CN105900676A - Rice straw returning wheat rooting seedling strengthening and fineness maintaining cultivation method - Google Patents
Rice straw returning wheat rooting seedling strengthening and fineness maintaining cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and discloses a rice straw returning wheat rooting seedling strengthening and fineness maintaining cultivation method. The cultivation method comprises the steps of rice straw fertilizer concomitance, deep tillage and burying of straw, heavy dressing of base fertilizer, rotary tillage raking, excavation of three ditches, accurate and fine sowing, line spacing hole forming, timely topdressing and comprehensive regulation. The phenomenon that wheat seedling emergency is affected due to the fact that rice straw floats on the earth surface or a shallow soil layer is avoided through rice straw fertilizer concomitance, returning and deep burying; ventilation and oxygen aeration of roots of wheat are promoted through mechanical wheat row-sowing excavation of air holes, strong seedling growth at roots is promoted, and later-period lodging is avoided; due to air hole dressing of fertilizer, rapid root absorption and seedling strengthening are promoted; due to air hole irrigation, drought control, wet dissipation and flooded field drainage, the fine growth environment of wheat is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of rice straw also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method.
Background technology
Semen Tritici aestivi is the important cereal crops of China and the raw material of industry, containing rich in protein, carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral element, is the raw materials for food industry such as cookies, bread, and it is of high nutritive value and of many uses.
Huainan and Pian Daomai district, Huaibei Semen Tritici aestivi are gathered in the crops because sowing Second Year in autumn and winter, and rainwater is relatively fewer during this period of time, periphery irrigation canals and ditches hydropenia, usually cannot normal irrigation, be unfavorable for wheat growth；If run into, the most overcast and rainy field hydrops is serious, soil moisture is relatively big, is also unfavorable for wheat growth, often causes rotten seedling death phenomenon because of root anoxia.Even if there being the Semen Tritici aestivi field of filling condition of spreading and sinking in, being all to determine whether to irrigate according to Semen Tritici aestivi field soil moisture content, this method is unfavorable for being grasped by peasant and utilizing, and filling of spreading and sinking in needs the water yield relatively big, will also result in Semen Tritici aestivi field and hardens.Topdress and spread fertilizer over the fields face, whole field, need rainwater to drench dissolving to drop into soil and could be absorbed by wheat root, even if but a fertilizer dissolving part still remains in shallow soil layer, utilization rate is the highest, moreover in the case of not having rainwater to drench, fertilizer floats on soil table, and utilization rate is lower, being difficult to be absorbed by wheat root, fertile phenomenon is run in the even appearance having.Wheat During Later Period of Growth, usually fragile with root loosely because of straw stalk, run into blowing and raining weather and easily lodge.Existing Wheat Species is implanted with the critically important part quality decision wheat growth situation by weather, does not solve above-mentioned problem.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of rice straw also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, Semen Tritici aestivi in the ranks excavates air pocket, both had wheat root breathe freely oxygen-supplying function promote root of hair, possess again increase nutrient function of topdressing and promote strong sprout, drought resisting wet dissipation water drainage function of also pouring water protects excellent environment, it is achieved Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair protects excellent and high yield strong sprout.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention uses is: this cultural method include rice straw concomitant fertilizer, plough deeply bury straw, heavy dressing base manure, rotary tillage are raked, excavate three ditches, Precision Seeding is carefully planted, in the ranks open cave, topdress in time, comprehensive regulation, it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) rice straw concomitant fertilizer: toothing≤8cm during rice harvesting, rice straw is cut into≤the broken straw of 8cm, full dose rice straw is laid in field earth's surface equably, spreads fertilizer over the fields farm manure 10000kg/ha on rice straw, and farm manure adheres to rice straw stirring；
(2) plough deeply and bury straw: soil deep ploughing 25cm, rice straw and farm manure are combined field and ploughs the whole underground ploughing deeply embedment 25cm；
(3) heavy dressing base manure: the native table that the field turned over is moist spreading fertilizer over the fields N P and K and respectively containing the NPK 540kg/ha of mass concentration 15%, calcium superphosphate 90kg/ha, potassium chloride 90 kg/ha and makees base manure containing zinc, manganese, ferrum, copper, boron, the micro-fertile 15kg/ha of molybdenum, above-mentioned fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields after fully mixing；
(4) rotary tillage is raked: base manure rotary tillage 18cm is deep, fully mixes with soil, and deep 10cm harrowed by soil table makes soil jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, face, field smooth；
(5) three ditches are excavated: north-south bedding 2.1m width, three ditches in excavation；Railway carriage or compartment ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Waist ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Enclose ditch 30cm width, 25cm deeply, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Interior three ditches and outer fissure keep unimpeded；
(6) Precision Seeding is carefully planted: the main selection spring habit high-quality wheat variety in Pian Daomai district, Huainan, Pian Daomai district, the Huaibei mainly selects semi-winterness high-quality wheat variety, sandy loam sowing 180-225kg/ha, yellowish-brown loam sowing 195-240kg/ha, clayey soil sowing 225-270kg/ha；Every 10kg wheat seed mass concentration 6% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 7-8ml is watered 180g uniform stirring and dries and wait to broadcast before broadcasting；Huainan and Pian Daomai district, Huaibei wheat cultivation optimum period are that mid or late September is to early and middle ten days in October, implement dirlling by seeder, depth of planting 3-4cm, sandy loam 4cm, yellowish-brown loam 3.5cm, clayey soil 3cm, line-spacing 18cm, cave is away from 7cm, 2.1m sows 11 row in wide embanked field, limit row and railway carriage or compartment ditch distance 15cm, it is ensured that Basic Seedling 4,000,000 strains/about ha, after planting machinery suppression soil moisture conservation rapidly；
(7) in the ranks open cave: Semen Tritici aestivi selects fair weather after emerging, open the cylindrical shape cave of the deep 16cm of diameter 6cm in the place of the spacing each 6cm of Semen Tritici aestivi row of adjacent Semen Tritici aestivi row and breathe freely cave as wheat root, spacing 30cm in adjacent cave, promote that oxygen supplement is taken root；If field is moist, air pocket also has root wet dissipation effect, if field is arid, in cave, top overhead soil degree of turning white judges whether to pour water in cave；When in cave overhead soil whitish part height is less than 3cm in top, make appropriateness arid, it is not necessary to pour water；As 3-4cm, at every hole irrigation 500ml water, need to often increase the most fillings in the every cave of the degree of depth 400ml water of 1cm, to ensure normal growth needs under wheatland；
(8) topdress in time: promote strong tiller when Semen Tritici aestivi period of seedling establishment uniformly imposes carbamide 180kg/ha in air pocket in time, Semen Tritici aestivi imposes carbamide 135kg/ha tri-leaf period in air pocket, calcium superphosphate 45kg/ha, potassium chloride 40kg/ha promote jointing, a leaf phase imposes carbamide 105kg/ha promotion booting, the dissolved solution of water of every cave 50ml after topdressing time more dry in cave in air pocket；
(9) comprehensive regulation: be watered 700kg with mass concentration 50% isoproturon 2.25kg/ha before after planting emerging and spray controlling weeds；The most prosperous field paclobutrazol wettable powder 900g/ha of jointing initial stage wheat population is watered 600kg and sprays；It is watered 600kg in boot stage with 15kg/ha carbamide and 1.5kg/ha potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprays the anti-senilism of blade；Suit the medicine to the illness dispenser according to disease pest and weed situation.
Wherein, in step (9), find that adding mass concentration 20% fluroxypyr 0.5l with mass concentration 6.9% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 1.5l/ha when weeds in field selects cold tail to warm up gas on the previous day adds 2 potassium 4 chlorine 2l/ha of mass concentration 13% and be watered 650kg and spray before surviving the winter or before jointing；Also can add and be watered 600kg with mass concentration 10% tribenuron-methyl 180g/ha and spray.
Wherein, in step (9), Semen Tritici aestivi was turned green to the jointing stage, when the diseased plant rate of banded sclerotial blight reaches 15%, is watered 1200kg with mass concentration 5% jingganmycin water preparation 4.5l/ha in time and sprays and prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight, if also banded sclerotial blight diseased plant just carries out second time and prevents and treats after 7 days.
Wherein, in step (9), booting to blooming stage, when 3, top functional leaf powdery mildew leaf rate reaches close to 10%, it is watered 800kg with mass concentration 15% trazodone wettable powder 1kg/ha or mass concentration 12.5% olefin conversion cream 800ml/ha and sprays and prevent and treat powdery mildew.
Wherein, in step (9), the Semen Tritici aestivi flowering initial stage is watered 650kg with mass concentration 50% carbendazim thiram built agent 2kg/ha or mass concentration 37% antibacterial spirit wettable powder 2kg/ha and sprays and prevent and treat head blight.
Wherein, in step (9), Semen Tritici aestivi flowering is to Early filling stage, when having aphid fringe rate to reach 10%, is watered 800kg sprays with mass concentration 10% imidacloprid 250g/ha or mass concentration 2.5% decis 300ml/ha.
Wherein, in step (9), when every strain has spider 5, it is watered 750kg with mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 300ml/ha and sprays.
The present invention possesses and provides the benefit that: 1. in the ranks excavate air pocket by Semen Tritici aestivi, it is achieved that wheat root is persistently breathed freely oxygen-supplying function, promotes the lodging of root of hair anti-later stage in strong sprout；2. topdressed by air pocket and increase wheat root absorption nutrient, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and promote strengthen tiller strong sprout；3. decide whether to pour water in cave and irrigation quantity by air pocket upper layer of soil degree of drying, prevent wheat paddock irrigation quantity of spreading and sinking in big, cause field panel knot to be unfavorable for that wheat root grows；4. air pocket not only has drought resisting function of pouring water, and also has wet dissipation water drainage function, optimizes wheat growth environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments are not to be construed as the restriction to technical scheme.
Embodiment 1 :Enforcement place, in the yellowish-brown loam field of Geng Gong village, Hemerocallis citrina Baroni pool town of Xuyi County Ji Zhuan group, is total to 666.7m2, it is as follows that it is embodied as step:
(1) rice straw concomitant fertilizer: toothing≤8cm during rice harvesting, rice straw is cut into≤the broken straw of 8cm, full dose rice straw is laid in field earth's surface equably, spreads fertilizer over the fields farm manure 667kg on rice straw, and farm manure adheres to rice straw stirring；
(2) plough deeply and bury straw: soil deep ploughing 25cm, rice straw and farm manure are combined field and ploughs the whole underground ploughing deeply embedment 25cm；
(3) heavy dressing base manure: the native table that the field turned over is moist spreading fertilizer over the fields N P and K and respectively containing the NPK 36kg of mass concentration 15%, calcium superphosphate 6kg, potassium chloride 6 kg and makees base manure containing zinc, manganese, ferrum, copper, boron, the micro-fertile 1kg of molybdenum, above-mentioned fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields after fully mixing；
(4) rotary tillage is raked: base manure rotary tillage 18cm is deep, fully mixes with soil, and deep 10cm harrowed by soil table makes soil jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, face, field smooth；
(5) three ditches are excavated: north-south bedding 2.1m width, three ditches in excavation；Railway carriage or compartment ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Waist ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Enclose ditch 30cm width, 25cm deeply, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Interior three ditches and outer fissure keep unimpeded；
(6) Precision Seeding is carefully planted: on October 20th, 2015, select weak Vernal wheat variety Zheng wheat 9023 13kg altogether, it is watered 230g uniform stirring with mass concentration 6% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 10ml before broadcasting to dry, implement dirlling by seeder, depth of planting 3.5cm, line-spacing 18cm, cave is away from 7cm, 2.1m sows in wide embanked field 11 row, limit row and railway carriage or compartment ditch distance 15cm, after planting machinery suppression soil moisture conservation rapidly；
(7) cave is in the ranks opened: Semen Tritici aestivi selects fair weather after emerging, the cylindrical shape cave of the deep 16cm of diameter 6cm is opened in the place of the spacing each 6cm of Semen Tritici aestivi row of adjacent Semen Tritici aestivi row, spacing 30cm in adjacent cave, in cave, top overhead soil whitish part height is less than 3cm, it is not necessary to pour water；
(8) topdressing in time: when Semen Tritici aestivi period of seedling establishment, in air pocket, uniformly imposing carbamide 12kg strengthens fetilizer for tillering in time, Semen Tritici aestivi imposes carbamide 9kg, calcium superphosphate 3kg, potassium chloride 2.7kg jointing fertilizer tri-leaf period in air pocket, and a leaf phase imposes carbamide 7kg booting fertilizer in air pocket；
(9) comprehensive regulation: be watered 46.7kg with mass concentration 50% isoproturon 150g before after planting emerging and spray controlling weeds；The most prosperous field paclobutrazol wettable powder 60g of jointing initial stage wheat population is watered 40kg and sprays；It is watered 40kg in boot stage with 1kg carbamide and 0.1kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprays the anti-senilism of blade；Semen Tritici aestivi was turned green to the jointing stage, when the diseased plant rate of banded sclerotial blight reaches 15%, is watered 80kg with mass concentration 5% jingganmycin water preparation 300ml in time and sprays and prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight；Booting is to blooming stage, when 3, top functional leaf powdery mildew leaf rate reaches close to 10%, is watered 53kg with mass concentration 15% trazodone wettable powder 66.7g and sprays and prevent and treat powdery mildew；The Semen Tritici aestivi flowering initial stage is watered 43kg with mass concentration 50% carbendazim thiram built agent 133.3g and sprays and prevent and treat head blight；Semen Tritici aestivi flowering, to Early filling stage, has aphid fringe rate to be watered 53kg with mass concentration 10% imidacloprid 16.7g when reaching 10% and sprays.
Embodiment 2 :Enforcement place, in the clayey soil field in two groups of Guan Tang village, Dai Lou town, Jinhu County, is total to 1000m2, it is as follows that it is embodied as step:
(1) rice straw concomitant fertilizer: toothing≤8cm during rice harvesting, rice straw is cut into≤the broken straw of 8cm, full dose rice straw is laid in field earth's surface equably, spreads fertilizer over the fields farm manure 1000kg on rice straw, and farm manure adheres to rice straw stirring；
(2) plough deeply and bury straw: soil deep ploughing 25cm, rice straw and farm manure are combined field and ploughs the whole underground ploughing deeply embedment 25cm；
(3) heavy dressing base manure: the native table that the field turned over is moist spreading fertilizer over the fields N P and K and respectively containing the NPK 54kg of mass concentration 15%, calcium superphosphate 9kg, potassium chloride 9kg and makees base manure containing zinc, manganese, ferrum, copper, boron, the micro-fertile 1.5kg of molybdenum, above-mentioned fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields after fully mixing；
(4) rotary tillage is raked: base manure rotary tillage 18cm is deep, fully mixes with soil, and deep 10cm harrowed by soil table makes soil jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, face, field smooth；
(5) three ditches are excavated: north-south bedding 2.1m width, three ditches in excavation；Railway carriage or compartment ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Waist ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Enclose ditch 30cm width, 25cm deeply, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Interior three ditches and outer fissure keep unimpeded；
(6) Precision Seeding is carefully planted: on October 15th, 2015, Vernal wheat variety is selected to raise wheat 22 25kg altogether, broadcast front wheat seed mass concentration 6% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 18ml to be watered 450g uniform stirring and dry, implement dirlling by seeder, depth of planting 3cm, line-spacing 18cm, cave is away from 7cm, 2.1m sows in wide embanked field 11 row, limit row and railway carriage or compartment ditch distance 15cm, after planting machinery suppression soil moisture conservation rapidly；
(7) cave is in the ranks opened: Semen Tritici aestivi selects fair weather after emerging, the cylindrical shape cave of the deep 16cm of diameter 6cm is opened in the place of the spacing each 6cm of Semen Tritici aestivi row of adjacent Semen Tritici aestivi row, spacing 30cm in adjacent cave, in cave, top overhead soil whitish part height is less than 3cm, it is not necessary to pour water；
(8) topdress in time: when Semen Tritici aestivi period of seedling establishment, in air pocket, uniformly imposing carbamide 18kg strengthens fetilizer for tillering in time, Semen Tritici aestivi imposes carbamide 13.5kg, calcium superphosphate 4.5kg, potassium chloride 4kg jointing fertilizer tri-leaf period in air pocket, and a leaf phase imposes carbamide 10.5kg booting fertilizer in air pocket；
(9) comprehensive regulation: be watered 70kg with mass concentration 50% isoproturon 225g before after planting emerging and spray controlling weeds；The most prosperous field paclobutrazol wettable powder 90g of jointing initial stage wheat population is watered 60kg and sprays；It is watered 60kg in boot stage with 1.5kg carbamide and 150g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprays the anti-senilism of blade；Find that adding mass concentration 20% fluroxypyr 50ml with mass concentration 6.9% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 150ml when weeds in field selects cold tail to warm up gas on the previous day adds 13% 2 potassium 4 chlorine 200ml and be watered 65kg and spray before surviving the winter or before jointing, add and be watered 60kg with mass concentration 10% tribenuron-methyl 18g and spray；Semen Tritici aestivi was turned green to the jointing stage, when the diseased plant rate of banded sclerotial blight reaches 15%, is watered 120kg with mass concentration 5% jingganmycin 450ml in time and sprays and prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight, found that also having banded sclerotial blight diseased plant to carry out second time prevents and treats after 7 days；Booting is to blooming stage, when 3, top functional leaf powdery mildew leaf rate reaches close to 10%, is watered 80kg with mass concentration 12.5% olefin conversion cream 80ml and sprays and prevent and treat powdery mildew；The Semen Tritici aestivi flowering initial stage is watered 65kg with mass concentration 37% antibacterial spirit 200g and sprays and prevent and treat head blight；Semen Tritici aestivi flowering, to Early filling stage, has aphid fringe rate to be watered 80kg with mass concentration 2.5% decis 30ml when reaching 10% and sprays.
Embodiment 3 :Enforcement place, in the sandy soil field in two groups of western village, Nan Chen market town, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, is total to 750m2,ItsIt is embodied as step as follows:
(1) rice straw concomitant fertilizer: toothing≤8cm during rice harvesting, rice straw is cut into≤the broken straw of 8cm, full dose rice straw is laid in field earth's surface equably, spreads fertilizer over the fields farm manure 750kg on rice straw, and farm manure adheres to rice straw stirring；
(2) plough deeply and bury straw: soil deep ploughing 25cm, rice straw and farm manure are combined field and ploughs the whole underground ploughing deeply embedment 25cm；
(3) heavy dressing base manure: the native table that the field turned over is moist spreading fertilizer over the fields N P and K and respectively containing the NPK 40.5kg of mass concentration 15%, calcium superphosphate 6.75kg, potassium chloride 6.75 kg and makees base manure containing zinc, manganese, ferrum, copper, boron, the micro-fertile 1.125kg of molybdenum, above-mentioned fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields after fully mixing；
(4) rotary tillage is raked: base manure rotary tillage 18cm is deep, fully mixes with soil, and deep 10cm harrowed by soil table makes soil jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, face, field smooth；
(5) three ditches are excavated: north-south bedding 2.1m width, three ditches in excavation；Railway carriage or compartment ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Waist ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Enclose ditch 30cm width, 25cm deeply, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Interior three ditches and outer fissure keep unimpeded；
(6) Precision Seeding is carefully planted: on JIUYUE 30th, 2015, select Semi-winter wheat kind Huaihe River wheat 33 15kg altogether, it is watered 270g uniform stirring with mass concentration 6% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 11ml before broadcasting to dry, implement dirlling by seeder, depth of planting 4cm, line-spacing 18cm, cave is away from 7cm, 2.1m sows in wide embanked field 11 row, limit row and railway carriage or compartment ditch distance 15cm, after planting machinery suppression soil moisture conservation rapidly；
(7) cave is in the ranks opened: Semen Tritici aestivi selects fair weather after emerging, open the cylindrical shape cave of the deep 16cm of diameter 6cm to breathe freely cave as wheat root in the place of the spacing each 6cm of Semen Tritici aestivi row of adjacent Semen Tritici aestivi row, spacing 30cm in adjacent cave, top overhead soil whitish part height 3-4cm in cave, need to be at every hole irrigation 500ml water, to ensure normal growth needs under wheatland；
(8) topdress in time: when Semen Tritici aestivi period of seedling establishment, in air pocket, uniformly imposing carbamide 13.5kg strengthens fetilizer for tillering in time, Semen Tritici aestivi imposes carbamide 10.125kg, calcium superphosphate 3.375kg, potassium chloride 3kg jointing fertilizer tri-leaf period in air pocket, a leaf phase imposes carbamide 7.875kg booting fertilizer, the dissolved solution of water of every cave 50ml after topdressing in air pocket；
(9) comprehensive regulation: be watered 52.5kg with mass concentration 50% isoproturon 168.75g before after planting emerging and spray controlling weeds；The most prosperous field paclobutrazol wettable powder 67.5g of jointing initial stage wheat population is watered 45kg and sprays；It is watered 45kg in boot stage with 1.125kg carbamide and 112.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprays the anti-senilism of blade；Semen Tritici aestivi was turned green to the jointing stage, is watered 90kg with mass concentration 5% jingganmycin 337.5ml in time and sprays and prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight when the diseased plant rate of banded sclerotial blight reaches 15%；Booting is to blooming stage, when 3, top functional leaf powdery mildew leaf rate reaches close to 10%, is watered 60kg with mass concentration 15% trazodone wettable powder 75g and sprays and prevent and treat powdery mildew；The Semen Tritici aestivi flowering initial stage is watered 48.75kg with mass concentration 37% antibacterial spirit 150g and sprays and prevent and treat head blight；Semen Tritici aestivi flowering, to Early filling stage, has aphid fringe rate to be watered 60kg with mass concentration 10% imidacloprid 18.75g when reaching 10% and sprays；When every strain has spider 5, it is watered 56.25kg with mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 22.5ml and sprays.
Three above embodiment, compares with prior art plantation, and the root system of Semen Tritici aestivi is the most sturdy, and the quantity of average root is the most more, and Semen Tritici aestivi base of leaf is strong, dark green leaf color, does not lodge phenomenon in the later stage, also shows substantially volume increase.
Three embodiment Semen Tritici aestivi specific targets
Note: comparison is simply excavated air pocket, applied fertilizer different with the measure of pouring water from embodiment, and other field management is identical.
Claims (9)
1. rice straw also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, this cultural method include rice straw concomitant fertilizer, plough deeply bury straw, heavy dressing base manure, rotary tillage are raked, excavate three ditches, Precision Seeding is carefully planted, in the ranks open cave, topdress in time, comprehensive regulation, it is characterised in that this cultural method includes specifically comprising the following steps that
(1) rice straw concomitant fertilizer: toothing≤8cm during rice harvesting, rice straw is cut into≤the broken straw of 8cm, full dose rice straw is laid in field earth's surface equably, spreads fertilizer over the fields farm manure 10000kg/ha on rice straw, and farm manure adheres to rice straw stirring；
(2) plough deeply and bury straw: soil deep ploughing 25cm, rice straw and farm manure are combined field and ploughs the whole underground ploughing deeply embedment 25cm；
(3) heavy dressing base manure: the native table that the field turned over is moist spreading fertilizer over the fields N P and K and respectively containing the NPK 540kg/ha of mass concentration 15%, calcium superphosphate 90kg/ha, potassium chloride 90 kg/ha and makees base manure containing zinc, manganese, ferrum, copper, boron, the micro-fertile 15kg/ha of molybdenum, above-mentioned fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields after fully mixing；
(4) rotary tillage is raked: base manure rotary tillage 18cm is deep, fully mixes with soil, and deep 10cm harrowed by soil table makes soil jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables, face, field smooth；
(5) three ditches are excavated: north-south bedding 2.1m width, three ditches in excavation；Railway carriage or compartment ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Waist ditch 25cm width, 20cm are deep, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Enclose ditch 30cm width, 25cm deeply, go to the bottom and make arc-shaped；Interior three ditches and outer fissure keep unimpeded；
(6) Precision Seeding is carefully planted: the main selection spring habit high-quality wheat variety in Pian Daomai district, Huainan, Pian Daomai district, the Huaibei mainly select semi-winterness high-quality wheat variety, sandy loam sowing 180-225kg/ha, yellowish-brown loam sowing 195-240kg/ha, clayey soil sowing 225-270kg/ha；Every 10kg wheat seed mass concentration 6% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 7-8ml is watered 180g uniform stirring and dries and wait to broadcast before broadcasting；Huainan and Pian Daomai district, Huaibei wheat cultivation optimum period are that mid or late September is to early and middle ten days in October, implement dirlling by seeder, depth of planting 3-4cm, sandy loam 4cm, yellowish-brown loam 3.5cm, clayey soil 3cm, line-spacing 18cm, cave is away from 7cm, 2.1m sows 11 row in wide embanked field, limit row and railway carriage or compartment ditch distance 15cm, it is ensured that Basic Seedling 4,000,000 strains/about ha, after planting machinery suppression soil moisture conservation rapidly；
(7) in the ranks open cave: Semen Tritici aestivi selects fair weather after emerging, open the cylindrical shape cave of the deep 16cm of diameter 6cm in the place of the spacing each 6cm of Semen Tritici aestivi row of adjacent Semen Tritici aestivi row and breathe freely cave as wheat root, spacing 30cm in adjacent cave；
(8) topdress in time: promote strong tiller when Semen Tritici aestivi period of seedling establishment uniformly imposes carbamide 180kg/ha in air pocket in time, Semen Tritici aestivi imposes carbamide 135kg/ha tri-leaf period in air pocket, calcium superphosphate 45kg/ha, potassium chloride 40kg/ha promote jointing, a leaf phase imposes carbamide 105kg/ha promotion booting, the dissolved solution of water of every cave 50ml after topdressing time more dry in cave in air pocket；
(9) comprehensive regulation: be watered 700kg with mass concentration 50% isoproturon 2.25kg/ha before after planting emerging and spray controlling weeds；The most prosperous field paclobutrazol wettable powder 900g/ha of jointing initial stage wheat population is watered 600kg and sprays；It is watered 600kg in boot stage with 15kg/ha carbamide and 1.5kg/ha potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprays the anti-senilism of blade；Suit the medicine to the illness dispenser according to disease pest and weed situation.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterised in that: in step (7), judge whether to pour water in cave according to the overhead soil degree of turning white of top in air pocket cave；When in cave overhead soil whitish part height is less than 3cm in top, make appropriateness arid, it is not necessary to pour water；As 3-4cm, at every hole irrigation 500ml water, need to often increase the most fillings in the every cave of the degree of depth 400ml water of 1cm, to ensure normal growth needs under wheatland.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterized in that: in step (9), find weeds in field before surviving the winter or before jointing, select cold tail to warm up gas mass concentration 6.9% fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 1.5l/ha on the previous day and add mass concentration 20% fluroxypyr 0.5l and add 2 potassium 4 chlorine 2l/ha of mass concentration 13% and be watered 650kg and spray.
Rice straw the most according to claim 3 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterised in that: in step (9), also can add and be watered 600kg with mass concentration 10% tribenuron-methyl 180g/ha and spray.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterized in that: in step (9), Semen Tritici aestivi was turned green to the jointing stage, when the diseased plant rate of banded sclerotial blight reaches 15%, in time it is watered 1200kg with mass concentration 5% jingganmycin water preparation 4.5l/ha to spray and prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight, if also banded sclerotial blight diseased plant just carries out second time and prevents and treats after 7 days.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterized in that: in step (9), booting is to blooming stage, when 3, top functional leaf powdery mildew leaf rate reaches close to 10%, it is watered 800kg with mass concentration 15% trazodone wettable powder 1kg/ha or mass concentration 12.5% olefin conversion cream 800ml/ha and sprays and prevent and treat powdery mildew.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterized in that: in step (9), the Semen Tritici aestivi flowering initial stage is watered 650kg with mass concentration 50% carbendazim thiram built agent 2kg/ha or mass concentration 37% antibacterial spirit wettable powder 2kg/ha and sprays and prevent and treat head blight.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterized in that: in step (9), Semen Tritici aestivi flowering, to Early filling stage, is watered 800kg sprays with mass concentration 10% imidacloprid 250g/ha or mass concentration 2.5% decis 300ml/ha when having aphid fringe rate to reach 10%.
Rice straw the most according to claim 1 also field Semen Tritici aestivi root of hair Good-quality cultivation in strong sprout method, it is characterised in that: in step (9), when every strain has spider 5, it is watered 750kg with mass concentration 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 300ml/ha and sprays.
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| CN110024634A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-19 | 华中农业大学 | Soil, stalk, seed and fertilizer method for arranging and application during the live streaming of rice stubble field non-ploughing rape production mechanization |
| CN111213554A (en) * | 2020-03-14 | 2020-06-02 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Comprehensive control method for wheat scab under straw returning condition |
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