CN111204920A - Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture - Google Patents
Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111204920A CN111204920A CN201911363985.3A CN201911363985A CN111204920A CN 111204920 A CN111204920 A CN 111204920A CN 201911363985 A CN201911363985 A CN 201911363985A CN 111204920 A CN111204920 A CN 111204920A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pool
- sewage collecting
- tail
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating tail water of mountain running water aquaculture, which is a main measure for ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of mountain running water aquaculture industry by treating the aquaculture tail water and then discharging the aquaculture tail water to reach the standard aiming at the characteristics of large water flow, high aquaculture density, high unit area yield, secondary or repeated water use, direct tail water discharge and the like of a traditional mountain running water aquaculture mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural freshwater aquaculture, in particular to a method for treating tail water of mountain running water aquaculture.
Background
The Guizhou province has rich cold water resources, excellent water quality and no pollution, and has unique natural conditions for developing the culture of cold water (sub-cold water) fishes such as sturgeons, salmon and trout; since the introduction and popularization of sturgeon mountainous area cultivation technology, the cultivation area in Guizhou province is continuously increased, and the proportion of the output in the total output of the whole country is continuously increased.
In recent years, fishery development needs to be adhered to with ecological priority to strengthen resource maintenance due to social needs or development needs; the development mode of the breeding industry is required to be actively changed, and water saving, emission reduction, clean production, low-carbon circulation and sustainable development are promoted; mainly through accelerating the water saving and emission reduction of the propulsion culture; guiding and encouraging cultivation water saving and emission reduction transformation, and mainly supporting the upgrading transformation of environmental protection facilities such as wastewater treatment, recycling water, net cage feces and residual bait collection and the like; meanwhile, the compulsory standard of the breeding wastewater discharge is promoted to be formulated, the innovation and the application of the breeding technology are enhanced, and the breeding wastewater discharge reaching the standard is realized.
Related industries also emphasize that the aquaculture tail water treatment is developed, the waste collection facilities of the aquaculture net cages are popularized and used, the ecological water inlet and outlet system transformation of a centralized connected pond is supported, and the circulating water transformation of industrial aquaculture is supported. Under the background that the current countries and provinces put forward the strategy of industrial transformation and energy conservation and emission reduction and the market demand is increasing day by day, developing an environment-friendly cultivation mode is a necessary trend of sustainable development of fishery, and according to the research results of the cold water fish industry at present, only very individual enterprises develop simple tail water treatment at present, so that tail water treatment is developed according to local conditions aiming at the pipelining cultivation industry in mountainous areas, the tail water treatment is a necessary measure for vigorously developing ecological green fishery, and is one of the main actions for vigorously practicing the strategic action of 'big ecology'.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mountainous area running water culture tail water treatment method, which aims at the characteristics of high culture density and large water flow of a Guizhou mountainous area running water culture mode, develops and integrates physical and biological purification suitable for mountainous area running water culture tail water treatment by using treatment effects of different water treatment systems on running water culture tail water, and meets the requirement of an ecological tail water treatment system so as to achieve the aim of meeting the requirement of a discharge standard or recycling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture comprises the following steps:
step one, physical treatment;
firstly, a tail water overflow channel: under the condition of avoiding elevation loss, tail water of the farm is introduced into an overflow channel, so that the tail water overflows to the plane screen on the same horizontal plane, and the width of the overflow channel is consistent with the arrangement width of the screen plate. When the water amount is reduced in a dry period, a water baffle can be placed in the overflow channel, and the overflow amount of unit width is adjusted by reducing the width of the overflow surface so as to ensure the flow rate of tail water and the washing and filtering effect of the sieve plate;
secondly, a sewage collecting groove: the tail water passing through the sieve plate entrains solid pollutants, flows into the sewage collecting tank and settles at the bottom of the tank; transferring the solid pollutants into a sewage collection tank by the following two ways:
1. the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is horizontal, and the sewage is sucked into the sewage collecting tank in a translation mode by a water pump, and the sewage collecting tank is not connected with the sewage collecting tank.
2. The bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined by 5-10% and inclines towards one end of the sewage collecting tank, and solid pollutants move and collect towards the sewage collecting tank by means of self gravity; or the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined towards two ends, namely two sewage collecting tanks are arranged; the sewage collecting pool is square or round; the height difference between the bottom and the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is 2 m-3 m;
3. the solid pollutants in the sewage collecting pool are periodically pumped out and transported outside to be used as fertilizer for digestion and utilization;
step two, ecological treatment;
firstly, an ecological treatment pool: the ecological treatment pool receives physically treated tail water, the pool shape is built according to the topography of the farm, and the water inflow is 0.1m3When the water retention time is within the range of 2-5h, the area of the ecological treatment pool is larger than or equal to 1 mu in proportion, the depth of the pool is 1.5-2.5 m, and the water retention time is designed.A water retaining wall and a subsurface flow wall are arranged in the pool;
secondly, an ecological treatment device: a biological floating bed is erected in a water-slow area in an ecological treatment tank to plant water-purifying plants for absorbing water-soluble nutrients; biological filter materials are arranged between the water retaining walls; finally, a periodic anaerobic/aerobic operation environment is formed in the ecological treatment tank by adopting a water inlet-aeration strategy, so that the aim of removing phosphorus is fulfilled;
step three, aquatic organisms: the method combines the planting of aquatic plants and the raising of aquatic animals in an ecological treatment pool to decompose the nutrients in the tail water.
Preferably, the plane screen is of a square structure, and the gap direction of the plane screen is perpendicular to the tail water flow direction.
Preferably, the screen mesh of the plane screen is sized and the inclination of the screen mesh is set to realize the water passing amount of the plane screen is 0.01-0.03m3The ratio is preferably in the range of s.
Preferably, the water retaining wall is arranged between the water inlet end and the water discharge section of the ecological treatment pool, and the distance is 10-20 m; the height of the wall body of the water retaining wall is not lower than the normal water level of the pool by 20 cm; the water passing sectional areas of the two opening modes ensure stable water passing and ensure that water flow in the tank moves in a Z shape, so that the flow speed of the water flow is reduced and the processing stroke of the water flow in the tank is increased;
preferably, the wall surface of the water retaining wall is provided with a porous structure, and the lower end of the joint of the wall body of the water retaining wall and the pool edge is provided with a permeable hole more than 20cm away from the pool bottom, so that a dead water area is avoided.
Preferably, 1-2 undercurrent walls are arranged between the water retaining walls close to the drainage end, the wall thickness is 0.8m-2.0m, matrix fillers are filled in the undercurrent walls, the fillers have no impurities, and the diameters of the fillers on two sides are larger than that of the middle filler; the submerged wall has the advantages that water enters from the lower part of the water retaining surface and water exits from the upper part of the back water surface.
Preferably, the offshore end and the two sides of the floating bed are fixed by sealed plastic pipes or bamboos, and the erection area of the floating bed can occupy 1/5-1/4 of the total water surface area of the ecological treatment pool.
Preferably, the biological filter material is made of a material with large specific surface area and a plurality of gaps, so that nitrobacteria can be attached and grown, ammonia nitrogen in decomposed water can be absorbed, a fishing net mesh with the mesh of 1 cm-2 cm is used for sewing a square mesh bag with the mesh of 10cm by 20cm or a cylindrical mesh bag with the diameter of 10cm and the length of 20cm-30cm, and the filter material is filled into the mesh bag; piles are arranged between two adjacent water retaining walls 5cm to 10cm below a water level line or on a wall body, nylon ropes are sequentially connected at equal heights in the vertical direction at intervals of 20cm to 30cm and at a distance of 30cm from the bottom of the pool, a middle part can be fixed by adding the piles for keeping stability, filter material mesh bags are bound on the nylon ropes at intervals of 20cm to 60cm, and a filter layer is formed at intervals of 40cm to 60 cm.
Preferably, a fountain aerator is configured according to 0.22-0.35 kw/mu, an anaerobic/aerobic operating environment is formed in a period through a water inlet-aeration strategy, so that the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria absorb volatile fatty acid under anaerobic conditions, convert the volatile fatty acid into polyhydroxyalkanoate and store the polyhydroxyalkanoate in the body, and then are oxidized and decomposed under aerobic conditions to fully absorb phosphate in water so as to achieve the purpose of removing phosphorus. Meanwhile, aeration is carried out in the period, NH4+ -N can be converted into NO through nitrification under aerobic condition3-N, and reducing NO in water by denitrification under anoxic zone3-N concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention aims at the characteristics of large water flow, high culture density, high unit area yield, secondary or repeated water use, direct tail water discharge and the like of the traditional flowing water culture mode in mountainous areas, is a main measure for ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of the flowing water culture industry in mountainous areas by treating the culture tail water and then discharging the culture tail water to reach the standard, and the tail water treatment is a process for repairing the water body before recycling or discharging the tail water, aiming at removing or reducing solid particles, soluble organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and other culture pollutants in the water body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the technology selects two enterprises for culturing sturgeons in running water in Suiyang county and Lipbo county of Guizhou province, and tests are run and demonstrated.
Several key technical points of the technology include:
1. comparing and selecting a physical treatment system and researching a sewage collecting effect; the method mainly performs test evaluation on the micro-filter, the arc screen, the plane screen, the rotational flow sedimentation tank and the composite application effect thereof which are commonly used at home and abroad at present, and selects the stabilization treatment system which has strong sewage collection capability, simple operation, convenient management, low manufacturing cost and low operation cost and is suitable for mountain running water culture.
2. Designing a tail water treatment system process; and finishing process design according to the actual terrain of the farm to finish a tail water treatment scheme.
3. And (5) screening the fish species which are polycultured in the ecological treatment tank. The mixed culture fish does not feed, and the feces and feed residues produced by the main culture variety are taken as feed, so that the utilization rate of nutrient substances is improved, the discharge of solid pollutants is reduced, and the yield is increased.
4. The ecological treatment tank is in a biological purification combined mode; different biological purification combination modes of' filter omnivorous fish + aquatic plant + benthos + probiotics + and the like are constructed in the ecological pond, and the biological combination with good removal efficiency on soluble nutrient substances nitrogen and phosphorus is screened.
5. Screening cheap biological filter materials suitable for the growth of the denitrogenation dominant bacteria and researching the denitrogenation effect.
6. And detecting the water quality change of different treatment areas.
7. Comprehensive evaluation and demonstration of secondary water use effect of the tail water treatment system, and summarizing the tail water treatment mode suitable for mountain area running water culture through the constructed physical filtration and biological purification treatment mode so as to facilitate demonstration and popularization.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
physical processing method
Tail water overflow channel
Under the condition of avoiding elevation loss as much as possible, tail water of the farm is introduced into the overflow channel, so that the tail water overflows to the plane screen on the same horizontal plane, and the width of the overflow channel is consistent with the arrangement width of the screen plate. When the water quantity is reduced in the dry season, a water baffle can be placed in the overflow channel, and the overflow quantity of the unit width is adjusted by reducing the width of the overflow surface so as to ensure the flow rate of tail water and the washing and filtering effect of the sieve plate.
Selection and installation of (II) plane screen
1. Selection of flat screens
(1) Material of
Stainless steel 304.
(2) Shape and structure
Determining the shape according to the height difference and the vertical horizontal distance between the tail water outlet and the sewage collecting tank, and factors such as convenience in installation, maintenance and management, and customizing to manufacturers. Usually rectangular or square, with the direction of the gap perpendicular to the direction of the water flow.
Length and width: 1200mm 1000mm (1200 mm perpendicular to the slit direction);
screening wires: 2mm wide and 3mm thick;
screen wire gap: 0.5mm (the screen wire has large gaps, large water passing amount and poor filtering effect, and the test shows that when the screen wire has gaps of 0.5mm, the water passing amount and the filtering effect can be considered);
the supporting strips are: perpendicular to the gap direction, the gap was 27mm, the width was 3mm, and the thickness was 34 mm.
2. Installation of a flat screen
(1) Gradient of inclination
The inclination of the sieve plate is inversely proportional to the flow of the water passing, the large inclination has good effect of flushing the dirt, but the flow of the water passing is small. Otherwise, the water passing amount is large. The flow of water through the inclined screen deck separates the solids from the liquid and causes the solids to migrate toward the downstream end of the screen deck. Therefore, the inclination setting range is 35-45 degrees under the general condition of comprehensively considering factors such as the height difference of the water level of the tail water outlet and the sewage collecting tank, the water passing amount, the flow speed, the flushing effect and the like.
(2) Number of sieve plates
The water passing amount of the sieve plate with the specification of the invention is about 0.01-0.02m according to different gradients3And/s, setting the number of the sieve plates according to the total water flow. In principle, the maximum water passing amount in the rich water period is satisfied, and the width of the overflow surface of the tail water can be reduced in the dry water period so as to ensure the flow rate of the tail water and the washing effect of the sieve plate.
(3) Screen deck installation
Galvanized angle steel (30mm x 30mm, thickness 2mm) is used for manufacturing frames according to the size of a single sieve plate, two ends of each frame are respectively connected with the water overflow surface of the water overflow channel and the top of the groove wall on one side of the sewage collecting groove, the frames are fixed by rivets, the gaps among the frames are leveled by cement mortar or glass cement, and the frames are closely arranged. The sieve plate is placed in the frame, and the sieve plate is flatly fixed in the frame by utilizing the self weight of the sieve plate and the pressure of water flow. The local uneven corner of the sieve plate can be fixed by spot welding.
(III) dirt collecting tank
The tail water passing through the sieve plate entrains solid pollutants, flows into the sewage collecting tank and settles at the bottom of the tank. The solid contaminants are transferred to the sump in two ways.
1. The bottom of the sewage collecting tank is horizontal, and the sewage is sucked into the sewage collecting tank in a translation mode by a water pump, and the sewage collecting tank is not connected with the sewage collecting tank.
2. The bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined by 5-10% and inclines towards one end of the sewage collecting tank, and solid pollutants move and collect towards the sewage collecting tank by means of self gravity; or the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined towards two ends, namely a middle-high sewage collecting tank and a middle-low sewage collecting tank. The sewage collecting pool is square or round and has an area of about 4m2And the height difference between the bottom and the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is 2 m-3 m.
3. And (4) periodically pumping out the solid pollutants in the sewage collection pool for outward transportation, and digesting and utilizing the solid pollutants as fertilizers.
Second, ecological treatment
(I) ecological treatment pool
The ecological treatment pool receives physically treated tail water, the pool shape is built according to the topography of the farm, and the water inflow is 0.1m3Area of ecological treatment pool in/sThe proportion of more than or equal to 1 mu is matched, the depth of the pool is 1.5m-2.5m, and the designed hydraulic retention time is about 3 h. A water retaining wall and a subsurface flow wall are arranged in the pool.
1. Water retaining wall
Building a plurality of water retaining walls between the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the ecological treatment pool, wherein the distance is different from 10m to 20m according to the water passing amount, and the wall body is 20cm higher than the normal water level of the pool water. The water passing sectional areas of the two opening modes ensure stable water passing and ensure Z-shaped water flow in the tank, so that the flow speed of the water flow is reduced and the treatment stroke of the water flow in the tank is increased.
The wall is built by double-hole cement bricks (length, width, height: 12, 24, 12) or porous cement bricks (length, width, height: 40, 20, 14), and the wall surface does not need to be leveled. The lower end of the joint side of the wall and the pool edge is more than 20cm away from the pool bottom, and a certain number of 10cm permeable holes are needed to avoid forming a dead water area.
2. Undercurrent wall
One or two undercurrent walls are built between the water retaining walls close to the drainage end, the wall thickness is 0.8-2.0m, matrix fillers such as broken stones, zeolite, cobblestones and the like are filled inside the undercurrent walls, the fillers are free of impurities, and the diameters of the fillers on two sides are larger than that of the fillers in the middle. The submerged wall enters water from the lower part of the water retaining surface, and the water outlet effect from the upper part of the back water surface is the best.
(II) ecological treatment device
1. Floating bed
In a relatively slow water area, a biological floating bed is erected to plant water purification plants and absorb water-soluble nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like. The offshore end and two sides of the floating bed are fixed by sealed plastic pipes or bamboos with the diameter of about 4cm, and the erection area of the floating bed can occupy 1/5-1/4 of the total water surface area of the ecological treatment pool.
2. Selection and arrangement of biological filter material
(1) The biological filter material is made of materials with large specific surface area and a plurality of gaps, so that nitrobacteria can be attached to grow, and ammonia nitrogen in the decomposed water can be absorbed. The biological filter material can be ordered from manufacturers or combined with natural resources in mountainous areas, bamboo, branches or bamboo carbon, wood carbon and other cheap materials are adopted, a fishing net sheet with the mesh of 1 cm-2 cm is used for sewing a square mesh bag of 10cm by 20cm or a cylindrical mesh bag with the diameter of 10cm and the length of 20cm-30cm, and the filter material is filled into the mesh bag.
(2) Between two adjacent water retaining walls, piles are arranged about 5cm to 10cm below the water level line or nylon ropes with the diameter of 0.5cm are sequentially connected with the wall body at equal heights at intervals of 20cm to 30cm in the vertical direction and 30cm away from the bottom of the pool, and the middle part can be additionally piled and fixed for keeping stability. 1 filter material mesh bag is bound on the nylon rope at intervals of 20cm to form a filter layer, and the distance between the filter layers is about 50 cm. The number of filter layers is set according to actual needs, the area of the ecological pool is small, the concentration of the tail water index substance is high, and the number of the filter layers is increased.
3. Aeration of air
A fountain aerator is arranged according to 0.22-0.35 kw/mu, an anaerobic/aerobic operating environment is formed in a period through a water inlet-aeration strategy, so that the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria can absorb volatile fatty acid under anaerobic conditions, convert the volatile fatty acid into polyhydroxyalkanoate and store the polyhydroxyalkanoate in the body, and then the polyhydroxyalkanoate is oxidized and decomposed under aerobic conditions to fully absorb phosphate in water so as to achieve the purpose of removing phosphorus. Meanwhile, the aeration is carried out in the period, and NH can be treated under aerobic condition4Conversion of + -N to NO by nitration3-N, and reducing NO in water by denitrification under anoxic zone3-N concentration.
(III) aquatic organisms
1. Aquatic plant
(1) An ecological treatment pool: aquatic vegetables, water hyacinth and other varieties are planted on the floating bed.
(2) Underflow wall: evergreen water iris, cattail or reed and the like.
2. Aquatic animal
(1) Filter feeding fish: selecting silver carp, bighead carp, paddlefish and other varieties. 100 and 200 silver carp and bighead carp seeds with the body length of more than 10cm can be bred on each mu of water surface.
(2) Omnivorous fish: selecting carp, crucian carp, longsnout catfish and the like. 50-100 fish seeds with the length of 9-10 cm can be put on the water surface per mu, no bait is thrown, and organic matters such as excrement, residual bait and algae discharged from the culture area are utilized to grow to control the water quality.
(3) Carnivorous fish: and (3) selecting snakeheads, mandarin fishes, weever fishes and the like, wherein 10 fish seeds with the body length of more than 10cm can be bred on each mu of water surface, and the quantity of wild fishes is controlled.
(4) Mollusk: the pearl oyster, the snail and the like are selected to control the water quality and the organic matters.
(IV) daily management and maintenance
1. Sieve plate
The sieve plate is periodically and manually brushed to remove sediments and algae on the surface of the sieve. The service life of the sieve plate is more than 5 years, and the sieve plate is checked and replaced regularly.
2. Undercurrent wall
The dry pond is flushed at high pressure once every year to remove deposited blockage.
3. Biological filter material
Cleaning once a year to remove deposited blockage. The material is inspected and replaced.
4. Aquatic organisms
(1) Aquatic plants: the plant is periodically fished and diluted, and the plant needs to be diluted once a month in the season of vigorous plant growth.
(2) Aquatic animals:
the fish were kept large and small each year in the dry pond and supplemented according to the above number density.
Third, treatment effect
The tail water treatment system has a solid pollutant removal rate of more than 95% and a water-soluble pollutant removal rate of more than 80% in a mountainous area running water culture mode.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, physical treatment;
firstly, a tail water overflow channel: under the condition of avoiding elevation loss, tail water of the farm is introduced into an overflow channel, so that the tail water overflows to the plane screen on the same horizontal plane, and the width of the overflow channel is consistent with the arrangement width of the screen plate. When the water amount is reduced in a dry period, a water baffle can be placed in the overflow channel, and the overflow amount of unit width is adjusted by reducing the width of the overflow surface so as to ensure the flow rate of tail water and the washing and filtering effect of the sieve plate;
secondly, a sewage collecting groove: the tail water passing through the sieve plate entrains solid pollutants, flows into the sewage collecting tank and settles at the bottom of the tank; transferring the solid pollutants into a sewage collection tank by the following two ways:
1) the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is horizontal, and the sewage is sucked into the sewage collecting tank in a translation mode by adopting a water pump, and the sewage collecting tank is not connected with the sewage collecting tank;
2. the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined by 5-10% and inclines towards one end of the sewage collecting tank, and solid pollutants move and collect towards the sewage collecting tank by means of self gravity; or the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is inclined towards two ends, namely two sewage collecting tanks are arranged; the sewage collecting pool is square or round; the height difference between the bottom and the bottom of the sewage collecting tank is 2 m-3 m;
3. the solid pollutants in the sewage collecting pool are periodically pumped out and transported outside to be used as fertilizer for digestion and utilization;
step two, ecological treatment;
firstly, an ecological treatment pool: the ecological treatment pool receives physically treated tail water, the pool shape is built according to the topography of a farm, when the water inflow is 0.1m3/s, the area of the ecological treatment pool is more than or equal to 1 mu in proportion, the pool depth is 1.5m-2.5m, and the designed hydraulic retention time is 2-5 h. A water retaining wall and a subsurface flow wall are arranged in the pool;
secondly, an ecological treatment device: a biological floating bed is erected in a water-slow area in an ecological treatment tank to plant water-purifying plants for absorbing water-soluble nutrients; a biological filter material is arranged between the water retaining walls; finally, a periodic anaerobic/aerobic operation environment is formed in the ecological treatment tank by adopting a water inlet-aeration strategy, so that the aim of removing phosphorus is fulfilled;
step three, aquatic organisms: the method combines the planting of aquatic plants and the raising of aquatic animals in an ecological treatment pool to decompose the nutrients in the tail water.
2. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plane sieve is of a square structure, and the gap direction of the plane sieve is perpendicular to the tail water flow direction.
3. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screen mesh size and the gradient of the plane screen are set to realize the water passing amount of 0.01-0.03m3The ratio is preferably in the range of s.
4. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water retaining wall is arranged between the water inlet end and the water discharge section of the ecological treatment pool, and the distance between the water inlet end and the water discharge section is 10-20 m; the height of the wall body of the water retaining wall is not lower than the normal water level of the pool by 20 cm; the water passing sectional areas of the two opening modes ensure stable water passing and ensure Z-shaped water flow in the tank, so that the flow speed of the water flow is reduced and the treatment stroke of the water flow in the tank is increased.
5. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water retaining wall surface is provided with a porous structure, and the lower end of the joint of the water retaining wall body and the pool edge is provided with a permeable hole more than 20cm away from the pool bottom, so that a dead water area is avoided.
6. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: 1-2 undercurrent walls are arranged between the water retaining walls close to the drainage end, the wall thickness is 0.8-2.0m, matrix fillers are filled in the undercurrent walls, the fillers have no impurities, and the diameters of the fillers on two sides are larger than that of the fillers in the middle; the submerged wall has the advantages that water enters from the lower part of the water retaining surface and water exits from the upper part of the back water surface.
7. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the offshore end and two sides of the floating bed are fixed by sealed plastic pipes or bamboos, and the erection area of the floating bed can occupy 1/5-1/4 of the total water surface area of the ecological treatment pool.
8. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biological filter material is made of materials with large specific surface area and a plurality of gaps, which is beneficial to the attachment growth of nitrobacteria and the absorption and decomposition of ammonia nitrogen in water, a fishing net mesh with the mesh of 1 cm-2 cm is sewn into a square mesh bag with the mesh of 10gm being 20cm or a cylindrical mesh bag with the diameter of 10cm and the length of 20cm-30cm, and the filter material is filled into the mesh bag; piles are arranged between two adjacent water retaining walls 5cm to 10cm below a water level line or on a wall body, nylon ropes are sequentially connected at equal heights at intervals of 20cm to 30cm in the vertical direction and 30cm away from the bottom of the pool, a filter material mesh bag is bound on the nylon ropes at intervals of 20cm to form a filter layer, and the distance between the filter layers is 40cm to 60 cm.
9. The method for treating the tail water of the mountain area flow water culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fountain aerator is arranged according to 0.22-0.35 kw/mu, an anaerobic/aerobic operating environment is formed in a period through a water inlet-aeration strategy, so that the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria can absorb volatile fatty acid under anaerobic conditions, convert the volatile fatty acid into polyhydroxyalkanoate and store the polyhydroxyalkanoate in the body, and then the polyhydroxyalkanoate is oxidized and decomposed under aerobic conditions to fully absorb phosphate in water so as to achieve the purpose of removing phosphorus. Meanwhile, in the period, the aeration is carried out, NH4+ -N can be converted into NO3- -N through nitrification under aerobic condition, and the concentration of NO3- -N in the water body is reduced through denitrification under anoxic strips.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911363985.3A CN111204920A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911363985.3A CN111204920A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111204920A true CN111204920A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
Family
ID=70783323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911363985.3A Pending CN111204920A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111204920A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112167148A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Based on mountain area is bred tail water cyclic utilization system |
| CN113415953A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-21 | 贵州大学 | Mountain area sloping field flowing water culture tail water treatment system |
| CN114315008A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Rotational flow dirt collection multistage sedimentation tail water treatment method for mountain area flowing water culture |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817619A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2010-09-01 | 南昌大学 | Method for treating piggery wastewater by sequencing batch biofilm reactor |
| KR101244388B1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-18 | 녹스 코리아(주) | Free water surface constructed wetland for nps control in livestock watershed area |
| WO2014026015A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Cambrian Innovation Inc. | Biological treatment systems utilizing selectively permeable barriers |
| CN106277313A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2017-01-04 | 吉林化工学院 | A kind of energy-saving and cost-reducing sequencing batch activated sludge processes technique and device |
| CN107935318A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南中彩生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding wastewater ecological management system |
| CN108178447A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of shrimp culture tail water treatment system |
| CN108432685A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-08-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The water environment of high load capacity aquaculture regulates and controls and circulating water culture system |
| CN108675552A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南骁睿农业生态科技有限公司 | A kind of sink concentrates the scrap concrete and tail water administering method of cultured fishes |
| CN108911135A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-30 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of processing method of waste water of livestock poultry |
| CN109095617A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-28 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | The ecosystem and purification method of subtropical zone composite type artificial wetland purifying sea water breeding water |
| CN109912134A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system |
| CN110590061A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Be suitable for ecological purification circulation system of inland freshwater aquaculture pond tail water |
-
2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911363985.3A patent/CN111204920A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817619A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2010-09-01 | 南昌大学 | Method for treating piggery wastewater by sequencing batch biofilm reactor |
| WO2014026015A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Cambrian Innovation Inc. | Biological treatment systems utilizing selectively permeable barriers |
| KR101244388B1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-18 | 녹스 코리아(주) | Free water surface constructed wetland for nps control in livestock watershed area |
| CN106277313A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2017-01-04 | 吉林化工学院 | A kind of energy-saving and cost-reducing sequencing batch activated sludge processes technique and device |
| CN108432685A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-08-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The water environment of high load capacity aquaculture regulates and controls and circulating water culture system |
| CN107935318A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南中彩生态环境科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding wastewater ecological management system |
| CN108178447A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of shrimp culture tail water treatment system |
| CN108675552A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南骁睿农业生态科技有限公司 | A kind of sink concentrates the scrap concrete and tail water administering method of cultured fishes |
| CN108911135A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-30 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of processing method of waste water of livestock poultry |
| CN109095617A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-28 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | The ecosystem and purification method of subtropical zone composite type artificial wetland purifying sea water breeding water |
| CN109912134A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of freshwater aquiculture tail water treatment system |
| CN110590061A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Be suitable for ecological purification circulation system of inland freshwater aquaculture pond tail water |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张洪流等: "《化工单元操作设备设计》", 31 December 2011, 华东理工大学出版社 * |
| 李旭东等: "《废水处理工艺及工程应用》", 30 June 2003, 机械工业出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112167148A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Based on mountain area is bred tail water cyclic utilization system |
| CN113415953A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-21 | 贵州大学 | Mountain area sloping field flowing water culture tail water treatment system |
| CN114315008A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Rotational flow dirt collection multistage sedimentation tail water treatment method for mountain area flowing water culture |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109095617B (en) | Ecological system for purifying seawater culture water by using compound artificial wetland in subtropical regions and purification method | |
| KR102242705B1 (en) | Recirculating aquaculture system use of Biofloc Technology | |
| CN107720973B (en) | Sewage treatment plant tail water constructed wetland treatment system | |
| CN104761057B (en) | A kind of charcoal modularity composite vertical current artificial wetland system | |
| CN2908484Y (en) | Animal culturing sewage treatment system | |
| CN111204920A (en) | Method for treating tail water of mountain running water culture | |
| CN102742536A (en) | Ecological seawater rare fish factorization circulating water aquaculture system | |
| CN103960193B (en) | The numerous foster water treatment system of Sungkiang weever of simulation natural ecological environment and Operations Management method | |
| CN87104165A (en) | Fish tank for intensive fish farming and process for operating such a fish tank | |
| CN101391855B (en) | Method for treating rural disperse sewage by using high load vermibiofilter | |
| CN113213710A (en) | Seawater factory greenhouse aquaculture penaeus vannamei tail water treatment system and method | |
| CN109775941A (en) | Sewage lagoon and sewage ecological treatment system based on graphene photochemical catalytic oxidation | |
| CN112806307A (en) | Fish, vegetable and shellfish symbiotic type engineering circulating water double-layer culture tank | |
| CN109349197A (en) | A kind of aquatic farm water circulation system and its control method | |
| KR100735830B1 (en) | Building type breeding ground | |
| CN111802309A (en) | Embedded land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system | |
| KR101170304B1 (en) | Polyculture system and method of fishes and marine polychaete | |
| CN114315008A (en) | Rotational flow dirt collection multistage sedimentation tail water treatment method for mountain area flowing water culture | |
| CN109912038A (en) | Sewage natural processing system | |
| CN215012708U (en) | Circulating water fish culture device integrating culture, tail water treatment and recycling | |
| CN111675461B (en) | Beehive type sludge in-situ reduction device and method | |
| CN211379280U (en) | Ecological net cage culture system | |
| CN110122398B (en) | Translocation circulating water ecological breeding system | |
| Liu et al. | Ecological engineering technologies for optimizing freshwater pond aquaculture | |
| CN1565175A (en) | Water purifying method and apparatus for recycled water breeding |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200529 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |