CN109912134A - A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system - Google Patents
A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109912134A CN109912134A CN201910331146.7A CN201910331146A CN109912134A CN 109912134 A CN109912134 A CN 109912134A CN 201910331146 A CN201910331146 A CN 201910331146A CN 109912134 A CN109912134 A CN 109912134A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system, which includes the coarse filtration network segment set gradually, ecological pool, sedimentation basin and artificial ecology wetland.Coarse filtration network segment is made of 20 mesh and 40 mesh screens；Ecological pool is by fish and vegetable symbiotic system, three silver carp bighead, river snail and photosynthetic bacteria module compositions；Sedimentation basin uses circumferential water feed formula, and upper layer is honeycomb filler, and intermediate hollow out, lower layer is pelelith and river sand；Artificial ecology wetland plants green watermifoil, and the indices of tail water can reach even higher than discharge standard after processing.The processing system has the advantages such as good effect, small investment, operation is easy, management is simple, beautiful reliable, comprehensive benefit height, breach the technical bottleneck that aquaculture tail water Ecological Disposal and resource utilization face for a long time, it can solve that Tail water reuse present in current aquaculture process is not up to standard, is easy the problems such as polluting to natural water area, promote aquaculture Green Development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, and in particular to a kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system.
Background technique
With being continuously increased of the market demand, the continuous development of culture fishery scale and technology, aquaculture industry by
Gradually to high density, intensive intensive culture Mode change.In the process, raiser is by largely using feed, fertilizer, drug and ring
Border modifying agent etc., to obtain high yield high yield.But these inputs have often exceeded cultivation demand and water body self-purification ability,
In addition a large amount of residual baits and excrement that generate in breeding process are discharged into water body, the pollutant in breeding water body is caused to be stepped up, and
Lead to the consequences such as water body self-purification ability decline, bed mud deterioration, pathogen abnormality proliferation, the multiple easy hair of disease.If these are cultivated
The tail water generated in the process is unprocessed to be discharged into natural water area, it would be possible to pollute to adjacent waters water environment, while right
Industrial and agricultural production and resident living water generate adverse effect.
Major pollutants in aquaculture tail water have ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, organic matter and suspended matter etc..Aquaculture tail
Water such as cannot get timely and effective processing, not only deteriorate Cultivated water environment, but also will lead to aquiculture animal outburst disease, very
To Large Scale Death, cultured product quality and yield decline.Currently, have both at home and abroad more researcher to aquaculture tail water at
Reason technology has carried out a large amount of research, mainly includes physical processing techniques, chemical treatment method and biologic treating technique etc..And
In practice, aquaculture tail water processing form mainly includes the purification of pond subregion, facility purification, wetland purification etc. for production.It is existing
Aquaculture tail water treatment system, it is generally existing investment it is larger, effect is undesirable, operational management is complicated, comprehensive benefit is not high
The problems such as.Therefore, the water of a kind of good effect, small investment, operation simplicity, simple, reliable, the comprehensive benefit height of beauty of management etc. is researched and developed
Cultivation tail water treatment system is produced, healthy, sustainable, Green Development has important practical significance to China's aquaculture.
Aquaculture and hydroponic culture both completely different agro-farming technologies are passed through Eco-Design by fish and vegetable symbiotic system
Realization breeds fish and does not change water, plant vegetables the ecological symbiosis effect that do not apply fertilizer.Fish and vegetable symbiotic can make between animal, plant and microorganism three
It realizes the ecological balance, is the low-carbon production model of the following sustainable circulation, and solve the effective of culture fishery Tail water reuse
Method.
Photosynthetic bacteria is widely used in aquaculture, it can both purify water, improve water environment, maintenance water body
Microecological balance, and can increase the dissolved oxygen in breeding water body, the quality of aquatic products is improved, can be used as swimming in water body
The bait of animal.After photosynthetic bacteria enters water body, remaining feed, cultivated animals excreta in water body of degrading, planktonic organism are residual
Body and other organic matters；The NH in water is absorbed and utilized simultaneously3, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, the dissolubilities harmful substance such as sulfide, use
To synthesize photosynthetic bacterial thallus, the accumulation of the residual and harmful substance of solid organic matter is avoided, plays the role of improving water quality.
At the same time, photosynthetic bacteria, can be by absorbing the oxygen consumption factor in water body in growth and breeding, and the dissolved oxygen improved in water body contains
Amount, to play the role of indirect oxygenation to water body.In addition, photosynthetic bacteria can be used as the bait of zooplankter and promote its growth.
Green watermifoil is the preferred plant in current ecological restoration of lakes engineering as water purification tool kind and revegetation, tool
Have good economic value (greenfeed that can be used as herbivorous fishes and Shrimp waste in aquaculture), landscape value (have compared with
High ornamental value) and water purification effect (purification of aquaculture tail water).Green watermifoil is suitble to grow in the water environment of high nitrogen phosphorus,
Growth cycle is long, breeding is fast, nitrogen phosphorus absorbability is strong, and root system has the function of to secrete oxygen, and nutritive value is high, is suitable as aquaculture
The mode water plant of tail water processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system, can solve to deposit in current aquaculture process
Tail water reuse is up to standard, organic matter is excessive, is easy the problems such as polluting to natural water area.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system, it is wet to be disposed with coarse filtration network segment, ecological pool, sedimentation basin and artificial ecology
Ground.
Step 1: coarse filtration net
The cultivation tail water being discharged from cultivating pool, first has to by twice coarse filtration net made of 20 mesh and 40 mesh screens, mainly
Sundries and large granular impurity in filtering cultivation tail water etc., then just flow into ecological pool.2-3 m is spaced between twice coarse filtration net
, not only it had been conducive to tail water and had circulated, but also convenient sundries impurity of cleaning in time etc..
Step 2: ecological pool
Ecological pool is by fish and vegetable symbiotic system, three module compositions such as not bait throwing in silver carp bighead, river snail and photosynthetic bacteria (from training).
In the fish and vegetable symbiotic system of ecological pool, by the microbial bacterial of hydroponic culture system, by freshwater aquiculture tail water
In ammonia nitrogen and organic matter decompose, and then by vegetable aquaculture and phytoplankton as absorption of nutrient ingredients utilization.Fish and vegetable symbiotic system
System area accounts for the 10%-15% of ecological pool water surface area.Silver carp bighead and river snail are put in not bait throwing in, which in a suitable place to breed, can efficiently use floating in ecological pool
Move about plant and impurities at bottom, organic debris.The control of silver carp breeding density exists in 150-200 tail/mu, the control of bighead breeding density
80-100 tail/mu.
Using the photosynthetic bacteria (only needing purchase strain and culture medium, easy, low in cost from technical operation is trained) from training, lead to
After periodically splash (10-15 days/time, weather permitting (WP)) and flexibly grasp usage and dosage (general 3-5 kg/ mu, it is suitable when water quality is poor
When increase dosage；Water body meta-acid Shi Xianyong quick lime adjusts pH to neutral or alkalescent, photosynthetic bacteria of then splashing again) technology arrange
It applies, not only can will effectively cultivate the harmful substances such as ammoniacal nitrogen, nitroso nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide in tail water and degrade, purify water, and
And dominant microflora can be formed in ecological pool, it safeguards water body microecological balance, inhibits pathogenic microorganism breeding, while as swimming
The natural bait of animal, and promote the photosynthesis of phytoplankton.
To sum up, fish and vegetable symbiotic system is constructed in ecological pool, is put not bait throwing in silver carp bighead river snail in a suitable place to breed and is periodically splashed photosynthetic thin
The Trinity mode such as bacterium, it can be ensured that the pool cultivated tail water bacterium phase of ecology and algae are balanced each other, and stablize water pH value, and greatly change
Kind, purification tail water water quality.
Step 3: sedimentation basin
Circumferential water feed formula sedimentation basin is entered back by the tail water that ecological pool comes out.Sedimentation basin packing material upper layer is honeycomb filler, under
Layer is pelelith, river sand, intermediate hollow out height 20-30 cm.Sedimentation basin uses the brick mix structure with antiseepage function, to be round,
Pond depth 80-90 cm.
From hydromechanical angle, the outlet effect of circumferential water feed formula sedimentation basin is preferable.The packing material on sedimentation basin upper layer
Using honeycomb filler, it is good to precipitate filter effect；Intermediate hollow out can increase the contact area of upper level filter water and air, increase indirectly
While oxygen, improvement water quality (reducing and dissolve the COD in cultivation tail water), space is stopped for the replacement of lower layer's packing material；Tail
Water passes through the further precipitating of lower layer's pelelith and river sand, flows into artificial ecology wetland.
Step 4: artificial ecology wetland
Artificial ecology wetland plays the role of secondary precipitation filtering and purifies water.
In the green watermifoil of artificial ecology wetland kind planting submerged plant, nitrogen, the phosphorus etc. in cultivation tail water can not only be quickly absorbed
Eutrophication element, moreover it is possible to absorb heavy metal element therein, purify water significant effect, at the same be also good greenfeed and
Green manure has both certain ornamental value.
Step 5: Tail water reuse
By above-mentioned steps treated aquaculture tail water, indices can reach even higher than discharge standard.The present invention
Freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system can convert ammonia nitrogen, organic impurities and the harmful substance in tail water to byproduct (silver carp bighead,
River snail, vegetables, greenfeed), it realizes resource circulation utilization, reduce aquaculture cost and improves the purpose of cultivation overall efficiency.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention has, good effect, small investment, operation is easy, management is simple, beautiful reliable, comprehensive benefit
High advantage breaches the technical bottleneck that aquaculture tail water Ecological Disposal and resource utilization face for a long time, can solve at present
Tail water ammonia nitrogen present in aquaculture process, organic matter and suspension content are high, discharge is not up to standard, are easy to make natural water area
The problems such as at pollution.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is sedimentation basin structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system schematic diagram of the invention；
In figure: the upper layer 1-, the middle layer 2-, 3- lower layer.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the purpose and effect that reach technological means of the invention, feature and process flow, application method are succinctly bright
, combined with specific embodiments below and example is used, the present invention is further explained, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system, it is wet to be disposed with coarse filtration network segment, ecological pool, sedimentation basin and artificial ecology
Ground.
Step 1: coarse filtration net
The cultivation tail water being discharged from cultivating pool, first has to by twice coarse filtration net made of 20 mesh and 40 mesh screens, mainly
Sundries and large granular impurity in filtering cultivation tail water etc., then just flow into ecological pool.2 m are spaced between twice coarse filtration net,
Not only it had been conducive to tail water to circulate, but also convenient sundries impurity of cleaning in time etc..
Step 2: ecological pool
Ecological pool is by fish and vegetable symbiotic system, not bait throwing in silver carp bighead, river snail and photosynthetic bacteria composition.
In the fish and vegetable symbiotic system of ecological pool, by the microbial bacterial of hydroponic culture system, by aquaculture tail water
In ammonia nitrogen and organic matter decompose, and then by vegetable aquaculture and phytoplankton as absorption of nutrient ingredients utilization.Fish and vegetable symbiotic system
System area accounts for the 14% of ecological pool water surface area.Silver carp bighead is put in not bait throwing in a suitable place to breed and river snail can efficiently use in ecological pool swim it is dynamic
Plant and impurities at bottom, organic debris.The control of silver carp breeding density is controlled in 180 tails/mu, bighead breeding density in 90 tails/mu.
Using the photosynthetic bacteria (only needing purchase strain and culture medium, easy, low in cost from technical operation is trained) from training, lead to
After periodically splash (13 days/time, weather permitting (WP)) and flexibly grasp usage and dosage (general 4 kg/ mus, suitably increase when water quality is poor
Dosage；Water body meta-acid Shi Xianyong quick lime adjusts pH to neutral or alkalescent, photosynthetic bacteria of then splashing again) technical measures, no
But it can will effectively cultivate the harmful substances such as ammoniacal nitrogen, nitroso nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide in tail water to degrade, purify water, Er Qieke
Dominant microflora is formed in ecological pool, safeguards water body microecological balance, inhibits pathogenic microorganism breeding, while as zooplankter
Natural bait, and promote the photosynthesis etc. of phytoplankton.
To sum up, fish and vegetable symbiotic system is constructed in ecological pool, is put not bait throwing in silver carp bighead river snail in a suitable place to breed and is periodically splashed photosynthetic thin
The Trinity mode such as bacterium, it can be ensured that the pool cultivated tail water bacterium phase of ecology and algae are balanced each other, and stablize water pH value, and greatly change
Kind, purification tail water water quality.
Step 3: sedimentation basin
Circumferential water feed formula sedimentation basin is entered back by the tail water that ecological pool comes out.Sedimentation basin packing material upper layer is honeycomb filler, under
Layer is pelelith and river sand, intermediate 25 cm of hollow out height.Sedimentation basin uses the brick mix structure with antiseepage function, for circle, pond
Deep 90 cm.
From hydromechanical angle, the outlet effect of circumferential water feed formula sedimentation basin is preferable.The packing material on sedimentation basin upper layer
Using honeycomb filler, it is good to precipitate filter effect；Intermediate hollow out can increase the contact area of upper level filter water and air, increase indirectly
While oxygen, improvement water quality (reducing and dissolve the COD in cultivation tail water), space is stopped for the replacement of lower layer's packing material；Tail
Water passes through the further precipitating of lower layer's pelelith and river sand, flows into artificial ecology wetland.
Step 4: artificial ecology wetland
Artificial ecology wetland plays the role of secondary precipitation filtering and purifies water.Green watermifoil, energy are planted in artificial ecology wetland
Quickly absorb the eutrophication elements such as nitrogen, the phosphorus in cultivation tail water, moreover it is possible to absorb heavy metal element therein, purify water effect
Significantly, while being also good greenfeed and green manure, have both certain ornamental value.
Step 5: Tail water reuse
By above-mentioned steps treated freshwater aquiculture tail water, indices can reach even higher than discharge standard.The present invention
Freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system can convert ammonia nitrogen, organic impurities and the harmful substance in tail water to byproduct (silver carp bighead,
River snail, vegetables, greenfeed), it realizes resource circulation utilization, reduce freshwater aquiculture cost and improves the purpose of cultivation overall efficiency.
The foregoing is merely better embodiment of the invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent
With modification, it is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system, it is characterised in that: be disposed with coarse filtration network segment, ecological pool, sedimentation basin
With artificial ecology wetland；It is specific as follows:
(1) coarse filtration network segment: the fresh water aquaculture tail water being discharged from cultivating pool first passes through coarse filtration network segment, filtering cultivation
Sundries and large granular impurity in tail water, then flow into ecological pool；
(2) ecological pool: by fish and vegetable symbiotic system, silver carp bighead, river snail and photosynthetic bacteria composition are put in not bait throwing in a suitable place to breed；
(3) sedimentation basin: enter the sedimentation basin of circumferential water feed formula by the tail water that ecological pool is discharged；
(4) in the green watermifoil of artificial ecology wetland kind planting submerged plant, secondary precipitation filtering and purification artificial ecology wetland: are carried out
Water quality.
2. freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coarse filtration network segment is by 20 mesh
It is formed with twice coarse filtration net made of 40 mesh screens, 2-3 m is spaced between twice coarse filtration net.
3. freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ecological pool specifically: fish
The area of symbiotic fish (shrimp)-vegetable system accounts for the 10%-15% of ecological pool water surface area；Not bait throwing in silver carp breeding density control 150-200 tail/
Mu, bighead breeding density are controlled in 80-100 tail/mu；From the photosynthetic bacteria of training by 3-5 kg/ mu dosage, 10-15 days/time calmly
Phase splashes.
4. freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sedimentation basin from top to bottom according to
Secondary to be provided with upper, middle and lower layer, upper layer packing material is honeycomb filler；Middle layer hollow out is highly 20-30cm；Lower layer be pelelith and
River sand.
5. freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sedimentation basin, which uses to have, to be prevented
The brick mix structure of function is seeped, for circle, Chi Shen 80-90 cm.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111204920A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-29 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture |
| CN111620527A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-04 | 通化师范学院 | Method and system for treating cold water fish culture water body in northern mountain area |
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Application publication date: 20190621 |