CN110583540A - Circulating water aquaculture method for pond fish culture - Google Patents
Circulating water aquaculture method for pond fish culture Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture, which mainly comprises six steps of pond building, auxiliary facility preparation, fry stocking, daily management, water quality regulation, fishing and the like. By adopting the culture method, the two ponds are built, the wastewater is purified, only the water lost due to evaporation and the like is supplemented in the whole culture process, the culture wastewater is not discharged to the outside, the cyclic utilization of the culture wastewater is achieved, and the culture cost is reduced. Meanwhile, during the culture period, by feeding the nutrient and putting the water quality purifying agent, the immunity of the fishes can be enhanced, the chemical oxygen consumption can be reduced, the dissolved oxygen in the water can be increased, the micro-ecological balance of the culture water body can be adjusted, and the problem of water quality pollution can be effectively prevented; can improve the culture quality and yield, increase economic benefits and social benefits, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, small risk, strong operability, easy mastering and application, and easy popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an ecological grass carp culture method.
Background
Pond fish culture is a fish culture mode used in most areas in China, the current yield accounts for more than 70% of fresh water fish culture, and the method has the characteristics of small investment, high income, quick response, stable production and the like. With the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, the scale of intensive industrial aquaculture is gradually enlarged, and meanwhile, the natural water area is polluted due to the random discharge of untreated aquaculture wastewater, industrial and domestic sewage, and the aquaculture ecological environment is worsened, so that the disease problem of aquatic animals is gradually serious. At present, chemical drugs such as antibiotics are mainly used for controlling the occurrence of diseases, but the overuse of the antibiotics not only enhances the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, but also interferes the normal growth and reproduction of beneficial microbial flora, thereby causing the imbalance of microecology. The long-term use of antibiotics can not only seriously affect the water quality and the aquatic product quality, but also directly threaten the health and the safety of human beings.
The existing pond fish culture generally adopts a high-input and high-output culture mode, and is characterized in that: high yield is obtained by high-density stocking of fish species and large amount of feed. Part of nitrogen in the fed feed is absorbed and utilized by the fishes, and the rest of nitrogen is retained in water and bottom sediment in the pond in different modes to cause water quality deterioration, and when a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus exist, water eutrophication is caused, dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced, the water quality is damaged, the metabolism of the cultured fishes is inhibited, the growth function of the fishes is damaged, and even the fishes die in large batches. In addition, the existing pond culture mode has large water resource consumption and high energy consumption of a culture system, the discharge of culture wastewater can cause certain influence on the surrounding environment, the culture effect and efficiency are not high, the resource waste is serious, the culture cost is high, and the environmental pollution is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pollution-free ecological breeding mode aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the method can reduce the incidence of plant diseases and insect pests and disease, reduce the pollution of water quality, improve the breeding quality and yield and reduce the breeding cost by water body circulating breeding, in particular to a circulating water breeding method for pond fish breeding.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pond: two ponds are constructed in a section far away from a residential area and rich in water sources, namely a pond A and a pond B, wherein the area of the pond B is half of that of the pond A, two communicating pipes are connected between the two ponds, and an isolation plate and an isolation net are arranged at the connecting position of the communicating pipes and the ponds;
(2) auxiliary facilities are equipped: a water flow purifier is arranged in the communicating pipe, and a bait casting machine and an aerator are arranged in the two ponds;
(3) fry stocking: sterilizing a pond by using quicklime before stocking the fry, wherein the consumption of the quicklime is 25-30 kg/mu, and after sterilizing, putting water with the pond depth of 2/3 in a pond A and putting water with the pond depth of 1/2 in a pond B; selecting strong and consistent fish fries, firstly soaking the selected fish fries in 3-5% saline water for 3-6 minutes, and then placing the soaked fish fries into a pond A according to a conventional quantity;
(4) daily management: in the culture process, feeding bait according to a conventional feeding method, and timely adjusting feeding time and feeding amount according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in culture water and the pH value; feeding the nutrient once every 3-6 days in the culture period, wherein the feeding amount is 15-25 kg/mu each time; putting the water purifying agent once every 7-14 days, wherein the putting amount is 5-10 kg/mu each time;
(5) water quality regulation: the separation plates are moved every 10 days, a water flow circulating system is formed between the pond A and the pond B and between the pond A and the communicating pipes, water bodies in the two ponds flow through the communicating pipes, dissolved oxygen of the water bodies is increased, water body purification is carried out through a water flow purifier in the communicating pipes, circulation is carried out for 8-10 hours each time, fish cannot pass through the separation net, and only water flow circulates; the purification and the recycling of the aquaculture water body are achieved through the water flow purifier and the thrown water quality purifying agent, only the water lost due to evaporation is supplemented in the whole aquaculture process, and the aquaculture wastewater is not discharged to the outside;
(6) fishing: and (4) performing rotation-catching and rotation-releasing, catching and selling adult fishes in the market by adopting a large-catching and small-remaining mode, and keeping reasonable density of pond fishes during the whole breeding period.
Further, in the method for circulating water aquaculture of pond fish culture, in the daily management process of the step (4), the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is controlled to be 2-5 mg/L, the pH value is 7-8.5, and when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water body is less than 2mg/L, the oxygen content is supplemented through an oxygen increasing machine; adjusting the feeding time and the bait feeding amount according to the concentration and the pH value of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water, namely feeding the bait when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water is more than 5mg/L and the pH value is 7.8-8.5, and selecting a place with high dissolved oxygen to throw the bait, wherein the bait throwing frequency is 2-4 times per day, and the bait throwing amount is 3-5%.
Further, in the method for recirculating aquaculture of pond fish, provided by the invention, in the daily management process of the step (4), the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean curd residue, 10 parts of peanuts, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of flour, 5 parts of carrots, 2 parts of iodized salt and 5 parts of mineral nutrition additives; the preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the raw material proportion, crushing the raw materials into powder according to a conventional mode, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the water addition amount is 6-8 times of the total amount of the mixture, then putting the mixture into a steamer for fumigation for 30-40 minutes, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and finally airing the mixture in the sun for 15-20 minutes; during the culture period, the nutrient needs to be fed once every 4-5 days, and the feeding amount is 20 kg/mu every time.
Further, the circulating water aquaculture method for pond fish culture is characterized in that the mineral nutrition additive is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of 1: zeolite powder, medical stone, diatomite, potassium feldspar, bentonite, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium hydrophosphate, earthworm powder and yellow worm powder.
Further, in the method for recirculating aquaculture of pond fish, provided by the invention, in the daily management process of the step (4), the water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15-20 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 10-15 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 8-12 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 8-12 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 6-10 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 4-7 parts of pepper, 4-7 parts of liquorice, 3-6 parts of radix bupleuri, 3-6 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 2-4 parts of ginger and 1-3 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1: 6-10 of the raw materials, heating and decocting the Chinese herbal medicines, decocting the Chinese herbal medicines into a suspension, adding bran which is 5-8 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture, and decocting the mixture into a paste; and finally, cooling, packaging into small bags, putting the small bags into a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaking for 8-12 days, taking out, and replacing with new water purifying agents, wherein the adding amount of the water purifying agents is 6-8 kg/mu each time.
Further, the invention relates to a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture, wherein the water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 18 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 12 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 10 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 10 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 8 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 6 parts of pepper, 6 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 4 parts of radix scutellariae, 3 parts of ginger and 2 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1:8 of the raw material liquid, heating and decocting the mixture into a suspension, adding bran which is 6 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture into a paste; finally, the mixture is packaged into small bags after being cooled, the small bags are placed in a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaked for 10 days and taken out, and a new Chinese herbal medicine bag is replaced, wherein the adding amount is 7 kg/mu each time.
Compared with the prior art, the recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture has the beneficial effects that: through building two ponds, carry out purification treatment to waste water, reach breed waste water purifying effect, reduced the waste of water resource to only supply the water yield because of losses such as evaporation in whole breeding process, do not discharge breed waste water to the external world, reach breed waste water cyclic utilization, reduced the breed cost. Meanwhile, during the culture period, by feeding the nutrient and putting the water quality purifying agent, the immunity of the fish can be enhanced, the chemical oxygen consumption is reduced, the dissolved oxygen in the water can be increased, the micro-ecological balance of the culture water body is adjusted, and the problem of water quality pollution can be effectively prevented. The breeding method can improve the breeding quality and yield, reduce the breeding cost, increase the economic benefit and the social benefit, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, small risk, strong operability, easy mastering and application, and easy popularization and application.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully explain the practice of the invention, the invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pond: two ponds are constructed in a section far away from a residential area and rich in water sources, namely a pond A and a pond B, wherein the area of the pond B is half of that of the pond A, two communicating pipes are connected between the two ponds, and an isolation plate and an isolation net are arranged at the connecting position of the communicating pipes and the ponds;
(2) auxiliary facilities are equipped: a water flow purifier is arranged in the communicating pipe, and a bait casting machine and an aerator are arranged in the two ponds;
(3) fry stocking: sterilizing a pond by using quicklime before stocking the fry, wherein the consumption of the quicklime is 25-30 kg/mu, and after sterilizing, putting water with the pond depth of 2/3 in a pond A and putting water with the pond depth of 1/2 in a pond B; selecting strong and consistent fish fries, firstly soaking the selected fish fries in 3-5% saline water for 3-6 minutes, and then placing the soaked fish fries into a pond A according to a conventional quantity;
(4) daily management: controlling the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen to be 2-5 mg/L, controlling the pH value to be 7-8.5, and supplementing the oxygen content through an aerator when the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen is less than 2 mg/L; in the culture process, feeding baits according to a conventional feeding method, timely adjusting feeding time and feeding amount according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in culture water and the pH value, feeding the baits when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the culture water is more than 5mg/L and the pH value is 7.8-8.5, and feeding the baits at a place with high dissolved oxygen, wherein the feeding frequency is 4 times per day, and the feeding amount is 3%; during the culture period, a nutrient needs to be fed and a water quality purifying agent needs to be put; the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean curd residue, 10 parts of peanuts, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of flour, 5 parts of carrots, 2 parts of iodized salt and 5 parts of mineral nutrition additives; the mineral nutrition additive is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of 1: zeolite powder, medical stone, diatomite, potassium feldspar, bentonite, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium hydrophosphate, earthworm powder and yellow worm powder; the preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the raw material proportion, crushing the raw materials into powder according to a conventional mode, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the water addition amount is 6-8 times of the total amount of the mixture, then putting the mixture into a steamer for fumigation for 30-40 minutes, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and finally airing the mixture in the sun for 15-20 minutes; during the culture period, the nutrient needs to be fed once every 4 days, and each feeding is 15 kg/mu. The water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 15 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 10 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 8 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 8 parts of ginkgo tree branches and leaves, 6 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 4 parts of pepper, 4 parts of liquorice, 3 parts of radix bupleuri, 3 parts of radix scutellariae, 2 parts of ginger and 1 part of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1:6 of the raw material liquid, heating and decocting the mixture into a suspension, adding bran which is 5 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture into a paste; finally, the water quality purifying agent is packaged into small bags after being cooled, the small bags are placed in a communicating pipe between two ponds, the small bags are taken out after being soaked for 7 days, and new water quality purifying agent is replaced, wherein the adding amount of the water quality purifying agent is 5 kg/mu each time;
(5) water quality regulation: the separation plates are moved every 10 days, a water flow circulating system is formed between the pond A and the pond B and between the pond A and the communicating pipes, water bodies in the two ponds flow through the communicating pipes, dissolved oxygen of the water bodies is increased, water body purification is carried out through a water flow purifier in the communicating pipes, circulation is carried out for 8-10 hours each time, fish cannot pass through the separation net, and only water flow circulates; the purification and the recycling of the aquaculture water body are achieved through the water flow purifier and the thrown water quality purifying agent, only the water lost due to evaporation is supplemented in the whole aquaculture process, and the aquaculture wastewater is not discharged to the outside;
(6) fishing: and (4) performing rotation-catching and rotation-releasing, catching and selling adult fishes in the market by adopting a large-catching and small-remaining mode, and keeping reasonable density of pond fishes during the whole breeding period.
Example 2:
a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pond: two ponds are constructed in a section far away from a residential area and rich in water sources, namely a pond A and a pond B, wherein the area of the pond B is half of that of the pond A, two communicating pipes are connected between the two ponds, and an isolation plate and an isolation net are arranged at the connecting position of the communicating pipes and the ponds;
(2) auxiliary facilities are equipped: a water flow purifier is arranged in the communicating pipe, and a bait casting machine and an aerator are arranged in the two ponds;
(3) fry stocking: sterilizing a pond by using quicklime before stocking the fry, wherein the consumption of the quicklime is 25-30 kg/mu, and after sterilizing, putting water with the pond depth of 2/3 in a pond A and putting water with the pond depth of 1/2 in a pond B; selecting strong and consistent fish fries, firstly soaking the selected fish fries in 3-5% saline water for 3-6 minutes, and then placing the soaked fish fries into a pond A according to a conventional quantity;
(4) daily management: controlling the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen to be 2-5 mg/L, controlling the pH value to be 7-8.5, and supplementing the oxygen content through an aerator when the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen is less than 2 mg/L; in the culture process, feeding baits according to a conventional feeding method, timely adjusting feeding time and feeding amount according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in culture water and the pH value, feeding the baits when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the culture water is more than 5mg/L and the pH value is 7.8-8.5, and feeding the baits at a place with high dissolved oxygen, wherein the feeding frequency is 3 times per day, and the feeding amount is 4%; during the culture period, a nutrient needs to be fed and a water quality purifying agent needs to be put; the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean curd residue, 10 parts of peanuts, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of flour, 5 parts of carrots, 2 parts of iodized salt and 5 parts of mineral nutrition additives; the mineral nutrition additive is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of 1: zeolite powder, medical stone, diatomite, potassium feldspar, bentonite, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium hydrophosphate, earthworm powder and yellow worm powder. The preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the raw material proportion, crushing the raw materials into powder according to a conventional mode, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the added water amount is 7 times of the total amount of the mixture, then putting the mixture into a steamer for fumigation for 30-40 minutes, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and finally airing the mixture in the sun for 15-20 minutes; during the culture period, the nutrient needs to be fed once every 4 days, and the feeding amount is 20 kg/mu each time. The water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 18 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 12 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 10 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 10 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 8 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 6 parts of pepper, 6 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 4 parts of radix scutellariae, 3 parts of ginger and 2 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1:8 of the raw material liquid, heating and decocting the mixture into a suspension, adding bran which is 6 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture into a paste; finally, packaging the cooled Chinese herbal medicines into small bags, putting the small bags into a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaking the small bags for 10 days, taking the small bags out, and replacing a new Chinese herbal medicine bag, wherein the input amount of each time is 7 kg/mu;
(5) water quality regulation: the separation plates are moved every 10 days, a water flow circulating system is formed between the pond A and the pond B and between the pond A and the communicating pipes, water bodies in the two ponds flow through the communicating pipes, dissolved oxygen of the water bodies is increased, water body purification is carried out through a water flow purifier in the communicating pipes, circulation is carried out for 8-10 hours each time, fish cannot pass through the separation net, and only water flow circulates; the purification and the cyclic utilization of the aquaculture water body are achieved through the water flow purifier and the thrown water quality purifying agent, only the water lost due to evaporation is supplemented in the whole aquaculture process, and the aquaculture wastewater is not discharged to the outside.
(6) Fishing: and (4) performing rotation-catching and rotation-releasing, catching and selling adult fishes in the market by adopting a large-catching and small-remaining mode, and keeping reasonable density of pond fishes during the whole breeding period.
Example 3:
a recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pond: two ponds are constructed in a section far away from a residential area and rich in water sources, namely a pond A and a pond B, wherein the area of the pond B is half of that of the pond A, two communicating pipes are connected between the two ponds, and an isolation plate and an isolation net are arranged at the connecting position of the communicating pipes and the ponds;
(2) auxiliary facilities are equipped: a water flow purifier is arranged in the communicating pipe, and a bait casting machine and an aerator are arranged in the two ponds;
(3) fry stocking: sterilizing a pond by using quicklime before stocking the fry, wherein the consumption of the quicklime is 25-30 kg/mu, and after sterilizing, putting water with the pond depth of 2/3 in a pond A and putting water with the pond depth of 1/2 in a pond B; selecting strong and consistent fish fries, firstly soaking the selected fish fries in 3-5% saline water for 3-6 minutes, and then placing the soaked fish fries into a pond A according to a conventional quantity;
(4) daily management: controlling the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen to be 2-5 mg/L, controlling the pH value to be 7-8.5, and supplementing the oxygen content through an aerator when the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen is less than 2 mg/L; in the culture process, feeding baits according to a conventional feeding method, timely adjusting feeding time and feeding amount according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in culture water and the pH value, feeding the baits when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the culture water is more than 5mg/L and the pH value is 7.8-8.5, and feeding the baits at a place with high dissolved oxygen, wherein the feeding frequency is 2 times per day, and the feeding amount is 5%; during the culture period, a nutrient needs to be fed and a water quality purifying agent needs to be put; the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean curd residue, 10 parts of peanuts, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of flour, 5 parts of carrots, 2 parts of iodized salt and 5 parts of mineral nutrition additives; the mineral nutrition additive is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of 1: zeolite powder, medical stone, diatomite, potassium feldspar, bentonite, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium hydrophosphate, earthworm powder and yellow worm powder; the preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the raw material proportion, crushing the raw materials into powder according to a conventional mode, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the water addition amount is 8 times of the total amount of the mixture, then putting the mixture into a steamer for fumigation for 30-40 minutes, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and finally airing the mixture in the sun for 15-20 minutes; during the culture period, the nutrient needs to be fed once every 6 days, and the feeding amount is 25 kg/mu each time. The water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 20 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 15 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 12 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 12 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 10 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 7 parts of pepper, 7 parts of liquorice, 6 parts of radix bupleuri, 6 parts of radix scutellariae, 4 parts of ginger and 3 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating and decocting the Chinese herbal medicines, decocting the Chinese herbal medicines into a suspension, adding bran which is 8 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture, and decocting the mixture into a paste; and finally, cooling, packaging into small bags, putting the small bags into a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaking for 14 days, taking out, and replacing with new water purifying agents, wherein the adding amount of the water purifying agents is 10 kg/mu each time.
(5) Water quality regulation: the separation plates are moved every 10 days, a water flow circulating system is formed between the pond A and the pond B and between the pond A and the communicating pipes, water bodies in the two ponds flow through the communicating pipes, dissolved oxygen of the water bodies is increased, water body purification is carried out through a water flow purifier in the communicating pipes, circulation is carried out for 8-10 hours each time, fish cannot pass through the separation net, and only water flow circulates; the purification and the cyclic utilization of the aquaculture water body are achieved through the water flow purifier and the thrown water quality purifying agent, only the water lost due to evaporation is supplemented in the whole aquaculture process, and the aquaculture wastewater is not discharged to the outside.
(6) Fishing: and (4) performing rotation-catching and rotation-releasing, catching and selling adult fishes in the market by adopting a large-catching and small-remaining mode, and keeping reasonable density of pond fishes during the whole breeding period.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all the insubstantial modifications made by the method, or the technical solutions of the present invention, or the direct application of the method, the technical solutions of the present invention to other fields without any modifications, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A recirculating aquaculture method for pond fish culture is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
(1) building a pond: two ponds are constructed in a section far away from a residential area and rich in water sources, namely a pond A and a pond B, wherein the area of the pond B is half of that of the pond A, two communicating pipes are connected between the two ponds, and an isolation plate and an isolation net are arranged at the connecting position of the communicating pipes and the ponds;
(2) auxiliary facilities are equipped: a water flow purifier is arranged in the communicating pipe, and a bait casting machine and an aerator are arranged in the two ponds;
(3) fry stocking: sterilizing a pond by using quicklime before stocking the fry, wherein the consumption of the quicklime is 25-30 kg/mu, and after sterilizing, putting water with the pond depth of 2/3 in a pond A and putting water with the pond depth of 1/2 in a pond B; selecting strong and consistent fish fries, firstly soaking the selected fish fries in 3-5% saline water for 3-6 minutes, and then placing the soaked fish fries into a pond A according to a conventional quantity;
(4) daily management: in the culture process, feeding bait according to a conventional feeding method, and timely adjusting feeding time and feeding amount according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in culture water and the pH value; feeding the nutrient once every 3-6 days in the culture period, wherein the feeding amount is 15-25 kg/mu each time; putting the water purifying agent once every 7-14 days, wherein the putting amount is 5-10 kg/mu each time;
(5) water quality regulation: the separation plates are moved every 10 days, a water flow circulating system is formed between the pond A and the pond B and between the pond A and the communicating pipes, water bodies in the two ponds flow through the communicating pipes, dissolved oxygen of the water bodies is increased, water body purification is carried out through a water flow purifier in the communicating pipes, circulation is carried out for 8-10 hours each time, fish cannot pass through the separation net, and only water flow circulates; the purification and the recycling of the aquaculture water body are achieved through the water flow purifier and the thrown water quality purifying agent, only the water lost due to evaporation is supplemented in the whole aquaculture process, and the aquaculture wastewater is not discharged to the outside;
(6) fishing: and (4) performing rotation-catching and rotation-releasing, catching and selling adult fishes in the market by adopting a large-catching and small-remaining mode, and keeping reasonable density of pond fishes during the whole breeding period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the daily management process of the step (4), the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 2-5 mg/L, the pH value is 7-8.5, and when the concentration of the water body dissolved oxygen is less than 2mg/L, the oxygen content is supplemented through an aerator; adjusting the feeding time and the bait feeding amount according to the concentration and the pH value of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water, namely feeding the bait when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water is more than 5mg/L and the pH value is 7.8-8.5, and selecting a place with high dissolved oxygen to throw the bait, wherein the bait throwing frequency is 2-4 times per day, and the bait throwing amount is 3-5%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the daily management process of the step (4), the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean curd residue, 10 parts of peanuts, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of flour, 5 parts of carrots, 2 parts of iodized salt and 5 parts of mineral nutrition additives; the preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the steps of weighing the raw materials according to the raw material proportion, crushing the raw materials into powder according to a conventional mode, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the water addition amount is 6-8 times of the total amount of the mixture, then putting the mixture into a steamer for fumigation for 30-40 minutes, taking out the mixture, cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and finally airing the mixture in the sun for 15-20 minutes; during the culture period, the nutrient needs to be fed once every 4-5 days, and the feeding amount is 20 kg/mu every time.
4. A method of recirculating aquaculture in ponds for fish culture as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the mineral nutrition additive is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight of 1: zeolite powder, medical stone, diatomite, potassium feldspar, bentonite, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium hydrophosphate, earthworm powder and yellow worm powder.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the daily management process of the step (4), the water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15-20 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 10-15 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 8-12 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 8-12 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 6-10 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 4-7 parts of pepper, 4-7 parts of liquorice, 3-6 parts of radix bupleuri, 3-6 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 2-4 parts of ginger and 1-3 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1: 6-10 of the raw materials, heating and decocting the Chinese herbal medicines, decocting the Chinese herbal medicines into a suspension, adding bran which is 5-8 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture, and decocting the mixture into a paste; and finally, cooling, packaging into small bags, putting the small bags into a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaking for 8-12 days, taking out, and replacing with new water purifying agents, wherein the adding amount of the water purifying agents is 6-8 kg/mu each time.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises: the water purifying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 18 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 12 parts of polygonum multiflorum leaves, 10 parts of camphor tree branches and leaves, 10 parts of ginkgo branches and leaves, 8 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 6 parts of pepper, 6 parts of liquorice, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 4 parts of radix scutellariae, 3 parts of ginger and 2 parts of garlic; the preparation method of the water purifying agent comprises the steps of firstly crushing the raw materials into fine powder, mixing the fine powder according to the raw material ratio to obtain Chinese herbal medicines, adding purified water into the Chinese herbal medicines according to the mass ratio of 1:8 of the raw material liquid, heating and decocting the mixture into a suspension, adding bran which is 6 times of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicines, mixing and decocting the mixture into a paste; finally, the mixture is packaged into small bags after being cooled, the small bags are placed in a communicating pipe between two ponds, soaked for 10 days and taken out, and a new Chinese herbal medicine bag is replaced, wherein the adding amount is 7 kg/mu each time.
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| CN114684878A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-01 | 潍坊工商职业学院 | Aquaculture water quality purifying agent and preparation method thereof |
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