CN105676682A - System, device and method of adjusting crop fertilization according to illumination intensity accumulation and illumination intensity accumulation difference - Google Patents
System, device and method of adjusting crop fertilization according to illumination intensity accumulation and illumination intensity accumulation difference Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The present invention provides a system and method of adjusting crop fertilization according to illumination intensity accumulation and illumination intensity accumulation difference. The method comprises a light ray detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilizing module, and an operation method in the central analysis control module is to establish a relationship formula between the illumination intensity data and the fertilization information data, wherein a function formula f represents the corresponding relationship between the illumination intensity accumulation difference and the fertilization information, and the fertilization information comprises the crop relevant information, the fertilizer type, the fertilizer weight, the concentration, etc. According to the present invention, the automatic fertilization operation is carried out to compensate the lack of nutrient elements during the growth process of the crops under the insufficient illumination intensity accumulation, the labor cost is saved, the illumination condition is detected automatically, the automatic fertilization is realized, the growth and development and the morphologic formation of the crops are adjusted automatically, a culture cycle is shortened, the quality is improved, and the energy consumption and cost can be reduced substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop fertilization field, specifically refer to a kind of system and Apparatus for () and method therefor adjusting crop fertilization according to light accumulated amount and light accumulated amount difference.
Background technology
Photosynthesis is a kind of photochemical reaction process, light not still photosynthetic power, but also regulate the activity of photosynthetic enzyme and the aperture of Stoma of Leaves, therefore light directly governs the height of photosynthetic rate, illumination condition includes the factors such as intensity of illumination, light quality, light application time, the impact on the photosynthesis own profound of plant of these factors, the photosynthetic rate of plant can be produced a very large impact by intensity of illumination. All green plantss just must can carry out photosynthesis in the sun, and the increase of plant weight is closely related with light application time length. Various organs in plant and tissue can keep normal rates developmentally, are also directly associated with certain light application time length. The growth of Illumination on Plant also has a significant impact, and flowering of plant many, solid many, first has to bud many, and the number of bud is directly related with light application time length.
Along with deepening continuously to photosynthesis of plant physiological Mechanism, people utilize artificial light source to mend according to carrying out plant culture to break through the limitation of productive life under natural conditions at more weak in natural lighting or that light application time is shorter time that begins one's study gradually. Utilize artificial light source to carry out the Illumination adjusting of facility cultivation, form regulates is one of the important measures of plant factor environment regulation and control.
CN201310511625.X discloses the light compensation method of a kind of warmhouse booth spectrum on line analysis and Intelligent supplemental lighting system, warmhouse booth spectrum on line is adopted to analyze and Intelligent supplemental lighting system, the structure of this system is: include intensity of illumination harvester, illumination collection and the light filling controller and the controllable LED light filling equipment that are sequentially connected with, illumination collection and light filling controller are communicated to connect with manager and warmhouse booth Intelligent supplemental lighting system parametric controller by Wireless Telecom Equipment, and described illumination collection and light filling controller are also associated with liquid crystal display screen. Although but the light application time compensating plant needs in illumination of this patent disclosure or intensity, the environmental factors required for plant growth or trophic factor is not made up from other aspects.
When plant illumination accumulated amount is not enough, except artificially feed adjusts plant growth environment, the impact of light accumulated amount difference can also be compensated, it is provided that the nutrient substance that plant growing needs, it is possible to keep the fast-growth of plant by supplementary plant nutrient of applying fertilizer, it is bred as plant in a short time, supplement the nutrient that surrounding lacks, it is ensured that the healthy growth of plant, it is possible to make plant look flourishing, trunk is sturdy, meets plant growth needs.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the present invention provides a kind of system adjusting crop fertilization according to light accumulated amount and light accumulated amount difference, it is characterised in that this system includes light detection module, central analysis controls module and automatic fertilization module;
Wherein light detection module comprises light detection equipment, measures the light intensity data under crop local environment;
Central analysis controls module and includes optical information analysis module, computing module, input module, and input module connects optical information analysis module and computing module;
Described optical information analysis module receives light intensity data and carries out cumulative analysis and to calculate light accumulated amount poor, and exports light accumulated amount difference to computing module;
Described computing module is provided with the operational formula between light accumulated amount difference and fertilising information, obtains the fertilising information that matches poor with light accumulated amount according to operational formula, and be transferred to automatic fertilization module;
Described input module includes adjustment input and the light information input of fertilising information parameter;
Automatic fertilization module according to fertilising information to crop fertilization.
Preferably, described light detection equipment includes optical sensor, intensity signal outut device.
Plant can carry out photosynthesis and Repiration, discharges CO by Repiration under dark condition2, along with the increase of intensity of illumination, photosynthetic rate increases accordingly, and when reaching a certain illumination intensity value, the photosynthetic rate of blade is equal to breathing rate, and now intensity of illumination is light compensation point.
Preferably, described smooth accumulated amount difference rank is D=-10～1,
Described D is determined by light accumulated amount difference, it is determined that method is as follows:
D=light accumulated amount is poor, and the computational methods of described smooth accumulated amount difference are as follows:
When light accumulated amount poor≤-10 time, D=-10;
Needed for described crop, average light accumulated amount refers to that crop needs the intensity of illumination daily mean more than cumulant in N days of the light of the light compensation point of crop, wherein N >=2 every day.
Preferably, described smooth accumulated amount difference information is also by being manually entered in advance or obtaining by connecting the Internet; Described it is manually entered that to refer to that staff presets light accumulated amount according to the light intensity situation of following a day or a week poor in advance; The described system being provided with following one day of acquisition automatically or one week light intensity information in optical information analysis module by connecting the Internet acquisition to refer to, this system is connected by wired or wireless mode with the Internet.
Preferably, the operational formula that described central analysis controls in module is:
In described budget formulaRepresent the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant information;
Described operational formula f represents the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant informationAnd the corresponding relation between fertilising information;
Described fertilising information includes fertilizer variety, fertilizer gross weight, concentration, fertilization time and automatic fertilization mode;
D described in operational formula represents that light accumulated amount is poor, wherein-10≤D≤1; Described P represents crop relevant information; Described F represents the kind of fertilizer; Described R represents the part by weight of each kind of described fertilizer; Described W represents the weight of the described every mu of material that applied fertilizer; Described C represents the concentration of fertilizer; Described T represents that fertilization time, fertilization time refer to that reaching light accumulated amount after the recovery starts the time of fertilising, initial time of namely applying fertilizer; Described M represents automatic fertilization mode; Described O represents other fertilising information;
Other fertilising information described include fertilising cycle, automatic fertilization flow;
Wherein P, F, R, W, C, T, M, the O in operational formula can be undertaken manually setting, adjust or preserving by input module before automatic fertilization.
Preferably, described crop relevant information includes crop varieties, crop floor space, plant growth period;
Described crop varieties includes Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Chinese cabbage, Oryza sativa L., Cotton Gossypii;
Described plant growth includes sowing time, seedling stage, florescence, fruiting period, period of maturation period.
Preferably, each automatic fertilization value of information in the optional operational formula prestored before automatic fertilization.
Preferably, described fertilizer variety F includes nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer;
Described nitrogenous fertilizer includes ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia, liquefied ammonia, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate nitrate, carbamide;
Described potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, kainite, monopotassium phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate);
Described phosphate fertilizer includes MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double; two burning phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, granulated phosphate fertilizer, double superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, white phosphorus fertilizer, phosphoric acid fine particle calcium carbonate;
Described azotobacteria fertilizer includes azotobacter fertilizer, Associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria bacterial manure material, compound azotobacteria fertilizer material;
Described organic carbon fertilizer include containing amino acid fertilizer, containing organic acid fertilizer, sugary fertilizer, containing humic acid fertilizer etc. containing organic molecule fertilizer;
Described medium trace element fertilizer includes the fertilizer such as siliceous fertilizer, calcareous fertilisers, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer;
Described fertilization mode M includes deep placement, shallow executes, top application, even execute, stem and leaf surface is executed, broadcast application, bar are excuted a law, perforated method, circulating application method, spraying method, drip irrigation are excuted a law.
Preferably, wherein said smooth accumulated amount differs from 0.5≤D≤1, and the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 1kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more;
When described smooth accumulated amount differs from 0.8≤D≤1, described fertilization time 0≤T≤0.5h, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 10kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more.
Preferably, wherein said smooth accumulated amount difference D≤-1, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 1kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more;
During described smooth accumulated amount difference D≤-5, described fertilization time 0≤T≤0.5h, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 10kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more.
Preferably, described automatic fertilization module includes fertilizer composition auto-scheduling system and automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation or irrigation system;
Described fertilizer composition auto-scheduling system refers to accept central analysis and controls the fertilising information data of device and automatically configure the system of required fertilizer, including Weighing system, stirring system, fertilizer transportation system;
Described automatic fertilization spray irrigation system includes permanent sprinkler system, semi fixation sprinkler irrigation system and movable sprinkler irrigation system;
Described automatic fertilization irrigation system includes drip irrigation system, micro-sprinkler irrigation system, tubelet effluent fill system and infiltrating irrigation system.
The present invention also provides for a kind of according to the fertilizing equipment group of crop problem under low light environment, it is characterised in that include light detection equipment, central analysis controls equipment and automatic fertilization equipment and is sequentially connected with;
Described light detection equipment refers to the equipment of the light intensity measured under crop local environment, and including optical sensor, light information output device, optical sensor connects light information output device by signal;
It is poor that described central analysis control equipment refers to that the light intensity information detected is analyzed obtain light accumulated amount, it is possible to by computing by light accumulated amount difference and fertilising information match, and also can execute the equipment of input fertilizer information parameter and light information data;
Described automatic fertilization equipment refers to accept central analysis and controls the fertilising information data of system output and carry out the system of automatic fertilization operation, forms automatic milk feeder and automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation appliance including fertilizer.
The present invention also provides for applying system or equipment group described above and solves the automatic fertilization method that under low light environment, plant growth is abnormal, and wherein said crop varieties includes Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Chinese cabbage, Oryza sativa L., Cotton Gossypii; Described fertilizer variety includes nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, solving in light accumulated amount deficiency situation, automatic fertilization is to compensate the disappearance of process of crop growth Middle nutrition element;
2, save human cost, automatically detect light conditions, it is achieved automatization applies fertilizer;
3, it is automatically adjusted growth promoter and morphogenesis, the shortening cultivation cycle of crop, improves quality, and energy consumption can be greatly reduced, reduce cost;
4, the method has monitoring and management function, makes Automatic Topdressing System for Pipe in light accumulated amount deficiency situation more intelligent and hommization.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1
Using seedling stage Semen arachidis hypogaeae as experiment crop, adopt the system provided by the invention automatic fertilization problem to solve under Semen arachidis hypogaeae low light environment, system includes light detection module, central analysis controls module and automatic fertilization module;
Light intensity data under light detection measuring apparatus crop local environment, optical information analysis module receives light intensity data and is analyzed with the calculated poor D of smooth accumulated amount being 0.45, and exports the computing module that light accumulated amount difference controls in module to central analysis;
Light accumulated amount difference signal is input to central analysis control module, by computing module light accumulated amount difference and fertilising information between operational formula, obtain the fertilising information that matches poor with light accumulated amount;
According to analyzing result, the relation formula between computing light accumulated amount difference data and fertilising information data:
In described budget formulaRepresent the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant information;
Described operational formula f represents the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant informationAnd the corresponding relation between fertilising information;
Computing obtains the fertilising information poor with light accumulated amount, and in crop relevant information P, selected crop is Semen arachidis hypogaeae, and growth time is seedling stage, and Peanut Crop area is 10 mu, and the D in function formula represents that light accumulated amount is poor, D=0.45 herein
Described F represents the kind of fertilizer, herein F=(organic carbon fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer);
Described R represents the part by weight of each kind of described fertilizer, and R is W hereinOrganic carbon is fertile: WCompound fertilizer: WMedium trace element is fertile=5:1:2;
Described W represents the gross weight of described fertilizer, herein W=40kg;
Described C represents the concentration of fertilizer, herein C=0.4%;
Described T represents fertilization time, starts fertilising, fertilization time T=20 minute herein when illumination reaches light accumulated amount after the recovery 20 minutes;
Described M represents automatic fertilization mode, and M=sprays herein;
Described O represents other fertilising information, does not have other fertilising information herein.
Above-mentioned fertilising information is transferred to automatic fertilization module, and automatic fertilization module to crop fertilization according to fertilising information, forms automatic milk feeder configuration fertilizer by fertilizer, and by automatic fertilization drip irrigation appliance, Peanut Crop is sprayed fertilising.
Table 1 do not share the same light accumulated amount difference when Semen arachidis hypogaeae automatic fertilization information
Table 1 is the fertilising information corresponding when not sharing the same light accumulated amount difference according to Peanut Crop.
Table 2 do not share the same light accumulated amount difference when Chinese cabbage automatic fertilization information
Table 2 is the fertilising information corresponding when not sharing the same light accumulated amount difference according to Chinese cabbage crop.
Embodiment effect shows to solve in light accumulated amount deficiency situation, and automatic fertilization is to compensate the disappearance of process of crop growth Middle nutrition element; Save human cost, automatically detect light conditions, it is achieved automatization applies fertilizer; It is automatically adjusted growth promoter and morphogenesis, the shortening cultivation cycle of crop, improves quality, and energy consumption can be greatly reduced, reduce cost; The method has monitoring and management function, makes Automatic Topdressing System for Pipe in light accumulated amount deficiency situation more intelligent and hommization.
The announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, above-mentioned embodiment can also be modified and revise by those skilled in the art in the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited in detailed description of the invention disclosed and described above, some modifications and changes of invention be should also be as falling in the scope of the claims of the present invention. Although additionally, employ some specific terms in this specification, but these terms are intended merely to convenient explanation, and the present invention does not constitute any restriction.
Claims (13)
1. the system adjusting crop fertilization according to light accumulated amount and light accumulated amount difference, it is characterised in that this system includes light detection module, central analysis controls module and automatic fertilization module;
Wherein light detection module comprises light detection equipment, measures the light intensity data under crop local environment;
Central analysis controls module and includes optical information analysis module, computing module, input module, and input module connects optical information analysis module and computing module;
Described optical information analysis module receives light intensity data and carries out cumulative analysis and to calculate light accumulated amount poor, and exports light accumulated amount difference to computing module;
Described computing module is provided with the operational formula between light accumulated amount difference and fertilising information, obtains the fertilising information that matches poor with light accumulated amount according to operational formula, and be transferred to automatic fertilization module;
Described input module includes adjustment input and the light information input of fertilising information parameter;
Automatic fertilization module according to fertilising information to crop fertilization.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light detection equipment includes optical sensor, intensity signal outut device.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described smooth accumulated amount difference rank is D=-10～1, described D is determined by light accumulated amount difference, it is determined that method is as follows:
D=light accumulated amount is poor, and the computational methods of described smooth accumulated amount difference are as follows:
When light accumulated amount poor≤-10 time, D=-10;
Needed for described crop, average light accumulated amount refers to that crop needs the intensity of illumination daily mean more than cumulant in N days of the light of the light compensation point of crop, wherein N >=2 every day.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described smooth accumulated amount difference information is also by being manually entered in advance or obtaining by connecting the Internet;Described it is manually entered that to refer to that staff presets light accumulated amount according to the light intensity situation of following a day or a week poor in advance; The described system being provided with following one day of acquisition automatically or one week light intensity information in optical information analysis module by connecting the Internet acquisition to refer to, this system is connected by wired or wireless mode with the Internet.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the operational formula that described central analysis controls in module is:
In described budget formulaRepresent the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant information;
Described operational formula f represents the combination of light accumulated amount difference and crop relevant informationAnd the corresponding relation between fertilising information;
Described fertilising information includes fertilizer variety, fertilizer gross weight, concentration, fertilization time and automatic fertilization mode;
D described in operational formula represents that light accumulated amount is poor, wherein-10≤D≤1; Described P represents crop relevant information; Described F represents the kind of fertilizer; Described R represents the part by weight of each kind of described fertilizer; Described W represents the weight of the described every mu of material that applied fertilizer; Described C represents the concentration of fertilizer; Described T represents that fertilization time, fertilization time refer to that reaching light accumulated amount after the recovery starts the time of fertilising, initial time of namely applying fertilizer; Described M represents automatic fertilization mode; Described O represents other fertilising information;
Other fertilising information described include fertilising cycle, automatic fertilization flow;
Wherein P, F, R, W, C, T, M, the O in operational formula can be undertaken manually setting, adjust or preserving by input module before automatic fertilization.
6. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described crop relevant information includes crop varieties, crop floor space, plant growth period;
Described crop varieties includes Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Chinese cabbage, Oryza sativa L., Cotton Gossypii;
Described plant growth includes sowing time, seedling stage, florescence, fruiting period, period of maturation period.
7. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that each automatic fertilization value of information in the optional operational formula prestored before automatic fertilization.
8. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described fertilizer variety F includes nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile;
Described fertilization mode M includes deep placement, shallow executes, top application, even execute, stem and leaf surface is executed, broadcast application, bar are excuted a law, perforated method, circulating application method, spraying method, drip irrigation are excuted a law.
9. system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that wherein said smooth accumulated amount differs from 0.5≤D≤1, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 1kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more;
When described smooth accumulated amount differs from 0.8≤D≤1, described fertilization time 0≤T≤0.5h, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 10kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more.
10. system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that wherein said smooth accumulated amount difference D≤-1, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 1kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more;
During described smooth accumulated amount difference D≤-5, described fertilization time 0≤T≤0.5h, the weight of the every mu of material that applied fertilizer is 10kg≤W≤50kg, fertilizer variety is nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile one or more.
11. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described automatic fertilization module includes fertilizer composition auto-scheduling system and automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation or irrigation system;
Described fertilizer composition auto-scheduling system refers to accept central analysis and controls the fertilising information data of device and automatically configure the system of required fertilizer, including Weighing system, stirring system, fertilizer transportation system;
Described automatic fertilization spray irrigation system includes permanent sprinkler system, semi fixation sprinkler irrigation system and movable sprinkler irrigation system;
Described automatic fertilization irrigation system includes drip irrigation system, micro-sprinkler irrigation system, tubelet effluent fill system and infiltrating irrigation system.
12. one kind according to the fertilizing equipment group of crop problem under low light environment, it is characterised in that include light detection equipment, central analysis controls equipment and automatic fertilization equipment and is sequentially connected with;
Described light detection equipment refers to the equipment of the light intensity measured under crop local environment, and including optical sensor, light information output device, optical sensor connects light information output device by signal;
It is poor that described central analysis control equipment refers to that the light intensity information detected is analyzed obtain light accumulated amount, it is possible to by computing by light accumulated amount difference and fertilising information match, and also can execute the equipment of input fertilizer information parameter and light information data;
Described automatic fertilization equipment refers to accept central analysis and controls the fertilising information data of system output and carry out the system of automatic fertilization operation, forms automatic milk feeder and automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation appliance including fertilizer.
13. the equipment group described in system or 12 solves the automatic fertilization method that under low light environment, plant growth is abnormal described in application claim 1, wherein said crop varieties includes Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen sojae atricolor, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Chinese cabbage, Oryza sativa L., Cotton Gossypii; Described fertilizer variety includes nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, organic carbon is fertile, medium trace element is fertile.
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| US20030019152A1 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-01-30 | Raun William R. | Process for in-season fertilizer nutrient application based on predicted yield potential |
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