CN105875232A - Summer pruning method for greenhouse main trunk model peach trees - Google Patents
Summer pruning method for greenhouse main trunk model peach trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN105875232A CN105875232A CN201610271563.3A CN201610271563A CN105875232A CN 105875232 A CN105875232 A CN 105875232A CN 201610271563 A CN201610271563 A CN 201610271563A CN 105875232 A CN105875232 A CN 105875232A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a summer pruning method for greenhouse main trunk model peach trees. The method comprises the following steps of: pruning before harvest; removing films after harvest; performing blow-down exercise within a week after film removal, and pruning. The pruning requirement per year needs to be totally completed before 20, June, and the pruning operation is completed at twice, the upper half part or any one half on the left or right of each peach tree is pruned at the first time, the needed time for allowing shoots coming out under the pruning wound to grow to more than 5cm is generally 10-15 days; then pruning for the second time, namely pruning the lower half part or any one half on the right or left; uniformly remaining 1/5-1/4 branches to not prune during pruning each time, thinning the other branches or performing slightly heavy cutting back, wherein the roughness at 3cm of the base of the remained branches is 0.5-0.8cm, the branches can be preferably annual branches which horizontally extend out or obviously sag, and the space arrangement is reasonable. Immediate fertilization and irrigation are avoided after pruning and can be performed after buds below the pruning wound grow to over 5cm, and 40-50% of amino acid needs to be sprayed in early of middle of July.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to pomology, fruit tree field of ecology, be specifically related to a kind of booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning side
Method.
Background technology:
Due to the driving of benefit, greenhouse peach is very fast in China's development nearly ten years, particularly develops especially at Anhui Province's Dangshan County
Rapidly, accounting for whole Fructus Persicae cultivated area 1/3, but relevant cultivation theory and technical research are the weakest, theoretical research is far away
Lag behind production.Produce the upper technology used at present and mainly continue to use existing outdoor cropping knowledge.One as peach tree cultivation
Specific form, the special microhabitat that greenhouse cultivation provides for peach tree, for effectively utilizing the space in booth, it is achieved premature labor is rich
Producing, orchard worker typically uses 330～460 plants/acre, and the high density of even 666 plants/acre is planted, but, under the conditions of greenhouse cultivation,
Growing space is restricted, and high temperature, high humidity, low-light, Greenhouse weakens solar radiation about 30%, is easily caused peach tree empty
Prosperous excessive growth, affects bud differentiation.Therefore, under greenhouse peach cultivation condition, peach tree pruning and control gesture, control hat are proposed spy
Different requirement.
Anhui Province's Dangshan County greenhouse peach cultivation history is relatively long, and the cultivation technique in the whole nation is leading, and orchard worker is from production practices
In also grope to sum up some preferable experiences, tree-like and pruning is constantly brought forth new ideas, also bigger to being made that on producing
Contribution.Applicant's probe summarizes the production experience that orchard worker is good, and finds the existing relevant report of only a few,
Like photosensitiveness for peach tree, and germination rate is high, become principal stresses strong, the characteristics such as the resting bud life-span is short, and resistance to pruning is strong, add at greenhouse peach
In the low light level, high temperature, many wet environments, trophophase detains canopy intensification prolongation-early spring in advance in addition, causes peach tree year increment big, mistake
Amount growth is particularly thorny with its limited space；Especially after fruit picking, peach tree is growth in about 4 months, the hat width of peach tree in booth
Increase, branch is many, leaf is aging, needs to control tree crown, update branch and leaf and ventilation and penetrating light, and therefore, pruning is booth peach tree high yield
Stable yields and the important technique measure of fruit high-quality.To this end, applicant started in 2012 to repair the cultivation shaping of booth trunk shape Fructus Persicae
The mode of cutting has carried out systematic study, it is intended to inquires into and sets up applicable greenhouse peach trunk shape pruning new model.Finally one is obtained
Plant booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method, make a breakthrough technically, be that Labor-saving, a prolongation peach tree contain fruit
The phase age of tree, the high quality fruit rate that improves, operation is simpler, and orchard worker is more easily accepted by, and is more easy to the technological innovation of large scale application.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is directed to the cultivating and growing demand of greenhouse peach, propose a kind of booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method: sequentially include the following steps: successively
(1) daily management
Flower and fruit management, integrated pest prevention and control, and the not mentioned cultivation skill arrived of all this paper of daily management such as booth button canopy time
Art measure all regards as same Routine Management
(2) front pruning is adopted
Fruit the last week, by hanging branch, drawing branch, priming leaf, sparse branching measure, increase thorax, middle and lower part illumination in peach tree, improve fruit
Surface color, improves fruit quality, increases high quality fruit rate
(3) film is taken off
Greenhouse peach is cultivated, and chooses different cultivars, the different button canopy times, takes different disposal measure, and peach fruit Time To Market is different；?
China, general booth peach tree fruit starts listing by the end of March, all gathered complete to mid-May；Peach fruit is progressively taken off after having adopted
Except canopy film, other all go well management
(4) prune after fruit picking
After membrane removal, one is to prune immediately, need to be after tree body reform of nature environment more right through the exercise of leaking informaton of a week
Former fruitful branch is updated；Two is that renewal pruning can not be too late, because of the bud on the different cultivars of peach tree, different growing way branch,
The time that Morphological Differentiation starts is different；General July, late June the earliest, starting at the beginning of 8 months of evening, the persistent period
To mid or late September；So annual pruning requires to be fully completed before June 20, it is ensured that pumping young sprout has nourishing and growing of abundance
Phase, being allowed to be formed healthy and strong full bud, tree body is plentiful, lays the foundation for next year high and stable yield
Make two bites at a cherry during pruning, first cut the first half or the left and right arbitrary half of every strain peach tree for the first time, wait and cut after pruning for the first time
When the young sprout re-emitted under Kou reaches more than 5cm, typically need 10d～15d, then carry out pruning for the second time, i.e. prune every strain peach tree
Lower half or left and right second half；Prune every time and uniformly retain the branch of 1/5～1/4 and do not cut, remaining branch is removed or on a small quantity
Weight cutting back；The branch remained, at its base portion 3cm, rugosity is at 0.5cm～0.8cm, and branch should be flattened or the most sagging
Annual shoot is preferred, and its space layout is reasonable
(5) after pruning
Can not apply fertilizer at once after pruning, water, treat that the bud under clip grows more than 5cm length and carries out applying fertilizer, watering again；Avoid increasing the weight of
The death of root system；July early and middle ten days add spray one time 40～the aminoacid of 50% times, Fructus Persicae sample young sprout can be suppressed to grow, make blade more
Dark green, promote bud differentiation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in:
In the range of the pruning method that the present invention uses can ensure that tree crown maintains certain volume, in solving booth, peach tree high density is planted
The control hat problem of training, ventilation and penetrating light, reduces pest and disease damage, also avoids moving on bottom baldness that peripheral closing cause and setting fruit position.
One strain peach tree is pruned at twice, can be prevented effectively from tree body aerial parts and cause under ground portion (root system) because disposable pruning is overweight
Weak, dead, more effectively alleviate the yellowing of blade；Additionally can make full use of luminous energy, promote to set and internal can accumulate foot
Enough carbohydrates, protein etc., prepared on material for bud differentiation and physiological condition, it is ensured that bud differentiation
Quality, it is thus possible to reach to set body purpose healthy and strong, high and stable yield year after year.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1
A kind of booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method of the present invention:
The flower and fruit management of the present embodiment, integrated pest prevention and control, and all this paper of daily management such as booth button canopy time is not mentioned
To cultivation technique measure all regard as same Routine Management.
Within 2014, at academy of agricultural sciences horticulture institute of Dangshan County Anhui Province Demonstration Base, select the gardenful chilli oil Peach cultivars of life in 7 years, May
Peach fruit was all gathered complete on 18th.After membrane removal, after the exercise of leaking informaton of a week, gardenful Rhizophora apiculata Blume body reform of nature environment, then to former
Fruitful branch is updated pruning.Carried out May 25 pruning for the first time, first cut the first half of every strain peach tree, wait after pruning for the first time
When the young sprout re-emitted under clip reaches more than 5cm, i.e. carried out second time again June 5 and prune, i.e. prune under every strain peach tree
Half portion.The branch every time pruning uniformly reservation 1/5～1/4 is not cut, and is removed by remaining branch or weighs cutting back on a small quantity；Remain
Branch, at its base portion 3cm, rugosity is at 0.5cm～0.8cm, and the annual shoot that branch should be flattened or the most sagging is preferred, and
Its space layout is reasonable.Control measures the most routinely, when young sprout semi-lignified, as long as to the competition near major branch elongated shoot
Branch, has the available strong prosperous branch of excessive growth in space, vertical branch and fruitful branch is few or major branch easily occurs the branch of excessive growth at day burning position to enter
Row turns round the tip, turns round taper position typically from base portion 4cm～5cm；Excessive growth spy may be possessed to give birth to more than the side of 60cm length in the megathermal period
The young sprout of property is in time by changing its direction of growth by the method for branch；And to the branch of excessive growth at inner canopy baldness position and growth potential
More weak Secondary Branch carries out pinching, reduces its nutrient consumption, promotes bud differentiation.July early and middle ten days add spray one time 40～50% times
Aminoacid, Fructus Persicae sample young sprout can be suppressed to grow, make blade more dark green, promote bud differentiation.
On the April of 2015 21 carried out adopting front pruning.I.e. by hanging branch, drawing branch, priming leaf, sparse branching measure to improve fruit product
Matter, increases high quality fruit rate.Started April 29 to pluck by peach fruit Maturity difference in batches, all gathered to peach fruit on May 12
Finish-2015 years and slightly shift to an earlier date compared with the phenological period in 2014.Carried out May 22 pruning for the first time, first cut the first half of every strain peach tree, wait the
When the young sprout re-emitted under clip after once pruning reaches more than 5cm, carried out second time again June 5 and prune, i.e. prune every strain
The lower half of peach tree.The branch every time pruning uniformly reservation 1/5～1/4 is not cut, and is removed by remaining branch or weighs cutting back on a small quantity；
The branch remained, at its base portion 3cm, rugosity is at 0.5 cm～0.8 cm, and branch should be flattened or the most sagging annual
Branch is preferred, and its space layout is reasonable.Control measures the most routinely, when young sprout semi-lignified, as long as extending major branch
Competitive branch near Zhi, has the available strong prosperous branch of excessive growth in space, vertical branch and fruitful branch is few or major branch easily occurs day burning portion
The branch of excessive growth of position carries out turning round the tip, turns round taper position typically from base portion 4cm～5cm；Can to give birth to more than the side of 60cm length in the megathermal period
Can possess the young sprout of excessive growth characteristic in time by changing its direction of growth by the method for branch；Excessive growth to inner canopy baldness position
Branch and the more weak Secondary Branch of growth potential carry out pinching, reduce its nutrient consumption, promote bud differentiation.July early and middle ten days add spray one
Secondary 40～the aminoacid of 50% times, Fructus Persicae sample young sprout can be suppressed to grow, make blade more dark green, promote bud differentiation.
Process canopy remarkable in economical benefits in 2015, increase by 20% than comparison canopy net profit.Comparison canopy peach fruit yield 2000/
667, high quality fruit rate reaches 45%, and tree vigo(u)r gradually closing, and lower blade starts flavescence and comes off, and thin and delicate branch is withered, according to locality fruit
Agriculture is said, they use original technology typically will update the change of crops left tree gesture decline in 12 years.One is used by continuous 2 years
Plant booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method.Please assess in booth by associated specialist, overall suggestion is as follows: process the whole garden of canopy
Phase high unity, neatly.Tree management is reasonable, branch stalwartness and space layout uniformity, does not finds that blade turns yellow and comes off,
The withered phenomenon of branch, tree vigo(u)r also begins to rejuvenation, and bud differentiation is full, and any can't see the sign of decline；Peach fruit yield reaches 2100
/ 667, high quality fruit rate reaches 70%.This technology is easy, and everybody can operate, and time and labour saving is laborsaving, extends the best fruiting period of peach tree
The age of tree, is greatly increased the economic benefit of orchard worker.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferably embodiment of the present invention, and in addition, the present invention can also have other to realize
Mode.It should be noted that on the premise of without departing from present inventive concept, any conspicuously improved and modification all should fall
Within entering protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a booth trunk shape peach tree summer pruning method, it is characterised in that: sequentially include the following steps: successively
(1) daily management:
Flower and fruit management, integrated pest prevention and control, and the not mentioned cultivation skill arrived of all this paper of daily management such as booth button canopy time
Art measure all regards as same Routine Management；
(2) front pruning is adopted:
Fruit the last week, by hanging branch, drawing branch, priming leaf, sparse branching measure, increase thorax, middle and lower part illumination in peach tree, improve fruit
Surface color, improves fruit quality, increases high quality fruit rate；
(3) film is taken off:
Greenhouse peach is cultivated, and chooses different cultivars, the different button canopy times, takes different disposal measure, and peach fruit Time To Market is different；?
China, general booth peach tree fruit starts listing by the end of March, all gathered complete to mid-May；Peach fruit is progressively taken off after having adopted
Except canopy film, other all go well management；
(4) prune after fruit picking:
After membrane removal, one is to prune immediately, need to be after tree body reform of nature environment more right through the exercise of leaking informaton of a week
Former fruitful branch is updated；Two is that renewal pruning can not be too late, because of the bud on the different cultivars of peach tree, different growing way branch,
The time that Morphological Differentiation starts is different；General July, late June the earliest, starting at the beginning of 8 months of evening, the persistent period
To mid or late September；So annual pruning requires to be fully completed before June 20, it is ensured that pumping young sprout has nourishing and growing of abundance
Phase, being allowed to be formed healthy and strong full bud, tree body is plentiful, lays the foundation for next year high and stable yield, makes two bites at a cherry during pruning, the
The most first cut the first half or the left and right arbitrary half of every strain peach tree, wait the young sprout re-emitted under clip after pruning for the first time to reach 5cm
Time above, typically need 10d～15d, then carry out second time and prune, i.e. prune the lower half of every strain peach tree or left and right second half；Often
Secondary pruning uniformly retains the branch of 1/5～1/4 and does not cuts, and is removed by remaining branch or weighs cutting back on a small quantity；The branch remained, its
At base portion 3cm, rugosity is at 0.5cm～0.8cm, and the annual shoot that branch should be flattened or the most sagging is preferred, and its space cloth
Office is rationally；
(5) after pruning:
Can not apply fertilizer at once after pruning, water, treat that the bud under clip grows more than 5cm length and carries out applying fertilizer, watering again；Avoid increasing the weight of
The death of root system；July early and middle ten days add spray one time 40～the aminoacid of 50% times, Fructus Persicae young sprout can be suppressed to grow, make blade more enriching
Green, promote bud differentiation.
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| CN201610271563.3A CN105875232A (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Summer pruning method for greenhouse main trunk model peach trees |
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| CN201610271563.3A CN105875232A (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Summer pruning method for greenhouse main trunk model peach trees |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112136588A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南省禹佑农业综合开发有限公司 | Method for planting high-yield high-quality early-stage juicy peaches suitable for Wuling mountain areas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112136588A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南省禹佑农业综合开发有限公司 | Method for planting high-yield high-quality early-stage juicy peaches suitable for Wuling mountain areas |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |