A kind of mountain area Fructus Mangifera Indicae fertilizing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mountain area Fructus Mangifera Indicae fertilizing method, the method is suitably applied the fertilising of mountain region Fructus Mangifera Indicae, particularly according to awns
The method that really different growing carries out stagewise fertilizing management to the demand rule of nutrient, belongs to technical field of agricultural cultivation method.
Background technology
Fructus Mangifera Indicae is one of big fruit in the world five, have the title of " torrid zone fruit king ", the emphasis fruit tree actively developed for tropic countries.
China's Fructus Mangifera Indicae growing area is mainly based on mountain region, and orchard ecosystem is fragile, and soil layer is thin, and fertility is poor, and water deficient and season divide
Joining uneven, moisture and utilization rate of fertilizer are low.In production practices, Fructus Mangifera Indicae Producer digs bar ditch under Fructus Mangifera Indicae tree crown, by solid
Fertilizer or liquid fertilizer apply trickle and earthing after bar ditch.Owing to a lot of mountainous regions lack, soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability,
It is difficult to by Fructus Mangifera Indicae Root Absorption at arid season solid fertilizer.The usual price comparison of Water-soluble liquid fertilizer is high, and single dose is big
Shi Rongyi injures Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system and causes nutrient loss.When to mango trickle, owing to moisture and air contact surfaces are big, add
The factors such as high temperature, arid and wind, the most only small part water are then evaporated in air by Fructus Mangifera Indicae Root Absorption, major part water,
Cause efficiency of water application low.The hillside orchard of the poor infrastructures such as traffic, traditional fertilising and sprinkling method are wasted time and energy,
And liquid manure utilization ratio is low, serious restriction Mango Output and the lifting of quality.
Summary of the invention
For the variety of problems faced described in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mountain area Fructus Mangifera Indicae fertilizing method, its
Advantage is simple and effective, low cost, is prone to grasp, be applicable to large scale application.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
1, dig pit cave: after Mango Fruit is plucked, around Fructus Mangifera Indicae trunk, dig length × width × height=50cm at distance trunk 45~55CM
The hole 1 of × 30cm × 30cm~2;Can respectively dig 1 hole to gentle slope in Fructus Mangifera Indicae plant both sides, steep hillslope can be by side, slope
Dig 1 hole.
2, fertilising: apply in hole after fertilizer and chemical fertilizer being mixed during basal dressing, cover with Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, weeds or garden mould etc.
Hole surface.When topdressing, corresponding fertilizer is applied in hole, mixes with substrate in hole, trickle, with Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, weeds
Or garden mould etc. covers.
8,3, water conservation: every time after fertilising, with the bottled full water of 5L environmentally-friendly plastic, simultaneously pierce through 1-3 aperture 2-3mm at bottle cap
Aperture, after building bottle cap, bottleneck down, by environmentally-friendly plastic bottle oblique cutting on hole surface, and allows bottle be inclined to ground level
30-45 ° of angle.Make the water in plastic bottle continue and drip in hole slowly and down ooze, improve Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system enrichment region substrate and
The moisture of soil.Fructus Mangifera Indicae tree root, every bottle of water can be maintained for a long time slowly to drip 7-15 days, after moisture has consumed by the method
Continue to add water 2-3 time.
The method have the advantages that
(1) use the inventive method that substantial amounts of Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system can be induced to grow in hole, form a root system enrichment region, it is simple to
Moisture and the centralizedly supply of nutrient and Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system are concentrated and are absorbed.Root system enrichment region decreases the contact surface of nutrient and soil, reduces
The probability that nutrient is cured by the soil, reduces the loss of nutrient.
(2) dig pit under tree dish when the inventive method is applied fertilizer first cave, each fertilizing operation backward, only corresponding fertilizer need to be executed
In hole, also trickle and covering, is not required to repeat the hard work such as Wa Tiaogou, earthing, significantly reduces fertilising workload.
(3) the inventive method is continued by plastic bottle, provides moisture for mango slowly, and Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system can be maintained for a long time rich
Collection territorial matrix and the higher moisture of soil;Every bottle of water can slowly drip 7-15 days, and moisture can be according to Fructus Mangifera Indicae plant moisture after having consumed
Demand supplements water quickly, easily, ensures the water supply of mountain area mango critical period of water need, significantly using water wisely simultaneously.
(4) use the inventive method to improve mountain area mango water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability greatly, improve moisture and the utilization ratio of nutrient,
Minimizing high temperature and drought is to Fructus Mangifera Indicae Pollination Fertilization and the harmful effect of fruit development, therefore high and stable yield performance is good.
(5) use the inventive method to reduce Fructus Mangifera Indicae production cost, it is achieved the organic ecological use such as Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, weeds, carry
High Mango Output, quality and economic benefit.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is fertilizing method flow chart
Detailed description of the invention
In detail one mountain area of the present invention Fructus Mangifera Indicae fertilizing method is described further below in conjunction with implementing step.
Step describes in detail as follows:
1, dig pit cave
Mango Fruit pluck after, dig at distance trunk 45~55CM around Fructus Mangifera Indicae trunk length × width × height=50cm × 30cm ×
The hole of 30cm, can respectively dig 1 hole to gentle slope in Fructus Mangifera Indicae plant both sides, and steep hillslope can dig 1 hole by side, slope.
2, the fertilising first step
Fertilizer after adopting: after fruit harvesting, applies in hole after fertilizer and chemical fertilizer being mixed.Can be selected for equivalent formula compound fertilizer, carbamide,
Potash fertilizer, commercial fertilizer, farm manure etc., general every strain grows up and sets greatly the fertilizer applied and comprise purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50 kilogram,
N、P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.2:0.4:1.0.Cover with Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, weeds, garden mould etc.
Hole surface trickle.
3, water conservation one phase
After fertilising, with the bottled full water of 5L environmentally-friendly plastic, at bottle cap, pierce through the aperture of 1-3 aperture 2-3mm simultaneously, build bottle
Gai Hou, bottleneck down, by environmentally-friendly plastic bottle oblique cutting on hole surface, and allows bottle and ground level be inclined to 30-45 ° of angle.Often
Individual hole places 1 plastic bottle, makes the water in plastic bottle continue and drip to slowly in hole and be transmitted to root system enrichment region, carries
High Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system enrichment region substrate and the moisture of soil.Poured water by the method every time and can maintain the mango moisture of 7-15 days
Demand, moisture adds water 2-3 time after having consumed continuously.
4, fertilising second step
Promote ear manuer: carry out when flower bud germination, apply in hole by corresponding fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, can be selected for equivalent formula compound fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer, carbamide, commercial fertilizer, farm manure etc., general every strain is grown up and is set greatly the fertilizer applied and comprise purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50
Kilogram, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2.With Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, weeds, garden mould
Deng covering hole surface trickle.
5, the water conservation second phase
After promoting ear manuer interpolation, same with the bottled full water of 5L environmentally-friendly plastic, at bottle cap, pierce through 1-3 aperture 2-3mm simultaneously
Aperture, after building bottle cap, bottleneck down, by environmentally-friendly plastic bottle oblique cutting on hole surface, and allows bottle be inclined to ground level
30-45 ° of angle.Repeat step 3.
6, fertilising the 3rd step
Fruit-promoting fertilizer: carry out when fruit expanding period i.e. fruit grows to Semen phaseoli radiati size, corresponding fertilizer is applied in hole, can be selected for
Liang Shi compound fertilizer, potash fertilizer, carbamide, commercial fertilizer, farm manure etc., general every strain is grown up and is set greatly the fertilizer applied and comprise
Purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50 kilogram, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2.Use Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch
Leaf, weeds, garden mould etc. cover hole surface trickle.
7, water conservation three phase
After fruit-promoting fertilizer adds, same with the bottled full water of 5L environmentally-friendly plastic, at bottle cap, pierce through 1-3 aperture 2-3mm simultaneously
Aperture, after building bottle cap, bottleneck down, by environmentally-friendly plastic bottle oblique cutting on hole surface, and allows bottle be inclined to ground level
30-45 ° of angle.Repeat step 3.
As a example by specific experiment case, detailed description of the invention is described below, it will be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only
Only in order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With abrupt slope, mountain area, Baise Fructus Mangifera Indicae as experimental subject, adult Fructus Mangifera Indicae is typically in 6-8 month maturation fruit picking, for the coming year after fruit picking
The fruit that can grow, carries out the fertilising work of new 1 year in 6-8 month to the Fructus Mangifera Indicae after plucking, at distance Fructus Mangifera Indicae trunk 50CM
Digging pit cave side, abrupt slope in place, hole length × width × height=50cm × 30cm × 30cm digs one, and applying fertilizer is that equivalent formula is answered
Hefei, potash fertilizer, carbamide, commercial fertilizer, farm manure, every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50
Kilogram, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.2:0.4:1.0.Fertilizer is mixed with substrate in hole
Uniformly, hole surface trickle are covered with dry Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, withered weeds, garden mould etc..Then bottled with 5L environmentally-friendly plastic
Full tap water, pierces through the aperture of 3 aperture 2-3mm at bottle cap simultaneously, after building bottle cap, bottleneck down, by environmentally-friendly plastic
Bottle oblique cutting is on hole surface, and allows bottle and ground level be inclined to about 30-45 degree angle, improves Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system enrichment region substrate and soil
The moisture of earth.Repeat water conservation process after within 7-15 days, plastics water in bottle makes to be finished, bottle is taken out from hole surface and continues to fill
Water, repeats water conservation 2-3 time.When 1-2 month flower bud germination, at original hole, apply fertilizer be equivalent formula compound fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer, commercial fertilizer, farm manure, every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50 kilogram, N,
P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2.Fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate in hole, with dry
Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, withered weeds, garden mould etc. cover hole surface, and repeat water conservation step 2-3 time.March fruit swollen
When big phase i.e. fruit grows to Semen phaseoli radiati size, at original hole, applying fertilizer is equivalent formula compound fertilizer, potash fertilizer, commercial
Fertilizer, farm manure, every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises purity nitrogen 0.20-0.50 kilogram, N, P2O5And K2O tri-
The ratio of person is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2.Fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate in hole, with dry Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf,
Withered weeds, garden mould etc. cover hole surface.And repeat water conservation step.
Embodiment 2
With ground, gentle slope, mountain area, Baise Fructus Mangifera Indicae as experimental subject, adult Fructus Mangifera Indicae is typically in 6-8 month maturation fruit picking, in order to come after fruit picking
The fruit that year can grow, carries out the fertilising work of new 1 year in 6-8 month to the Fructus Mangifera Indicae after plucking, at distance Fructus Mangifera Indicae trunk 50CM
At Zuo You, a hole, hole length × width × height=40-50cm × 30-40cm × 30-40cm are respectively dug in both sides, and applying fertilizer is equivalent
Formula compound fertilizer, carbamide, potash fertilizer, commercial fertilizer, farm manure, every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises purity nitrogen
0.20-0.50 kilogram, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.2:0.4:1.0.By fertilizer and hole
Interior substrate mix homogeneously, covers hole surface with dry Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch and leaf, withered weeds, garden mould etc..Then 5L environmentally-friendly plastic is used
Bottled full tap water, pierces through the aperture of 3 aperture 2mm at bottle cap simultaneously, by environmentally-friendly plastic bottle oblique cutting on hole surface, and
Allow bottle and ground level be inclined to about 30-45 degree angle, improve Fructus Mangifera Indicae root system enrichment region substrate and the moisture of soil.7-15 days
Water in plastic bottle repeats water conservation 2-3 time after making to be finished.When 1-2 month flower bud germination, at original hole, apply fertilizer
Material is equivalent formula compound fertilizer, carbamide, commercial fertilizer, farm manure, and every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises pure
0.20-0.50 kilogram of nitrogen, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2.And repeat water conservation
Step 2-3 time.When March, the i.e. fruit of fruit expanding period grew to Semen phaseoli radiati size, at original hole, applying fertilizer is equivalent
Formula compound fertilizer, potash fertilizer, carbamide, commercial fertilizer, farm manure, every strain fertilizer that the big tree of Fructus Mangifera Indicae applies of growing up comprises purity nitrogen
0.20-0.50 kilogram, N, P2O5And K2The ratio of O three is N:P2O5: K2O=1.0:0.4:1.2, need to be with dry Fructus Mangifera Indicae branch
Leaf, withered weeds, garden mould etc. cover hole surface, and repeat water conservation step 2-3 time.
It should be pointed out that, that being above embodiment is only the example that the present invention is representative, technical scheme is not limited in
Above-described embodiment, it is also possible to have many deformation.