CN105934530A - 用于挡板阀的不锈钢 - Google Patents
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/021—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/607—Molten salts
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
Abstract
发明涉及用于压缩机中的挡板阀的冷轧和硬化的马氏体/奥氏体不锈钢带,其中所述钢带由包括如下的钢制成,以重量%(wt.%)计:C 0.3‑0.5、Si 0.2‑0.8、Mn 0.2‑1.0、Cr 12.0‑15.0、Mo 0.5‑2.00、N 0.02‑0.15、V 0.01‑0.20,所述钢带具有由回火马氏体和5‑15体积%奥氏体组成的基体以及1970‑2300Mpa的抗拉强度(Rm)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于压缩机中的挡板阀(瓣阀,止回阀,flapper valve)和其它簧片(reep)应用的不锈钢带。
背景技术
挡板或簧片阀用在其中为了特定目的而调节特定类型的压缩循环的多种类型的应用中。它可为在冰箱或在汽车的空气调节器(空调)中不间断地工作的密闭往复式压缩机中的制冷循环。挡板阀基本为由预硬化的钢带制成的弹簧(spring)。挡板阀以其最简单的形式为其中一端固定且相反端悬空的舌形,且调节压缩机中的液体或气体流动。挡板阀在其运行期间遭受周期性弯曲应力和周期性冲击应力。通常,这些周期性应力最终导致疲劳破坏(疲劳断裂,fatigue failure)。相应地,对于挡板阀材料而言,疲劳性质是最重要的。
本发明的钢带制成的挡板阀具有其通过如下的组合效果而最优化的疲劳性质:对所述钢的化学组成、非金属夹杂物和热处理的改进。
压缩机OEM要求具有较高的疲劳寿命的材料以改善压缩机的性能和寿命。
此外,在工业中对开发能量效率更高和更安静的压缩机存在日益增加的兴趣。性能系数(COP)可通过增大阀升程和通过减小阀的厚度而提高。因此,压缩机设计者要求除疲劳强度改善之外还具有提升的减震性质的阀材料。
用于簧片阀的现有钢种是经由常规的熔融、铸造、轧制和热处理工艺而制造的碳钢AISI 1095和不锈钢AISI 420的改型形式。然而,工业需求和导致的性能要求意味着未来的挡板簧片将愈加需要由具有提高的疲劳寿命预期和较高的减震性质的非常薄的钢带制成。
发明内容
本发明的总体目的是提供这样的用于挡板阀的预硬化的不锈钢带:其具有最优化的性质概况(profile),使得它可用于制造更高效和可靠的压缩机。
另一目的是提供这样的用于挡板阀的预硬化的不锈钢带:其降低挡板簧片对压缩机的总的噪声水平的贡献。
提供这样的经改善的钢带的制造方法也是本发明的目的。
通过提供具有如权利要求1中阐述的组成、显微结构和物理性质的冷轧和硬化的马氏体不锈钢带,前述目的以及额外的优点得以显著地实现。
发明定义在权利要求中。
具体实施方式
以下简要地解释所主张的合金的单独的元素和它们彼此的相互作用以及化学成分限制的重要性。钢的化学组成的全部百分比在整个说明书中以重量%(wt.%)给出。显微结构相的量以体积%(vol.%)给出。单独元素的上下限可在权利要求中阐述的界限内自由地组合。
碳(0.3-0.5%)
以0.3%、优选地至少0.32%、0.34%、0.36%或0.36%的最小含量存在。碳是具有相对大的在奥氏体中的溶解度的强奥氏体稳定剂。碳的上限为0.5%,且可设定为0.48%、0.46%、0.44%或0.42%。优选的范围为0.35-0.41%。在任何情况下,应该控制碳的量,使得所述钢中的M23C6、M7C3和M6C类型的一次碳化物的量受到限制,优选地所述钢不含这样的一次碳化物。
硅(0.2-0.8%)
硅用于脱氧。Si是强的铁素体形成物(former)且增大碳活度(活性)。Si也是有力的固溶体增强元素且使钢基体增强。这种效果在0.2%Si的含量下出现。优选的范围为0.30-0.60%。
锰(0.2-1.0%)
锰是奥氏体稳定剂且有助于改善所述钢的淬透性。因此,锰应以0.2%、优选地至少0.3%、0.35%或0.4%的最小含量存在。当Mn的含量过大时,在精工退火之后的残余奥氏体的量可过高。因此,所述钢应该包含最大1.0%、优选地最大0.8%、0.7%或0.65%的Mn。
铬(12.0-15.0%)
铬是铁素体稳定化元素,其被添加以赋予所述钢以耐蚀性。Cr需要以至少12.0%的含量存在以在钢表面上提供钝化膜。下限可为12.4%、12.6%、12.8%或13%。然而,当Cr的含量超出15%时,δ铁素体可形成。
钼(0.5-2.0%)
Mo是铁素体稳定剂并且已知具有对淬透性非常有利的效果。钼对于实现良好的二次硬化响应是必要的。最小含量为0.5%,且可被设定为0.6%、0.7%或0.8%。钼是强的碳化物形成元素且也是强的铁素体形成物。因此,钼的最大含量为2.0%。优选地,钼被限制到1.5%、1.3%或1.1%。
钒(0.01-0.20%)
钒在所述钢的基体中形成V(N,C)类型的均匀分布的细的沉淀碳化物、氮化物和碳氮化物。这种硬质相也可表示为MX,其中M主要为V,但是其它金属如Cr和Mo可一定程度地存在。X是C和N的一种或两者。因此,钒应以0.01-0.2%的量存在。上限可被设定至0.1%或0.08%。下限可为0.02%、0.03%、0.04或0.05%。
氮(0.02-0.15%)
氮是强的奥氏体形成物。将N限定至0.15%以获得期望的类型和量的硬质相,尤其是V(C,N)。较高的氮含量可导致加工硬化、边裂(边缘裂缝)和/或大量的残余奥氏体。当相对于钒含量适当地平衡氮含量时,富钒的碳氮化物V(C,N)将形成。这些将在奥氏体化步骤期间部分地溶解并然后在回火步骤期间沉淀为纳米尺寸的粒子。钒的碳氮化物的热稳定性被认为比钒的碳化物的热稳定性好。因此,在高的奥氏体化温度下对抗晶粒生长的抗性得以提升。下限可为0.02%、0.03%、0.04%或0.05%。上限可为0.12%、0.10%、0.08%或0.06%。
镍(≤2.0%)
镍是奥氏体形成物。Ni可以≤2.0%的量存在。它给予所述钢良好的淬透性和韧性。然而,由于昂贵,钢的镍含量应被限制。因此,上限可设定为1.0%、0.5%或0.5%。然而,正常情况下,不故意添加Ni。
钴(≤2.0%)
钴是奥氏体形成物。Co导致固相线温度提高,并因此提供升高硬化温度的机会。因此,在奥氏体化期间,可溶解较大部分的碳化物且由此提升淬透性。Co还提高Ms温度。然而,大量Co可导致降低的韧性和耐磨性。最大量为2%且可设定为0.5%。然而,由于实际原因例如废料处理,正常情况下不故意添加Co。
铜(≤2.0%)
Cu是奥氏体稳定化元素,但是具有低的在铁素体中的溶解度。Cu可有助于提高所述钢的硬度和耐蚀性。然而,一旦已经添加铜就不可能从所述钢提取铜。这急剧地使废料处理更困难。由于该原因,上限可为1.0%、0.5%或0.3%。正常情况下,不故意添加铜。
铝(≤0.06%)
铝可与Si和Mn组合用于脱氧。下限设定为0.001%、0.003%、0.005%或0.007%以保证良好的脱氧。上限限定为0.06%,以避免不期望的相例如AIN和硬的脆性氧化铝夹杂物的沉淀。上限可为0.05%、0.04%、0.03%、0.02%或0.015%。
钨(≤2%)
原则上,钼可被两倍量的钨所代替,这是因为它们的化学相似性。然而,钨是昂贵的并且它也使废金属的处理复杂化。因此,最大量限制为2%,优选地0.5%或0.3%,且最优选地不故意添加。
铌(≤0.05%)
铌和钒的相似之处在于它形成M(N,C)类型的碳氮化物并且原则上可用于代替一部分钒,但是和钒相比,要求双倍量的铌。然而,Nb导致M(N,C)的形状更尖(有角的,angular),且这些也比V(C,N)稳定得多,且因此在奥氏体化期间可能不被溶解。因此,最大量为0.05%,优选地0.01%,和最优选地不故意添加。
Ti、Zr和Ta(各自≤0.05%)
这些元素是碳化物形成物,且可以所主张的范围存在于所述合金中以改变硬质相的组成。然而,正常情况下,均不添加这些元素。
硼(≤0.01%)
可使用B以进一步提高所述钢的硬度。将量限制至0.01%、优选地≤0.005%或者甚至≤0.001%。
Ca和REM(稀土金属)
这些元素可以所主张的量添加至钢中以进一步改善热加工性和改进非金属夹杂物的形状。
杂质元素
P、S和O为对所述钢带的机械性质具有不利影响的主要杂质。因此,可将P限制至0.03%、优选地至0.01%。可将S限制至0.03%、0.01%、0.008%、0.0005%或0.0002%。可将O限制至0.003%、0.002%或0.001%。
本发明人已经系统地研究了改进的化学组成和改进的热处理对挡板阀材料的机械性质的影响。相对于常规材料对化学组成所作出的改进主要集中在氮和钒的增加,尽管一些益处还得益于奥氏体水平的增加和对如碳、锰和磷这样的元素更严格的控制。
使用不同的炉参数进行阀带的连续硬化以由常规的和改进的化学组成绘制材料的硬化响应。生产试验在恒定的线速度下以如下进行:在1000℃-1080℃范围内的硬化温度,淬火至在250℃-350℃范围内的温度的熔融铅合金中,且在220℃-600℃范围内的温度进行回火。
由这些硬化试验在常规材料上得到的机械性质对应于:
·屈服强度Rp0.2范围为1300MPa-1600MPa,
·抗拉强度Rm范围为1740MPa-2100MPa,
·伸长率A50范围为4%-6%
对具有改进的化学组成和非金属夹杂物内容物的材料进行另外的连续硬化试验。生产试验在恒定的线速度下以如下进行:在1050℃-1100℃范围内的硬化温度,淬火至在250℃-350℃范围内的温度的熔融铅合金中,且在220℃-600℃范围内的温度进行回火。
由另外的硬化试验在具有改进的化学组成和非金属夹杂物内容物的材料上得到的机械性质对应于:
·Rp0.2范围为1400MPa-1750MPa,
·Rm范围为1970MPa-2300MPa,
·A50范围为4%-8%
实施例
在该实施例中,将根据发明的不锈钢带与常规的不锈钢带进行比较。所研究的钢的组成如下:
用于硬化和回火试验的冷轧的带全部具有0.203mm的厚度和140mm的宽度。将所述带在以上提到的连续淬火炉中进行硬化和回火。根据ISO6892:2009进行抗拉强度测量。图1公开了作为奥氏体化温度的函数的拉伸性质。图2公开了作为回火温度的函数的拉伸性质。
工业实用性
发明的钢带可用于制造具有改善性质的压缩机用挡板阀。
Claims (12)
1.用于压缩机中的挡板阀的冷轧和硬化的马氏体/奥氏体不锈钢带,其中所述钢带
a)由以重量%(wt.%)计组成为如下的钢制成:
余量的铁和杂质,
b)具有由回火马氏体和5-15体积%的奥氏体组成的基体,
c)具有1970-2300MPa的抗拉强度(Rm),
d)具有0.07-3mm的厚度和≤500mm的宽度。
2.权利要求1的带,其满足以下要求的至少一项:
且其中P、S和O的杂质含量满足以下要求:
P ≤0.03
S ≤0.03
O ≤0.003。
3.权利要求1或2的带,其满足以下要求:
4.根据前述权利要求的任一项的带,其满足以下要求的至少一项:
2000-2200Mpa的抗拉强度(Rm),
1500-1750MPa的屈服强度(RP0.2),
570-650的维氏硬度(HV1),
4-9%的延伸度A50。
5.根据前述权利要求的任一项的带,其满足以下要求:
反向弯曲疲劳>850MPa。
6.根据前述权利要求的任一项的带,其具有0.1-1.5mm的厚度和/或5-150mm的宽度。
7.根据前述权利要求的任一项的带,其中最大球状夹杂物尺寸为6μm。
8.根据前述权利要求的任一项的带,其中主要夹杂物种类是具有4μm的最大宽度的硅酸盐类型。
9.根据权利要求1-8的任一项的带的制造方法,其中所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)热轧具有如权利要求1-3的任一项中定义的组成的钢,
b)将热轧的带冷轧至0.07-3mm的厚度,
c)将冷轧的带连续地硬化和回火,
d)任选地,纵切所述冷轧的带。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中在步骤c)中奥氏体化温度为1000-1150℃,且其中回火温度为200-600℃。
11.根据权利要求9或10的方法,其中所述硬化涉及使所述带在熔融的铅或铅合金浴中淬火,所述浴优选地保持250-350℃的温度。
12.根据权利要求9-11的任一项的方法,其中所使用的钢通过粉末冶金法制造,且其中所述钢的最大球状夹杂物尺寸为6μm。
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