CN105746181A - Nursery stock bud-to-bud grafting method - Google Patents
Nursery stock bud-to-bud grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746181A CN105746181A CN201610132589.XA CN201610132589A CN105746181A CN 105746181 A CN105746181 A CN 105746181A CN 201610132589 A CN201610132589 A CN 201610132589A CN 105746181 A CN105746181 A CN 105746181A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention relates to a nursery stock bud-to-bud grafting method and particularly relates to a bud-to-bud grafting method suitable for gingko trees. A new grafting technology system that lateral buds or terminal buds of scions are cut and then are used as grafting objects, terminal buds or lateral buds of nursery stocks are cut and then are used as grafting carriers, and a common grafting method is referred is utilized; and the growth of grafted young sprouts is vigorous and the grafting survival rate is very high. With the adoption of the grafting method provided by the invention, the grafting average survival rate of gingkoes can reach 99%; the growth of the grafted young sprouts is vigorous, and the grafted young sprouts are healthy and ordered and can be delivered at the next year; the applicable time is long and the young sprouts can be grafted from the last ten-day period of February to October; and the grafting method has a wide applicable range and is also applicable to nursery stocks of Chinese chestnuts, persimmons, peaches, grapes, flowers and the like besides the gingkoes.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nursery stock bud to bud engrafting method, especially a kind of bud suitable in ginkgo is to bud engrafting method.
(2) background technology
Grafting is namely on stem to another kind of plant of the branch of a kind of plant or bud grafting or root, and making this, two-part to hinder face close so that it is hyperplasia, healing grows up to the process of a strain whole plant each other.It is used for the plant received, is called stock；The branch connected or bud, be called scion.Grafting belongs to nourishing and generating in asexual propagation, grafting can keep the merit of scion plant variety, other favourable advantages of its stock can be utilized again, improve the ability of species yield, plant disease and insect resistance of improving the breed, can improve, the economic worth of plant can also be improved simultaneously.
Currently for the grafting and breeding of commodity nursery stock due to the impact by many factors, graft survival rate is often very low, not only nursery stock development being defined certain restriction, and cause drawback, one is repeatedly mend grafting, the cultivation period of commercial seedling is elongated, makes seedling cost be greatly improved；Two is the best period having postponed commercial seedling listing, causes that nursery stock selling price is on the low side, economic benefit is not high.
Semen Ginkgo is being subject to increasing attention as viewing and admiring to afforest with Medicinal species recently, and the research of these seeds is related to the aspect such as cultivation management and Clonal regeneration already.At present in the nursery of Semen Ginkgo, based on seminal propagation, the vegetative manner such as grafting and cuttage is as auxiliary and supplements.The grafting of Semen Ginkgo is mainly used in preserving breeding or merit, breed selection, the dwarfing early aspect such as reality and Semen Ginkgo high yield, grafting method about Semen Ginkgo has multiple at present, including cleft grafting, cut-grafting, abdomen cut-grafting, cortex grafting, insert the modes such as skin whip graft, plate budding, grafting time, based on spring, takes different grafting methods to be to ensure that the main cause of Semen Ginkgo asexual propagation survival rate according to the difference of practical situation.
(3) summary of the invention
After the present invention solves tradition engrafting method consuming fringe bar and grafting, scion grows problem vigorous not, the graft technology of a kind of improvement is provided, i.e. " bud is to bud " engrafting method, this kind of improving technology makes the utilization rate of scion significantly improve, and grafting method is various, it is vigorous that grafting is followed by spike length gesture, is particularly suited for breeding the Ginkgo biloba germplasm of preciousness.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of nursery stock bud is to bud engrafting method, and described method includes:
1. choose stock: select 1～5 year raw seedling as stock；
2. scion collection: choose robust growth without pest and disease damage ginkgo, gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of full, the life in 1～3 year of reaching maturity as scion；Green branch grafting, with adopting with connecing, is cut blade and is retained 1～2cm and come into leaves handle, and base portion inserts standby in water connecing；Or scion clip is sealed with wax and is tiltedly put in cellar or 4 DEG C of seed cabinets and preserves, grafting in half a year；
3. scion processes: choose a bud (terminal bud or lateral bud, owing to terminal bud is less, generally choose lateral bud) from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
4. stock processes: select first lateral bud below terminal bud, from the vertical partial application downward vertically of terminal bud central authorities, the edge of a knife by lateral bud from each half in median chorisis left and right, incision length 3～5cm, slightly longer than scion face；If stock terminal bud is thin and delicate, the lateral bud of the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, then from each half in median chorisis left and right；
5. grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts the stock bud (terminal bud or the lateral bud that are divided into two, also can a grafting lateral bud, now terminal bud is only with plastic sheeting bondage) in the middle of, scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tight from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape and sealed by section on scion bud；The spring grafting time be late Febuary～early April, the green branch grafting time be mid-June～mid-October；
6. managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: to remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lighten restrictions on and tie up the tip: lightening restrictions on before early June during spring grafting, lightening restrictions in 2 months after grafting of green branch grafting；What new slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, ties up directly with nylon rope；
3. weeding and fertilising: scientific management soil moisture, weeds with a hoe, and thin fertile duty is executed.
The be suitable for nursery stock of this graft technology is Semen Ginkgo, Fructus Kaki, Fructus Persicae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, flowers and melon etc..
The present invention is inventor to be put into practice through the grafting of more than 20 years, find out survival rate high especially, newly slightly grow vigorous, throughout the year can grafting, " bud is to bud " grafting new method suitable in various engrafting methods, be utilize the lateral bud of fringe bar or terminal bud by after cutting as grafting object, as grafting carrier after passing through cutting using the terminal bud of stock or lateral bud, using for reference conventional engrafting method and carry out a kind of new graft technology system of grafting, after grafting, young sprout growth is vigorous, and graft survival rate is significantly high.
Concrete, when described nursery stock is Semen Ginkgo, described method includes:
(1) stock is chosen: select 1～5 year raw Semen Ginkgo seedling as stock；
(2) scion collection: choose robust growth without pest and disease damage Semen Ginkgo as scion-seed tree, gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of full, the life in 1～3 year of reaching maturity as scion；Green branch grafting, with adopting with connecing, is cut blade and is retained 1～2cm and come into leaves handle, and base portion inserts standby in water connecing；Or scion clip is sealed with wax and is tiltedly put in cellar or 4 DEG C of seed cabinets and preserves, grafting in half a year；
(3) scion processes: choose a bud (terminal bud or lateral bud) from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: select first lateral bud below terminal bud, from the vertical partial application downward vertically of terminal bud central authorities, the edge of a knife by lateral bud from each half in median chorisis left and right, incision length 3～5cm, slightly longer than scion face；If stock terminal bud is thin and delicate, the lateral bud of the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, then from each half in median chorisis left and right；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；The spring grafting time be late Febuary～early April, the green branch grafting time be mid-June～mid-October；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: to remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lighten restrictions on and tie up the tip: lightening restrictions on before early June of spring grafting, lightening restrictions in 2 months after grafting of green branch grafting；What new slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, adopts 8-shaped appropriateness to tie up directly with nylon rope；
3. weeding and fertilising: scientific management soil moisture, weeds with a hoe, and thin fertile duty is executed.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows: adopt engrafting method of the present invention, the grafting average survival of Semen Ginkgo is up to 99%, and after grafting, young sprout growth is vigorous, and healthy and strong neat, Second Year can go out garden, and the applicable time is long, from late Febuary to 10 monthly can grafting；This engrafting method is applied widely, and outside desilver Fructus Pruni, the nursery stock such as Semen Castaneae, Fructus Kaki, Fructus Persicae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, flowers is also applicable.
(4) detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to that:
Embodiment 1:
The bud adopted is as follows to bud engrafting method:
(1) stock is chosen: select 3 years raw Semen Ginkgo seedlings as stock；
(2) scion collection: gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of the Cultivars of Ginkgo biloba L of full, the life in 1～2 year of reaching maturity as scion；Adopt the fringe time be mid or late Febuary～early March, the scion bottom oblique cutting adopted enters to be put in cellar, then grafting mid-March in wet sand temporarily；
(3) scion processes: choose terminal bud from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: select first lateral bud below terminal bud, from the vertical partial application downward vertically of terminal bud central authorities, the edge of a knife by lateral bud from each half in median chorisis left and right, incision length 3～5cm, slightly longer than scion face；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lightening restrictions on and tie up the tip: late May lightens restrictions on, what newly slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, adopts 8-shaped appropriateness to tie up directly with nylon rope；
Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve town, Linan City of Zhejiang Province Semen Ginkgo village grafting 5000 strain Semen Ginkgo, including rattan nine youth, Jin Bingwei, gold ball, the south of the Five Ridges, Ginkgo biloba Linn.cv.Dongtinghuang., Sunyu, chief's gold, eight, ridge, garden kind, check that survival rate only has 4 strains and do not survive June.
Embodiment 2:
The bud adopted is as follows to bud engrafting method:
(1) stock is chosen: select 2 years raw Semen Ginkgo seedlings as stock；
(2) scion collection: choose robust growth without pest and disease damage Gu ginkgo, gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of full, the life in 1 year of reaching maturity as scion；Adopt the fringe time be mid or late October～late December, scion put into after sealing with wax in 4 DEG C of seed cabinets preserve, grafting mid-March next year；
(3) scion processes: choose a lateral bud of terminal bud bottom from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: because stock terminal bud is thin and delicate, and the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, and then from each half in median chorisis left and right, otch is slightly longer than scion wedge-formed incision；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lightening restrictions on and tie up the tip: early June lightens restrictions on, what newly slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, adopts 8-shaped appropriateness to tie up directly with nylon rope；
3. weeding and fertilising: weed with a hoe, thin fertile duty is executed.
Entrusted by Forest Tree Genetic Breeding seminar of forest-science academy of Zhejiang Province, utilizing above-mentioned bud to bud graft technology grafting Gu Ginkgo biloba germplasm scion more than 600 branch, amount to grafting 680 strain at forest-science academy of Zhejiang Province nursery lot, final only 8 strains do not survive, because of dead 5 strains of stock in this 8 strain, statistics survival rate is up to 98.8%.
Embodiment 3:
The bud adopted is as follows to bud engrafting method:
(1) stock is chosen: select 2～4 years uncooked chestnuts, peach tree and Semen Ginkgo seedling as stock；
(2) scion collection: gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of full, the Semen Castaneae of life in 1～2 year of reaching maturity, peach tree and Cultivars of Ginkgo biloba L as scion；Adopt the fringe time be early Febuary～mid-March, the scion adopted sponge moisturizing is put in 4 DEG C of refrigerators temporarily, late March grafting then；
(3) scion processes: choose a lateral bud of terminal bud bottom from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: because stock terminal bud differs in size, what have is very thin and delicate, therefore the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, and then from each half in median chorisis left and right, otch is slightly longer than scion wedge-formed incision；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: remove the whole rudiments sent on stock in time in 3～August then；
2. lighten restrictions on and tie up the tip: early or mid June lightens restrictions in batches；
3. weeding and fertilising: weed with a hoe, water in time.
Entrusted by forest farm, Zhoushan Islands Daishan County, Zhejiang Province, 2～4 years uncooked chestnuts of forest farm, Daishan County grafting garden grafting 15300 strain, peach tree and Semen Ginkgo, JIUYUE statistics survival rate then, found that the same seeds stock age is more big, survival rate is more high, scion band bud survival rate is higher than leaf bud, and young sprout growing way is very vigorous, total survival rate about 95%.
Claims (3)
1. nursery stock bud is to a bud engrafting method, and described method includes:
(1) stock is chosen: select 1～5 year raw seedling as stock；
(2) scion collection: choose robust growth without pest and disease damage nursery stock, gathers the branch of full, the life in 1～3 year of reaching maturity as scion；Green branch grafting, with adopting with connecing, is cut blade and is retained 1～2cm and come into leaves handle, and base portion inserts standby in water connecing；Or scion clip is sealed with wax and is tiltedly put in cellar or 4 DEG C of seed cabinets and preserves, grafting in half a year；
(3) scion processes: choose a bud from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: select first lateral bud below terminal bud, by lateral bud from each half in median chorisis left and right, incision length 3～5cm；If stock terminal bud is thin and delicate, the lateral bud of the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, then from each half in median chorisis left and right；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: to remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lighten restrictions on and tie up the tip: lightening restrictions on before early June during spring grafting, lightening restrictions in 2 months after grafting of green branch grafting；What new slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, ties up directly with nylon rope；
3. weeding and fertilising: scientific management soil moisture, weeds with a hoe, and thin fertile duty is executed.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described nursery stock is Semen Ginkgo, Semen Castaneae, Fructus Kaki, Fructus Persicae, Fructus Vitis viniferae and flowers.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described nursery stock is Semen Ginkgo, and described method includes:
(1) stock is chosen: select 1～5 year raw Semen Ginkgo seedling as stock；
(2) scion collection: choose robust growth without pest and disease damage ginkgo as scion-seed tree, gather tree crown periphery on the sunny side and the branch of full, the life in 1～3 year of reaching maturity as scion；Green branch grafting, with adopting with connecing, is cut blade and is retained 1～2cm and come into leaves handle, and base portion inserts standby in water connecing；Or scion clip is sealed with wax and is tiltedly put in cellar or 4 DEG C of seed cabinets and preserves, grafting in half a year；
(3) scion processes: choose a bud from scion, and bottom bud, respectively prune the 1/4 bud heart staying middle 1/2 one-tenth positive wedge shape in two sides, it is desirable to straight, smooth, do not peel；
(4) stock processes: select first lateral bud below terminal bud, by lateral bud from each half in median chorisis left and right, incision length 3～5cm；If stock terminal bud is thin and delicate, the lateral bud of the position that choosing is following and scion is thick equally, on lateral bud, 1cm place cuts off top branch, then from each half in median chorisis left and right；
(5) grafting: the bud heart that scion bud reams both sides inserts in the middle of the stock bud that is divided into two, and scion bud aligns with stock Buds formation layer, tightly and seals section on scion bud from 1cm up colligation below wound with plastic film tape；The spring grafting time be late Febuary～early April, the green branch grafting time be mid-June～mid-October；
(6) managing after grafting:
1. bud picking is sprouted with removing: to remove the whole rudiments and foundation sprout tillers that send on stock in time in the whole season of growth；
2. lighten restrictions on and tie up the tip: lightening restrictions on before early June of spring grafting, lightening restrictions in 2 months after grafting of green branch grafting；What new slightly vigorous spreading angle was big founds bamboo pole on trunk side, adopts 8-shaped appropriateness to tie up directly with nylon rope；
3. weeding and fertilising: scientific management soil moisture, weeds with a hoe, and thin fertile duty is executed.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182557A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-22 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of ginkgo |
| CN107371827A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of Chinese chestnut engrafting method |
| CN108651031A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-16 | 文成县彩叶树绿化苗木专业合作社 | A method of gold leaf ginkgo being grafted on ginkgo growing directly from seeds |
| CN108934509A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 岳西县悠然生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of grape green branch grafting |
| CN111011020A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 滁州联润生态农业发展有限公司 | Grafting method for seedling planting |
| CN112273088A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 广东龙飞生物有限公司 | Treatment method before fruit tree stock grafting |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182557A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-22 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of ginkgo |
| CN107371827A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of Chinese chestnut engrafting method |
| CN108651031A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-16 | 文成县彩叶树绿化苗木专业合作社 | A method of gold leaf ginkgo being grafted on ginkgo growing directly from seeds |
| CN108934509A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 岳西县悠然生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of grape green branch grafting |
| CN111011020A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 滁州联润生态农业发展有限公司 | Grafting method for seedling planting |
| CN112273088A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 广东龙飞生物有限公司 | Treatment method before fruit tree stock grafting |
| CN112273088B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-08-04 | 广东龙飞生物有限公司 | Treatment method for fruit tree stock before grafting |
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