CN105794464B - A kind of fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking - Google Patents
A kind of fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794464B CN105794464B CN201610176715.1A CN201610176715A CN105794464B CN 105794464 B CN105794464 B CN 105794464B CN 201610176715 A CN201610176715 A CN 201610176715A CN 105794464 B CN105794464 B CN 105794464B
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- fruit
- tree
- egg yolk
- branch
- liquid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit tree management methods after egg yolk fruit fruit picking, including tree body protection and pest control procedures；Tree body protection includes preparation protection liquid X, lactose is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1~3:100, then mixed solution is put into autoclave sterilization pot, 120~150 DEG C of 30~60min of processing, and protection liquid X is obtained after cooling；Smearing sterilizing is carried out to tree body wound with the mixed liquor or protection liquid X of protection liquid X and Bordeaux mixture and the mixed liquor of lime sulfur stoste, then is smeared with 0.01~0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate cream；After tree body is trimmed, every 10~15 days foliage-spray foliar fertilizers, continuous spraying 2~3 times.Pest control procedures include carrying out spraying prevention and treatment after liquid X will be protected to mix with the chemical liquid for preventing and treating pest and disease damage.Integrated management is carried out to the fruit tree after egg yolk fruit fruit picking using management method of the present invention, has the advantages that high yield, high-quality, efficient, low consumption.
Description
Technical field
Fruit tree management side the present invention relates to arviculture administrative skill field, after specifically a kind of egg yolk fruit fruit picking
Method.
Background technique
Egg yolk fruit is Sapotaceae fruit olive category perennial evergreen fruit tree also known as chimera fruit, egg-fruit, flat peach, is boiled because pulp exactly likes
Ripe egg yolk and gain the name, originate in Cuba and South America torrid areas, each torrid areas cultivation in the world is extensively, China Guangdong, wide
The tropical and warm subtropical zones such as west, Hainan, Yunnan and Fujian have fragmentary plantation.Egg yolk fruit is adaptable, and pest and disease damage is few, and tree performance is excellent
Beauty, fruit is beautiful, full of nutrition, can eat or be processed into jam, cream raw, and have beauty functions, for domestic and international vast consumption
Person is liked.In recent years China torrid areas oneself as famous and high-quality fruit Speeding up development, but be still in half cultivation, introduce a fine variety examination
The screening stage of kind or kind.It is extensive for the cultivation management model comparision of egg yolk fruit at present, cause the yield of egg yolk fruit lower,
Inferior quality.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide a kind of egg yolk fruit of science
Fruit tree management method after fruit picking.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the technical solution that above-mentioned technical problem is taken:
A kind of fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking, comprising the following steps:
(1) tree body is trimmed:
Fruit tree is trimmed in early or mid Febuary after fruit picking, wipe out and clear up sick branch, withered branch, juxtaposition branch and
The branch of excessive growth；Interior thorax nutrition bough is wiped out, retains thorax fruit spur in fruit tree, gives over to bearing basal shoot；Bounce back tree crown, cuts off too strong, mistake
Long branch, according to the principle progress cutting back for staying 25~35cm to branch upper one year；Retraction update is carried out to aging bough, and right
The re-shaping exercise that the branch that regeneration is sprouted carries out bud thinning in time, determines the tip, pinching, cutting back avoids leaving nature growth and forming clump
It gives birth to branch and the branch of excessive growth and reduces bearing capacity；
(2) tree body is protected:
A. protection liquid X is prepared, lactose is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1~3:100, is configured to lactose solution, then
Lactose solution is put into autoclave sterilization pot, 120~150 DEG C of 30~60min of processing, protection liquid X is obtained after cooling；
B. tree body Wound protection: treatment will be protected in the serious wounds caused by egg yolk fruit tree body in time, prevent from expanding,
It is allowed to heal early, first processing wound circumference tissue is scabbled with knife scraping, then with the mixing of protection liquid X and Bordeaux mixture
Liquid or protection liquid X and the mixed liquor of lime sulfur stoste carry out smearing sterilizing, then are smeared with 0.01~0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate cream；
C. tree body branches and leaves are protected: after tree body is trimmed, 0.3~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used every 10~15 days
Liquid or using 0.2~0.3% urea add 0.2% calcium superphosphate liquid carry out foliage-spray, continuous spraying 2~3 times, to supplement fruit tree
Because of a large amount of nutrition of fruiting consumption, accelerates tree vigo(u)r and restore；
(3) soil management and fertilizing management:
The soil management includes:
A. it turns over and loosens the soil: a tillage and weeding being carried out to orcharding after fruit picking and loose surface soil works, intertillage depth is 10
~15cm；
B. tree disk covering: tree consolidation reason is carried out to fruit tree, and with straw or other agricultural crop straw annular overlay tree disks, is covered
Lid 8~12cm of thickness, straw or other agricultural crop straws are away from trunk 15-25cm；
The fertilizing management is as follows:
For egg yolk fruit adult fruiting tree, base manure of heavy dressing after fruit picking, every plant of fruiting adult yolk fruit tree is applied organic
30~45kg of fertilizer mixes 0.3~0.5kg of urea, potassium sulfate 0.3kg, 0.8~1.5kg of calcium superphosphate；Base manure uses circular trench manuring
Mode, drips in tree crown and locates to dig annular groove, and 35~40cm of ditch depth, 35~40cm of furrow width apply fertilizer in ditch, by surface soil and bottom
Soil is covered on fertilizer, and watering is primary；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
A. it is directed to scale insect, is mixed into using the quinalphos medical fluid of the resulting protection liquid X and 250~400mg/L of step (2)
The spraying prevention and treatment of row；
B. be directed to moth class, using 250~400mg/L chlopyrifos medical fluid or 800~1000mg/L metrifonate medical fluid into
The spraying prevention and treatment of row；
C. it is directed to class Diabrotica, spraying prevention and treatment is carried out using the phoxim medical fluid of 400~600mg/L；
D. it is directed to brown spot, spray is mixed with 600~1000mg/L carbendazim medical fluid using the resulting protection liquid X of step (2)
Mist prevention and treatment；
E. it is directed to termite, is administered prevention and treatment at harm or at termite activity using mirex or d ichlorbenzuron 3.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages:
(1) high yield and high quality carries out integrated management to the fruit tree after egg yolk fruit fruit picking using management method of the present invention,
The egg yolk fruit yield and quality in the coming year all substantially increases.
(2) efficient low-consume carries out integrated management to the fruit tree after egg yolk fruit fruit picking using management method of the present invention,
It is high-efficient, and input cost is lower.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect are described further below with reference to embodiment.
Following 6 embodiments are used to be managed the yolk fruit tree (kind is " flat peach 2 ", the age of tree 5 years) after fruit picking,
And single plant yield to next year and healthy fruit compare evaluation.
Embodiment 1
(1) tree body is trimmed:
Fruit tree is trimmed in early or mid Febuary after fruit picking, wipe out and clear up sick branch, withered branch, juxtaposition branch and
The branch of excessive growth；Interior thorax nutrition bough is wiped out, retains thorax fruit spur in fruit tree, gives over to bearing basal shoot；Bounce back tree crown, cuts off too strong, mistake
Long branch, according to the principle progress cutting back for staying 25~35cm to branch upper one year；Retraction update is carried out to aging bough, and right
The re-shaping exercise that the branch that regeneration is sprouted carries out bud thinning in time, determines the tip, pinching, cutting back avoids leaving nature growth and forming clump
It gives birth to branch and the branch of excessive growth and reduces bearing capacity；
(2) tree body is protected:
A. protection liquid X is prepared, lactose is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, lactose solution is configured to, it then will be newborn
Sugar juice is put into autoclave sterilization pot, 150 DEG C of processing 30min, and protection liquid X is obtained after cooling；
B. tree body Wound protection: treatment will be protected in the serious wounds caused by egg yolk fruit tree body in time, prevent from expanding,
It is allowed to heal early, first processing wound circumference tissue is scabbled with knife scraping, then with the mixing of protection liquid X and Bordeaux mixture
Liquid carries out smearing sterilizing, then is smeared with 0.01% methyl α-naphthyl acetate cream；
C. tree body branches and leaves are protected: after tree body is trimmed, carrying out blade face using 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 15 days
It sprays, continuous spraying 3 times, to supplement a large amount of nutrition that fruit tree consumes by fruiting, accelerates tree vigo(u)r and restore；
(3) soil management and fertilizing management:
The soil management includes:
A. it turns over and loosens the soil: a tillage and weeding being carried out to orcharding after fruit picking and loose surface soil works, intertillage depth is
12cm or so；
B. tree disk covering: tree consolidation reason is carried out to fruit tree, and with straw or other agricultural crop straw annular overlay tree disks, is covered
Lid thickness 10cm, straw or other agricultural crop straws are away from trunk 20cm；
The fertilizing management is as follows:
For egg yolk fruit adult fruiting tree, base manure of heavy dressing after fruit picking, every plant of fruiting adult yolk fruit tree is applied organic
30~45kg of fertilizer mixes 0.3~0.5kg of urea, potassium sulfate 0.3kg, 0.8~1.5kg of calcium superphosphate；Base manure uses circular trench manuring
Mode, drips in tree crown and locates to dig annular groove, and 35~40cm of ditch depth, 35~40cm of furrow width apply fertilizer in ditch, by surface soil and bottom
Soil is covered on fertilizer, and watering is primary；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:
A. it is directed to scale insect, is mixed and is sprayed with the quinalphos medical fluid of 400mg/L using the resulting protection liquid X of step (2)
Mist prevention and treatment；
B. it is directed to moth class, spraying prevention and treatment is carried out using the chlopyrifos medical fluid of 400mg/L；
C. it is directed to class Diabrotica, spraying prevention and treatment is carried out using the phoxim medical fluid of 400mg/L；
D. it is directed to brown spot, it is anti-using the resulting protection liquid X of step (2) and 1000mg/L carbendazim medical fluid mixed atomizing
It controls；
E. it is directed to termite, is administered prevention and treatment at harm or at termite activity using mirex or d ichlorbenzuron 3.
Embodiment 2
Unlike the first embodiment, protection liquid X's the preparation method comprises the following steps: lactose and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:100
It closes, is configured to lactose solution, then lactose solution is put into autoclave sterilization pot, 120 DEG C of processing 60min are obtained after cooling
To protection liquid X；Other steps are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
Unlike the first embodiment, step (2) and step (4) are without using protection liquid X, and substitute protection liquid with clear water
X.Other steps are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
Unlike the first embodiment, step (2) substitutes protection liquid X without using protection liquid X, and with clear water.Other steps with
Embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 5
Unlike the first embodiment, step (4) substitutes protection liquid X without using protection liquid X, and with clear water.Other steps with
Embodiment 1 is identical.
Embodiment 6
Any artificial management measure is not taken, is allowed to wild.
Interpretation of result
The orchard of above-mentioned 6 embodiments carries out the survey of fruit-setting rate in the phase of bearing fruit of blooming, in next year by the end of January to 2
The first tenday period of a month moon carry out egg yolk fruit harvesting, and do the survey of single plant yield and healthy fruit.The result finally counted is as shown in the table:
| Test group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 |
| Fruit-setting rate % | 88.5 | 89.3 | 70.2 | 75.6 | 74.9 | 58.2 |
| Single plant yield kg | 32.4 | 30.8 | 20.0 | 23.9 | 25.4 | 16.6 |
| Healthy fruit % | 95.6 | 92.8 | 80.4 | 82.3 | 81.7 | 67.5 |
As can be known from the above table, embodiment 1 has compared with embodiment 3-6 with 2 fruit-setting rate of embodiment, single plant yield and healthy fruit
Large increase.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking, which comprises the following steps: (1) tree body is trimmed, (2)
Tree body protection, (3) soil management and fertilizing management, (4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；The described tree body protection the following steps are included:
A. protection liquid X is prepared, lactose is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1~3:100, lactose solution is configured to, it then will be newborn
Sugar juice is put into autoclave sterilization pot, 120~150 DEG C of 30~60min of processing, and protection liquid X is obtained after cooling；
B. tree body Wound protection: treatment will be protected in the serious wounds caused by egg yolk fruit tree body in time, prevent from expanding, be allowed to
Heal early, first processing wound circumference tissue, with knife scraping scabble, then with protection liquid X and Bordeaux mixture mixed liquor or
Protection liquid X and the mixed liquor of lime sulfur stoste carry out smearing sterilizing, then are smeared with 0.01~0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate cream；
C. tree body branches and leaves protect: tree body trim after, every 10~15 days using 0.3~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or
Using 0.2~0.3% urea add 0.2% calcium superphosphate liquid carry out foliage-spray, continuous spraying 2~3 times, with supplement fruit tree because hang
A large amount of nutrition of fruit consumption are accelerated tree vigo(u)r and are restored；
The pest control procedures are as follows: carry out spraying prevention and treatment after liquid X will be protected to mix with the chemical liquid for preventing and treating pest and disease damage.
2. the fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tree body trimming
Step specifically:
Fruit tree is trimmed in early or mid Febuary after fruit picking, wipes out and clear up sick branch, withered branch, juxtaposition branch and excessive growth
Branch；Interior thorax nutrition bough is wiped out, retains thorax fruit spur in fruit tree, gives over to bearing basal shoot；Bounce back tree crown, cuts off too strong, too long
Branch, according to the principle progress cutting back for staying 25~35cm to branch upper one year；Retraction update is carried out to aging bough, and to regeneration
The re-shaping exercise that the branch of sprouting carries out bud thinning in time, determines the tip, pinching, cutting back avoids leaving nature growth and forming branch of growing thickly
Bearing capacity is reduced with the branch of excessive growth.
3. the fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil management
With fertilizing management specific steps are as follows:
(1) soil management:
A. it turns over and loosens the soil: a tillage and weeding and loose surface soil being carried out to orcharding after fruit picking and worked, intertillage depth is 10~
15cm；
B. tree disk covering: to fruit tree carry out tree consolidation reason, and use straw or other agricultural crop straw annular overlay tree disks, covering thickness
8~12cm is spent, straw or other agricultural crop straws are away from trunk 15-25cm；
(2) fertilizing management:
For egg yolk fruit adult fruiting tree, base manure of heavy dressing after fruit picking, every plant of fruiting adult yolk fruit tree organic fertilizer 30
~45kg mixes 0.3~0.5kg of urea, potassium sulfate 0.3kg, 0.8~1.5kg of calcium superphosphate；Base manure uses circular trench manuring side
Formula, drips in tree crown and locates to dig annular groove, and 35~40cm of ditch depth, 35~40cm of furrow width apply fertilizer in ditch, by surface soil and subsoil
It is covered on fertilizer, watering is primary.
4. the fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pest and disease damage is anti-
Fixture body step are as follows:
A. it is directed to scale insect, is mixed and is sprayed with the quinalphos medical fluid of 250~400mg/L using the resulting protection liquid X of step (2)
Mist prevention and treatment；
B. it is directed to moth class, is sprayed using the chlopyrifos medical fluid of 250~400mg/L or the metrifonate medical fluid of 800~1000mg/L
Mist prevention and treatment；
C. it is directed to class Diabrotica, spraying prevention and treatment is carried out using the phoxim medical fluid of 400~600mg/L；
D. it is directed to brown spot, it is anti-using the resulting protection liquid X and 600~1000mg/L carbendazim medical fluid mixed atomizing of step (2)
It controls；
E. it is directed to termite, is administered prevention and treatment at harm or at termite activity using mirex or d ichlorbenzuron 3.
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| CN201610176715.1A CN105794464B (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | A kind of fruit tree management method after egg yolk fruit fruit picking |
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| CN115529956A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Annona squamosa top grafting crown changing method |
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| WO2010091803A2 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors for extending shelf life of fruits and vegetables |
| GB2500662A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | Albertus Bernardus Eskes | Modifying the aroma of green coffee beans |
| TWI654180B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2019-03-21 | 美商艾佛艾姆希公司 | Fungicidal heterocyclic carboxamide |
| CN105263911A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2016-01-20 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Substituted [1,2,4]triazole and imidazole compounds |
| CN104285752B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-03-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | The breeding method that a kind of eggfruit is potted plant |
| CN104823995A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | Agricultural composition containing naphthylacetic acid and strobilurin fungicide |
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Application publication date: 20160727 Assignee: Guangxi Nongtian Investment Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SOUTH ASIAN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Research Institute OF GUANGXI Contract record no.: X2022450000285 Denomination of invention: A method of fruit tree management after egg yolk fruit picking Granted publication date: 20190205 License type: Common License Record date: 20221209 |
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