CN105900689A - Cultivation method of pleurotus geesteranus - Google Patents
Cultivation method of pleurotus geesteranus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900689A CN105900689A CN201610336639.6A CN201610336639A CN105900689A CN 105900689 A CN105900689 A CN 105900689A CN 201610336639 A CN201610336639 A CN 201610336639A CN 105900689 A CN105900689 A CN 105900689A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of pleurotus geesteranus. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of 1 material preparing, wherein raw materials comprise, by weight, 54%-56% of corncobs, 36%-41% of cottonseed hulls, 3%-5% of bran, 0.8%-1.0% of lime powder, 0.5%-0.7% of gypsum, 0.08%-0.12% of carbendazim, 0.39%-0.63% of soybean cakes, 0.03%-0.05% of sugar, 0.1%-0.2% of urea and 0.1%-0.3% of compound fertilizer; 2 material mixing; 3 bagging; 4 material steaming for sterilization; 5 inoculating; 6 strain culturing; 7 fruiting managing; 8 harvesting. According to the cultivation method, the defects of low yield and low quality which are caused when the pleurotus geesteranus is cultivated by introducing a traditional cultivation medium and cultivation method to the north area of Anhui Province are overcome, and the pleurotus geesteranus cultivated through the method is suitable for being cultivated in the north area of Anhui Province, stable and high in yield, good in quality and fresh, tender and delicious in taste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of edible fungi, particularly relate to the cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus.
Background technology
Pleurotus geesteranus, taxonomy belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Pleurotaceae, pleurotus, this title of Pleurotus geesteranus derives from TaiWan, China, be business taste denseer a kind of Pleurotus sajor-caju, it is different from common Pleurotus sajor-caju, and its mushroom body is handsome little, handle is long 5-6 centimetre, lid diameter is less than 3 centimetres, so claiming elegant precious, Pleurotus geesteranus is because of profile clear and melodious, delicious flavour pleasing, fresh and tender, nutritious and obtain person sponging on an aristocrat's favorable comment.Along with the raising day by day of people's living standard, pollution-free food is increasingly favored by consumers in general, rich in protein in fresh mushroom, and amino acid classes is more, and in the 8 of needed by human, aminoacid is complete, enjoys consumer to like.
Edibility and economic worth due to Pleurotus geesteranus, some area introduces cultivation, at North-Anhui district, some peasant households are introducing cultivation equally, but when using traditional cultivation matrix and cultivation method Pleurotus geesteranus, there will be cultivating rate low, fruiting deformity, color and luster is shallower, handle is put on flesh the quality problems such as thin, and yield also can be greatly reduced, currently available technology does not propose solution for this technical problem, therefore, seek the Pleurotus geesteranus stable yields being suitable to North-Anhui district and cultivating, high yield, the Pleurotus geesteranus culture matrix of quality better and cultural method are problem demanding prompt solutions.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the disadvantages mentioned above overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that the cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, be suitable to North-Anhui district cultivation, the Pleurotus geesteranus stable and high yields of cultivation, quality better.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention means are: the cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, comprise the following steps:
(1) getting the raw materials ready, raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 54%-56%, cotton seed hulls 36%-41%, wheat bran 3%-5%, pulverized limestone 0.8%-1.0%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.5%-0.7%, carbendazim 0.08%-0.12%, soybean cake 0.39%-0.63%, sugar 0.03%-0.05%, carbamide 0.1%-0.2%, compound fertilizer 0.1%-0.3%；
(2) spice, after corn cob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran and soybean cake are pulverized, add other component mix homogeneously in raw material, uniformly it is sprinkled upon on material after sugar is dissolved in water, watering limit, limit stirring, its water content is made to reach 55%-58%, and composting 6-8 days, once and carried out stirring by interior order outward every turning in 1-2 days；
(3) packing, in a diameter of 20-22 centimetre of compound loading step (2) obtained, the bacterium bag of a length of 38-40 centimetre, the weight of the packed pan feeding of each bacterium is 1800 grams-2100 grams；
(4) steaming sterilizing, the compost loading bacterium bag step (3) obtained is put in material braising pool, and temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 35-40 hour, then stops heating, return to room temperature, take out bacterium bag；
(5) inoculation, the compost after the sterilizing loading bacterium bag step (4) obtained is inoculated at transfer room, during inoculation, checks that bacterium bag breakage, damaged bacterium bag abandon in time；
(6) spawn culture, the postvaccinal compost that step (5) obtains is put into culturing room carry out sending out bacterium cultivation 25-34 days, culturing room's temperature controls at 15 DEG C-24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%-60%, carried out a miscellaneous bacteria check every 3-5 days and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, in order to supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria in time；
(7) management of producing mushroom, when bacterium bag surface starts to occur little former base, moves into fruiting field bacterium bag and carries out management of producing mushroom, and fruiting field temperature controls at 15 DEG C-25 DEG C, and widens day and night temperature and control at 9 DEG C-12 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%-90%；Ventilation in good time, is maintained at below 400ppm by gas concentration lwevel；Employing astigmatism is irradiated, and intensity of illumination controls at 700Lx-900Lx；
(8) gather, when mushroom lid is less than 2cm, pluck mushroom.
Further, in step (5), transfer room carried out disinfection sterilization treatment by disinfectant before inoculation, close transfer room door and window, use 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim that inoculation Robot for indoor spray disinfection, disinfecting time are inoculated after maintaining 36-42 hour again；Before inoculation, the potassium permanganate solution that personnel and equipment use concentration to be 1:1000-1500 carries out disinfection；Inoculation time is less than 4 hours.
Further, in step (6), carrying out disinfection culturing room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before spawn culture, pulverized limestone spills on ground in culturing room, and uses 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim to spray twice disinfection.
Further, in step (6), under its cultivation temperature with relative humidity, it is aerated ventilation, ventilates sooner or later during temperature height；During winter, need lid thin film to send out bacterium, within 1-2 days, ventilate once.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solve traditional cultivation matrix and cultural method introduces low yield and the shortcoming of low-quality that North-Anhui district cultivation Pleurotus geesteranus causes, the Pleurotus geesteranus of the method cultivation is suitable to North-Anhui district cultivation, high and stable yields, quality better, Pleurotus geesteranus taste is fresh and tender, delicious and tasty.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is will be better understood that by following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, comprises the following steps:
(1) getting the raw materials ready, raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 54%, cotton seed hulls 41%, wheat bran 3%, pulverized limestone 0.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.5%, carbendazim 0.08%, soybean cake 0.39%, sugar 0.03%, carbamide 0.1%, compound fertilizer 0.1%；
(2) spice, after corn cob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran and soybean cake are pulverized, add other component mix homogeneously in raw material, uniformly it is sprinkled upon on material after sugar is dissolved in water, watering limit, limit stirring, its water content is made to reach 55%, and composting 6 days, once and carried out stirring by interior order outward every turning in 1 day；
(3) packing, in a diameter of 20 centimetres of compound loading step (2) obtained, the bacterium bag of a length of 38 centimetres, the weight of the packed pan feeding of each bacterium is 1800 grams；
(4) steaming sterilizing, the compost loading bacterium bag step (3) obtained is put in material braising pool, and temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 35 hours, then stops heating, return to room temperature, takes out bacterium bag；
(5) inoculation, the compost after the sterilizing loading bacterium bag step (4) obtained is inoculated at transfer room, during inoculation, checks that bacterium bag breakage, damaged bacterium bag abandon in time；
(6) spawn culture, the postvaccinal compost that step (5) obtains being put into culturing room carry out sending out bacterium cultivation 25 days, culturing room's temperature controls at 15 DEG C, and air humidity is maintained at 50%, carried out a miscellaneous bacteria check every 3 days and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, in order to supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria in time；
(7) management of producing mushroom, when bacterium bag surface starts to occur little former base, moves into fruiting field bacterium bag and carries out management of producing mushroom, and fruiting field temperature controls at 15 DEG C, and widens day and night temperature and control at 9 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%；Ventilation in good time, is maintained at below 400ppm by gas concentration lwevel；Employing astigmatism is irradiated, and intensity of illumination controls at 700Lx；
(8) gather, when mushroom lid is less than 2cm, pluck mushroom.
In step (5), transfer room carried out disinfection sterilization treatment by disinfectant before inoculation, close transfer room door and window, use 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim that inoculation Robot for indoor spray disinfection, disinfecting time are inoculated after maintaining 36 hours again；Before inoculation, the potassium permanganate solution that personnel and equipment use concentration to be 1:1000 carries out disinfection；Inoculation time is less than 4 hours.
In step (6), carrying out disinfection culturing room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before spawn culture, pulverized limestone spills on ground in culturing room, and uses 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim to spray twice disinfection.
In step (6), under its cultivation temperature with relative humidity, it is aerated ventilation, ventilates sooner or later during temperature height；During winter, need lid thin film to send out bacterium, within 1-2 days, ventilate once.
Embodiment 2
The cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, comprises the following steps:
(1) getting the raw materials ready, raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 56%, cotton seed hulls 36%, wheat bran 5%, pulverized limestone 1.0%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.7%, carbendazim 0.12%, soybean cake 0.63%, sugar 0.05%, carbamide 0.2%, compound fertilizer 0.3%；
(2) spice, after corn cob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran and soybean cake are pulverized, add other component mix homogeneously in raw material, uniformly it is sprinkled upon on material after sugar is dissolved in water, watering limit, limit stirring, its water content is made to reach 58%, and composting 8 days, once and carried out stirring by interior order outward every turning in 2 days；
(3) packing, in a diameter of 22 centimetres of compound loading step (2) obtained, the bacterium bag of a length of 40 centimetres, the weight of the packed pan feeding of each bacterium is 2100 grams；
(4) steaming sterilizing, the compost loading bacterium bag step (3) obtained is put in material braising pool, and temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 40 hours, then stops heating, return to room temperature, takes out bacterium bag；
(5) inoculation, the compost after the sterilizing loading bacterium bag step (4) obtained is inoculated at transfer room, during inoculation, checks that bacterium bag breakage, damaged bacterium bag abandon in time；
(6) spawn culture, the postvaccinal compost that step (5) obtains being put into culturing room carry out sending out bacterium cultivation 34 days, culturing room's temperature controls at 24 DEG C, and air humidity is maintained at 60%, carried out a miscellaneous bacteria check every 5 days and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, in order to supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria in time；
(7) management of producing mushroom, when bacterium bag surface starts to occur little former base, moves into fruiting field bacterium bag and carries out management of producing mushroom, and fruiting field temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and widens day and night temperature and control at 12 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 90%；Ventilation in good time, is maintained at below 400ppm by gas concentration lwevel；Employing astigmatism is irradiated, and intensity of illumination controls at 900Lx；
(8) gather, when mushroom lid is less than 2cm, pluck mushroom.
Further, in step (5), transfer room carried out disinfection sterilization treatment by disinfectant before inoculation, close transfer room door and window, use 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim that inoculation Robot for indoor spray disinfection, disinfecting time are inoculated after maintaining 42 hours again；Before inoculation, the potassium permanganate solution that personnel and equipment use concentration to be 1:1500 carries out disinfection；Inoculation time is less than 4 hours.
In step (6), carrying out disinfection culturing room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before spawn culture, pulverized limestone spills on ground in culturing room, and uses 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim to spray twice disinfection.
In step (6), under its cultivation temperature with relative humidity, it is aerated ventilation, ventilates sooner or later during temperature height；During winter, need lid thin film to send out bacterium, within 1-2 days, ventilate once.
Embodiment 3
The cultural method of a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus, comprises the following steps:
(1) getting the raw materials ready, raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 55%, cotton seed hulls 38%, wheat bran 4.6%, pulverized limestone 0.9%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.6%, carbendazim 0.1%, soybean cake 0.4%, sugar 0.04%, carbamide 0.16%, compound fertilizer 0.2%；The addition of pulverized limestone and Gypsum Fibrosum can regulate compost pH value and provide Pleurotus geesteranus growth needed for calcareous；Soybean cake, carbamide and compound fertilizer provide the trace element needed for Pleurotus geesteranus growth；
(2) spice, after corn cob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran and soybean cake are pulverized, add other component mix homogeneously in raw material, uniformly it is sprinkled upon on material after sugar is dissolved in water, watering limit, limit stirring, its water content is made to reach 57%, and composting 7 days, once and carried out stirring by interior order outward every half turning in 1 day；There was added of sugar helps later stage softening mushroom, and spice fermentation makes the release of the nutritional labeling of compound, preferably cultivates growth for Pleurotus geesteranus and provides nutrient；
(3) packing, in a diameter of 21 centimetres of compound loading step (2) obtained, the bacterium bag of a length of 39 centimetres, the weight of the packed pan feeding of each bacterium is 2000 grams；The bacterium bag of this kind of specification is conducive to the inoculation of strain and later stage to cultivate；
(4) steaming sterilizing, the compost loading bacterium bag step (3) obtained is put in material braising pool, and temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 38 hours, then stops heating, return to room temperature, takes out bacterium bag；Preferably can eliminate miscellaneous bacteria, to improve yield and the quality of Pleurotus geesteranus for the feature that North-Anhui district is many and strong；
(5) inoculation, carries out disinfection to transfer room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before inoculation, closes transfer room door and window, use 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim after maintaining 40 hours to inoculate inoculation Robot for indoor spray disinfection, disinfecting time again；Before inoculation, the potassium permanganate solution that personnel and equipment use concentration to be 1:1200 carries out disinfection, and checks that bacterium bag breakage, damaged bacterium bag abandon in time；Compost after the sterilizing loading bacterium bag step (4) obtained is inoculated at transfer room, during inoculation, is given it up by the strain of bottleneck, and seeded process is carried out continuously in strict accordance with sterile working, shortens the time that bacterium bag mouth exposes, prevents the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria；
(6) spawn culture, carries out disinfection to culturing room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before spawn culture, and pulverized limestone spills on ground in culturing room, and uses 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim to spray twice disinfection；The postvaccinal compost that step (5) obtains being put into culturing room carry out sending out bacterium cultivation 29 days, culturing room's temperature controls at 22 DEG C, and air humidity is maintained at 58%；Pay special attention to regulate temperature, control humidity, ventilate and prevent living contaminants at bacteria developing period, carried out a miscellaneous bacteria every 4 days and check and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, in order to supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria in time；25-30 days after inoculation, mycelia covers with bacterium bag；
(7) management of producing mushroom, when bacterium bag surface starts to occur little former base, moves into fruiting field bacterium bag and carries out management of producing mushroom, and fruiting field temperature controls at 20 DEG C, and widens day and night temperature and control at 11 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 85%；Ventilation in good time, is maintained at below 400ppm by gas concentration lwevel；Employing astigmatism is irradiated, and intensity of illumination controls at 800Lx；Widen the temperature difference to be beneficial to stimulate the differentiation of Pleurotus geesteranus former base and the growth of sporophore；Ventilation in good time, increases content of oxygen in air, reduces gas concentration lwevel, is more beneficial for Pleurotus geesteranus fast-growth, improves yield and the quality of Pleurotus geesteranus；
(8) gather, when mushroom lid is less than 2cm, pluck mushroom.
Inoculation is front with cultivation to transfer room and the sterilization of culturing room, decreases the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria between bacteria developing period, improves Pleurotus geesteranus yield and quality；Owing to consume a large amount of oxygen during mycelial growth and releasing carbon dioxide, therefore, indoor temperature to be combined, humidity regulation, it is aerated ventilation, ventilates sooner or later during temperature height；During winter, need lid thin film to send out bacterium, within 1-2 days, ventilate once, in order to improve cultivating rate, improve yield and the quality of Pleurotus geesteranus.
The present invention solves traditional cultivation matrix and cultural method introduces low yield and the shortcoming of low-quality that North-Anhui district cultivation Pleurotus geesteranus causes, and the Pleurotus geesteranus of the method cultivation is suitable to North-Anhui district cultivation, and high and stable yields, quality better, Pleurotus geesteranus taste is fresh and tender, delicious and tasty.
The above, the only detailed description of the invention of the present invention, it is not limited to this, any those familiar with the art, in the technical scope that the invention discloses, can readily occur in change or replace, should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method of a Pleurotus geesteranus, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: (1) gets the raw materials ready, raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 54%-56%, cotton seed hulls 36%-41%, wheat bran 3%-5%, pulverized limestone 0.8%-1.0%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.5%-0.7%, carbendazim 0.08%-0.12%, soybean cake 0.39%-0.63%, sugar 0.03%-0.05%, carbamide 0.1%-0.2%, compound fertilizer 0.1%-0.3%；
(2) spice, after corn cob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran and soybean cake are pulverized, add other component mix homogeneously in raw material, uniformly it is sprinkled upon on material after sugar is dissolved in water, watering limit, limit stirring, its water content is made to reach 55%-58%, and composting 6-8 days, once and carried out stirring by interior order outward every turning in 1-2 days；
(3) packing, in a diameter of 20-22 centimetre of compound loading step (2) obtained, the bacterium bag of a length of 38-40 centimetre, the weight of the packed pan feeding of each bacterium is 1800 grams-2100 grams；
(4) steaming sterilizing, the compost loading bacterium bag step (3) obtained is put in material braising pool, and temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 35-40 hour, then stops heating, return to room temperature, take out bacterium bag；
(5) inoculation, the compost after the sterilizing loading bacterium bag step (4) obtained is inoculated at transfer room, during inoculation, checks that bacterium bag breakage, damaged bacterium bag abandon in time；
(6) spawn culture, the postvaccinal compost that step (5) obtains is put into culturing room carry out sending out bacterium cultivation 25-34 days, culturing room's temperature controls at 15 DEG C-24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%-60%, carried out a miscellaneous bacteria check every 3-5 days and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, in order to supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria in time；
(7) management of producing mushroom, when bacterium bag surface starts to occur little former base, moves into fruiting field bacterium bag and carries out management of producing mushroom, and fruiting field temperature controls at 15 DEG C-25 DEG C, and widens day and night temperature and control at 9 DEG C-12 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%-90%；Ventilation in good time, is maintained at below 400ppm by gas concentration lwevel；Employing astigmatism is irradiated, and intensity of illumination controls at 700Lx-900Lx；
(8) gather, when mushroom lid is less than 2cm, pluck mushroom.
The cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), raw materials by weight includes following components: corn cob 55%, cotton seed hulls 38%, wheat bran 4.6%, pulverized limestone 0.9%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.6%, carbendazim 0.1%, soybean cake 0.4%, sugar 0.04%, carbamide 0.16%, compound fertilizer 0.2%.
The cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (5), transfer room carried out disinfection sterilization treatment by disinfectant before inoculation, close transfer room door and window, use 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim that inoculation Robot for indoor spray disinfection, disinfecting time are inoculated after maintaining 36-42 hour again；Before inoculation, the potassium permanganate solution that personnel and equipment use concentration to be 1:1000-1500 carries out disinfection；Inoculation time is less than 4 hours.
The cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (6), carrying out disinfection culturing room sterilization treatment by disinfectant before spawn culture, pulverized limestone spills on ground in culturing room, and uses 500 times of liquid of 25% carbendazim to spray twice disinfection.
The cultural method of Pleurotus geesteranus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (6), under its cultivation temperature with relative humidity, it is aerated ventilation, ventilates sooner or later during temperature height；During winter, need lid thin film to send out bacterium, within 1-2 days, ventilate once.
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| CN107182547A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-22 | 柳城新天地生态农业发展有限公司 | Elegant precious mushroom cultural method |
| CN108307927A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-24 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of ramulus mori elegant precious mushroom |
| CN108551975A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-21 | 北京亚盛增光物理农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly bacteria stick manufacturing method |
| CN108812060A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-16 | 镇江市菇满园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of off-season cultivation Taiwan elegant precious mushroom |
| CN109122022A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 玉林市微生物研究所 | A kind of elegant precious mushroom intelligence cultural method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108812060A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-16 | 镇江市菇满园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of off-season cultivation Taiwan elegant precious mushroom |
| CN109122022A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 玉林市微生物研究所 | A kind of elegant precious mushroom intelligence cultural method |
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Application publication date: 20160831 |