CN105900546A - Forced vibrating, air-pressure deep loosening, weeding and fertilizing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine. Under the front beam; the forced vibration device, high-pressure air pump and fertilization device are arranged on the beam; the subsoiling device is arranged under the rear beam; and the depth control device is arranged on both sides of the beam. In the present invention, firstly, the subsoiling shovel is forced to vibrate through the forced vibration device to realize the subsoiling operation of the soil; on the other hand, the high-pressure air pump injects high-pressure air into the subsoiling shovel, which can not only crush the soil with air pressure, but also form air on the tip of the shovel. The membrane, together with the vibration, plays the role of reducing drag. In a word, the present invention provides a forced vibration air pressure subsoiling, weeding, fertilizing and fertilizing machine that can reduce traction resistance, reduce energy consumption, complete weeding, subsoiling, fertilization and other operations at one time, easy to disassemble and assemble components, and adjustable tillage width.

Description

Forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine

technical field

The invention relates to a forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine.

Background technique

Long-term chemical weeding has brought about changes in weed communities, increased weed resistance, environmental pollution, pesticide residues, and biological extinction. Mechanical weeding technology is an important production technology for the sustainable development of dry farming. It uses measures such as loosening the soil to weed before sowing, before emergence and during the growth period, killing weeds that have been unearthed or deep-seed grass seeds. Bury, or turn the underground stems out of the ground to make them dry or freeze to death, so as to achieve the weeding effect; fertilizers can increase crop nutrients, adjust the nutrition of soil microorganisms, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and finally increase crop yields. The use of fertilizers is an important part of agricultural production. important part of. The current fertilization method includes full-layer fertilization combined with plowing, but the fertilizer is easy to volatilize on the surface and during the operation, causing losses, and the fertilization effect cannot be guaranteed; when sowing, the seed fertilizer is required to be applied below 5cm of the seed. At present, the structure of the fertilization mechanism is relatively complicated; foliar fertilization requires the application of liquid fertilizer, but it is suitable for large-scale mechanized operations; Compaction will form agglomerates around 30cm in the soil layer to prevent water penetration. If it goes on for a long time, the cultivated layer will become shallower, soil erosion will intensify, and soil will degrade, which will seriously affect the root system of crops to absorb water and nutrients in the soil layer, thereby affecting crop yield.

In view of the above problems, subsoiling weeding and fertilizing equipment is of great significance to further improve the performance and quality of field operations and reduce labor intensity. Subsoil weeding and fertilization equipment can not only complete the functions of weeding and fertilization at one time; in addition, subsoiling and weeding also has multiple functions: it can break the soil compaction, and then deepen the cultivation layer, and soil subsoiling can break the hard plow formed by plowing or stubble removal for many years The bottom layer increases the thickness of the cultivated layer; it is conducive to the downward infiltration of surface water, reduces surface runoff, and expands the capacity of the "soil reservoir", which is not only conducive to receiving a large amount of rainwater, but also can use rat tracks to drain waterlogging; subsoiling technology can improve the utilization of land resources rate, the root-intensive area of crops will move down, and the root residues will increase, which provides conditions for the survival of microorganisms, relatively strengthens the humification synthesis activity, and increases the organic matter content, which plays the role of "fertilizing and nourishing the land", which is beneficial to the root system of crops. Development, promote early maturity and high yield of crops.

At present, the problems existing in the existing subsoiling machines are: the production efficiency of the soil subsoiling machine is low at present, the processes of soil preparation, weeding, and fertilization are separated, and the tractor will compact the soil when it enters the ground for many times. Problems such as large size and excessive energy consumption have greatly hindered the promotion of subsoiling technology.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems, firstly the rotation of the power output shaft of the tractor is transformed into the vibration of the subsoiling shovel through the vibrating device; in addition, the air is injected into the subsoiling shovel through the high-pressure air pump, the soil can be crushed by air pressure, and the air covers the ground at the same time On the tip of the shovel, an air film is formed, which acts together with vibration to reduce drag; in a word, the present invention provides a method that can complete weeding, subsoiling, and fertilization at one time, and can adjust the plowing depth, plowing width, and fertilization amount. , and the forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine that can reduce resistance and consumption.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is characterized in that it is composed of a frame, a weeding device, a forced vibration device, a subsoiling device, a high-pressure air pump, a fertilizing device and a depth control device. 1. The rear beam is composed of the lower hanging plate embracing the front beam, the upper hanging plate is connected with the front beam and the cross beam, and the rear beam is connected with the front beam through the cross beam; the weeding device is arranged under the front beam; the forced vibration device Set on the beam, the subsoiling device is set under the back beam; the high-pressure air pump is set on the beam, and the high-pressure air pump is connected to the air hole in the handle of the subsoiling shovel through a hose; the fertilization device is set on the beam ; The depth control device is located on both sides of the beam.

The weeding device is composed of a weeding fixed plate, a return spring, a spring mandrel, a clip, a lower column, a drag reducing spring, an upper column, and a disc cutter, the upper column is connected with the weeding fixed plate, the lower column is connected with the upper column, A drag reducing spring is arranged between the upper column and the lower column, the clip is connected with the lower column, a return spring is provided at the rear end of the clip, a spring mandrel is provided in the return spring, and a disc cutter is provided at both ends of the clip.

The forced vibration device is composed of a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear, a bearing seat, a power input shaft, a main transmission shaft, a driving gear, an eccentric shaft, a driven gear, and an eccentric sleeve, and the bearing seat is connected with the front beam of the frame. , the power input shaft is arranged in the bearing seat, the small bevel gear is connected to the rear end of the power input shaft, the large bevel gear is connected to the small bevel gear, the center of the large bevel gear is provided with the main transmission shaft, and the two ends of the main transmission shaft are provided with driving gears, And fixed by the bearing seat, the driven gear and the driving gear are connected by a chain, the center of the driven gear is provided with an eccentric shaft, which is fixed by the bearing seat, and the eccentric sleeve is connected with the eccentric shaft.

The subsoiling device is composed of a vibrating arm, a connecting rod, a subsoiling shovel handle, a subsoiling shovel wing, a subsoiling shovel tip, and a subsoiling fixing plate. The connecting rod is connected to the vibrating arm, and the subsoiling shovel handle is connected to the connecting rod. The subsoiling shovel handle is connected with the back beam of the frame through the subsoiling fixing plate. The subsoiling shovel wings are arranged on both sides under the subsoiling shovel handle. Ventilation holes are drilled in the shovel wings and subsoiler tip.

The fertilization device is composed of a fertilizer box, a fertilization pipe, a sleeve, and a soil return pipe. The fertilizer box is connected with the fertilization pipe, the fertilization pipe is arranged in the sleeve, the soil return pipe is connected with the fertilization pipe, and the sleeve is connected with the subsoiler of the subsoiling device. Spade handle connection.

The depth control device is connected by a ground wheel, a lifter and a rotary handle. The lifter is arranged on both sides of the frame beam, the ground wheel is connected with the lower end of the lifter, and the rotary handle is connected with the upper end of the lifter. wheel height.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention is characterized in that:

1. The invention first transmits the rotation of the power input shaft to the main transmission shaft through the small bevel gear and the large bevel gear, and then drives the power to the eccentric shaft through the driving gear and the driven gear, and finally drives the vibration connected with the eccentric shaft sleeve The arm vibrates, thereby driving the vibration of the subsoiling shovel handle, realizing the vibrating subsoiling operation of the soil, and achieving the effect of reducing resistance and consumption;

On the other hand, by injecting high-pressure air into the deep layer of the cultivated land soil to break the plow bottom layer, without turning the soil, the air pressure subsoiling operation is carried out on the cultivated land with different depths and different hardness plow bottom layers; A layer of air film is formed to reduce the positive pressure of the soil on the blade, and together with the forced vibration, it can save energy and reduce consumption; there is a pressure difference between the soil where the high-pressure air generated by the high-pressure air pump is injected and the adjacent soil layer, resulting in Soil collapse and secondary crushing; can increase the proportion of air in the soil, increase soil porosity, which is beneficial to crop growth and increase food production.

2. The present invention completes weeding, subsoiling, fertilization and other operations at one time, ensuring that the soil is flat, the soil is finely divided, and the plowing depth is consistent after site preparation. Among them, there is a drag-reducing spring between the upper column and the lower column in the weeding device, which can reduce the resistance of the disc cutter when cutting weeds; in addition, the configuration of the disc cutter should meet the requirements of no leakage and no blockage. Therefore, the inclined setting of the disc cutter can not only ensure the smooth entry into the soil, but also ensure that the weeds and soil between the two cutters are easily thrown out. A return spring is installed behind the clip, on the one hand, it can improve the passability of the disc cutter, and on the other hand, it also acts as a buffer protection when the disc cutter encounters a small obstacle, and makes the disc cutter return to its original position. Guarantee the quality of weeding.

3. The ground wheel in the depth control device adopts rubber tires. On the one hand, the depth-limiting wheel integrates the depth-limiting and transportation functions to facilitate the transportation of the whole machine. On the other hand, it can also ensure better contact between the ground wheel and the ground.

4. In the present invention, the weeding device, forced vibration device, subsoiling device, fertilization device and depth control device are mostly connected by bolts, and the parts are convenient for disassembly, maintenance and replacement, and the tillage width can be adjusted according to planting requirements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of frame among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the forced vibration device in Fig. 1 (partial frame is drawn in the figure);

Fig. 5 is the enlarged schematic view of the subsoiling device in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the subsoiling shovel handle in Fig. 5;

In the figure: 1 is the fertilizer box, 2 is the vibration arm, 3 is the vibration device, 31 is the large bevel gear, 32 is the small bevel gear, 33 is the bearing seat, 34 is the power input shaft, 35 is the main transmission shaft, 36 is the Driving gear, 37 is an eccentric shaft, 38 is a driven gear, 39 is an eccentric sleeve, 4 is a connecting rod, 5 is a frame, 51 is a front beam, 52 is a lower hanging plate, 53 is an upper hanging plate, and 54 is a crossbeam, 55 is the rear beam, 6 is the fertilization pipe, 7 is the sleeve, 8 is the soil returning pipe, 9 is the handle of the subsoiler, 10 is the wing of the subsoiler, 11 is the tip of the subsoiler, 12 is the fixed plate for weeding, and 13 is the return spring , 14 is a spring mandrel, 15 is a clip, 16 is a lower column, 17 is a drag reducing spring, 18 is an upper column, 19 is a disc cutter, 20 is a ground wheel, 21 is a lifter, 22 is a rotary handle, 23 For an air pump, 24 is a deep loose fixing plate.

detailed description

Embodiment: With reference to accompanying drawing 1～6, the present invention comprises frame 5, weeding device, forced vibration device 3, subsoiling device, high-pressure air pump 23, fertilization device and depth control device, and described frame 5 is made of front beam 51. The lower hanging plate 52, the upper hanging plate 53, the crossbeam 54 and the rear beam 55 are formed. The lower hanging plate 52 embraces the front beam, the upper hanging plate 53 is connected with the front beam 51 and the crossbeam 54, and the rear beam 55 is connected with the front beam 51. Connect by crossbeam 54; Described weeding device is arranged under front beam 51; Described forced vibration device 3 is arranged on crossbeam 54, and described subsoiling device is arranged under rear beam 55; Described high-pressure air pump 23 is arranged at On the crossbeam 54, the high-pressure air pump 23 is connected to the air hole in the subsoiling shovel handle 9 through a hose; the fertilization device is arranged on the crossbeam 54;

Described weeding device is made of weeding fixed plate 12, back-moving spring 13, spring mandrel 14, clip 15, lower column 16, drag reduction spring 17, upper column 18, disc cutter 19, and last column 18 and weeding fixed plate 12 is connected, the lower column 16 is connected with the upper column 18, the drag reducing spring 17 is arranged between the upper column 18 and the lower column 16, the clip 15 is connected with the lower column 16, and the back end of the clip 15 is provided with a return spring 13, and in the return spring 13 A spring mandrel 14 is provided, and a disc cutter 19 is provided at both ends of the clip 15 .

The forced vibration device 3 is composed of a large bevel gear 31, a small bevel gear 32, a bearing seat 33, a power input shaft 34, a main transmission shaft 35, a driving gear 36, an eccentric shaft 37, a driven gear 38, and an eccentric sleeve 39. , the bearing seat 33 is connected with the front beam 51 of the frame 5, the bearing seat 33 is provided with a power input shaft 34, the small bevel gear 32 is connected with the rear end of the power input shaft 34, the large bevel gear 31 is connected with the small bevel gear 32, and the large bevel gear 31 is connected with the small bevel gear 32. The center of the bevel gear 31 is provided with a main transmission shaft 35, and the two ends of the main transmission shaft 35 are provided with a driving gear 36, which is fixed by a bearing seat 33. The driven gear 38 is connected with the driving gear 36 by a chain, and the center of the driven gear 38 is provided with an eccentric The shaft 37 is fixed by the bearing seat 33, and the eccentric sleeve 39 is connected with the eccentric shaft 37.

The described subsoiling device is composed of a vibrating arm 2, a connecting rod 4, a subsoiling shovel handle 9, a subsoiling shovel wing 10, a subsoiling shovel tip 11, and a subsoiling fixing plate 24. The connecting rod 4 is connected with the vibrating arm 2, and the subsoiling Loosening shovel handle 9 is connected with connecting rod 4, subsoiling shovel handle 9 is connected with the back beam 55 of frame 5 by subsoiling fixed plate 24, subsoiling shovel wing 10 is located at both sides under subsoiling shovel handle 9, subsoiling shovel The front of the wing 10 is provided with a subsoiling shovel tip 11, and the subsoiling shovel handle 9, the subsoiling shovel wing 10 and the subsoiling shovel tip 11 are drilled with air holes.

The fertilization device is composed of a fertilizer box 1, a fertilization pipe 6, a sleeve 7, and a soil return pipe 8. The fertilizer box 1 is connected to the fertilization pipe 6, the fertilization pipe 6 is arranged in the sleeve 7, and the soil return pipe 8 is connected to the fertilization pipe 6. , The sleeve 7 is connected with the subsoiling shovel handle 9 of the subsoiling device.

Described depth control device is connected by ground wheel 20, lifter 21 and rotary handle 22, and lifter 21 is located at frame 5 beam 54 both sides, and ground wheel 20 is connected with lifter 21 lower end, and rotary handle 22 is connected with lifter 21. The upper end is connected, and the height of the ground wheel 20 can be adjusted by turning the rotary handle 22.

Claims (6)

1. A forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine is characterized in that: it comprises a frame, a weeding device, a forced vibration device, a subsoiling device, a high-pressure air pump, a fertilizing device and a depth control device, and the frame is composed of a front Beam, lower hanging board, upper hanging board, crossbeam, rear beam, described lower hanging board embraces the front beam, upper hanging board is connected with front beam and crossbeam, rear beam is connected with front beam through crossbeam; described weeding device is set Under the front beam; the forced vibration device is arranged on the beam, and the subsoiling device is arranged under the rear beam; the high-pressure air pump is arranged on the beam, and the high-pressure air pump passes through the hose and the air hole in the handle of the subsoiler connection; the fertilization device is arranged on the beam; the depth control device is arranged on both sides of the beam. 2. A kind of forced vibration air pressure subsoil weeding and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weeding device consists of a weeding fixed plate, a return spring, a spring mandrel, a clip, a lower column, a drag reducing spring, Composed of upper column and disc cutter, the upper column is connected with the weeding fixed plate, the lower column is connected with the upper column, the drag reducing spring is arranged between the upper column and the lower column, the clip is connected with the lower column, and the back end of the clip is provided with a reset spring , a spring mandrel is arranged in the return spring, and disc cutters are arranged at both ends of the clip. 3. A kind of forced vibration air pressure subsoil weeding and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forced vibration device consists of a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear, a bearing seat, a power input shaft, a main drive shaft, The driving gear, eccentric shaft, driven gear and eccentric sleeve are composed of the bearing seat connected to the front beam of the frame, the power input shaft is arranged in the bearing seat, the small bevel gear is connected to the rear end of the power input shaft, the large bevel gear is connected to the small bevel gear Bevel gear connection, the center of the large bevel gear is provided with a main transmission shaft, the two ends of the main transmission shaft are provided with driving gears, and are fixed by bearing seats, the driven gear and the driving gear are connected by a chain, and the center of the driven gear is provided with an eccentric shaft, and The eccentric sleeve is fixed with the eccentric shaft through the bearing seat. 4. A kind of forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the described subsoiling device consists of a vibrating arm, a connecting rod, a subsoiling shovel handle, a subsoiling shovel wing, and a subsoiling shovel The subsoiling shovel handle is connected with the connecting rod, the subsoiling shovel handle is connected with the back beam of the frame through the subsoiling fixing plate, and the subsoiling shovel wing is set on the subsoiling shovel handle. On both sides of the bottom, a subsoiling shovel tip is provided in front of the subsoiling shovel wing, and air holes are drilled on the subsoiling shovel handle, the subsoiling shovel wing and the subsoiling shovel tip. 5. A kind of forced vibration air pressure subsoil weeding and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilization device is composed of a fertilizer box, a fertilization pipe, a sleeve, and a return pipe, and the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilization pipe. The fertilization pipe is arranged in the sleeve, the soil returning pipe is connected with the fertilization pipe, and the sleeve is connected with the subsoiling shovel handle of the subsoiling device. 6. A forced vibration air pressure subsoiling weeding and fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth control device is connected by a ground wheel, a lifter and a rotating handle, and the lifter is arranged on both sides of the frame beam , the ground wheel is connected with the lower end of the elevator, and the rotating handle is connected with the upper end of the elevator, and the height of the ground wheel can be adjusted by turning the rotating handle.