CN105875105A - Mountain area small excavator soil working oil-tea camellia plantation method - Google Patents
Mountain area small excavator soil working oil-tea camellia plantation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105875105A CN105875105A CN201410193517.7A CN201410193517A CN105875105A CN 105875105 A CN105875105 A CN 105875105A CN 201410193517 A CN201410193517 A CN 201410193517A CN 105875105 A CN105875105 A CN 105875105A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A mountain area small excavator soil working oil-tea camellia plantation method relates to a south mountain area oil-tea camellia plantation method using a small excavator to carry out soil working and digging, thus solving the disadvantages in artificial digging large pits and middle and large excavator soil working; the novel mountain area small excavator soil working oil-tea camellia plantation method is fast in oil-tea camellia growth speed, low in afforestation cost, reasonable in afforestation density, convenient in management, and small in water and soil loss; the method comprises the following steps: woodland selection, soil working and digging pits, building forest road, applying fertilizer, backfilling soil, seedling selection, planting, and tending management. The mountain area small excavator soil working oil-tea camellia plantation method is suitable for south mountain areas.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the whole ground implantation methods of a planting fruit-trees, the method particularly relating to the oil tea plantation of a kind of Southern Mountain Areas of China.
Background technology:
Set up oil tea garden preparations for afforestation the to be experienced stage, the tending management stage could be entered.Forest land of mountain area in the gradient 15 degree builds oil tea garden, in the past method of soil preparation had two kinds: economic condition almost or in order to save money, it is usually artificial big cave wholely, the density of plantation can guarantee that, but cave is relatively small, base manure sowing amount is few, simultaneously because without band, difficulty is big, cost is high, management is inconvenient to foster fertilising after planting；Economic condition is preferable, and general whole with large and medium-sized digging machine, line-spacing is big, and density is low, not only waste soil, and original vegetation deterioration is big, easily cause and cave in and soil erosion.Both method of soil preparation have bigger defect.
Summary of the invention:
The invention solves the problems that technical problem: by little digging machine whole dig cave, the big cave of above-mentioned excavated by manual work and the deficiency on the whole ground of big-and-middle-sized digging machine can be overcome, reach the advantages such as Growth of Camellia oleifera is fast, cost of forestation is low, the density of plantation is reasonable, be easy to management, soil erosion is lacked.
The little digging machine in mountain area of the present invention plants oil tea method wholely, including selecting forest land, whole digging cave, repair forest-road, apply fertilizer, return soil, select Seedling, plant tree, tending management, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of
One, forest land is selected: for ease of excavator operation and reduction cost of forestation, the mountain region gradient should be selected less than 25 degree, at most not can exceed that 30 degree, height above sea level less than 450 meters, soil thickness be not less than 70 centimetres, slope aspect be tailo or half tailo, soil be the forest land plantation oil tea of red soil or yellow earth, good, the fertile sandy loam of loose, deep, draining is best to the growth of oil tea；And perfecting program design；Forest land plantation oil tea, if the gradient is more than 30 degree, then between band, the discrepancy in elevation is big, and band back of the body narrow width, to retain vegetation few, and soil erosion is big, landslide is many；
Two, wholely cave, is dug:
1) front forest land cleaning wholely, i.e. all surgeries the arbor in forest land, shrub, cuts down root and stem of certain plants height below 20 centimetres；
2) employing strip tillage, and mountain top must be stayed about 30 meters wide forest lands to retain original vegetation and not be damaged；Because the forest land of mountain area gradient is relatively large, for conserving water and soil, preventing erosion, it is not suitable for the most wholely, as few in original vegetation, it is necessary to plant the tree of certain density；
3) concrete employing wheelspan 1.2 meters, caterpillar little digging machine strip tillage, start down to dig band from top, hillside, line-spacing 3 3.5 meters, spacing in the rows 2.2 2.5 meters, density every mu is between 100 76 strains, carry out line by line by horizontal line when digging band, zone face width is between 1.8 2 meters, a line band digs to dig by spacing in the rows requirement when returning afterwards plants plant hole, the specification in cave for long 60 centimetres, wide 60 centimetres, 50 centimetres, should control well when digging band and carry the distance between band, i.e. line-spacing, make line-spacing within claimed range；
Three, repair woods pavement: for ease of tending management with pluck fruit, repair a woods pavement, pavement width 80 100 centimetres from top to bottom along ridge line every 50 80 meters；
Four, applying fertilizer, return soil: after band has dug 12 months, can start basal dressing and go back to cave, when going back to cave, soil block is smashed, stone, tree root are picked up to the greatest extent；Return cave to cave deep 1/2 2/3 time apply fertilizer 3 kilograms, 1.5 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 1 kilogram of potash fertilizer, soil and fertilizer being stirred again, then return full soil, face, cave should exceed zone face 10 cm, cave of applying fertilizer back preferably completed before December, the most not can exceed that January；
Five, selecting Seedling: nursery stock should select biennial grafting plant, kind should select long woods series, Jiangxi oil series, Jiangxi without improved seeds such as series, should select one, two class Seedlings simultaneously, stops to wait outer Seedling, inferior Seedling, disease pest Seedling to go up a hill；
Six, tree is planted:
1) it is stained with root with yellow mud in front of the mountains on nursery stock；
2) holding planting hole successfully, deep 15 20 centimetres of cave, cave is put into planting hole nursery stock after holding successfully, and nursery stock is just put, makes shoot root unfold, it is to avoid nest root；First insert in cave with moistening and in small, broken bits table soil, when filling out about 2/3rds, nursery stock the most upwards one is carried, make shoot root unfold, then track tramping, then track tramping again when Hui Tuzhi exceeds face, cave 10 cm；Soil face should be equal with oil tea grafting mouth；Then loosen the soil face, cave upper cover one layer 23 centimetres；
3) nursery stock cannot planted completely the same day to do well to heel in, and starts to patrol Seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after field planting completes 15 days, and to being short of seedling, weak Seedling, sick Seedling, inferior mu should fill in time；Patrol Seedling to fill the gaps with seedlings 2-3 time to be arranged, to guarantee that survival rate reaches more than 85%；
4) completing field planting and patrol and carry out mulching straw after Seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings and shelter from heat or light, a cave puts 1 jin, and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, on face, cave, can not be in close contact during covering by Caulis et Folium Oryzae uniform fold with nursery stock, should be from trunk 3-5 cm, it is to avoid burn seedlings when crossing volt；
Seven, tending management: weed with a hoe in time after planting, ditch cleaning draining, the rational application of fertilizer and pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(1) First Year is fostered
1), foster spring and summer: plant should do once the 4-5 month then bar shovel training the root and stem of certain plants foster, the plants such as the weeds in 1.2 meters of square scopes, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan, ferrum awn winnow basket are rooted out totally centered by tree crown by every strain treelet, to exposed should the earthing up to exceeding grafting mouth 2-3cm of root system, to the deep soil around trunk should being pushed aside to exceeding grafting mouth 2-3cm of planting；
2), foster autumn and winter: plant and do once bar shovel the 8-12 month then, prune and apply fertilizer；
(1) bar shovel: fostering the time is the 8-9 month, roots out totally to plants such as the weeds in band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattans, and digs up weeds and the little miscellaneous filling root and stem of certain plants, and weeding degree of depth 2-10 centimetre is shallow in tree crown, deep outside tree crown, root can not be hindered during weeding and hinder Seedling；
(2) prune: wipe out foot branch (overhead less than 15 centimetres), sick branch, next to that to the height of tree more than 40 centimetres without obvious branch at the height of tree 35 40 centimeters truncation, alabastrum should be extractd during pruning, nutrient is promoted to concentrate for taking out a vigorous branches, expand tree crown, the pruning time be mid or late November to Second Year by the end of February；
(3) fertilising: the right and left in tree respectively digs long 30 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres, the dressing furrow of deep 25 centimetres from tree 20-23 centimeters, and every ditch applies fertilizer 1.5 jin, and fertilizer and soil return full soil after mixing uniformly again；
3), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing: the oil tea prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to promote treelet robust growth, to strengthen resistivity, it is auxiliary with medical treatment, medical treatment number of times is generally twice, carry out respectively at 5 June and 8 JIUYUE, if pest and disease damage is more serious, number of times should be increased, in order to promote that the growth of treelet should spray foliage fertilizer, being cost-effective, foliage dressing can be carried out with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously simultaneously；
(2) Second Year is fostered
1), foster spring and summer: fostering the time is the 3-5 month, Tending: zone face is that bar shovel topdresses, and the band back of the body is miscellaneous for cutting；
(1) after-culture: nursery stock after-culture work must be carried out February, it is ensured that after planting, Second Year oil tea storage rate reaches more than 95%；
(2) bar shovel fertilising: the plants such as the weeds in band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan are rooted out totally, digs up weeds and the little miscellaneous filling root and stem of certain plants, weeding degree of depth 2-10 centimetre, accomplish not hinder root, do not hinder skin, do not hinder branch outside shallow in tree crown, tree crown deeply.Inside band, dig one long 25 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres, the dressing furrow of deep 8 10 centimetres, every strain or every ditch spread carbamide 100g from the tree place of 20-25 centimetre, after fertilizer is executed uniformly, then return full soil, the time be early March to early April, preferably the most before complete；
(3) cut miscellaneous: the weeds carried on the back by band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, the plant such as rattan are all surgeried, and the time is that mid or late April is to May；
2), autumn and winter fosters: Second Year is fostered with chemistry control grass, applies fertilizer, is trimmed to main autumn and winter, and the time is the 7-12 month, and fertilization type is 1 year organic fertilizer, 1 year sealing fertilizer, and rotation in 2 years is once；
(1) chemistry control grass: Second Year starts to carry out once chemistry control grass every year, i.e. to whole herbicide sprayings of plant such as the weeds in forest land, miscellaneous filling, rattan, ferrum Dicranopteris dichotoma, and must spray comprehensively put in place, it is covered with medicinal liquid not drip be preferred to blade face, blade face rainwater or dew spray the most again, otherwise affect drug effect, time avoid medicine to spray application on tea oil tree simultaneously, spraying the medicine time is the 7-8 month；
(2) fertilising: fertilization time is that 11 the middle ten days are to Second Year early Febuary, fertilizer type is compound fertilizer, dose is 200g, and technology requires, for digging a long 25cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 15cm from tree about 25cm inside band, then to refertilize, mix fertilizer, return soil；
(3) trimming and finishing: alabastrum should be extractd while trimming and finishing, pruning with prune overhead 20 25cm based on leftover bits and pieces branch and the branch of excessive growth, the height of tree controls within 1.0m, 30 40 centimeters that clip position is branch length of the branch of excessive growth, clip position is 23 centimetres from the distance of bud, and the direction of bud is branch developing direction, next to that prune parallel branch, overstocked branch, descending branch, sick branch, withered branch, whole branch is pruned, the part stayed is the shortest, within best 3 millimeters, the pruning time be mid-November to Second Year by the end of February；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well: number of times is generally 3 times, carry out respectively at the first tenday period of a month May mid or late April, 7 months June and 9 October, other require same First Year；
Within (three) the 3rd years, foster
1), fostering spring and summer, fostering the time is the 3-7 month, and predominantly bar shovels fertilising, after-culture, cuts miscellaneous and chemical control grass；
(1) bar shovel fertilising: carbamide 200g is executed in every strain, technology requires to foster essentially identical spring with Second Year, the main distinction: outside dressing furrow and tree distance are for tree crown neat edge drip, a length of 30 centimetres of dressing furrow；
(2) after-culture: the 3rd year is after-culture one's last year, and after after-culture, in forest land, oil tea survival rate reaches more than 98%；
(3) cut miscellaneous: the perennial broadleaf tree of chemistry Weed control effect difference, shrub, bamboo class etc. are surgeried totally, cut miscellaneous time ibid 1 year；
(4) chemistry control grass: the time was 6 July, and technology requires ibid a year；
2), foster autumn and winter.Fostering the time 3rd year autumn and winter is November to Second Year February, with fertilising, be trimmed to main；
(1) fertilising: digging long 35cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 30cm on the outer left and right both sides of crown mapping, every strain applies fertilizer 2kg, calcium and magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg, potassium sulfate 0.5kg；I.e. every ditch applies fertilizer 1 kg, executes because calcium and magnesium p and s acid potassium can not mix, so a ditch spread calcium and magnesium phosphorus, another ditch spread potassium sulfate；Fertilizer is fully mixed thoroughly with soil, returns full soil the most again, should smear flower bud except flower during fertilising, and fertilization time is identical with Second Year；
(2) pruning: comprehensively prune, the height of tree controls within 1.5 meters, first prunes overhead 35cm and, with leftover bits and pieces branch with except sprouting, then wipes out parallel branch, sick branch, withered branch, intersects branch, overlapping branch, descending branch and emphasis branch, avoid affecting interior thorax ventilation and penetrating light and yielding positive results, then the branch of excessive growth that growing way is the most prosperous being carried out cutting back, horizontal branch is more weak, for make its turn weak be strong, bud is stayed during cutting back, young sprout is made to come back, pruning time same Second Year, flower bud should be smeared except flower during pruning；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well, technology requires same Second Year；
Within (four) the 4th years, foster
1), foster spring and summer: fostering the time is the 3-7 month, and main Tending is fertilising, manually cuts miscellaneous and chemical control grass；
(1) fertilising: time same Second Year, fertilizing method is that tree crown neat edge drip outer rim digs a long 25cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 10cm inside band, and every ditch applies 250 grams of carbamide, after fertilizer and soil are mixed uniformly, then returns full soil；
(2) cut miscellaneous: the time is the 4-5 month, the not dead miscellaneous filling of chemistry control upper one year grass, bamboo class, fragrant plant thatch etc. affects the plant of Growth of Camellia oleifera and does and once cut miscellaneous fostering；
(3) chemistry control grass: time and technology require ibid a year；
2), autumn and winter foster, with fertilising be trimmed to main, reach 160 centimetres to the 4th year height of tree, hat width diameter reaches the oil tea of 80 centimetres and can arrange to bear fruit；
(1) fertilising: time and technology require that except for the difference that dose is every strain sealing fertilizer 300g with Second Year fertilising autumn and winter；
(2) pruning: should comprehensively prune, the height of tree controls within 1.8 2.0 meters, first prune overhead 45cm with leftover bits and pieces branch with except sprouting, dredge empty interior thorax branch again, then sick branch, withered branch, the branch that fractures, descending branch, intersection branch and parallel branch are wiped out, then the branch of excessive growth that growing way is the most prosperous is carried out cutting back, horizontal branch is more weak, for make its turn weak be strong, to stay bud during cutting back, make young sprout come back, whole branch is pruned, the part stayed is the shortest, within best 3 millimeters, and pruning time same Second Year；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well, technology requires same Second Year.
The inventive method have the beneficial effects that can promote Growth of Camellia oleifera, reduce cost of forestation, guarantee the density of plantation rationally, be easy to tending management and reduce the positive effects such as soil erosion.Artificial big cave, little digging machine and big-and-middle-sized digging machine preparations for afforestation, in the unit Tian Cunyi block forest land, Rayleigh town that forest land condition and forest growing way are essentially identical, are respectively selected 100 strain oil teas and are done contrast test in the case of same tending management by our company.Result of the test: the oil tea height of tree on the whole ground of little digging machine, footpath, hat width be 1.21 times, 1.25 times, 1.23 times of whole ground, artificial big cave respectively.The oil tea height of tree on the whole ground of big-and-middle-sized digging machine, compared with footpath, hat width ground whole with little digging machine difference the most small, but big-and-middle-sized digging machine whole ground soil erosion is big, the density of plantation is low, and per mu yield is naturally the lowest.The inventive method is applicable to Southern Mountain Areas of China application.
Subordinate list explanation.
Little digging machine preparations for afforestation and other mode preparations for afforestation density, growing state, investment synopsis
Unit: rice, mu, strain
Detailed description of the invention
The little digging machine in mountain area of the present invention plants oil tea method wholely, and green field pavilion, Ruijin City forestry Co., Ltd is in 2010 at unit Tian Cun and Ding Po village Jian Yuan, and forest growing way is excellent.
: a 2010 year first Tian Jianyuan of embodiment, plantation in 2011, area 1300 mu, seeding row spacing 2.2*3.5M, every mu of 87 strains.Oil tea mean stand height 160 centimetres, 3.5 centimetres of footpath fifty-fifty, average canopy 88 centimetres, can bear fruit in 2015 comprehensively now.
Embodiment two: 2010 Nian Dingpojian garden, plantation in 2011, area 750 mu, seeding row spacing 2.2*3.5M, every mu of 87 strains.Oil tea mean stand height 153 centimetres, 3.2 centimetres of footpath fifty-fifty, average canopy 82 centimetres, can bear fruit in 2015 comprehensively now.
Claims (3)
1.A kind ofThe little digging machine in mountain area plants oil tea method wholely, including selecting forest land, whole digging cave, repair forest-road, apply fertilizer, return soil, select Seedling, plant tree, tending management, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of
One, select forest land: for ease of excavator operation with reduce cost of forestation, select the mountain region gradient less than 30 degree, height above sea level less than 450 meters, soil thickness be not less than 70 centimetres, slope aspect be tailo or half tailo, soil be that oil tea is planted in the forest land of red soil or yellow earth；And perfecting program design；
Two, wholely cave, is dug:
1) front forest land cleaning wholely, i.e. all surgeries the arbor in forest land, shrub, cuts down root and stem of certain plants height below 20 centimetres；
2) employing strip tillage, and mountain top is stayed about 30 meters wide forest lands to retain original vegetation and is not damaged；
3) concrete employing wheelspan 1.2 meters, caterpillar little digging machine strip tillage, start down to dig band from top, hillside, line-spacing 3 3.5 meters, spacing in the rows 2.2 2.5 meters, density every mu is between 100 76 strains, carry out line by line by horizontal line when digging band, zone face width is between 1.8 2 meters, a line band digs to dig by spacing in the rows requirement when returning afterwards plants plant hole, the specification in cave for long 60 centimetres, wide 60 centimetres, 50 centimetres, control well when digging band and carry the distance between band, i.e. line-spacing, make line-spacing within claimed range；
Three, woods pavement is repaiied: repair a woods pavement, pavement width 80 100 centimetres from top to bottom along ridge line every 50 80 meters；
Four, applying fertilizer, return soil: after band has dug 12 months, can start basal dressing and go back to cave, when going back to cave, soil block is smashed, stone, tree root are picked up to the greatest extent；Return cave to cave deep 1/2 2/3 time apply fertilizer 3 kilograms, 1.5 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 1 kilogram of potash fertilizer, then soil and fertilizer are stirred, then return full soil, face, cave exceeds zone face 10 cm, and cave of applying fertilizer back completed before December, the most not can exceed that January；
Five, select Seedling: the biennial grafting plant of selection of seedling, select one, two class Seedlings, stop to wait outer Seedling, inferior Seedling, disease pest Seedling to go up a hill；
Six, tree is planted:
1) it is stained with root with yellow mud in front of the mountains on nursery stock；
2) planting hole is opened, deep 15 20 centimetres of cave, nursery stock is put into planting hole, just puts, make shoot root unfold, it is to avoid nest root；First insert in cave with moistening and in small, broken bits table soil, when filling out about 2/3rds, nursery stock the most upwards one is carried, make shoot root unfold, then track tramping, then track tramping again when Hui Tuzhi exceeds face, cave 10 cm；Soil face is equal with oil tea grafting mouth；Then loosen the soil face, cave upper cover one layer 23 centimetres；
3) nursery stock cannot planted completely the same day is carried out and heels in, and starts to patrol Seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after field planting completes 15 days, and to being short of seedling, weak Seedling, sick Seedling, inferior mu fills in time；Patrol Seedling to fill the gaps with seedlings 2-3 time to be arranged, to guarantee that survival rate reaches more than 85%；
4) completing field planting and patrol and carry out rice straw mulching after Seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings and shelter from heat or light, a cave puts 1 jin, and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, on face, cave, can not be in close contact, from trunk 3-5 cm during covering, it is to avoid burn seedlings when crossing volt by Caulis et Folium Oryzae uniform fold with nursery stock；
Seven, tending management: weed with a hoe in time after planting, ditch cleaning draining, the rational application of fertilizer and pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(1) First Year is fostered
1), foster spring and summer: plant do once the 4-5 month then bar shovel training the root and stem of certain plants foster, the plants such as the weeds in 1.2 meters of square scopes, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan, ferrum awn winnow basket are rooted out totally centered by tree crown by every strain treelet, to the exposed ridging of root system to exceeding grafting mouth 2-3cm, to the deep soil around trunk being pushed aside to exceeding grafting mouth 2-3cm of planting；
2), foster autumn and winter: plant and do once bar shovel the 8-12 month then, prune and apply fertilizer；
(1) bar shovel: fostering the time is the 8-9 month, roots out the weeds in band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan plant totally, and digs up weeds and the little miscellaneous filling root and stem of certain plants, and weeding degree of depth 2-10 centimetre is shallow in tree crown, deep outside tree crown, root can not be hindered during weeding and hinder Seedling；
(2) prune: wipe out overhead 15 centimetres with leftover bits and pieces branch, sick branch, next to that to the height of tree more than 40 centimetres without obvious branch at the height of tree 35 40 centimeters truncation, during pruning extract alabastrum, promote nutrient concentrate for take out send out a vigorous branches, expanding tree crown, the pruning time is that mid or late November is to by the end of December；
(3) fertilising: the right and left in tree respectively digs long 30 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres, the dressing furrow of deep 25 centimetres from tree 20-23 centimeters, and every ditch applies fertilizer 1.5 jin, and fertilizer and soil return full soil after mixing uniformly again；
3), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing: the oil tea prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to promote treelet robust growth, to strengthen resistivity, it is auxiliary with medical treatment, medical treatment number of times is generally twice, carry out respectively at 5 June and 8 JIUYUE, if pest and disease damage is more serious, number of times should be increased, in order to promote that the growth of treelet sprays foliage fertilizer, being cost-effective, foliage dressing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out simultaneously simultaneously；
(2) Second Year is fostered
1), foster spring and summer: fostering the time is the 3-5 month, Tending: zone face is that bar shovel topdresses, and the band back of the body is miscellaneous for cutting；
(1) after-culture: nursery stock after-culture work must be carried out February, it is ensured that after planting, Second Year oil tea storage rate reaches more than 95%；
(2) bar shovel fertilising: the weeds in band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan plant are rooted out totally, dig up weeds and the little miscellaneous filling root and stem of certain plants, weeding degree of depth 2-10 centimetre, in tree crown deep outside shallow, tree crown, accomplish not hinder root, do not hinder skin, do not hinder branch, inside band, one long 25 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres, the dressing furrow of deep 8 10 centimetres are dug in the place of 20-25 centimetre from tree, every strain or every ditch spread carbamide 100g, after fertilizer is executed uniformly, return full soil again, time be early March to early April, preferably the most before complete；
(3) cut miscellaneous: the weeds carried on the back by band, miscellaneous filling, bamboo class, rattan plant are all surgeried, and the time is that mid or late April is to May；
2), autumn and winter fosters: Second Year is fostered with chemistry control grass, applies fertilizer, is trimmed to main autumn and winter, and the time is the 7-12 month, and fertilization type is 1 year organic fertilizer, 1 year sealing fertilizer, and rotation in 2 years is once；
(1) chemistry control grass: Second Year starts to carry out once chemistry control grass every year, i.e. to the weeds in forest land, miscellaneous filling, rattan, the whole herbicide spraying of ferrum Dicranopteris dichotoma plant, and must spray comprehensively put in place, it is covered with medicinal liquid not drip be preferred to blade face, blade face rainwater or dew spray the most again, otherwise affect drug effect, time avoid medicine to spray application on tea oil tree simultaneously, spraying the medicine time is the 7-8 month；
(2) fertilising: fertilization time is that 11 the middle ten days are to Second Year early Febuary, fertilizer type is compound fertilizer, dose is 200g, and technology requires, for digging a long 25cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 15cm from tree about 25cm inside band, then to refertilize, mix fertilizer, return soil；
(3) trimming and finishing: extract alabastrum while trimming and finishing, pruning with prune overhead 20 25cm based on leftover bits and pieces branch and the branch of excessive growth, the height of tree controls within 1.0m, 30 40 centimeters that clip position is branch length of the branch of excessive growth, clip position is 23 centimetres from the distance of bud, and the direction of bud is branch developing direction, next to that prune parallel branch, overstocked branch, descending branch, sick branch, withered branch, whole branch is pruned, the part stayed is the shortest, within 3 millimeters, the pruning time be mid-November to Second Year by the end of February；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well: number of times is generally 3 times, carry out respectively at the first tenday period of a month May mid or late April, 7 months June and 9 October, other require same First Year；
Within (three) the 3rd years, foster
1), fostering spring and summer, fostering the time is the 3-7 month, and predominantly bar shovels fertilising, after-culture, cuts miscellaneous and chemical control grass；
(1) bar shovel fertilising: carbamide 200g is executed in every strain, technology requires to foster essentially identical spring with Second Year, the main distinction: outside dressing furrow and tree distance are for tree crown neat edge drip, a length of 30 centimetres of dressing furrow；
(2) after-culture: the 3rd year is after-culture one's last year, and after after-culture, in forest land, oil tea survival rate reaches more than 98%；
(3) cut miscellaneous: perennial broadleaf tree, shrub, the bamboo class of chemistry Weed control effect difference is surgeried totally, cuts miscellaneous time ibid 1 year；
(4) chemistry control grass: the time was 6 July, and technology requires ibid a year；
2), autumn and winter fosters: fostering the time the 3rd year autumn and winter is November to Second Year February, with fertilising, be trimmed to main；
(1) fertilising: digging long 35cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 30cm on the outer left and right both sides of crown mapping, every strain applies fertilizer 2kg, calcium and magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg, potassium sulfate 0.5kg；I.e. every ditch applies fertilizer 1 kg, executes because calcium and magnesium p and s acid potassium can not mix, so a ditch spread calcium and magnesium phosphorus, another ditch spread potassium sulfate；Fertilizer is fully mixed thoroughly with soil, returns full soil the most again, smears flower bud except flower during fertilising, and fertilization time is identical with Second Year；
(2) pruning: comprehensively prune, the height of tree controls within 1.5 meters, first prunes overhead 35cm and, with leftover bits and pieces branch with except sprouting, then wipes out parallel branch, sick branch, withered branch, intersects branch, overlapping branch, descending branch and emphasis branch, avoid affecting interior thorax ventilation and penetrating light and yielding positive results, then the branch of excessive growth that growing way is the most prosperous being carried out cutting back, horizontal branch is more weak, for make its turn weak be strong, bud is stayed during cutting back, young sprout is made to come back, pruning time same Second Year, smear flower bud except flower during pruning；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well, technology requires same Second Year；
Within (four) the 4th years, foster
1), foster spring and summer: fostering the time is the 3-7 month, and main Tending is fertilising, manually cuts miscellaneous and chemical control grass；
(1) fertilising: time same Second Year, fertilizing method is that tree crown neat edge drip outer rim digs a long 25cm, wide 20cm, the dressing furrow of deep 10cm inside band, and every ditch applies 250 grams of carbamide, after fertilizer and soil are mixed uniformly, then returns full soil；
(2) cut miscellaneous: the time is the 4-5 month, the not dead miscellaneous filling of chemistry control upper one year grass, bamboo class, fragrant plant thatch etc. affects the plant of Growth of Camellia oleifera and does and once cut miscellaneous fostering；
(3) chemistry control grass: time and technology require ibid a year；
2), autumn and winter foster, with fertilising be trimmed to main, reach 160 centimetres to the 4th year height of tree, hat width diameter reaches the oil tea of 80 centimetres and can arrange to bear fruit；
(1) fertilising: time and technology require that except for the difference that dose is every strain sealing fertilizer 300g with Second Year fertilising autumn and winter；
(2) pruning: comprehensively prune, the height of tree controls within 1.8 2.0 meters, first prune overhead 45cm with leftover bits and pieces branch with except sprouting, dredge empty interior thorax branch again, then wiping out sick branch, withered branch, the branch that fractures, descending branch, intersection branch and parallel branch, then the branch of excessive growth that growing way is the most prosperous is carried out cutting back, horizontal branch is more weak, for make its turn weak be strong, to stay bud during cutting back, make young sprout come back, whole branch is pruned, the part stayed is the shortest, within 3 millimeters；Pruning time same Second Year；
3), doing the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and foliage dressing well, technology requires same Second Year.
The most according to claim 1, the little digging machine in mountain area plants oil tea method wholely, it is characterised in that: mountain top stays about the 30 meters original vegetation in wide forest land few, it is necessary to plant the tree of certain density.
The most according to claim 1, the little digging machine in mountain area plants oil tea method wholely, it is characterised in that: seedling Fruit variety long woods series or Jiangxi oil series or Jiangxi are without series improved seeds.
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