CN105875291A - Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard - Google Patents
Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105875291A CN105875291A CN201410520629.9A CN201410520629A CN105875291A CN 105875291 A CN105875291 A CN 105875291A CN 201410520629 A CN201410520629 A CN 201410520629A CN 105875291 A CN105875291 A CN 105875291A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- cloth
- orchard
- soil
- collection rain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for a loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard. The method adopts a ground fabric which can stop sunlight directly radiating a ground surface; the ground fabric is solid in structure, which can stop weed penetrating the ground fabric, and then the ground fabric can inhibit the growth of the weeds and kill the weeds; the ground fabric is paved on the ground, the ground temperature remarkably increases in every spring, the root activity is improved, in particular to dwarf stock apple trees with shallow root systems ; the ground fabric is weaved, interweaved positions between warp and weft are provided with fine pores, and then the ground fabric has water permeability and air permeability; when rainfall is large in the orchard, excess water can form runoff, soil nutrients can be retained, and waterlogging damage to the roots can be avoided; the ground fabric has a certain tensile strength, and then can resist external force pulling and dragging in a general production condition; and after the ground is covered with the ground fabric, overwintering insects in soil can be stop coming up from the soil, and reproduction and infection of germs in the soil can be prevented and relieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of a kind of apple orchard soil moisture conservation weeding, the technology of Ai Zhen apple orchard, region, a kind of loess plateau soil moisture conservation weeding.
Background technology
Apple Dwarf Stocks intensive culture technology is the advanced apple production technology that international developed country is commonly used, because of its have specular removal, saving of labor,
Result morning, the feature such as yield height, updating decision, obtain Rapid Popularization and application in Fructus Mali pumilae producing region, China loess plateau in recent years.But due to apple dwarf
Stock root ties up to be distributed in soil the most shallower, higher relative to vigorous stock to water demand, sensitive to water deficit, and region, loess plateau year fall
Rainfall has focused largely between 430～560mm, and presents continuing of the feature of rainfall skewness, particularly winter-spring season between year border and moon border
Arid can make the normal growth of short anvil apple tree grow influenced to different extents, and causing it to produce potential can not give full play to.Therefore, at loess
Fructus Mali pumilae producing region, plateau carries out short anvil apple orchard clayed aluminium alloy stable equilibrium can supply moisture relatively, effectively alleviates seasonal drought and coerces.Additionally, the summer
Season orchard weed raised growth, annual it is generally required to make a call to 3 herbicides or artificial weeding more than 4 times, time-consuming take a lot of work.
Summary of the invention
For solving an above existing difficult problem, the invention discloses the technology of Ai Zhen apple orchard, region, a kind of loess plateau soil moisture conservation weeding, specific embodiments is such as
Under:
1, time and wide cut requirement are laid
(1) time of the year when autumn changes into winter covers cloth
Carry out immediately after orchard autumn basal dressing, complete to soil freezing.The orchard that winter is relatively warmer, frozen soil layer is shallow, wind is big is at turn of autumn and winter
Cover cloth preferably.
(2) cloth is covered spring
Carry out immediately after table soil thick for soil 5cm thaws, more early the best.Winter is colder, frozen soil layer covers with spring compared with the orchard deep, wind is little
Cloth is preferably.
(3) width is laid
The width of laying of ground cloth should be the 70～80% of the exhibition of tree crown bough, because the absorption root system of apple tree is concentrated mainly in this region, cloth surface, ground
The rainwater of afflux should be saved and preserve in this region.It is wide that 1～3 year treelet ground cloth laying overall width of planting requires that 1.0m, i.e. trunk both sides respectively spread a 50cm
Ground cloth；The first fruit phase tree of more than 4 years selects the ground cloth of wide cut 70cm, covers cloth in trunk both sides；Trees in richful production period selects the ground cloth of wide cut 1.0m, in tree
Cloth is covered in dry both sides.
2, covering method
(1) surface management
Ground cloth first has to remove ground weeds, the weeds that especially stem is thicker, atraumatically cloth before laying.Secondly ground grading, it is desirable at trunk
Outside ground and ground cloth, ground is certain slope, discrepancy in elevation 5cm, it is simple to rainwater rapidly flows toward both sides collection rain rill and effectively absorbed by root system, prevents because of ground cloth
The gradient is not had to make rainwater stay surface evaporation and slattern.
(2) line
First according to the ground cloth width line of tree crown size and selection.Line, is restricted at tree dish two layback twice straight line with measuring, with trunk to parallel with row
Distance less than ground cloth width 10 centimetres, redundance voltage supply buries, middle overlapping connect and ground cloth shrinks and uses.The orchard covering cloth requires that physical features is smooth,
Without weeds, field soil, fertilizer, water management are fine.
(3) cloth is covered
First bury both sides, connect centre afterwards.Along the line trench digging previously drawn, degree of depth 5-10cm, in cloth side, ground embedment ditch.Middle with encapsulation Fructus Mali pumilae paper
" U " sections nail of case or iron wire connect, and operating speed is fast and is connected firmly, and remember to want overlapping 3～5 centimetres, prevent ground cloth from gap occur after shrinking
And grow weeds.Automatically shrink tensioning after seeing sunlight due to ground cloth, thus when initially laying ground cloth, only need to simply pave, with spreading not
With.
(5) drip irrigation pipe is laid
There is the orchard of drip irrigation equipment, drip irrigation pipe can be positioned over below ground cloth.Young garden often row can be close to trunk and place 1 drip irrigation pipe, becomes age
1 drip irrigation pipe is respectively placed along the outside of ground cloth in orchard.
(6) excavation collection rain rill
After ground cloth covers, along row to the collection rain rill of deep, wide 30 centimetres of excavation finishing at face, ridge two lateral extent ground cloth edge 3cm, it is desirable to bottom of trench is put down
Directly, it is simple to rainwater is evenly distributed.When in garden physical features is uneven, collection rain rill is longer, a crosspiece can be repaiied every 2～3 strain spacing in collection rain rill.Additionally,
Orchard with good conditionsi can cover one layer of crop material in small, broken bits in collection rain rill, improves soil moisture conservation effect with further.The orchard having drip irrigation equipment can not be dug
Collection rain rill, to reduce recruitment cost.
(7) in the ranks manage
In the ranks cover grass, natural grass or Planting Grass.
3, fertilising
(1) topdress
After covering cloth, when trophophase spraying fertilizer, for improving fertilizer utilization efficiency, it is proposed that use fertilization gun to topdress, young garden is along going at tree body two
Topdress in side.Orchard in age is become to topdress along collection rain rill.This kind of pattern is topdressed and be can reach the coupling effect of " water-fertilizer " one.Typically topdressing can be at collection rain rill
Expert executes or spreads manuer in holes.First the orchard covering grass takes out the grass that covers in collection rain rill, then digs row or cave apart from selvedge 3～5 centimetres by fertilization depth.
After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass reply original place.
(2) base manure
When covering after cloth to autumn basal dressing, row can be dug in collection rain rill and apply.After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass time
Restore concerning ground.
Beneficial effect: the ground cloth that the method for the invention uses can stop the sunlight direct irradiation to ground, utilizes the knot that ground cloth itself is firm simultaneously
Structure stops weeds through ground cloth, thus ensure that ground cloth is to the suppression of weed growth and killing action；Lay ground cloth, can be obviously improved annual spring
Ground temperature, promotes the short anvil apple tree that improving activity of root system, especially root system are shallower；Ground cloth is that braiding forms, and has tiny hole at warp parallel intertexture,
There is certain water penetration and breathability, when orchard precipitation is bigger, the moisture of excess can be made again to produce runoff, keep soil nutrient, be unlikely to send out
Take root portion's damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging；Ground cloth has certain hot strength, it is possible to resist pulling and involving of External Force Acting under general working condition；Cover energy after ground cloth
Enough stop being unearthed of the insect that survives the winter in soil, prevent simultaneously and alleviate the breeding of pathogenic bacteria in soil and infect.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of technology of Ai Zhen apple orchard, region, loess plateau soil moisture conservation weeding, specific embodiments is as follows:
1, time and wide cut requirement are laid
(1) time of the year when autumn changes into winter covers cloth
Carry out immediately after orchard autumn basal dressing, complete to soil freezing.The orchard that winter is relatively warmer, frozen soil layer is shallow, wind is big is in the time of the year when autumn changes into winter
Cover cloth preferably.
(2) cloth is covered spring
Carry out immediately after table soil thick for soil 5cm thaws, more early the best.Winter is colder, frozen soil layer covers with spring compared with the orchard deep, wind is little
Cloth is preferably.
(3) width is laid
The width of laying of ground cloth should be the 70～80% of the exhibition of tree crown bough, because the absorption root system of apple tree is concentrated mainly in this region, cloth surface, ground
The rainwater of afflux should be saved and preserve in this region.1～3 year treelet ground cloth of planting is laid overall width and is required 1.0m, i.e. sets that respectively spread a 50cm in both sides wide
Ground cloth；The first fruit phase tree of more than 4 years selects the ground cloth of wide cut 70cm, covers cloth in trunk both sides；Trees in richful production period selects the ground cloth of wide cut 1.0m, in tree
Cloth is covered in dry both sides.
2, covering method
(1) surface management
Ground cloth first has to remove ground weeds, the weeds that especially stem is thicker, atraumatically cloth before laying.Secondly ground grading, it is desirable at trunk
Outside ground and ground cloth, ground is certain slope, discrepancy in elevation 5cm, it is simple to rainwater rapidly flows toward both sides collection rain rill and effectively absorbed by root system, prevents because of ground cloth
The gradient is not had to make rainwater stay surface evaporation and slattern.
(2) line
First according to the ground cloth width line of tree crown size and selection.Line, is restricted at tree dish two layback twice straight line with measuring, with trunk to parallel with row
Distance less than ground cloth width 10 centimetres, redundance voltage supply buries, middle overlapping connect and ground cloth shrinks and uses.The orchard covering cloth requires that physical features is smooth,
Without weeds, field soil, fertilizer, water management are fine.
(3) cloth is covered
First bury both sides, connect centre afterwards.Along the line trench digging previously drawn, degree of depth 5-10cm, in cloth side, ground embedment ditch.Middle with encapsulation Fructus Mali pumilae paper
" U " sections nail of case or iron wire connect, and operating speed is fast and is connected firmly, and remember to want overlapping 3～5 centimetres, prevent ground cloth from gap occur after shrinking
And grow weeds.Automatically shrink tensioning after seeing sunlight due to ground cloth, thus when initially laying ground cloth, only need to simply pave, with spreading not
With.
(4) drip irrigation pipe is laid
There is the orchard of drip irrigation equipment, drip irrigation pipe can be positioned over below ground cloth.Young garden often row can be close to trunk and place 1 drip irrigation pipe, becomes age
1 drip irrigation pipe is respectively placed along the outside of ground cloth in orchard.
(5) excavation collection rain rill
After ground cloth covers, along row to the collection rain rill of deep, wide 30 centimetres of excavation finishing at face, ridge two lateral extent ground cloth edge 3cm, it is desirable to bottom of trench is put down
Directly, it is simple to rainwater is evenly distributed.When in garden physical features is uneven, collection rain rill is longer, a crosspiece can be repaiied every 2～3 strain spacing in collection rain rill.Additionally,
Orchard with good conditionsi can cover one layer of crop material in small, broken bits in collection rain rill, improves soil moisture conservation effect with further.The orchard having drip irrigation equipment can not be dug
Collection rain rill, to reduce recruitment cost.
(6) in the ranks manage
In the ranks cover grass, natural grass or people to sow grass.
3, fertilising
(1) topdress
After covering cloth, when trophophase spraying fertilizer, for improving fertilizer utilization efficiency, it is proposed that use fertilization gun to topdress, young garden is along going at tree body two
Topdress in side.Orchard in age is become to topdress along collection rain rill.This kind of pattern is topdressed and be can reach the coupling effect of " water-fertilizer " one.Typically topdressing can be at collection rain rill
Expert executes or spreads manuer in holes.First the orchard covering grass takes out the grass that covers in collection rain rill, then digs row or cave apart from selvedge 3～5 centimetres by fertilization depth.
After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass reply original place.
(2) base manure
When covering after cloth to autumn basal dressing, row can be dug in collection rain rill and apply.After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass time
Restore concerning ground.
4, other points for attention
(1) fire prevention
Gardening ground cloth is plastic, fire.Autumn Mo to the early spring during this period of time in, owing to dry, weeds dry up, should forbid
The behavior of easy breaking out of fires such as burning the grass on waste land of setting fire is had in orchard and periphery.Especially for covering the orchard of grass and SHENGCAO more it should be noted that prevent fires.
(2) high temperature-proof injury
5～August, owing to ambient temperature is higher, after laying ground cloth, plant to noon in air themperature understands the short time and steeply rise, relative winter-spring season
Laying ground cloth, this phase tree body, owing to not having generation adaptation process from low temperature to high temperature, can scald bark in various degree, and young apple tree even can be sent out
The raw whole strain phenomena of mortality, therefore, high temperature season is it is not recommended that lay ground cloth.
Claims (1)
1. the technology of Ai Zhen apple orchard, region, loess plateau soil moisture conservation weeding, it is characterised in that specific embodiments is:
(1) time and wide cut requirement are laid
1. the time of the year when autumn changes into winter covers cloth
Carry out immediately after orchard autumn basal dressing, complete to soil freezing.The orchard that winter is relatively warmer, frozen soil layer is shallow, wind is big is in the time of the year when autumn changes into winter
Cover cloth preferably.
2. cloth is covered spring
Carry out immediately after table soil thick for soil 5cm thaws, more early the best.Winter is colder, frozen soil layer covers with spring compared with the orchard deep, wind is little
Cloth is preferably.
3. width is laid
The width of laying of ground cloth should be the 70～80% of the exhibition of tree crown bough, because the absorption root system of apple tree is concentrated mainly in this region, cloth surface, ground
The rainwater of afflux should store a surname in this region.It is wide that 1～3 year treelet ground cloth laying overall width of planting requires that 1.0m, i.e. trunk both sides respectively spread a 50cm
Ground cloth；The first fruit phase tree of more than 4 years selects the ground cloth of wide cut 70cm, covers cloth in trunk both sides；Trees in richful production period selects the ground cloth of wide cut 1.0m, in tree
Cloth is covered in dry both sides.
(2) covering method
1. surface management
Ground cloth first has to remove ground weeds, the weeds that especially stem is thicker, atraumatically cloth before laying.Secondly ground grading, it is desirable at trunk
Outside ground and ground cloth, ground is certain slope, discrepancy in elevation 5cm, it is simple to rainwater rapidly flows toward both sides collection rain rill and effectively absorbed by root system, prevents because of ground cloth
The gradient is not had to make rainwater stay surface evaporation and slattern.
2. rule
First according to the ground cloth width line of tree crown size and selection.Line, is restricted at tree dish two layback twice straight line with measuring, with trunk to parallel with row
Distance less than ground cloth width 10 centimetres, redundance voltage supply buries, middle overlapping connect and ground cloth shrinks and uses.The orchard covering cloth requires that physical features is smooth,
Without weeds, field soil, fertilizer, water management are fine.
3. cloth is covered
First bury both sides, connect centre afterwards.Along the line trench digging previously drawn, degree of depth 5-10cm, in cloth side, ground embedment ditch.Middle with encapsulation Fructus Mali pumilae paper
Case " U, sections nail or iron wire connect, and operating speed is fast and is connected firmly, and remember to want overlapping 3～5 centimetres, prevent ground cloth from gap occur after shrinking
And grow weeds.Automatically shrink tensioning after seeing sunlight due to ground cloth, thus when initially laying ground cloth, only need to simply pave, with spreading not
With.
4. drip irrigation pipe is laid
There is the orchard of drip irrigation equipment, drip irrigation pipe can be positioned over below ground cloth.Young garden often row can be close to trunk and place 1 drip irrigation pipe, becomes age
1 drip irrigation pipe is respectively placed along the outside of ground cloth in orchard.
5. excavation collection rain rill
After ground cloth covers, along row to the collection rain rill of deep, wide 30 centimetres of excavation finishing at face, ridge two lateral extent ground cloth edge 3cm, it is desirable to bottom of trench is put down
Directly, it is simple to rainwater is evenly distributed.When in garden physical features is uneven, collection rain rill is longer, a crosspiece can be repaiied every 2～3 strain spacing in collection rain rill.Additionally,
Orchard with good conditionsi can cover one layer of crop material in small, broken bits in collection rain rill, improves soil moisture conservation effect with further.The orchard having drip irrigation equipment can not be dug
Collection rain rill, to reduce recruitment cost.
The most in the ranks manage
In the ranks cover grass, natural grass or Planting Grass.
(3) fertilising
1. topdress
After covering cloth, when trophophase spraying fertilizer, for improving fertilizer utilization efficiency, it is proposed that use fertilization gun to topdress, young garden is along going at tree body two
Topdress in side.Orchard in age is become to topdress along collection rain rill.This kind of pattern is topdressed and be can reach the coupling effect of " water-fertilizer " one.Typically topdressing can be at collection rain rill
Expert executes or spreads manuer in holes.First the orchard covering grass takes out the grass that covers in collection rain rill, then digs row or cave apart from selvedge 3～5 centimetres by fertilization depth.
After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass reply original place.
2. base manure
When covering after cloth to autumn basal dressing, row can be dug in collection rain rill and apply.After fertilising, backfill soil by original bottom of trench height, and taking-up is covered grass time
Restore concerning ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410520629.9A CN105875291A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410520629.9A CN105875291A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105875291A true CN105875291A (en) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=57000299
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410520629.9A Pending CN105875291A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105875291A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414272A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 安徽中疆环境科技有限公司 | A kind of contaminated soil sampler of pollution control |
| CN108496501A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of short anvil apple-planting rhizosphere rich water abundance zone construction method in nonirrigated farmland |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103477850A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Covering method and structure for degradable film of flue-cured tobacco ridge culture |
-
2014
- 2014-09-30 CN CN201410520629.9A patent/CN105875291A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103477850A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Covering method and structure for degradable film of flue-cured tobacco ridge culture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 韩立新等: "黄土高原矮砧苹果园铺设园艺地布保墒除草技术", 《山西果树》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108496501A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of short anvil apple-planting rhizosphere rich water abundance zone construction method in nonirrigated farmland |
| CN108414272A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 安徽中疆环境科技有限公司 | A kind of contaminated soil sampler of pollution control |
| CN108414272B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2021-11-05 | 安徽中疆环境科技有限公司 | Pollute contaminated soil sampling device of administering usefulness |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104145756B (en) | Dry Land Orchard covers black and white dichroic micropore film drip irrigation with catchment of rainfall method | |
| CN103975773B (en) | The color leaf of racemosus views and admires the artificial culturing method of moulding bonsai tree | |
| CN103733948B (en) | A kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method | |
| CN102714998B (en) | Bud-stock grafting method of tea-oil tree improved variety | |
| CN103975775B (en) | The color leaf of multilayer views and admires the artificial culturing method of moulding bonsai tree | |
| CN103749108A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for mulberries | |
| CN104509361A (en) | Planting method for increasing breeding yield of bamboo shoots seedlings | |
| CN104982300A (en) | Arid desert region protection forest system construction method | |
| CN103975774B (en) | The color leaf of bull views and admires the artificial culturing method of moulding bonsai tree | |
| CN102113458A (en) | Cultivation technology of red maple | |
| CN103988702A (en) | Tea seedling black film mulching cultivation method | |
| CN103583305A (en) | Method for coastal saline-alkali land greening maintenance | |
| CN106718521A (en) | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone heavy saline seedling growth | |
| CN105453984B (en) | A kind of high altitude sand cypress introduction and cultivation method | |
| CN105557401A (en) | Method for suppressing weed growth of fruit tree land | |
| CN102428863A (en) | Subsoil-free rapid propagation and seedling method of tea tree | |
| CN105875323A (en) | Interplanting method of green tea and Chinese torreya | |
| CN108643125A (en) | A method of mulberry is flooded to reservoir drawdown band progress restoration of the ecosystem using resistance to | |
| CN102771220A (en) | Method for returning straws to field in vineyard | |
| CN102577904B (en) | Method for planting Vitis vinifera graftings in clay land in Lixia River area | |
| CN103733853A (en) | Seedling method for breeding tea trees by using paddy soil | |
| CN105875291A (en) | Soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard | |
| CN104012282A (en) | Method for growing vatica astrotricha seedlings in Guangxi | |
| CN107820973B (en) | Cultivation management method of U-shaped peach trees suitable for mechanical operation | |
| CN102823356B (en) | New method for planting fungus grass for desertification control |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160824 |