CN105830983A - Mixed breeding method for genetic improved farmed tilapia and litopenaeus vannamei - Google Patents
Mixed breeding method for genetic improved farmed tilapia and litopenaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830983A CN105830983A CN201610272267.5A CN201610272267A CN105830983A CN 105830983 A CN105830983 A CN 105830983A CN 201610272267 A CN201610272267 A CN 201610272267A CN 105830983 A CN105830983 A CN 105830983A
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- litopenaeus vannamei
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a mixed breeding method for genetic improved farmed tilapia and litopenaeus vannamei. The method comprises the steps of pond pretreatment, tilapia fry putting, litopenaeus vannamei fry putting, multiple stocking and multiple fishing of the litopenaeus vannamei and fishing of the genetic improved farmed tilapia. According to the method, a traditional breeding method of firstly putting the litopenaeus vannamei and then putting the genetic improved farmed tilapia is changed, tilapia putting is conducted, and then litopenaeus vannamei putting is conducted; a large quantity of algae and bait exist in water before the litopenaeus vannamei is put, the survival rate of the put litopenaeus vannamei is higher, multiple stocking and multiple fishing are conducted on the litopenaeus vannamei, the number of the litopenaeus vannamei and the number of the genetic improved farmed tilapia in unit area of a pond are guaranteed, and the use ratio of the unit area of the pond is increased to the maximum extent; by means of the method, the yield of the genetic improved farmed tilapia can reach 3,200 kg, the yield of the litopenaeus vannamei is three times that of a traditional mixed breeding method and can reach 120 kg/mu to 180 kg/mu, and meanwhile the effect of reducing the feed dosage is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, specifically a kind of gift tilapia and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low
Mixed cultivation method.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica (Tilapia) is the 3rd in trade, be the main cultured fishes of China it
One, current production rate has reached more than about 1,400,000 tons, accounts for about the 34% of world's total amount, it has also become China is maximum
The water outlet product variety of ancestor.Hainan Province is one of domestic Tilapia mossambica cultivation area the earliest, through for many years
Development, it has also become the main freshwater aquiculture in Hainan kind.From starting Hainan Tilapia mossambica industry 19th century with international city
For guide, to be processed as tap, define have considerable scale from seeling industry, feed industry produce,
Fishing estovers supply, marketable fish cultivate, fish for sieve of the one continuous line such as transport, Product processing sale, technological service
Non-fish industrial chain, Hainan Province's Tilapia mossambica industry has stepped into the track of rapid and healthy.It is known that Rofe
Fishing gear has the advantages such as strong stress resistance, feeding habits are miscellaneous, growth is fast, yield is high, meat is good, market is wide, profitable,
It is suitable for high density, large-scale cultivation, is one of universally acknowledged cultivation improved seeds.But, sieve in recent years
Non-fish culture is perplexed by streptococcosis, makes cultivation density and yield be greatly lowered, the most manually, raises
The expenses such as material improve constantly, and aquaculture cost is being gradually increased, and cultivation profit is constantly declining, serious infringement and
Hit interests and the enthusiasm of numerous raisers, affect whole Tilapia mossambica industry sustainable health development.
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low (Litopenaeus vannamei) is the prawn kind that China mainly cultivates, its yield
For the first in the world, it also it is one of the main aquatic products kind of China's export.China's Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation is basic
For pond culture mode, but cultivation Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low disease is multiple at present, and cultivation risk is big, becomes shrimp less,
Quality is relatively low.
The patent application of Application No. 200910041547.5, discloses a kind of Tilapia mossambica and mixes with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low
The ecological cultivation method supported, the method is just with first throwing in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low then input Tilapia mossambica, Tilapia mossambica
Injected volume is only 2800-3000 tail/mu, the problem that the method existence yields poorly, cost is high, benefit is low；Shen
Please number be the patent application of 201410310416.3, disclose a kind of gift tilapia and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low high yield
Efficient cultural method, in the method, same employing is first thrown in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low and is then thrown in Tilapia mossambica, all
The injected volume of shore prawn received is 10000-15000 tail/mu, and Tilapia mossambica injected volume is 3500-6500 tail/mu,
Although the method injected volume increases, but shrimp shoot survival percent is low, feed cost is high, the problem that yields poorly；
Additionally, disclosed above two kinds of methods must carry out rich water process before carrying out shrimp seedling input.
According to Tilapia mossambica and the different life water layer of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low and eating habit, by Tilapia mossambica with all
The shore prawn that receives is reasonably combined, makes full use of pond culture space and pond bait cycling and reutilization, is formed with sieve
Non-fish be main, Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low be auxiliary Polyculture, pool resources can be made full use of, reduce and cultivate into
This, reduce shrimp disease risk, improve culture benefit, for promoting that China Tilapia mossambica and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low are supported
Grow industry sustainable development significant.
Summary of the invention
The problem that it is an object of the invention to exist for above-mentioned technology, it is provided that a kind of gift tilapia and Fan Na
The mixed cultivation method of shore prawn.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of gift tilapia and vannamei boone
The mixed cultivation method of prawn, including following steps in sequence:
(1) pond pre-treatment: the pond disinfection selecting the depth of water to be 1.5～2.0 meters, and adjust
Water saving matter makes its pH be 7.5～8.0；
(2) fry is thrown in: annual when water temperature rises to more than 20 DEG C, by every mu 3500～6500 tails
Throw in the gift tilapia seedling of body a length of 4～5cm, then press 3%～5% throwing of gift tilapia seedling body weight
Feed perfect compound feed；
(3) shrimp seedling is thrown in: when gift tilapia seedling cultivates 15～20 days, throws by every mu 1.5～20,000
Put through mark slightly to the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling of more than 3cm；
(4) multiple stocking and multiple fishing of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low: when, after Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei 60～70 days, utilizing ground
Shrimp fished for by cage, catches and stays greatly little, is then supplemented with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling so that it is density maintains 1.5～2
Ten thousand/mu；
(5) gift tilapia is fished for: when gift tilapia grows to 140～160 days, fish for Ji Fu
Tilapia mossambica.
Further, in step (1), described sterilization uses 100～150 kgs/acre of quick limes to carry out
Dry disinfection.
Further, in step (1), described pond is at the bottom of former spreading or pool dike spreading mud
Pond.
Further, in step (2), described perfect compound feed number of times of throwing something and feeding is 2～3 times, every time
It is spaced 8～12 hours.
Further, also including artificial oxygenation step, described artificial oxygenation step is for utilizing mechanical enhancement to make
More than Dissolved Oxygen in Water 7mg/L in its pond.
The method have the benefit that: the present invention changes and first throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low in tradition and throw in Ji again
The method for breeding of rich Tilapia mossambica, first throws in Tilapia mossambica and throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low again, and this kind of method is being thrown
There is substantial amounts of algae and bait before putting Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low in water, the survival rate of the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low of input is more
Height, and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low is adopted as multiple stocking and multiple fishing, it is ensured that the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low of pond unit are and
Gift tilapia quantity, maximally utilises the utilization rate in unit are pond；Use the inventive method,
Gift tilapia yield can reach 3200kg, and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low yield is the 3 of tradition polyculture method yield
Times, Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low yield can reach 120～180kg/ mus, the most also has the effect reducing feed consumption
Really.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole realities
Execute example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before making creative work
Put the every other embodiment obtained, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, including following steps in sequence:
(1) pond pre-treatment: pond at the bottom of the former spreading selecting the depth of water to be 1.5 meters or pool dike spreading mud,
Use dry disinfection to process by the quick limes of 100 kgs/acre, and regulating water quality makes its pH be 7.5；
(2) fry is thrown in: annual when water temperature rises to 23 DEG C, throws in a length of 5cm of body by every mu of 3500 tails
Gift tilapia seedling, then throw something and feed perfect compound feed by the 3% of gift tilapia seedling body weight, full price coordinates
Feedstuff feeding number of times is 2 times, every minor tick 12 hours；
(3) shrimp seedling is thrown in: when gift tilapia seedling cultivates 15 days, throws in through mark thick by every mu 1.5 ten thousand
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling to more than 3cm；
(4) multiple stocking and multiple fishing of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low: when after Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei 60 days, utilize cage to fish for
Shrimp, catches and stays greatly little (80 tails/kilogram), be then supplemented with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling so that it is density maintains 1.5
Ten thousand/mu；
(5) gift tilapia is fished for: when gift tilapia grows to 140 days, fish for gift tilapia.
In the present invention, in order to ensure the oxygen content in water quality, in utilizing mechanical enhancement to make its pond, water body dissolves
More than oxygen 7mg/L, utilized quick lime to carry out disinfection once to pond every 20 days, other feedings and managements simultaneously
With conventional.
Embodiment 2
A kind of gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, including following steps in sequence:
(1) pond pre-treatment: pond at the bottom of the former spreading selecting the depth of water to be 1.7 meters or pool dike spreading mud,
Use dry disinfection to process by the quick lime of 120 kg/mu, and regulating water quality makes its pH be 7.8；
(2) fry is thrown in: annual when water temperature rises to 21 DEG C, throws in a length of 4.5cm of body by every mu of 5000 tails
Gift tilapia seedling, then throw something and feed perfect compound feed by the 4% of gift tilapia seedling body weight, full price coordinates
Feedstuff feeding number of times is 3 times, every minor tick 8 hours；
(3) shrimp seedling is thrown in: when gift tilapia seedling cultivates 17 days, throws in through mark thick by every mu 1.8 ten thousand
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling to more than 3cm；
(4) multiple stocking and multiple fishing of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low: when after Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei 65 days, utilize cage to fish for
Shrimp, catches and stays greatly little (70 tails/kilogram), be then supplemented with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling so that it is density maintains 1.8
Ten thousand/mu；
(5) gift tilapia is fished for: when gift tilapia grows to 150 days, fish for gift tilapia.
In the present invention, in order to ensure the oxygen content in water quality, in utilizing mechanical enhancement to make its pond, water body dissolves
More than oxygen 7mg/L, utilized quick lime to carry out disinfection once to pond every 25 days, other feedings and managements simultaneously
With conventional.
Embodiment 3
A kind of gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, including following steps in sequence:
(1) pond pre-treatment: pond at the bottom of the former spreading selecting the depth of water to be 2.0 meters or pool dike spreading mud,
Use dry disinfection to process by the quick limes of 150 kgs/acre, and regulating water quality makes its pH be 8；
(2) fry is thrown in: annual when water temperature rises to 22 DEG C, throws in a length of 4cm of body by every mu of 6500 tails
Gift tilapia seedling, then throw something and feed perfect compound feed by the 5% of gift tilapia seedling body weight, full price coordinates
Feedstuff feeding number of times is 2 times, every minor tick 12 hours.
(3) shrimp seedling is thrown in: when gift tilapia seedling cultivates 20 days, throws in through mark thick extremely by every mu 20,000
The Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling of more than 3cm；
(4) multiple stocking and multiple fishing of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low: when after Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei 70 days, utilize cage to fish for
Shrimp, catches and stays greatly little (60 tails/kilogram), be then supplemented with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling so that it is and density maintains 20,000/
Mu；
(5) gift tilapia is fished for: when gift tilapia grows to 160 days, fish for gift tilapia.
In the present invention, in order to ensure the oxygen content in water quality, in utilizing mechanical enhancement to make its pond, water body dissolves
More than oxygen 7mg/L, utilized quick lime to carry out disinfection once to pond every 18 days, other feedings and managements simultaneously
With conventional.
Contrast groups
Select the pond of water area identical with above-described embodiment, use and first throw in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, throw in Ji afterwards
The feeding manner of rich Tilapia mossambica, other rearing conditions are conventional, calculate yield, result after cultivating the identical time
It is shown in Table 1.
Breeding way of the present invention and tradition cultural method yield comparison
| Tilapia mossambica survival rate | Tilapia mossambica yield | Prawn yield | Feed cost | |
| Embodiment 1 | 88.72% | 2033.3kg/ mu | 123.92kg/ mu | 5.57 yuan/kg |
| Embodiment 2 | 87.24% | 2863.3kg/ mu | 157.62kg/ mu | 5.33 yuan/kg |
| Embodiment 3 | 86.93% | 3333.3kg/ mu | 180.92kg/ mu | 5.25 yuan/kg |
| Contrast groups | 61.53% | 1513.9kg/ mu | 42.54kg/ mu | 5.89 yuan/kg |
As can be known from the above table, the inventive method not only can improve the yield of Tilapia mossambica, and prawn yield also than
Tradition cultural method is high, but old of feed is less than conventional method, is the method for breeding of a kind of high-yield and high-efficiency,
It is remarkably improved the economic benefit of raiser.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (bag
Include technical term and scientific terminology) have and being commonly understood by of the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention
Identical meaning.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that
There is the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, and unless defined as here, no
Meeting idealization or the most formal implication are explained.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the parts in device in embodiment can be according to embodiment
Describe in the device being distributed in embodiment, it is also possible to carry out respective change and be disposed other than one of the present embodiment
Or in multiple device.The parts of above-described embodiment can merge into parts, it is also possible to is further split into
Multiple subassemblies.
It should be noted last that: above example only in order to illustrative not limiting technical scheme,
Although being described in detail the present invention with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should manage
Solve: still the present invention can be modified or equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Any modification or partial replacement, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (5)
1. a gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, it is characterised in that: include following steps in sequence:
(1) pond pre-treatment: the selection depth of water is the pond disinfection of 1.5～2.0 meters, and regulating water quality makes its pH be 7.5～8.0；
(2) fry is thrown in: annual when water temperature rises to more than 20 DEG C, throws in the gift tilapia seedling of a length of 4cm～5cm of body by every mu 3500～6500 tails, then throws something and feeds perfect compound feed by 3%～the 5% of gift tilapia seedling body weight；
(3) shrimp seedling is thrown in: when gift tilapia seedling cultivates 15～20 days, throws in through mark slightly to the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling of more than 3cm by every mu 1.5～20,000；
(4) multiple stocking and multiple fishing of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low: when after Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei 60～70 days, utilize cage to fish for shrimp, catches and stays greatly little, be then supplemented with Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling so that it is density maintains 1.5～20,000/mu；
(5) gift tilapia is fished for: when gift tilapia grows to 140～160 days, fish for gift tilapia.
The most according to claim 1, gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, it is characterised in that in step (1), described sterilization uses 100～150 kgs/acre of quick limes to carry out dry disinfection.
The most according to claim 1, gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, it is characterised in that in step (1), described pond is pond at the bottom of former spreading or pool dike spreading mud.
The most according to claim 1, gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, it is characterised in that in step (2), described perfect compound feed number of times of throwing something and feeding is 2～3 times, every minor tick 8～12 hours.
The most according to claim 1, gift tilapia and the mixed cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, it is characterised in that also include artificial oxygenation step, described artificial oxygenation step makes more than Dissolved Oxygen in Water 7mg/L in its pond for utilizing mechanical enhancement.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108739548A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of method that cultivating pool moss is removed in litopenaeus vannamei feeding process |
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| 吴佩佩: "《"养虾大叔讲述养虾经：鱼虾混养连续成功5茬"，中国水产门户网，http://www.bbwfish.com/article.asp?artid=167181》", 19 August 2014, 中国水产门户网 * |
| 杨弘: "《罗非鱼高效养殖模式攻略》", 31 May 2015, 中国农业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108739548A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of method that cultivating pool moss is removed in litopenaeus vannamei feeding process |
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