CN105878470A - 一种清开灵药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种清开灵药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105878470A CN105878470A CN201610436357.3A CN201610436357A CN105878470A CN 105878470 A CN105878470 A CN 105878470A CN 201610436357 A CN201610436357 A CN 201610436357A CN 105878470 A CN105878470 A CN 105878470A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种药物组合物,其由以下原料制成:胆酸、珍珠母、猪去氧胆酸、栀子、水牛角、板蓝根、黄芩苷和金银花,该药物组合物包括下列重量份的药效成分:黄芩苷360~540份、胆酸155~320份、栀子苷10~40份、尿苷2~10份、腺苷1~5份、鸟苷1~5份、色氨酸5~15份、表告依春0.5~1.5份、京尼平龙胆双糖苷5~15份、绿原酸1~4份、咖啡酸2~8份、熊去氧胆酸10~40份、猪去氧胆酸100~300份、氨基酸1000~3000份。动物实验表明,本发明药物组合物在治疗急性脑血管疾病、感染性疾病及病毒性肝炎中具有更好的药效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及一种具有清热解毒、化痰通络、醒神开窍作用的药物组合物。
背景技术
清开灵注射剂是由古方安宫牛黄丸经拆方研制而成的一种现代中药注射剂,具有清热解毒、清营凉血、泻火除烦、化痰通络、镇惊安神、醒神开窍的功能,临床上广泛应用于热病神昏、中风偏瘫、上呼吸道感染、肺炎、高热等疾病。其处方由胆酸、猪去氧胆酸、珍珠母、板蓝根、水牛角、黄芩苷、栀子、金银花八味中药组成,包含了化合物、植物药、动物药,在现存的中药注射剂及口服液中活性成分最为复杂,并最能体现中医方剂配伍理论。胆酸和猪去氧胆酸替代牛黄作为方中君药,水牛角为犀角的代用品,功用与犀角相似,为方中臣药,黄芩苷、金银花、栀子和板蓝根为方中佐药,珍珠母为使药。现代药理研究表明,金银花、黄芩、栀子、板蓝根有很强的抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎和退热作用;水牛角、牛黄、珍珠母有镇静、抗惊厥、强心退热作用;黄芩、栀子、板蓝根尚有保肝利胆,抑制乙肝病毒作用。
在清开灵注射剂的生产工艺中,胆酸、猪去氧胆酸和黄芩苷是以纯度较高的化合物经溶解直接加入;珍珠母和水牛角分别经过酸水解、碱水解后中和,以水解液形式入药,主要含有氨基酸和无机元素;金银花、栀子和板蓝根三味药经过水提以提取液形式进入复方,是整个复方中化学成分较为复杂的部分。
金银花是中医常用药,具有清热解毒、凉风散热的功效,主治痈肿疔疮、喉痹、丹毒、热毒血痢、风热感冒、温病发热等症,应用历史悠久。现代药理研究表明金银花具有抗病原微生物、抗炎、解热、保肝、抗生育、止血、免疫调节、降血脂、中枢兴奋等作用;临床上主要用于多种感染、各种炎症、高热症、高脂血症、肿瘤放疗、化疗口干症等。金银花的化学成分研究表明其中含有挥发油、有机酸、黄酮及其苷类、三萜皂苷、环烯醚萜苷类等多种成分,其中绿原酸、新绿原酸、异绿原酸和咖啡酸在金银花中含量较高。
栀子临床上常用于热病心烦、高热烦躁、湿热黄疸、小便短赤、热淋、血淋、血热出血、痈肿疮毒等症。现代药理研究表明,栀子具有:对肝脏、脑组织、胰腺细胞的保护作用,可以促进胆汁分泌、调节胃机能、增加内脏血流量、修复软组织损伤,以及降压、解热、镇静、镇痛、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗过敏等作用。研究发现,栀子中含有多种化学成分:黄酮类、环烯醚萜类、二萜类、三萜类、有机酸及其酯类、挥发油、多糖和无机元素类,最具代表性的有栀子苷,京尼平苷,京尼平-1β-龙胆双糖苷,山栀子苷和鸡屎藤次苷甲酯等化合物。
板蓝根临床上多用于治疗流行性乙型脑炎、流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、小儿急性肝炎、单疱病毒性角膜炎、咽炎、扁平疣、红眼病、泪囊炎、水痘等。板蓝根所含化学成分较为复杂,决定其具有多种药理作用。现代药理学研究表明板蓝根具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗内毒素、解热、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抑制血小板聚集以及调节免疫力等多种功能。板蓝根由于其广泛的药理作用,对其化学成分的研究进行的非常深入。有文献报道表告依春等含硫类化合物是其抗病毒的主要活性成分;此外腺苷、尿苷、鸟苷、胞苷和腺嘌呤等核苷类化合物可能通过参与并干扰细菌和病毒的基因表达过程,从而起到一定抗病毒作。另外,色氨酸也是板蓝根中一个活性成分。
水牛角临床上主要用于内科杂病如:紫癜病、新生儿出血症、自体免疫性溶血性贫血、慢性胃炎出血和白血病高热及出血,皮肤科杂病:痤疮、顽固性皮肤瘙痒症和带状疱疹,眼科疾病等。药理研究表明水牛角与其它中药配伍使用具有:抗内毒素、镇痛、抗炎、延长凝血时间等作用。在清开灵注射液的生产过程中,水牛角经过碱水解后和经酸水解的珍珠母以混合水解液的形式入药,其主要化学成分为游离型氨基酸。
珍珠母具有平肝潜阳、定惊止血、清肝明目的功效,在清开灵注射液中作为使药入方。珍珠母中主要成分为碳酸钙、角蛋白和一些微量元素。角蛋白经水解后,生成17种氨基酸,加入配制清开灵注射液。
清开灵注射剂是一个大复方制剂,生产工艺复杂。目前国内清开灵的生产厂家生产工艺各有不同,且产品中有效成分的组成和含量不稳定,从而导致药效学上的重现性较差,临床上疗效不稳定。2015年版中国药典清开灵注射液项下,也仅规定对黄芩苷、胆酸、猪去氧胆酸、栀子苷和总氮进行含量测定。而清开灵注射液作为一个中药复方而言,特点是“多组分、多环节、多靶点”,并不是一个或几个有效成分,而是更多有效组分之间在环节或靶点之间的协同,因此仅对几种有效成分的含量进行控制远不能实现该药药效学上的稳定性。中国专利201010140385.3提供了一种除了黄芩苷、胆汁酸、栀子苷有效成分外,还对氨基酸、绿原酸、核苷类化合物的成分进行含量限定的药物组合物,该药组合物显著降低了过敏反应,提高了用药安全性,但是仅具有与市售清开灵相当的药效。因此,从临床需求上,依然有必要研发一种新的多种有效成分及含量明确的新清开灵组合物及其制剂,进一步提高药品疗效,保障药品疗效稳定性及安全性。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,申请人对清开灵制剂物质基础、制备工艺及药效学方面进行的大量研究,意外的发现清开灵主要药效成分在特定的含量组成时具有更好的疗效。
本发明的首要目的在于提供一种疗效更好的具有清热解毒、化痰通络、醒神开窍作用的清开灵药物组合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了以下技术方案:
一种药物组合物,其由以下药效原料制成:胆酸、珍珠母、猪去氧胆酸、栀子、水牛角、板蓝根、黄芩苷和金银花,该药物组合物包括下列重量份的药效成分:黄芩苷360~540份、胆酸155~320份、栀子苷10~40份、尿苷2~10份、腺苷1~5份、鸟苷1~5份、色氨酸5~15份、表告依春0.5~1.5份、京尼平龙胆双糖苷5~15份、绿原酸2~4份、咖啡酸2~5份、猪去氧胆酸100~300份、氨基酸1000~3000份,其中所述氨基酸为总氨基酸,游离氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的90%以上;
该组合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入8~10倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入8~12倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用10~15倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用5~10倍重量Ba(OH)2溶液水解7~9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用5~10倍量H2SO4溶液水解7~9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
作为进一步优选方案:本发明组合包括以下重量份的药效成分:黄芩苷400~500份、胆酸200~300份、栀子苷20~30份、尿苷3~5份、腺苷1~3份、鸟苷1~2份、色氨酸7~12份、表告依春0.8~1份、京尼平龙胆双糖苷7~12份、绿原酸2~3份、咖啡酸3~4份、猪去氧胆酸180~250份、氨基酸1500~2000份,其中所述氨基酸为总氨基酸,游离氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的90%以上。
作为进一步优选方案:本发明的药物组合物,与适当的辅料制备成的选自注射液、冻干粉针剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、分散片、滴丸、泡腾片、软胶囊或口服液的制剂。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供制备治疗本发明组合物的制备方法,为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了以下技术方案:
本发明组合物制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入8~10倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入8~12倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用10~15倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用5~10倍重量Ba(OH)2溶液水解7~9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用5~10倍量H2SO4溶液水解7~9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
作为进一步优选方案,本发明组合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入9倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达70%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入10倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达70%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用12倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用8倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2溶液水解8小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用8倍量6mol/L的H2SO4溶液水解8小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
本发明的第三个目的是提供本发明组合物的制药用途,即本发明药物组合物在制备治疗缺血性脑血管疾病药物中的应用;本发明药物组合物在制备治疗感染性疾病药物中的应用,尤其是在制备治疗流感病毒感染性疾病药物中的应用;本发明药物组合物在制备治疗肝病药物中的应用,尤其是在制备治疗肝损伤药物中的应用。
本发明组合物有效成分黄芩苷、胆酸、栀子苷、尿苷、腺苷、鸟苷、色氨酸、表告依春、京尼平龙胆双糖苷、绿原酸、咖啡酸、猪去氧胆酸的含量按《中国药典》2015年版,第四部通则0512规定的高效液相色谱法测定。
由于本发明组合物的处方组成中水牛角含有一定量的角蛋白,经水解后其存在形式可能是游离氨基酸、小肽类物质及多肽类物质,经过对成品的水解,肽类物质被水解成游离型的氨基酸,因此氨基酸含量有所增加。成品中水解前游离的氨基酸与水解后的新增的氨基酸的总和为总氨基酸含量。本发明氨基酸含量按“清开灵注射液中氨基酸类成分含量测定方法研究”(北京中医药大学硕士研究生学位论文2013年作者:苏建坤)中OPA-FMOC柱前衍生化法测定。
申请人通过对比试验发现,本发明组合物制备的注射液相对于中国专利201010140385.3制备的注射液及市售清开灵注射液相比,具有如下优势:(1)对局灶性脑缺血动物缺血后再灌注大鼠保护作用更好;(2)对四氯化碳急性肝损伤模型小鼠具有更好的药效;(3)具有更好的抗内毒素所致肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤作用;(4)对流感病毒感染小鼠的具有更好保护作用;(5)对流感病毒感染小鼠肺损伤及病毒增殖具有更好的保护作用;(6)对流感病毒不同时相感染小鼠免疫功能具有更好的促进作用。
具体实施方案
下述是结合具体实施例或试验例进一步阐述本发明。但这些实施例或试验例仅限于说明本发明而不是用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例或试验例中未注明具体实验条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件。
实施例1:
(1)将180kg板蓝根分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至80L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将20kg栀子分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至20L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用10倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至30L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉21kg用5倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解7小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。42kg珍珠母粉用5倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解7小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将1.85kg胆酸及1.70kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将4.2kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升本发明组合物的注射液主要有效成分的如下:
黄芩苷3.60mg、胆酸1.55mg、栀子苷0.10mg、尿苷0.02mg、腺苷0.01mg、鸟苷0.01mg、色氨酸0.05mg、表告依春0.005mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.05mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.02mg、猪去氧胆酸1.00mg、氨基酸10.00mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为9.68mg)。
实施例2:
(1)将220kg板蓝根分别加入10倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至70L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将27kg栀子分别加入12倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至25L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用15倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至30L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉28kg用10倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。57kg珍珠母粉用10倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将3.82kg胆酸及4.8kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将6.2kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升本发明组合物的注射液主要有效成分的如下:
黄芩苷5.40mg、胆酸3.20mg、栀子苷0.40mg、尿苷0.10mg、腺苷0.05mg、鸟苷0.05mg、色氨酸0.15mg、表告依春0.015mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.15mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.05mg、猪去氧胆酸3.00mg、氨基酸30.00mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为28.65mg)。
实施例3:
(1)将194kg板蓝根分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至70L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将23kg栀子分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至35L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用10倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至30L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉23kg用7倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解7小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。47kg珍珠母粉用7倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解7小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将2.4kg胆酸及2.9kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将4.6kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升本发明组合物的注射液主要有效成分的如下:
黄芩苷4.00mg、胆酸2.00mg、栀子苷0.20mg、尿苷0.03mg、腺苷0.01mg、鸟苷0.01mg、色氨酸0.07mg、表告依春0.008mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.07mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.03mg、猪去氧胆酸1.80mg、氨基酸15.00mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为14.81mg)。
实施例4:
(1)将212kg板蓝根分别加入10倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至76L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将26kg栀子分别加入11倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至32L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达65%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用10倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至30L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉28kg用9倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。55kg珍珠母粉用9倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将3.6kg胆酸及4.0kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将5.7kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
黄芩苷5.00mg、胆酸3.00mg、栀子苷0.30mg、尿苷0.05mg、腺苷0.03mg、鸟苷0.02mg、色氨酸0.12mg、表告依春0.01mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.12mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.04mg、猪去氧胆酸2.50mg、氨基酸20.00mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为18.92mg)。
实施例5:
(1)将200kg板蓝根分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至200L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将25kg栀子分别加入8倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至25L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用10倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至20L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉25kg用5倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解8小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。50kg珍珠母粉用5倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解8小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将3.25kg胆酸及3.75kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将5kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升本发明组合物的注射液主要有效成分的如下:
黄芩苷4.35mg、胆酸2.72mg、栀子苷0.26mg、尿苷0.03mg、腺苷0.01mg、鸟苷0.02mg、色氨酸0.09mg、表告依春0.01mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.10mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.04mg、猪去氧胆酸2.33mg、氨基酸18.51mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为17.62mg)。
实施例6:
(1)将200kg板蓝根分别加入9倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至200L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达70%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将25kg栀子分别加入10倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至25L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达70%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用12倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至10L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.2,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉25kg用8倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解8小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。50kg珍珠母粉用7倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解8小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将3.25kg胆酸及3.75kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将5kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏,灌封灭菌,即得本发明组合物的注射液制剂。
采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升上述药液主要有效成分的如下:黄芩苷4.19mg、胆酸2.66mg、栀子苷0.25mg、尿苷0.03mg、腺苷0.02mg、鸟苷0.01mg、色氨酸0.11mg、表告依春0.009mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.08mg、绿原酸0.02mg、咖啡酸0.04mg、猪去氧胆酸2.24mg、氨基酸18.93mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为17.69mg)。
实施例7:
(1)将200kg板蓝根分别加入9倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至170L,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将25kg栀子分别加入10倍重量纯化水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至28L,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达80%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)60kg金银花分别用12倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩至10L,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉25kg用7倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2水解8小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。50kg珍珠母粉用7倍量6mol/L的H2SO4水解8小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.8,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,0~4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将3.25kg胆酸及3.75kg猪去氧胆酸溶于75%乙醇溶液中,将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,再加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将5kg黄芩苷用注射水溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得含本发明组合物的溶液。
(7)将步骤(6)获得的含本发明组合物的溶液,补加注射用水至1000L,再经活性炭处理后,冷藏。采用高效液相色谱测得每毫升上述药液主要有效成分的如下:黄芩苷4.45mg、胆酸2.85mg、栀子苷0.28mg、尿苷0.03mg、腺苷0.02mg、鸟苷0.01mg、色氨酸0.10mg、表告依春0.008mg、京尼平龙胆双糖苷0.12mg、绿原酸0.03mg、咖啡酸0.03mg、猪去氧胆酸2.38mg、氨基酸18.04mg(其中游离氨基酸含量为17.37mg)。
(8)将上述药液灌封、冷冻干燥,即得冻干粉针。
实施例8:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,浓缩溶液,制粒、干燥、整粒混合、装袋、包装即得颗粒剂。
实施例9:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,浓缩溶液,再加入蔗糖、糊精、微晶纤维素等辅料混合均匀后,低温干燥,粉碎成细粉,制粒,压片,包薄膜衣,即得片剂。
实施例10:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,浓缩溶液,低温干燥,粉碎成细粉。加入聚乙二醇6000加热熔融后,加入碳酸氢钠,混匀,放冷凝固后粉碎成细粉。再将柠檬酸,甜蜜素过80目与上述两种细粉混匀,用乙醇制粒,低温干燥,压片,即得泡腾片。
实施例11:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,浓缩溶液,低温干燥,粉碎成细粉,装入胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
实施例12:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,浓缩溶液成浸膏,加入以玉米油、大豆磷脂、蜂蜡制成混合油基质适量,充分混合,研磨均匀,制成软胶囊。
实施例13:
按实施例7方法制备本发明组合物的溶液,加入适量矫味剂并加水至1000mL,用氢氧化钠调pH值至7.2~7.5,搅匀,静置,滤过,即得口服液制剂。
对比例1:
按中国专利201010140385.3说明书第【0020】~【0031】段方法制备对比例产品(注射液)。
试验例1 本发明组合物对局灶性脑缺血动物缺血后再灌注保护作用
1、大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)缺血后再灌注模型的建立
采用体重在250-270g雄性SD大鼠,10%水合氯醛溶液400mg/kg,腹腔注射麻醉动物。大鼠仰卧位固定,颈部正中切开皮肤,钝性分离各层组织,暴露右侧颈总动脉(CCA)。分离至颈内动脉(internal carotid artery,ICA)、颈外动脉(external carotid artery,ECA)分叉后一段,仔细分离避免损伤迷走神经和气管,置线备用。分离同侧颈外动脉,在ECA发出约0.8cm处结扎。于CCA近心端夹一动脉夹,在ECA结扎处与分叉处之间做一直径约2mm的“V”形切口,将尼龙线自切口处轻轻插入CCA,松开动脉夹,经颈内、颈外动脉分叉部进入颈内动脉,将尼龙线缓慢地向ICA入颅内的方向推进,插入深度约18.5±0.5mm至微感阻力,使尼龙线头端通过MCA起始处,到达较细的大脑前动脉,此时即实现左侧大脑中动脉的血流阻塞,结扎ICA以固定尼龙线和防止出血,逐层缝合,尼龙线残端留1cm长于皮外。
假手术组只进行术前麻醉和血管分离术,不结扎及导入线栓。手术过程中室温保持在24-25℃,生物机能实验系统进行动物呼吸及心电监测。
2、实验分组及给药时间及方法
将SD大鼠随机分为以下几组:假手术组、模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组。于手术后3h按9mL/kg剂量采取腹腔注射方式给药。模型组腹腔注射生理盐水9mL/kg体重。除假手术组外,其余各组于缺血后2h将残留鱼线拔出至颈内和颈外动脉分叉处,造成再灌注损伤,于12h和24h后处死动物进行相关指标检测。(实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组动物给予的药物分别为本发明实施例1、实施例2,实施例3、实施例4、实施例5制备的注射液制剂;对比例组给予的药物为上述对比例1方法制备的注射液;以下试验例均同)。
(1)神经行为学Bederson’s法功能评价
动物于处死前进行神经行为学观察,参照Bederson等的方法(参考文献Bederson JB,Pitts LH,Tsuji M,et al.,Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion:evaluation of the model anddevelopment ofa neurologic examination.Stroke1986;17:4720~476)提鼠尾离开地面约1尺,观察两前肢状况;将大鼠置于水平地面,推动其双肩,观察两侧抵抗力有无差异;大鼠置于地面,观察其行走情况。采用五级评分法(0~4分),分数越高,说明其神经行为损伤越严重。神经功能学评分结果见表1。
表1 本发明组合物对小鼠四氯化碳急性肝损伤模型肝功能的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与实施例1组比较:△p<0.05
由实验结果可以看出,模型组较假手术组有统计学差异,说明造模成功(p<0.01),本发明组合物能够显著改善动物局灶性缺血再灌后12h和24h的神经损伤症状,且效果好于对比例组及市售清开灵组。
(2)对脑缺血后脑梗死体积的改善作用评价
功能评分后大鼠断头处死,迅速将取出的脑组织置于-20℃冰箱,10min后置室温环境,切除嗅球、小脑和低位脑干后并按大脑定位图谱所示间隔2mm冠状切成6个大脑连续冠状粗切片。然后迅速将脑片置于5ml含2%TTC(氯化三苯基四氮唑)及1mol·L-1K2HPO40.1ml的溶液中,37℃恒温、避光孵育30min,期间每隔5min将脑片翻动一次。经TTC染色后,正常组织呈玫瑰红色,梗死组织未被染色而呈白色。将每组脑片排列整齐,拍照保存,应用图像分析系统软件处理并作统计,计算每张脑片的梗塞面积,乘以每片脑片的厚度2mm,每只动物所有脑片梗塞面积乘以厚度相加,即为脑梗塞体积。本发明组合物对于脑缺血再灌后脑梗死体积的作用见表2。
表2 本发明组合物对脑缺血再灌后脑梗死体积的作用(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与实施例1组比较:△p<0.05
由实验结果可以看出,模型组较假手术组有统计学差异,说明造模成功(p<0.01),本发明组合物能够显著缩小动物局灶性缺血再灌后12h和24h脑梗塞体积,且效果好于对比例组及市售清开灵组。
(3)脑水肿改善作用评价
脑水肿是伴随脑缺血发生早期重要的病理过程,评价药物对脑水肿的改善作用是评价药物防治作用的重要指标,采用脑组织含水量和脑水肿率进行评价。
具体检测指标:
脑组织含水量(%)
取脑后立即称取缺血侧即左侧大脑半球的湿重。然后将左侧大脑半球置100℃的烤箱中烘烤24h后称取干重,计算脑组织含水量。脑组织含水量(%)=(脑湿重-脑干重)/脑湿重×100%。本发明组合物对脑缺血再灌后大鼠脑组织含水量的影响见表3。
表3 本发明组合物对脑缺血再灌后大鼠脑组织含水量的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:*p<0.05;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与实施例1组比较:△p<0.05
由实验结果可以看出,模型组较假手术组有统计学差异,说明造模成功(p<0.05),本发明组合物能够显著缩小动物局灶性缺血再灌后12h和24h脑水肿,且效果好于对比例组及市售清开灵组。
综上所述,从神经功能学评分和脑水肿的改善,脑梗死体积的减少,表明本发明组合物与对比例及市售清开灵相比具有更好的保护大鼠脑缺血再灌后损伤的作用。
试验例2 本发明组合物对小鼠四氯化碳急性肝损伤模型功能的影响
1、CCl4诱导急性肝损伤模型的建立
实验前动物隔夜禁食16h。模型组小鼠以25mL/kg剂量罐胃0.5%CCl4,对照组给予等体积花生油,各组禁食不禁水。于染毒后24h对各组小鼠眼球采血,分离血清,检测血清中的ALT及AST含量,确证造模成功。
2、实验分组及给药时间及方法
动物分组:SPF级雄性NIH小鼠,按照完全随机分组的原则,分为正常组,模型组,实施例1组、实施例2组,实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组,每组10只,给药剂量为20mL/kg。
给药时间及方法:造模6h后开始给药,每天1次,连续给药14天。阴性对照组给予等量的生理盐水。
3、指标的检测
实验第14天晚禁食,第15天早晨9点杀鼠,腹主动脉取血,分离血清,测定:(1)丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT);(2)天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)。
4、实验结果
表4 本发明组合物对小鼠四氯化碳急性肝损伤模型肝功能的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:##p<0.01;与实施例1组比较:△p<0.05
由实验结果可以看出,模型组较对照组有统计学差异,说明造模成功(p<0.01),本发明组合物与对比例组及市售清开灵组相比肝损伤程度小,且有统计学差异(p<0.05),对治疗CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤具有更好效果。
试验例3 本发明组合物对内毒素所致肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤的影响
1、实验材料
大肠杆菌内毒素、脂质过氧化物测试盒、胶原蛋白酶Ⅳ、DEM培养基、胎牛血清;SD雄性大鼠,体重150~160g。
2、实验方法
(1)提取白细胞:
大鼠腹腔注射无菌液体石蜡9mL,24小时后乙醚麻醉,用60mL Hanks液冲洗腹腔,打开腹腔吸出约50mL液体,1000rpm离心5分钟,弃上清液,用Hanks液搅匀后再次离心,如有红细胞残留,可加入Tris-NH4Cl适量,搅匀,5分钟后离心,1000rpm离心五分钟,再用Hanks液搅匀,重复3次,得白细胞,所提取的白细胞活细胞在90%以上。
(2)肝细胞分离及分组
按seglen的方法,大鼠干燥用无钙离子灌流液前灌流,再用胶原蛋白酶Ⅳ灌流液进行后灌流,然后在DME培养液中释放肝细胞,经过过滤后洗3次,台盼蓝检测活细胞在90%以上,用含有5%胎牛血清DME液调细胞数至1×109/L。分为对照组(不含内毒素、白细胞)、内毒素白细胞组(内含内毒素,其浓度为10mg/L,白细胞1×107/L)、实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组。其中实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组为在各培养瓶内含内毒素10mg/L及白细胞1×107/L的基础上分别加入各组药物20mL/L。以上各组总体及保持一致,不足者以DME培养液补足,肝细胞数均为1×109/L。
(3)脂质过氧化物的测定
将上述各组放入5%CO2恒温箱37℃培养30分钟、60分钟、180分钟,去培养液1500rpm离心10分钟,取上清液用脂质过氧化物药盒按说明书进行测定,以丙二醛(MDA)含量代表脂质过氧化物含量。结果见表5。
表5 本发明组合物对内毒素白细胞合用时肝细胞MDA生成的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01;
3、实验结果
上述结果表明,本发明中药组合物与对比例组及市售清开灵组相比对内毒素所致肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤有更好的保护作用。
试验例4 本发明组合物对流感病毒感染小鼠死亡的保护作用
1、实验材料
甲型流感病毒鼠肺适应株H1N1(A/PR8/34),在9-10日龄的SPF(specific pathogen free,无特定病原体)鸡胚中传代增殖后,分装保存于–80℃备用;SPF级雌性昆明小鼠,14-16g。
2、实验方法
将小鼠随机分为8组,每组10只,分别为对照组、模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组,除空白对照组外,各实验组动用乙醚轻度麻醉,以4LD50(半数致死量,即Lethal Dose,50')的流感病毒液滴鼻感染小鼠造模,0.05ml/只,正常组生理盐水滴鼻对照。造模后当日灌胃给药,连续7天,正常组和模型组给予生理盐水对照。自造模当日起连续观察14天,计算各组死亡率及平均生时间。结果见表6。
表6 本发明组合物对流感病毒感染小鼠死亡保护率的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与实施例1组比较:△p<0.05
3、实验结果
上述结果表明,本发明中药组合物与对比例组及市售清开灵组相比对流感病毒感染的小鼠的死亡率有更好的保护作用。
试验例5 本发明组合物对流感病毒不同时相感染小鼠肺损伤及病毒增殖的影响
1、实验材料
与试验例1相同。
2、实验方法
将小鼠随机分为8组,每组15只,分别为对照组、模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组,除空白对照组外,各实验组动用乙醚轻度麻醉,以4LD50(半数致死量,即Lethal Dose,50')的流感病毒液滴鼻感染小鼠造模,0.05ml/只,正常组生理盐水滴鼻对照。造模后当日灌胃给药,分别于24、72、120h(小时)处死1/3小鼠,摘取肺脏,计算肺指数和肺组织中病毒滴度的检测。检查结果见表7。
表7 本发明组合物对流感病毒感染小鼠肺指数和病毒滴度的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01
3、实验结果
上述结果表明,本发明中药组合物与对比例组及市售清开灵组相比对流感病毒感染的小鼠肺炎有更好的抑制作用
试验例6 本发明组合物对流感病毒不同时相感染小鼠免疫功能的影响
1、实验材料
与试验例1相同。
2、实验方法
将小鼠随机分为8组,每组15只,分别为对照组、模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、实施例4组、实施例5组、对比例组、市售清开灵注射液组,除空白对照组外,各实验组动用乙醚轻度麻醉,以4LD50(半数致死量,即Lethal Dose,50')的流感病毒液滴鼻感染小鼠造模,0.05ml/只,正常组生理盐水滴鼻对照。造模后当日灌胃给药,分别于24、72、120h(小时)处死1/3小鼠,眼眶取血,检测各个免疫因子。检查结果见表8~11。
表8 本发明组合物对不同时相感染小鼠T细胞增殖活性的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01
表9 本发明组合物对不同时相感染小鼠B细胞增殖活性的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01
表10 本发明组合物对不同时相感染小鼠TNF-a细胞增殖活性的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:*p<0.05,**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01
表11本发明组合物对不同时相感染小鼠肺匀浆TNF-a细胞增殖活性的影响(X±S)
注:与对照组比较:*p<0.05,**p<0.01;与模型组比较:#p<0.05,##p<0.01
4、试验结果
上述结果表明,本发明中药组合物与对比例组及市售清开灵组相比对流感病毒感染的小鼠免疫功能的促进作用效果更好。
应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种药物组合物,其由以下药效原料制成:胆酸、珍珠母、猪去氧胆酸、栀子、水牛角、板蓝根、黄芩苷和金银花,该药物组合物包括下列重量份的药效成分:黄芩苷360~540份、胆酸155~320份、栀子苷10~40份、尿苷2~10份、腺苷1~5份、鸟苷1~5份、色氨酸5~15份、表告依春0.5~1.5份、京尼平龙胆双糖苷5~15份、绿原酸2~4份、咖啡酸2~5份、猪去氧胆酸100~300份、氨基酸1000~3000份,其中所述氨基酸为总氨基酸,游离氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的90%以上;该组合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入8~10倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入8~12倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用10~15倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用5~10倍重量Ba(OH)2溶液水解7~9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用5~10倍量H2SO4溶液水解7~9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
2.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于包括以下重量份的药效成分:黄芩苷400~500份、胆酸200~300份、栀子苷20~30份、尿苷3~5份、腺苷1~3份、鸟苷1~2份、色氨酸7~12份、表告依春0.8~1份、京尼平龙胆双糖苷7~12份、绿原酸2~3份、咖啡酸3~4份、猪去氧胆酸180~250份、氨基酸1500~2000份,其中所述氨基酸为总氨基酸,游离氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的90%以上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的药物组合物,与适当的辅料制备成的选自注射液、冻干粉针剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、分散片、滴丸、泡腾片、软胶囊或口服液的制剂。
4.一种权利要求1或2所述药物组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入8~10倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入8~12倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达60~80%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用10~15倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用5~10倍重量Ba(OH)2溶液水解7~9小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用5~10倍量H2SO4溶液水解7~9小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于包含如下步骤:
(1)将板蓝根分别加入9倍重量水,煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,放冷,加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,再加乙醇使含醇量达70%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,放冷,调pH值至7.0,煮沸,趁热过滤得板蓝根提取液;
(2)将栀子分别加入10倍重量水,煎煮二次,第一次1小时,第二次0.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,滤液再加入乙醇使含醇量达70%,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇至无醇味,冷藏,过滤,得栀子提取液;
(3)金银花分别用12倍重量水煎煮二次,每次0.5小时,合并滤液,滤过,滤液浓缩,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,滤过,滤液调节pH值8.0~8.2,冷藏,过滤,回收乙醇,再加乙醇使含醇量达85%,冷藏,过滤,滤液回收乙醇至无醇味,得金银花提取物;
(4)水牛角粉用8倍重量4mol/L的Ba(OH)2溶液水解8小时左右,滤过,滤液备用。珍珠母用8倍量6mol/L的H2SO4溶液水解8小时后,滤过,滤液备用。合并滤液,调节pH值至3.5~4.0,滤过,滤液加乙醇使含醇量达60%,冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,得水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液;
(5)将栀子提取液、板蓝根提取液和水牛角和珍珠母水解混合液合并后,加到胆酸、猪去氧胆酸的75%乙醇溶液中,混匀,加乙醇使含醇量达75%,调节pH值至7.0冷藏,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,加水,得六混液;
(6)将黄芩苷溶解,调pH值至7.5,加入金银花提取液和六混液,混匀,即得。
6.一种如权利要求1或2所述药物组合物在制备治疗缺血性脑血管疾病药物中的应用。
7.一种如权利要求1或2所述药物组合物在制备治疗感染性疾病药物中的应用。
8.一种如权利要求7所述药物组合物在制备治疗流感病毒感染性疾病药物中的应用。
9.一种如权利要求1或2所述药物组合物在制备治疗肝病药物中的应用。
10.一种如权利要求9所述药物组合物在制备治疗肝损伤药物中的应用。
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