CN105820741A - 一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105820741A
CN105820741A CN201610175955.XA CN201610175955A CN105820741A CN 105820741 A CN105820741 A CN 105820741A CN 201610175955 A CN201610175955 A CN 201610175955A CN 105820741 A CN105820741 A CN 105820741A
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唐杰
谢飞
黄宗祥
宋孝飞
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TIANHENGDA ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法。该热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆是芳香族二元酸及脂肪族二元酸与二异氰酸酯反应生成聚酰胺嵌段与端羟基聚醚软段的共聚物,按照摩尔比,所述热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆包括以下组分:4,4’‑二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)210‑250份、带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸 120‑140份、端羟基聚醚 40‑60份、芳香族二元酸 50‑70份、N‑甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP) 800‑1000份、二甲苯500‑600份、抗氧化剂1‑2份。用本发明的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆制成的热融自粘漆包线具有静摩擦系数低,粘结力强,工艺方便的特点。

Description

一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着弱电技术的发展出现了自粘性漆包线,它能在溶剂的作用下或者在直接通电加热下实现线与线之间的粘合成型,可简化线圈制造过程,省略浸渍工序,既经济又环保,而且还能改善线圈的整体性,提高线圈的质量,是制造形状复杂、尺寸精密无骨架线圈不可缺少的材料。
据文献资料记载,1958年美国成功研制出具有实用意义的自粘性漆包线漆,20世纪60年代中期我国也成功研制出复合涂层的自粘性漆包线漆。当时主要是出于制造黑白电视机偏转线圈的需要。70年代我国研制了自粘直焊漆包线,阻燃自粘漆包线和F级自粘线等。90年代有醇溶自粘漆包线的开发。80-90年代自粘性漆包线已成功应用于三相电动机、密封电机和变压器中。至于家电(如吸尘器、微波炉等)、音响设备等各个方面,更是自粘性漆包线的常用场合。同时自粘性漆包线漆的材料也从聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚酯、环氧等发展到脂肪族聚酰胺、聚酯亚胺和芳香族聚酰胺等品种上。
近年来,随着产品设计水平的提高,电机、电器和电子产品朝着体积小的方向发展,线圈在使用过程中会产生非常大的热量,所以对绝缘材料的耐热等级要求也在不断提高,自粘漆包线除了要求有良好的电性能、机械性能及化学性能外以,还需具有较好的润滑性以适应高速自动绕线、机械嵌线的加工需求。
在各种用作自粘漆料组分中,由于缩丁醛在高温下的粘合强度较差,环氧树脂在粘合时需用强电流加热,因此这两种材料用作自粘漆料组分时均有一定的局限性。多年以前,漆包线用的自粘材料已逐步转向聚酰胺树脂。对于全芳香族聚酰胺树脂,由于其主链结构中没有可以粘结的单元,即使是升温至260℃,它也不会相互粘结成型;全脂肪族聚酰胺树脂虽然有很好的粘结能力,可是其耐潮湿性能和耐冷冻剂性能却很差,同时树脂本身的耐热性能也较低。
虽然目前市场上已经出现了改性脂肪族、脂肪-脂环族共聚酰胺为漆基树脂的热融自粘漆包线漆及漆包线,但是在高速绕线情况下,由于润滑性不足,还是会出现漆膜刮伤现象。为了解决润滑性不足问题,目前普遍的解决方法是在热融自粘漆包线表面涂覆表面润滑油,但是还是存在表面润滑油与自粘漆包线漆相容性差,产生粘结不良等问题。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明提供一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆及其制备方法,该种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆以芳香族二元酸及脂肪族二元酸与二异氰酸酯反应生成聚酰胺嵌段,以端羟基聚醚作为软段。制成线圈后表面光洁,有较低摩擦系数,且具有良好的粘合性能,低吸湿特性,耐热性好(220℃以上),可与聚酯亚胺底漆同炉温固化,成型线材热融粘结性及润滑性好,主要应用于耐热性较高的自粘漆包线线圈的制造。
本发明的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆是芳香族二元酸及脂肪族二元酸与二异氰酸酯反应生成聚酰胺嵌段与端羟基聚醚软段的共聚物,按照摩尔比,该热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆包括以下组分:
4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI) 210-250份
带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸 120-140份
端羟基聚醚 40-60份
芳香族二元酸 50-70份
N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP) 800-1000份
二甲苯 500-600份
抗氧化剂 1-2份。
该种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
1、按上述配方设定的摩尔比,在300L带有搅拌器及回流管的反应釜内,加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸及端羟基聚醚,开始以转数为25-30rpm的速度搅拌升温至70-75℃。待带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸及端羟基聚醚完全溶解后,降温至55-65℃,加入芳香族二元酸,溶解后,加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),继续降温至40℃,同时降低搅拌速度至转数至10-15rpm;
2、自加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)开始计时,持续搅拌16小时后,加快搅拌速度至25-30 rpm,一小时内升温至85℃, 持续搅拌3小时;
3、持续搅拌3小时后,升温至120℃,加快搅拌速度至40-45 rpm持续搅拌3小时,降温至90℃,加入二甲苯,降低搅拌速度至转数15-20rpm,取样测粘度,控制粘度在800--1000mPa.s, 如果粘度偏大,加二甲苯调低,粘度合格后,加入抗氧化剂,在90℃下持续搅拌1小时后,过滤出料得到热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆。
在上述方案基础上,所述的带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸由己二酸、葵二酸、2-甲基己二酸、三甲基己二酸、十一碳二元酸、十二碳二元酸及十三碳二元酸中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
在上述方案基础上,所述的端羟基聚醚由数均分子量在800-2000的乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚、四氢呋喃均聚醚、丙二醇聚醚中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
在上述方案基础上,所述的芳香族二元酸由对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、4,4’-联苯二甲酸、2- 甲基对苯二甲酸、5- 甲基间苯二甲酸、萘二甲酸中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
在上述方案基础上,所述的抗氧剂由亚磷酸三苯酯、4.4’-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺、N, N ’-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]六甲撑二胺中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
由于采用了上述技术方案,选用芳香族二元酸及脂肪族二元酸与二异氰酸酯反应生成聚酰胺嵌段,以端羟基聚醚作为软段。避免了全芳香族聚酰胺树脂主链结构中没有可以粘结的单元,无法热融粘结的问题,同时端羟基聚醚具有极低的摩擦系数和分子链的柔顺性,而聚酰胺树脂本身的润滑性良好,通过引入端羟基聚醚进一步改善了聚酰胺树脂的润滑性。
与现有技术相比,用本发明制成的热融自粘漆包线具有以下优点:
(1) 静摩擦系数低,静摩擦系数可达 0.05 以下;
(2) 带有自润滑功能,无需在漆包线表面涂覆润滑油,减少了生产工序;
(3) 粘结力强,室温螺旋线圈粘结强度是普通改性聚酰胺酰亚胺自粘漆包线的1.5倍以上;
(4) 涂覆性佳,涂制的漆包线表面光滑光亮 ;
(5) 工艺余度宽,便于实现稳健工艺生产。
以下结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
1、按摩尔比,在300L带有搅拌器及回流管的反应釜内,加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)800份、己二酸80份、十二碳二元酸50份及四氢呋喃均聚醚40份,开始以转数为25-30rpm的速度搅拌升温至70-75℃。待己二酸、十二碳二元酸及四氢呋喃均聚醚完全溶解后,降温至55-65℃,加入对苯二甲酸30份、2- 甲基对苯二甲酸20份,溶解后,加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)230份,继续降温至40℃,同时降低搅拌速度至转数至10-15rpm;
2、自加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)开始计时,持续搅拌16小时后,加快搅拌速度至25-30 rpm,一小时内升温至85℃, 持续搅拌3小时;
3、持续搅拌3小时后,升温至120℃,加快搅拌速度至40-45 rpm持续搅拌3小时,降温至90℃,加入二甲苯500份,降低搅拌速度至转数15-20rpm,取样测粘度,控制粘度在800--1000mPa.s, 如果粘度偏大,加二甲苯调低,粘度合格后,加入抗氧化剂亚磷酸三苯酯1份,在90℃下持续搅拌1小时后,过滤出料得到热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆。
实施例2:
1、按摩尔比,在300L带有搅拌器及回流管的反应釜内,加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)900份、2- 甲基己二酸90份、三甲基己二酸45份及乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚45份,开始以转数为25-30rpm的速度搅拌升温至70-75℃。待2- 甲基己二酸、三甲基己二酸及乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚完全溶解后,降温至55-65℃,加入4,4’-联苯二甲酸40份、5- 甲基间苯二甲酸20份,溶解后,加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)240份,继续降温至40℃,同时降低搅拌速度至转数至10-15rpm;
2、自加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)开始计时,持续搅拌16小时后,加快搅拌速度至25-30 rpm,一小时内升温至85℃, 持续搅拌3小时;
3、持续搅拌3小时后,升温至120℃,加快搅拌速度至40-45 rpm持续搅拌3小时,降温至90℃,加入二甲苯550份,降低搅拌速度至转数15-20rpm,取样测粘度,控制粘度在800--1000mPa.s, 如果粘度偏大,加二甲苯调低,粘度合格后,加入抗氧化剂4.4’-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺1份,在90℃下持续搅拌1小时后,过滤出料得到热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆。
实施例3:
1、按摩尔比,在300L带有搅拌器及回流管的反应釜内,加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)1000份、十一碳二元酸75份、十三碳二元酸45份及丙二醇聚醚55份,开始以转数为25-30rpm的速度搅拌升温至70-75℃。待十一碳二元酸、十三碳二元酸及丙二醇聚醚完全溶解后,降温至55-65℃,加入间苯二甲酸65份,溶解后,加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)250份,继续降温至40℃,同时降低搅拌速度至转数至10-15rpm;
2、自加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)开始计时,持续搅拌16小时后,加快搅拌速度至25-30 rpm,一小时内升温至85℃, 持续搅拌3小时;
3、持续搅拌3小时后,升温至120℃,加快搅拌速度至40-45 rpm持续搅拌3小时,降温至90℃,加入二甲苯600份,降低搅拌速度至转数15-20rpm,取样测粘度,控制粘度在800--1000mPa.s, 如果粘度偏大,加二甲苯调低,粘度合格后,加入抗氧化剂N, N ’-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]六甲撑二胺1份,在90℃下持续搅拌1小时后,过滤出料得到热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆。
效果比较:分别以实施例1、2、3 制成的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,用于涂覆烘烤制造0.315mm 标准线径的自粘漆包线为试验品,以市售改性聚酰胺酰亚胺自粘绝缘漆涂覆烘干制造同一线径的漆包线为对照品。对各项性能进行比较,结果如下:
漆包线样线的制备 :
涂线设备:卧式漆包机H4200MN-24(12+12)-8(6+2)
工艺参数:
漆包线规格为 :0.315mm;
固化区:480℃ ;
循环风机:700RPM ; 排废风机 :700RPM
车速:245m/min
涂漆道次: 7+1 。
注 :
各测试项目的试验方法照如下执行 :
导体直径与漆包线外径、自粘层厚度:按照GB/T 4074.1-2008;
漆包线表面:肉眼观察;
静摩擦系数:按照GB/T 4074.3-2008;
螺旋线圈粘结强度:按照GB/T 4074.3-2008;
扭绞线圈粘结强度:按照GB/T 4074.3-2008。

Claims (6)

1.一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,其特征在于:按照摩尔比,所述热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆包括下述组分:
4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI) 210-250份
带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸 120-140份
端羟基聚醚 40-60份
芳香族二元酸 50-70份
N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP) 800-1000份
二甲苯 500-600份
抗氧化剂 1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1 所述的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,其特征在于:所述的带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸由己二酸、葵二酸、2-甲基己二酸、三甲基己二酸、十一碳二元酸、十二碳二元酸及十三碳二元酸中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
3.根据权利要求1 所述的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,其特征在于:所述的端羟基聚醚由数均分子量在800-2000的乙二醇聚氧乙烯醚、四氢呋喃均聚醚、丙二醇聚醚中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,其特征在于:所述的芳香族二元酸由对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、4,4’-联苯二甲酸、2- 甲基对苯二甲酸、5- 甲基间苯二甲酸、萘二甲酸中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆,其特征在于:所述的抗氧剂由亚磷酸三苯酯、4.4’-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺、N, N ’-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]六甲撑二胺中的一种或两种以上物质组成。
6.一种热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述方法包括下述步骤:
⑴、按照权利要求1配方设定的摩尔比,在300L带有搅拌器及回流管的反应釜内,加入N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸及端羟基聚醚,开始以转数为25-30rpm的速度搅拌升温至70-75℃,待带长链烷基的脂肪族二元酸及端羟基聚醚完全溶解后,降温至55-65℃,加入芳香族二元酸,溶解后,加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),继续降温至40℃,同时降低搅拌速度至转数至10-15rpm;
⑵、自加入4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)开始计时,持续搅拌16小时后,加快搅拌速度至25-30 rpm,一小时内升温至85℃, 持续搅拌3小时;
⑶、持续搅拌3小时后,升温至120℃,加快搅拌速度至40-45 rpm持续搅拌3小时,降温至90℃,加入二甲苯,降低搅拌速度至转数15-20rpm,取样测粘度,控制粘度在800--1000mPa.s, 如果粘度偏大,加二甲苯调低,粘度合格后,加入抗氧化剂,在90℃下持续搅拌1小时后,过滤出料得到热融自粘及自润滑漆包线漆。
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