CN105747075A - 一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及绿色食品保鲜技术领域,具体涉及一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,步骤如下:(1)豆腐柴果胶冻预处理:将新加工成型的豆腐柴果胶冻低温放置24h充分出水,根据包装盒大小切成不同体积的小块;(2)其他材料预处理:包装盒和封口膜用紫外灯照射灭菌,浸泡液和贮存液用滤膜过滤除菌;(3)浸泡液浸泡:将小块豆腐柴果胶冻在浸泡液中浸泡;(4)贮存液贮存:将浸泡后的豆腐柴果胶冻放入包装盒内并加入贮存液;(5)包装盒密封:将装有豆腐柴果胶冻和贮存液的包装盒用带有紫外灯的高温封口机密封;(6)储存:在低温或常温下储存。本发明不仅提供了一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,而且可以改善豆腐柴果胶冻的口感品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及绿色食品保鲜方法,具体涉及一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法。
背景技术
豆腐柴,学名腐婢,系马鞭科豆腐柴属的多年生落叶灌木,是一种药食同源性植物。将豆腐柴新鲜叶榨汁后加入草木灰澄清液可制得色泽青翠的胶冻状“豆腐柴果胶冻”,豆腐柴果胶冻是新安江流域的特色产品,色美味香,以其为主要原料可烹饪出多种豆腐柴果胶冻佳肴。分析表明豆腐柴果胶冻具有很高的营养和保健价值,其中含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、纤维素、维生素、脂肪酸和果胶,经常食用豆腐柴果胶冻能达到降血糖、降血脂、清热解毒、醒酒保肝的保健效果。但是,豆腐柴果胶冻中丰富的营养物质也为微生物的生长繁殖创造了条件,在常温下新鲜豆腐柴果胶冻的保质期一般只有2~3天,在炎热的夏天保质期只有1~2天。
豆腐柴果胶冻是一种纯天然绿色食品,不含食品添加剂和防腐剂,由于缺乏合适的保鲜方法,豆腐柴果胶冻一直没能走向全国市场。食品生产领域使用的保鲜方法有巴氏消毒法、高压蒸汽灭菌法、添加化学防腐剂、高压灭菌法和微波灭菌法。其中巴氏消毒法和高压蒸汽灭菌法的原理都是通过较高的温度杀灭食品中的微生物,但成型后的豆腐柴果胶冻耐热性较差,经高温处理后不仅颜色由悦目的翠绿色变为黄褐色甚至黑色,而且质地也由滑嫩爽口变得干涩粗糙,严重影响了豆腐柴果胶冻的色泽和口感;化学防腐法是通过在食品中加入山梨酸钾、壳聚糖等防腐剂来达到抑制微生物生长的目的,豆腐柴果胶冻的整个生产过程中都没有使用食品添加剂,是一种纯天然绿色食品,如果使用化学防腐剂保鲜就破坏了其纯天然绿色的特性,更重要的是含有添加剂的食品存在着影响消费者健康的隐患,而且现在食品问题层出不穷,使用食品添加剂很容易引起消费者的抵触情绪,影响产品的销售;目前高压灭菌法和微波灭菌法的技术路线还没有成熟,尚处于研究阶段,而且对设备的要求很高,不适合中小型食品生产企业使用。目前虽然有很多关于豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜的研究,但豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜问题一直没有得到很好的解决,迄今尚未见过采用食用酒精保鲜豆腐柴果胶冻的报道。
发明内容
当今食品安全问题日益凸显,开发纯天然绿色食品已经成为食品领域的一个热门研究课题。纯天然就是食品从原料处理到加工再到包装的整个过程都是纯天然的绿色的,不使用任何食品添加剂,豆腐柴果胶冻的制作符合纯天然绿色的要求。豆腐柴果胶冻是通过豆腐柴叶汁中高浓度的低酯果胶和草木灰澄清液中的2价金属离子相互作用而胶凝成型,其主要成分是豆腐柴果胶聚合物。
试验表明果胶在高浓度酒精中会形成沉淀,根据这一原理,把豆腐柴果胶冻在高浓度的酒精中浸泡一段时间后能在其表面能形成一层结构致密、微生物不容易生长的薄层,而且高浓度的酒精本身就有消毒作用,进一步加强了豆腐柴果胶冻的保鲜能力。微生物在低浓度的酒精中生长缓慢,果胶在低浓度的酒精中不容易形成沉淀,且低浓度酒精的脱水能力较弱,因此将高浓度酒精浸泡后的豆腐柴果胶冻贮存在低浓度的酒精中,以延长豆腐柴果胶冻的保鲜时间。
根据这些原理发明了一种新的豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,本发明采用如下方案完成:(1)豆腐柴果胶冻预处理:将新加工成型的豆腐柴果胶冻在低温条件下放置24h让其充分出水,出水后的豆腐柴果胶冻根据包装盒大小切成不同体积的小块;(2)其他材料预处理:包装盒和封口膜用紫外线照射灭菌,浸泡液和贮存液用滤膜负压过滤除菌;(3)浸泡液浸泡:将小块豆腐柴果胶冻在浸泡液中浸泡;(4)贮存液贮存:将浸泡后的豆腐柴果胶冻放入包装盒中并加入贮存液;(5)包装盒密封:将装有豆腐柴果胶冻和贮存液的包装盒用带有紫外灯的高温封口机密封;(6)储存:密封后的豆腐柴果胶冻可在低温或常温下储存。经上述方法处理后的豆腐柴果胶冻在25℃条件下能放置10~15天,在4℃条件下能放置1~2个月,而且豆腐柴果胶冻混合了酒的香味和其自身的青草香味,形成了一种怡人的清香味。
本发明的关键技术在于浸泡液浓度的确定、浸泡时间的确定、浸泡液与豆腐柴果胶冻比例的确定、贮存液浓度的确定以及贮存液与豆腐柴果胶冻的比例确定。如果浸泡液的浓度过高、浸泡时间过长、浸泡液与豆腐柴果胶冻的比例过大就会导致豆腐柴果胶冻过度脱水,在其表面形成很厚的致密层,而且内部也会变得稀软,严重破坏豆腐柴果胶冻的品质;如果贮存液浓度过高或者贮存液与豆腐柴果胶冻的比例过大,会加快豆腐柴果胶冻的脱水速度,引起脱水变质;如果贮存液浓度太低或者贮存液与豆腐柴果胶冻的比例太小,不能有效的抑制微生物的生长,达不到保鲜效果。
与现有技术相比本发明具有如下优点:(1)不添加化学防腐剂,保证了产品纯天然绿色的特性,不存在影响消费者健康的隐患;(2)不仅能达到保鲜的效果,而且将酒香和豆腐柴果胶冻自身的香味混合在一起形成一种怡人的清香,改善了产品的品质。(3)不改变产品的原有色泽,保持了豆腐柴果胶冻特有的天然绿色;(4)不需要经过高温灭菌,无需投入加热设备,节约能源,是一种成本低、操作简单的绿色食品保鲜方法。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。本发明的特点和优点将随着描述而更清楚,但示例性的实施例仅仅用来说明本发明,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。
实施例一
步骤1豆腐柴果胶冻预处理:将新加工成型的豆腐柴果胶冻在4℃条件下放置24h让其充分出水,出水后的豆腐柴果胶冻切成长×宽×高为9.0×8.0×3.5cm3的小块;
步骤2其他材料预处理:包装盒和封口膜用紫外灯照射25min,浸泡液和贮存液用孔径为0.22μm的有机系微孔滤膜在真空度0.1MPa条件下过滤除菌;
步骤3浸泡液浸泡:将切好的小块豆腐柴果胶冻按照豆腐柴果胶冻︰浸泡液(75%食用酒精)=3︰1(g︰ml)在浸泡液中浸泡30min;
步骤4贮存液贮存:将浸泡后的小块豆腐柴果胶冻放入包装盒内,并按照豆腐柴果胶冻︰浸泡液(5%食用酒精)=1︰1(g︰ml)在包装盒中加入贮存液。
步骤5包装盒密封:将装有豆腐柴果胶冻和贮存液的包装盒用带有紫外灯的高温封口机密封;
步骤6储存:密封后的豆腐柴果胶冻在常温下储存。
经上述方法处理的豆腐柴果胶冻在25℃条件下的保质期为15天左右,并且在保质期内能很好的保持其天然翠绿色,开封后散发出怡人的香味。
实施例二
步骤1豆腐柴果胶冻预处理:将新加工成型的豆腐柴果胶冻在4℃条件下放置24h让其充分出水,出水后的豆腐柴果胶冻切成长×宽×高为9.0×8.0×3.5cm3的小块;
步骤2其他材料预处理:包装盒和封口膜用紫外灯照射30min,浸泡液和贮存液用孔径为0.45μm的有机系微孔滤膜在真空度0.1MPa条件下过滤除菌;
步骤3浸泡液浸泡:将切好的小块豆腐柴果胶冻按照豆腐柴果胶冻︰浸泡液(73%食用酒精)=3.5︰1(g︰ml)在浸泡液中浸泡25min;
步骤4贮存液贮存:将浸泡后的小块豆腐柴果胶冻放入包装盒内,并按照豆腐柴果胶冻︰浸泡液(10%食用酒精)=1.5︰1(g︰ml)在包装盒中加入贮存液。
步骤5包装盒密封:将装有豆腐柴果胶冻和贮存液的包装盒用带有紫外灯的高温封口机密封;
步骤6储存:密封后的豆腐柴果胶冻在低温下储存。
经上述方法处理的豆腐柴果胶冻在4℃条件下的保质期为60天左右,并且在保质期内能很好的保持其天然翠绿色,开封后散发出怡人的香味。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)豆腐柴果胶冻预处理:将新加工成型的豆腐柴果胶冻在低温条件下放置24h让其充分出水,出水后的豆腐柴果胶冻根据包装盒大小切成不同体积的小块;
(2)其他材料预处理:包装盒和封口膜用紫外灯照射灭菌,浸泡液和贮存液用滤膜负压过滤除菌;
(3)浸泡液浸泡:将小块豆腐柴果胶冻在浸泡液中浸泡;
(4)贮存液贮存:将浸泡后的豆腐柴果胶冻放入包装盒中并加入贮存液;
(5)包装盒密封:将装有豆腐柴果胶冻和贮存液的包装盒用带有紫外灯的高温封口机密封;
(6)储存:密封后的豆腐柴果胶冻可在低温或常温下储存。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中低温条件为0~8℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中包装盒和封口膜的紫外灯照射时间为20~30min,浸泡液和贮存液用孔径为0.22μm或0.45μm的有机系滤膜负压过滤除菌,负压条件为0.1MPa真空度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中浸泡液为体积分数70%~75%的食用酒精;浸泡液用量为豆腐柴果胶冻︰浸泡液=3~4︰1(g︰ml),浸泡时间为10~30min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种豆腐柴果胶冻保鲜方法,其特征在于步骤(4)中贮存液为体积分数5%~15%的食用酒精;贮存液用量为豆腐柴果胶冻︰贮存液=0.5~1.5︰1(g︰ml)。
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