CN105786081B - Reference voltage source circuit - Google Patents
Reference voltage source circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105786081B CN105786081B CN201610191832.5A CN201610191832A CN105786081B CN 105786081 B CN105786081 B CN 105786081B CN 201610191832 A CN201610191832 A CN 201610191832A CN 105786081 B CN105786081 B CN 105786081B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
- G05F3/262—Current mirrors using field-effect transistors only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reference voltage source circuit, including:Biasing circuit, its first and two NMOS tube all work in subthreshold region and gate source voltage between the two subtracts each other to form the gate source voltage difference of positive temperature coefficient to the two ends of first resistor;Gate source voltage difference produces circuit poor including working in the 3rd and four NMOS tubes of subthreshold region, the gate source voltage that the series connection of the 3rd and four NMOS tubes and the source-drain electrode in the 3rd NMOS tube form the 3rd and four NMOS tubes;Biasing circuit and each gate source voltage difference produce circuit formed gate source voltage difference be added to reference voltage output circuit the 5th NMOS tube source electrode, the grid leak of the 5th NMOS tube is extremely connected and output reference voltage, 5th NMOS tube works in subthreshold region, is superimposed to form the reference voltage unrelated with temperature using each gate source voltage difference and with the Positive and Negative Coefficient Temperature of the gate source voltage of the 5th NMOS tube.The present invention can reduce area and reduce power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of semiconductor integrated circuit, more particularly to a kind of reference voltage source circuit.
Background technology
Reference voltage source circuit is widely used in integrated circuits, as shown in figure 1, being existing reference voltage source circuit
Circuit structure diagram;The grid of NMOS tube MN101 and MN102 links together and is all connected to the drain electrode of NMOS tube MN101, NMOS
The source ground of pipe MN101, the source electrode of NMOS tube MN102 is grounded by resistance R101;The drain electrode of NMOS tube MN101 be connected to by
The current path of PMOS MP101 compositions, the drain electrode of NMOS tube MN102 is connected to the current path being made up of PMOS MP102,
PMOS MP101 and MP102 mirror image each other.The channel width-over-length ratio raceway groove of the requirement more than NMOS tube MN101 of NMOS tube MN102 is wide
Ratio long, in addition, the ratio of the channel width-over-length ratio of the channel width-over-length ratio of NMOS tube MN102 and NMOS tube MN101 is N.During work,
NMOS tube MN101 and MN102 work in subthreshold region, and the source-drain current of the subthreshold region of NMOS tube has following spy
Property:
Because NMOS tube MN101 and MN102 are operated in sub-threshold region, MOS transistor is the subthreshold of NMOS tube or PMOS
The formula of the conducting electric current in value area is:
Wherein, IDIt is the leakage current of corresponding MOS transistor;ID0It is the characteristic current of corresponding MOS transistor, ID0With
The characteristic current of the nmos pass transistor that the breadth length ratio of the raceway groove of MOS transistor is directly proportional and uses same process to be formed is a constant
And it is identical;VGSIt is the gate source voltage of MOS transistor;M is the thermodynamic voltage of the subthreshold conduction electric current of metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor;VT
It is thermal voltage, andWith positive temperature coefficient, T represents absolute temperature, and k is Boltzmann constant, and q is electron charge.
As shown in Figure 1, the voltage difference at resistance R101 two ends is, the gate source voltage V of NMOS tube MN101GS101And NMOS tube
The gate source voltage V of MN102GS102Difference, i.e.,:
VR101=VGS101-VGS102----------------------(2);
Make PMOS MP101 and 102 be of the same size, the breadth length ratio of NMOS tube MN101 and MN102 is updated to public affairs
Formula (1) is simultaneously updated to formula (2) and can obtain:
The electric current flowed through on R101 is:
Understand,That is VTWith positive temperature coefficient, therefore VR101And IR101All there is positive temperature coefficient.
Include NMOS tube MN103, resistance R102 and PMOS MP103, PMOS MP103 in reference voltage outgoing route
Mirror image circuit is constituted with MP101 and both sizes of order are identical.
As shown in Figure 1, the drain electrode connection end output reference voltage VREF of resistance R102 and PMOS MP103, NMOS tube
MN103 works in subthreshold region, and the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN103 can be more than threshold voltage if resistance R102 is not provided with
And work in saturation region;NMOS tube MN103 can work in subthreshold region after being provided with resistance R102, using working in pressure threshold value
The source-drain current and gate source voltage of the MOS transistor in region such as NMOS tube or PMOS all characteristics with negative temperature coefficient,
Make the reference voltage of output Positive and Negative Coefficient Temperature offset so as to and temperature it is unrelated, i.e.,:Flow through the source-drain current of NMOS tube MN103
With negative temperature characterisitic, and the electric current for flowing through PMOS MP103 is IR101Image current so as to have positive temperature characterisitic,
Both can cancel out each other so as to realize at Positive and Negative Coefficient Temperature.
Needed in outgoing route in Fig. 1 using resistance R102, in semiconductor integrated circuit resistance can take chip compared with
Big area, this can reduce the integrated level of chip and improve cost so as to relative, and some cost sensitivity applications to area requirements compared with
Height, thus should phase method reduce circuit area.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of reference voltage source circuit, can reduce area.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the reference voltage source circuit that the present invention is provided includes:
Biasing circuit, including the first NMOS tube, the second NMOS tube and first resistor, the raceway groove length wide of second NMOS tube
Than the channel width-over-length ratio more than first NMOS tube, the source ground of first NMOS tube, the source of second NMOS tube
Pole is grounded by the first resistor, and the grid of the drain and gate of first NMOS tube and second NMOS tube all connects
The first bias voltage is connect, the drain electrode of first NMOS tube connects the first current path, the drain electrode connection of second NMOS tube
Second current path, first current path and second current path mirror image each other;First NMOS tube and described
Second NMOS tube works in subthreshold region, and tool is provided in the connection end of the first resistor and the source electrode of second NMOS tube
There is the first order gate source voltage of positive temperature coefficient poor, the first order gate source voltage difference is first NMOS tube and described second
Gate source voltage between NMOS tube is poor.
Gate source voltage difference more than one-level produces circuit, each gate source voltage difference produce circuit include the 3rd NMOS tube,
4th NMOS tube and the 3rd current path, the source electrode of the 4th NMOS tube connect the drain electrode of the 3rd NMOS tube, and described the
The grid of the drain and gate of four NMOS tubes and the 3rd NMOS tube links together and is all connected to the 3rd electric current road
Footpath, the 3rd current path and first current path mirror image each other;The channel width-over-length ratio of the 4th NMOS tube is more than
The channel width-over-length ratio of the 3rd NMOS tube, the source electrode connection previous stage gate source voltage of the 3rd NMOS tube is poor, the first order
The gate source voltage difference produces the previous stage gate source voltage difference of circuit for the first order gate source voltage is poor, the 3rd NMOS tube
With the 4th NMOS tube be all operated in subthreshold region and the 3rd NMOS tube drain electrode output have positive temperature coefficient
When prime gate source voltage it is poor.
Reference voltage output circuit, including the 5th NMOS tube and the 4th current path;4th current path and described
First current path mirror image each other;The grid of the 5th NMOS tube and drain electrode all connect the 4th current path, and described the
The drain electrode of five NMOS tubes as reference voltage output end, the 5th NMOS tube source electrode connection afterbody described in grid source electricity
Pressure difference produces the gate source voltage that circuit is exported poor;5th NMOS tube is operated in sub-threshold region makes the 5th NMOS tube
Gate source voltage has negative temperature coefficient;The reference voltage is the gate source voltage and the grid source electricity at different levels of the 5th NMOS tube
The sum of pressure difference, has negative temperature coefficient and the gate source voltage difference at different levels with just using the gate source voltage of the 5th NMOS tube
The characteristic of temperature coefficient realizes the counteracting of temperature coefficient, makes the reference voltage and temperature unrelated.
Further improvement is that first current path, second current path, the gate source voltage difference at different levels are produced
3rd current path and the 4th current path of raw circuit are all made up of a PMOS, and the grid of each PMOS is connected to
Mirror is realized together.
Further improvement is that first current path, second current path, the gate source voltage difference at different levels are produced
3rd current path of raw circuit and the size of current of the 4th current path are equal.
Further improvement is that it is two-stage that the gate source voltage difference produces the series of circuit.
The present invention produces circuit to improve reference voltage by using the gate source voltage difference being made up of NMOS tube and PMOS
The source voltage of the output NMOS tube of output circuit, makes the output NMOS tube of reference voltage output circuit work in sub-threshold region
Domain, has negative temperature coefficient and at different levels works in subthreshold region using the gate source voltage of the NMOS tube for working in pressure threshold region
The gate source voltage mutual coefficient of the difference with positive temperature coefficient of NMOS tube realize and the unrelated reference voltage of temperature, relative to existing
There is technology, the present invention need not use resistance in outgoing route, so as to save the usage amount of resistance, reduce circuit area.
In addition, the present invention can also reduce the power consumption of circuit, reason is:The electric current of reference voltage output circuit of the invention with
And the electric current of gate source voltage difference generation circuits at different levels can all flow to first resistor, and the voltage at first resistor two ends keeps constant,
Namely compared to the prior art the electric current of first resistor of the invention is dispersed on each bar branch road, reference voltage output circuit with
And gate source voltage difference generation circuits at different levels will not bring extra power consumption, therefore the present invention can also reduce the power consumption of circuit.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of existing reference voltage source circuit;
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram of embodiment of the present invention reference voltage source circuit.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2 being the circuit structure diagram of embodiment of the present invention reference voltage V REF source circuits, embodiment of the present invention base
Quasi- voltage VREF source circuits include:
Biasing circuit 1, including the first NMOS tube MN1, the second NMOS tube MN2 and first resistor R1, second NMOS tube
Channel width-over-length ratio of the channel width-over-length ratio of MN2 more than the first NMOS tube MN1, the source ground of the first NMOS tube MN1
The source electrode of GNDA, the second NMOS tube MN2 is grounded GNDA, the leakage of the first NMOS tube MN1 by the first resistor R1
The grid of pole and grid and the second NMOS tube MN2 all connects the first bias voltage NBIAS, the first NMOS tube MN1
Drain electrode connect the first current path, the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2 connects the second current path, the first electric current road
Footpath and second current path mirror image each other;The first current path is made up of PMOS MP1 described in the embodiment of the present invention, institute
The second current path is stated to be made up of PMOS MP2.
The first NMOS tube MN1 and the second NMOS tube MN2 work in subthreshold region, in the first resistor R1
It is poor the first order gate source voltage with positive temperature coefficient to be provided with the connection end of the source electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2, described the
One-level gate source voltage difference is poor for the gate source voltage between the first NMOS tube MN1 and the second NMOS tube MN2.
Gate source voltage difference more than one-level produces circuit, each gate source voltage difference produce circuit include the 3rd NMOS tube,
4th NMOS tube and the 3rd current path, the source electrode of the 4th NMOS tube connect the drain electrode of the 3rd NMOS tube, and described the
The grid of the drain and gate of four NMOS tubes and the 3rd NMOS tube links together and is all connected to the 3rd electric current road
Footpath, the 3rd current path and first current path mirror image each other;The channel width-over-length ratio of the 4th NMOS tube is more than
The channel width-over-length ratio of the 3rd NMOS tube, the source electrode connection previous stage gate source voltage of the 3rd NMOS tube is poor, the first order
The gate source voltage difference produces the previous stage gate source voltage difference of circuit for the first order gate source voltage is poor, the 3rd NMOS tube
With the 4th NMOS tube be all operated in subthreshold region and the 3rd NMOS tube drain electrode output have positive temperature coefficient
When prime gate source voltage it is poor.It is two-stage that the difference of gate source voltage described in the embodiment of the present invention produces the series of circuit, respectively such as void
Shown in wire frame 2a and 2b, the gate source voltage difference produces the 3rd NMOS tube of circuit 2a to be marked with MN3a, and the 4th NMOS tube is used
MN4a is marked, and the 3rd current path is made up of PMOS MP3a;The gate source voltage difference produces the 3rd NMOS tube of circuit 2b to use
MN3b is marked, and the 4th NMOS tube is marked with MN4b, and the 3rd current path is made up of PMOS MP3b.
Reference voltage output circuit 3, including the 5th NMOS tube MN5 and the 4th current path;4th current path and
First current path mirror image each other, the 4th current path is made up of PMOS MP4 in the embodiment of the present invention;Described 5th
The grid of NMOS tube MN5 and drain electrode all connect the 4th current path, and the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS tube MN5 is used as benchmark electricity
The output end of VREF, gate source voltage difference described in the source electrode connection afterbody of the 5th NMOS tube MN5 is pressed to produce circuit institute defeated
The gate source voltage for going out is poor;The 5th NMOS tube MN5 is operated in sub-threshold region has the gate source voltage of the 5th NMOS tube MN5
There is negative temperature coefficient;The reference voltage V REF is the gate source voltage and the gate source voltage at different levels of the 5th NMOS tube MN5
Poor sum, using the gate source voltage of the 5th NMOS tube MN5 there is negative temperature coefficient and the gate source voltage difference at different levels to have
The characteristic of positive temperature coefficient realizes the counteracting of temperature coefficient, makes the reference voltage V REF and temperature unrelated.
Operation principle is described as follows in the embodiment of the present invention:
The present invention is electric by first current path, second current path, the grid source at different levels for convenience of description
It is equal that pressure difference produces the 3rd current path of circuit and the size of current of the 4th current path to be set to, PMOS MP1,
The source electrode of MP2, MP3a, MP3b and MP4 is all supply voltage VDDA, and grid all links together and connects PBIAS, and it is electric current to drain
The output end in path, PMOS MP1, MP2, MP3a, MP3b and the setting of MP4 are set to identical then may be such that first electric current
Path, second current path, the 3rd current path and the 4th electric current of the gate source voltage difference generation circuit at different levels
The size of current in path is equal.
First, compare and understood shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the biasing circuit 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is identical with available circuit, so
Equally have:The voltage difference at resistance R1 two ends is, the gate source voltage V of NMOS tube MN1GS1With the gate source voltage V of NMOS tube MN2GS2's
Difference, i.e.,:
VR1=VGS1-VGS2----------------------(2a);
The ratio of the channel width-over-length ratio of NMOS tube MN2 and the channel width-over-length ratio of NMOS tube MN1 is equally made for N, will by this
The breadth length ratio and ratio N of NMOS tube MN1 and NM2 are updated to formula (1) and are updated to formula (2a) and can obtain:
Understand, therefore VR1With positive temperature coefficient, V in the embodiment of the present inventionR1First order gate source voltage is poor.
Secondly, gate source voltage difference produces circuit 2a and 2b poor, the respectively V that each provides other two-stage gate source voltageDS3a
And VDS3b, wherein VDS3aIt is the source-drain voltage and V of NMOS tube MN3aDS3bIt is the source-drain voltage of NMOS tube MN3b.Assuming that NMOS tube
The breadth length ratio of MN4a is N1 times of NMOS tube MN3a, and the breadth length ratio of NMOS tube MN4b is N2 times of NMOS tube MN3b, then have:
VDS3aFormula be:
VDS3a=VGS3a-VGS4a----------------------(2b);
Wherein VGS3aIt is the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN3a, VGS4aIt is the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN4a;
As seen from Figure 2, the source-drain current of NMOS tube MN3a is 3 times of the source-drain current of NMOS tube NM4a, will by this
The breadth length ratio and ratio N1 and current ratio 3 of NMOS tube MN4a and NM3a are accordingly updated to formula (1) and are updated to formula (2b)
Can obtain:
VDS3bFormula be:
VDS3b=VGS3b-VGS4b----------------------(2c);
Wherein VGS3bIt is the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN3b, VGS4bIt is the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN4b;
As seen from Figure 2, the source-drain current of NMOS tube MN3b is 2 times of the source-drain current of NMOS tube NM4b, will by this
The breadth length ratio and ratio N1 and current ratio 2 of NMOS tube MN4b and NM3b are accordingly updated to formula (1) and are updated to formula (2c)
Can obtain:
As shown in Figure 2, the formula of the reference voltage V REF for finally exporting is:
VREF=VR1+VDS3a+VDS3b+VGS5--------------------(4)。
Wherein VGS5It is the gate source voltage of NMOS tube MN5.
From formula (4), VR1, VDS3a, VDS3bAll it is operate on two gate source voltages of NMOS tube of subthreshold region
Difference, with positive temperature coefficient;And VGS5The gate source voltage of the NMOS tube of subthreshold region is operate on, with negative temperature
Degree coefficient, both can cancel out each other so that the reference voltage V REF and temperature that export are unrelated.Relative to existing shown in Fig. 1
Structure is that the embodiment of the present invention passes through multistage gate source voltage difference and raise the source voltage of NMOS tube MN5 and make NMOS tube MN5
Pressure threshold region is worked in, so the embodiment of the present invention can save the resistance R102 shown in the output circuit in a Fig. 1,
Therefore the embodiment of the present invention can save resistance, so as to reduce circuit area.
Emulation experiment shows that resistance needed for embodiment of the present invention circuit is 231.5K Europe, and the existing structure shown in Fig. 1 is
1012.9K Europe, so can greatly reduce area.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also reduce the power consumption of circuit, reason is:Compare and understood shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this hair
Bright first resistor R1 and the voltage at the resistance R101 two ends of existing structure are identicals, namely both electric currents are also identical, this
Gate source voltage difference generation circuit 2a, 2b and reference voltage output circuit 3 of inventive embodiments can be input in first resistor R1,
Namely the electric current of first resistor R1 is dispersed on each bar branch road, reference voltage output circuit and gate source voltage at different levels difference are produced
Circuit will not bring extra power consumption, and outgoing route where PMOS MP102, resistance R102 and NMOS tube MN103 in Fig. 1
Extra power consumption is needed, therefore the present invention can also reduce the power consumption of circuit.Emulation shows that the power consumption of the embodiment of the present invention is:
346.7nA, and the existing structure shown in Fig. 1 is 819.1nA, therefore the power consumption of the embodiment of the present invention is reduced really.
The present invention has been described in detail above by specific embodiment, but these are not constituted to limit of the invention
System.Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make many deformations and improvement, and these also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of reference voltage source circuit, it is characterised in that including:
Biasing circuit, including the first NMOS tube, the second NMOS tube and first resistor, the channel width-over-length ratio of second NMOS tube are big
In the channel width-over-length ratio of first NMOS tube, the source ground of first NMOS tube, the source electrode of second NMOS tube leads to
Cross first resistor ground connection, the grid of the drain and gate of first NMOS tube and second NMOS tube all connects the
One bias voltage, the drain electrode of first NMOS tube connects the first current path, the drain electrode connection second of second NMOS tube
Current path, first current path and second current path mirror image each other;First NMOS tube and described second
NMOS tube works in subthreshold region, and being provided in the connection end of the first resistor and the source electrode of second NMOS tube has just
The first order gate source voltage of temperature coefficient is poor, and the first order gate source voltage difference is first NMOS tube and the 2nd NMOS
Gate source voltage between pipe is poor;
Gate source voltage difference generation circuit more than one-level, each gate source voltage difference generation circuit includes the 3rd NMOS tube, the 4th
NMOS tube and the 3rd current path, the source electrode of the 4th NMOS tube connect the drain electrode of the 3rd NMOS tube, the described 4th
The grid of the drain and gate of NMOS tube and the 3rd NMOS tube links together and is all connected to the 3rd current path,
3rd current path and first current path mirror image each other;The channel width-over-length ratio of the 4th NMOS tube is more than described
The channel width-over-length ratio of the 3rd NMOS tube, the 3rd NMOS tube source electrode connection previous stage gate source voltage it is poor, the first order it is described
Gate source voltage difference produces the previous stage gate source voltage difference of circuit for the first order gate source voltage is poor, the 3rd NMOS tube and institute
State the 4th NMOS tube and be all operated in subthreshold region and in drain electrode output the working as with positive temperature coefficient of the 3rd NMOS tube
Prime gate source voltage is poor;
Reference voltage output circuit, including the 5th NMOS tube and the 4th current path;4th current path and described first
Current path mirror image each other;The grid of the 5th NMOS tube and drain electrode all connect the 4th current path, the described 5th
The drain electrode of NMOS tube as reference voltage output end, the 5th NMOS tube source electrode connection afterbody described in gate source voltage
Difference produces the gate source voltage that circuit is exported poor;5th NMOS tube is operated in sub-threshold region makes the grid of the 5th NMOS tube
Source voltage has negative temperature coefficient;The reference voltage is the gate source voltage and the gate source voltage at different levels of the 5th NMOS tube
Poor sum, using the gate source voltage of the 5th NMOS tube there is negative temperature coefficient and the gate source voltage difference at different levels to have positive warm
The characteristic for spending coefficient realizes the counteracting of temperature coefficient, makes the reference voltage and temperature unrelated.
2. reference voltage source circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:First current path, second electricity
Flow path, the gate source voltage difference at different levels produce the 3rd current path and the 4th current path of circuit all by a PMOS
Pipe is constituted, and the grid of each PMOS links together and realizes mirror.
3. reference voltage source circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:First current path, described second
Current path, the gate source voltage difference at different levels produce the 3rd current path of circuit and the size of current of the 4th current path
It is equal.
4. reference voltage source circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The gate source voltage difference produces the series of circuit
It is two-stage.
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CN109947165A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-28 | 敦泰电子有限公司 | Voltage reference source circuit and low-power dissipation power supply system |
CN111381625B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-05-20 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Reference source circuit |
CN112198921B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-06-21 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Reference voltage source circuit |
CN115220515A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Voltage reference circuit, component and equipment |
CN113296571B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-22 | 上海南麟集成电路有限公司 | Reference voltage source circuit |
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CN102662427A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-12 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Voltage source circuit |
CN103440013A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏物联网研究发展中心 | Band-gap reference voltage source structure without passive elements based on standard CMOS technology |
CN104156026A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | Non-resistance and total temperature compensation non-band-gap reference source |
CN105404351A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-16 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | Current bias circuit |
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