHOU YIKEMAN BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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Application publication date: 20160921 |