CN108812496A - A kind of fish and vegetable symbiotic system is applied with it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a fish and vegetable symbiosis system and its application. The fish and vegetable symbiosis system includes a water inlet, a water storage tank, at least one filter tank, a vegetable planting pipeline, a water outlet, a waste liquid treatment tank, and a fish breeding tank connected in sequence. , the height of the fish farming tank is lower than the position of the waste liquid treatment tank. In the fish and vegetable symbiotic system of the present invention, vegetables are first planted in the vegetable planting pipeline, and fish are cultivated in the fish farming tank; then the water in the fish farming tank is transported to the water storage tank, and filtered through the filter tank After that, it is transported to the vegetable planting pipeline; finally, it is transported to the waste liquid treatment tank, and after treatment, it is transported back to the fish tank. The formation of water circulation in this way can transform eutrophic water into water suitable for the survival of aquatic organisms, and at the same time use the nutrients in eutrophic water as plant fertilizers, reducing the waste of water resources and helping to reduce costs.

Description

A kind of aquaponics system and its application

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological planting and breeding methods, in particular to an aquaponics system and its application.

Background technique

At present, in the field of aquaculture technology, during the aquaculture process of fish ponds, aquatic organisms will emit excrement after eating feed, and the excrement contains ammonia, so that the water body of the fish pond also contains ammonia, which improves the eutrophication of the water body The eutrophication of water is not conducive to the growth of aquatic organisms, and even affects the normal growth and development of aquatic organisms. Therefore, in order to prevent the eutrophication of water from causing harm to aquatic organisms, farmers need to replace part of the cultured organisms regularly. Water, so as to ensure that the water quality of aquaculture water meets the growth needs of aquatic organisms.

However, if the aquaculture water is directly discharged, on the one hand, it will cause waste of water resources and increase the cost of aquaculture, and at the same time, the direct discharge of the aquaculture water rich in ammonia will also cause certain pollution.

For this reason, it is necessary to propose improvements aimed at the problems existing in the prior art. Fish and vegetable symbiosis is a new type of compound farming system. It combines aquaculture and plant vegetable cultivation, two completely different farming techniques, through ingenious ecological design, to achieve scientific synergy and symbiosis, so as to achieve little or no fish farming. Water, to achieve no water quality worries, little or no fertilization of vegetables, to achieve the ecological symbiosis effect of normal growth.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point of prior art and provide a kind of aquaponics system and its application, this aquaponics system can reduce the waste of water resource, rationally utilize the nutrient substance in the water body of eutrophication, change Turning waste into treasure reduces the cost of farming.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fish and vegetable symbiosis system, including a water inlet, a water storage tank, at least one filter tank, a vegetable planting pipeline, a water outlet, a waste liquid treatment tank, and a fish breeding tank connected in sequence , the height of the fish farming tank is lower than the position of the waste liquid treatment tank.

Further, the aquaponics system includes multi-stage filter tanks, and the filter tanks of each stage are connected in sequence.

Further, the aquaponics system includes two stages of filter tanks, namely a first filter tank and a second filter tank, and the first filter tank communicates with the second filter tank.

Further, the vegetable planting pipeline is made of PVC pipe.

Further, gauze is provided on the drain outlet.

Further, water quality regulators, photosynthetic bacteria and digestive bacteria are added to the waste liquid treatment tank.

Further, the aquaponics system further includes a water pump connected to the fish tank.

Further, the fish breeding water tank includes several water tanks connected in sequence, the first water tank is connected to the waste liquid treatment tank, and the last water tank is connected to the water pump; each of the water tanks is equipped with an opening holes, and the heights of the openings decrease sequentially from the first water tank to the last water tank.

The present invention also provides an application of a fish and vegetable symbiosis system. The specific application method is to plant vegetables in the vegetable planting pipeline first, and breed fish in the fish farming tank; then transport the water in the fish farming tank to the water storage tank After being filtered by the filter tank, it is transported to the vegetable planting pipeline, and finally transported to the waste liquid treatment tank for treatment and then transported back to the fish tank.

Preferably, the types of cultivated vegetables are selected from vegetable, melon and fruit plants with well-developed root systems and strong processing capabilities.

Utilize the well-developed root system and huge absorption surface area to carry out water purification treatment. Choose vegetables that grow rapidly (vine vegetables) at the same time as fish, grow rapidly, like fertilizer and water, and have a particularly large demand for nitrogen fertilizer. Not only can there be a better harvest, but at the same time it can solve the risk of eutrophication in aquaculture water. At the same time, vegetables generally choose leafy vegetables, which is convenient for management. For example, lettuce, fungus, water spinach, purple back vegetable, leaf beet, endive, Jingshui vegetable, parsley, green onion, watercress, etc. can all achieve ideal results. It is mainly planted by transplanting. The cultivated vegetable seedlings are fixed with a substrate and put into the holes of the hydroponic vegetable planting pipes to survive. This method is quick and simple to operate and has a high survival rate. Harvesting can be done by hand picking, scissors, and sickle harvesting. Methods such as hand picking and scissors cutting are selective and have no effect on growth. Sickle harvesting has the characteristics of fast, large range, time-saving and labor-saving, but its poor selectivity will affect the subsequent growth of vegetables. As a small family system, the method of hand picking is generally used.

Preferably, the fishes to be farmed are selected from the three categories of economical edible fish, high-grade rare fish or ornamental fish. No matter which one is selected for farming, the following principles should be followed:

(1) Strong physique, no injury or disease, strong adaptability, choose the best variety suitable for the local climate;

(2) It is suitable for high-density breeding environment, and the demand for oxygen is not harsh;

(3) Varieties with fast growth, strong disease resistance and large excretion;

(4) The species that do not cannibalize each other, attack each other, and are easy to catch.

Preferably, the common economical edible fishes are tilapia, Zhongke No. 3 crucian carp, Furui carp, catfish, snakehead, loach, and field eel.

Preferably, the high-grade and valuable fish are perch, rainbow trout, long-breasted squid, Thai shrimp, Roche shrimp, and hairy crab.

Preferably, the ornamental fishes are koi, goldfish, and golden beckoning cats.

Preferably, the fish species are disinfected before entering the tank, using 10mg/L bleaching powder or 8mg/L copper sulfate solution for about 20 minutes for disinfection, or using both drugs at the same time, or using 3%-5% sodium chloride solution Soak the fish body for 20-30 minutes and other methods to disinfect, kill the foreign pathogens carried and reduce the damage to the fish body. During the breeding process, appropriate feed can be fed according to the breed, and the feeding amount is 3%-5% of the body weight. The feeding time is 8:00-9:00 in the morning and 4:30-5:30 in the afternoon. , Regularly check the water quality, measure dissolved oxygen, pH value and ammonia nitrogen content.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the fish and vegetable symbiosis system of the present invention forms a water cycle, which can convert eutrophic water into water suitable for the survival of aquatic organisms, and at the same time use the nutrients in the eutrophic water as plant fertilizers , to achieve the purpose of turning waste into wealth, reduce the waste of water resources, and help reduce costs. In addition, the position of the waste liquid treatment tank is lower than the drain and higher than the design of the fish tank, which is conducive to the use of the treated water for fish farming. This circulation system only needs to use a pump, which saves operating costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the aquaponics system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and effect of the present invention more clear and definite, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The present invention provides a fish and vegetable symbiosis system, as shown in Figure 1, which includes a water inlet 1, a water storage tank 2, a filter tank 3, a vegetable planting pipeline 4, a water outlet 5, a waste liquid treatment tank 6, a fish farming Water tank 7, the height of the fish farming water tank 7 is lower than the position of the waste liquid treatment tank 6. A water pump 8 is connected behind the fish tank 7, and the water pump 8 is used to transport the water in the fish tank 7 to the water storage tank 2.

Based on the above structure, the fish and vegetable symbiotic system of the present invention transports the eutrophicated water in the fish tank 7 to the water storage tank 2 through the pump 8, and digests bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria in the water storage tank 2 to remove the ammonia nitrogen in the fish culture water body. , Nitrite is decomposed into nitrate, and then transported to the filter tank 3 for disinfection and filtration, and then transported to the vegetable planting pipeline 4, where the nitrate is absorbed by the plants in the vegetable planting pipeline 4 as nutrients, and the plants purify the water at the same time , the water discharged from the vegetable planting pipeline 4 will be transported to the waste liquid treatment tank 6 through the water outlet 5, and finally the water will be transported back to the fish tank 7.

In this embodiment, the filter tank 3 is a multi-stage filter tank. The first-stage filter tank is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp for aeration and disinfection, and the second-level filter tank uses filter cotton and loose body rings for filtration.

In this embodiment, the vegetable planting pipelines 4 all adopt PVC pipes, and the vegetable planting pipelines 4 can choose 50 pipe diameters, 75 pipe diameters, 110 pipe diameters, and 160 pipe diameters, and 50 and 75 pipe diameters are suitable for leafy vegetables. The 110 diameter is suitable for leafy vegetables and hydroponic flowers, and the 160 diameter is suitable for large leafy vegetables, hydroponic flowers, fruits and vegetables. The specific reason is related to the root system of the plant. The length of the pipeline depends on the area of the breeding space, generally 2-4 meters is appropriate. The PVC pipe is too short, resulting in limited planting quantity, which cannot meet the demand. Too long PVC pipe is not conducive to operation and requires high water volume.

In this embodiment, the drain port 5 is provided with a gauze place to prevent leaves or other residues from clogging the drain port.

In this embodiment, an appropriate amount of water quality regulator, photosynthetic bacteria, digestive bacteria and other probiotics are added to the waste liquid treatment tank 6 to remove excess nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other harmful components in the waste liquid that are not absorbed by vegetables.

In this embodiment, the fish farming water tank 7 is provided with several water tanks, the first water tank is connected to the waste liquid treatment tank, the last water tank is connected to the water pump 8, and several water tanks in the middle are connected in series Connection, there are holes on the wall of the water tank, and the height of the openings decreases from the first water tank to the last water tank in turn, and the micro-flow water is formed by the series effect, and the micro-flow water culture is carried out. On the one hand, it can increase the breeding density and increase the output. ; On the other hand, it can increase dissolved oxygen, reduce costs and improve survival rate.

In the present embodiment, the fish tank 7 is followed by a water pump 8, and a small water pump is installed in the last stage of the fish tank to pump the cultured water into the water storage tank to form a circulating water system.

Lettuce is planted in the vegetable planting pipeline 4 of the aquaponics system in the above embodiment, and tilapia is cultured in the fish tank 7. Before breeding, the fish body is disinfected and soaked with 10 mg/L bleaching powder for about 20 minutes. During the breeding process, the feeding amount is 3% to 5% of the body weight. The feeding time is 9:00 am and 5:00 pm respectively. Regularly check the water quality, measure dissolved oxygen, transparency, pH value and ammonia nitrogen content, monitor Water quality. The dissolved oxygen, pH value and ammonia nitrogen content in this embodiment are compared with the water quality in other common fish tanks, and the results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1: Comparative results of dissolved oxygen, pH value and ammonia nitrogen content of this embodiment and comparative examples

This embodiment comparative example Dissolved oxygen mg/L 6.6-8.1 4.7-6.2 Transparency cm 25-28 16-21 pH value 7.2-8.2 8.0-9.2 Ammonia nitrogen content mg/L 0.01-0.09 0.19-0.29 Nitrite 0.03-0.15 0.22-0.34

It can be seen that the adoption of the fish and vegetable symbiosis system of the present invention can reduce the pH value and ammonia nitrogen content in the fish tank water, and improve dissolved oxygen and water quality.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation manner of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A fish-vegetable symbiosis system, characterized in that, comprises successively connected water inlets, water storage tanks, at least one level of filter tanks, vegetable planting pipelines, outfalls, waste liquid treatment tanks, fish tanks, and the fish tanks The height is lower than the position of the waste liquid treatment tank. 2. The aquaponics system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the aquaponics system comprises multi-stage filter tanks, and the filter tanks at each stage are connected in sequence. 3. The aquaponics system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the aquaponics system comprises two stages of filter tanks, respectively the first filter tank and the second filter tank, the first filter tank and the second filter tank The slots are connected. 4. The aquaponics system according to claim 1, wherein the material of the vegetable planting pipe is PVC pipe. 5. The fish and vegetable symbiosis system according to claim 1, wherein a gauze is arranged on the outlet. 6. The fish and vegetable symbiosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that a water quality regulator, photosynthetic bacteria and digestive bacteria are added in the waste liquid treatment tank. 7. The aquaponics system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the aquaponics system further comprises a water pump, and the water pump is connected to the fish tank. 8. The fish and vegetable symbiosis system according to claim 6, wherein the fish farming water tank comprises several water tanks connected in sequence, the first water tank is connected with the waste liquid treatment tank, and the last water tank is connected with the waste liquid treatment tank. The water pump is connected; each of the water tanks is provided with openings, and the heights of the openings decrease sequentially from the first water tank to the last water tank. 9. The application of the aquaponics system as claimed in claim 1 in ecological cultivation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: first planting vegetables in the vegetable planting pipeline, and then planting vegetables in the fish farming tank Fish farming; then the water in the fish tank is transported to the water storage tank, filtered by the filter tank and then sent to the vegetable planting pipeline; finally transported to the waste liquid treatment tank for treatment and then sent back to the fish tank. 10. The application of the fish and vegetable symbiosis system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, before entering the tank, fish species are sterilized, using 10mg/L bleaching powder or 8mg/L copper sulfate solution to soak for 20 minutes, or using 3 %-5% sodium chloride solution for soaking fish body for 20-30 minutes.