CN111543282A - Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil - Google Patents

Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111543282A
CN111543282A CN202010463174.7A CN202010463174A CN111543282A CN 111543282 A CN111543282 A CN 111543282A CN 202010463174 A CN202010463174 A CN 202010463174A CN 111543282 A CN111543282 A CN 111543282A
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nutrient soil
field
special seedling
soil
seedling raising
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金尔昇
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a field-oriented special seedling raising nutrient soil, and a method for culturing field-oriented special seedling raising by using the field-oriented special seedling raising nutrient soil, wherein the nutrient soil comprises a covering matrix and a bottom matrix; the covering substrate comprises vermiculite with the diameter of 3-5 mm, and the bottom substrate comprises peat, perlite with the diameter of 2-4 mm, vermiculite, a wetting agent and a nutrition activating agent. In the bottom substrate, 50-70 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of perlite and 10-15 parts of vermiculite are adopted to prepare a base material in parts by weight, the diameter of the perlite is 2-3 mm, the diameter of the vermiculite is 1.5-2.5 mm, the wetting agent is 0.5% of the total amount of the base material, and the nutrition starter is 5% of the total amount of the base material. The nutrient soil has reasonable proportion, better water retention and water permeability, effective promotion of organic matter fermentation and organic raw material decomposition, improvement of nutrient permeability, strong nutrient absorption capacity, inhibition of harmful bacteria growth and reduction of plant disease and insect pest incidence.

Description

Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological field guide, and particularly relates to special seedling culture nutrient soil for field guide and a special seedling culture method for field guide by using the special seedling culture nutrient soil.
Background
In the 20 th century, the Russian biologist Gerwitsch (Gurwitsch) found that placing a sprouted onion around unmalted onions could promote the germination of these onions, and further that quartz glass was interposed between the two for this biological effect. The russian scientist ginger kanzang political professor proposed on the basis of the discovery of the gurwich (Gurwitsch): because the complex physiological activities are carried out in the organism every moment and the electronic motion in the organism is very active, all organisms can release electromagnetic energy waves to the outside of the organism, and the biological microwave field guidance theory is provided. The biological field guide technology is simple in that life information energy is transmitted and compensated, and the technology can receive electromagnetic fields which are transmitted by focusing and enhancing life bodies and carry life information, influence or control the activities of other life bodies, and change the physiological characteristics or the genetic characteristics of the other life bodies.
In the prior art, Chinese patent CN106106095A discloses a nutrient soil for cultivating seeds special for field guidance, a method for cultivating seeds special for field guidance by using the nutrient soil and application of the nutrient soil. The following disadvantages mainly exist: (1) the soil is not nutrient enough and cannot meet the requirement of stable growth of the field-guided special seedlings in a short time; (2) the soil is not easy to maintain a moist environment, and the requirements that field-guided special seedlings like moist and are forbidden to accumulate water cannot be met; (3) the high humidity environment is easy to cause mould infection seedlings; (4) 3cm of uniformity of the seedlings out of the soil is not easy to control; (5) the emergence rate of the seeds is lower than 95% in a specified time, and the seeds are rotten due to low survival rate, so that the seeds are mildewed to influence the healthy growth of the seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance, which is rich in nutrition, is not easy to accumulate water, can form a humid environment, is high in emergence rate within a specified time, high in growth uniformity, strong in seedling, free of seed decay, and can well meet the requirement of field-guided seedling. The invention also aims to provide a method for guiding special seedlings in a field by utilizing the field-guiding special seedling-raising nutrient soil, which has stable quality and is labor-saving and labor-saving.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a seedling culture nutrient soil special for field guidance is disclosed, which comprises a covering substrate and a bottom substrate;
the covering substrate comprises vermiculite with the diameter of 3-5 mm,
the bottom substrate comprises peat, perlite with the diameter of 2-4 mm, vermiculite, a wetting agent and a nutrition promoter.
Furthermore, 50-70 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of perlite and 10-15 parts of vermiculite are adopted to prepare a base material in the bottom substrate in parts by weight, wherein the diameter of the perlite is 2-3 mm, and the diameter of the vermiculite is 1.5-2.5 mm.
Further, the humectant accounts for 0.5% of the total amount of the base material used.
Preferably, the wetting agent is washing powder.
Further, the nutritional starter accounts for 5% of the total amount of the used base materials.
Preferably, the nutrition starting agent is an equal ratio mixture of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a compound fertilizer containing trace elements.
Further, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer comprises the following components in proportion: p: k = 15: 8: 15.
further, the proportion of the compound fertilizer containing trace elements is that zinc: magnesium: iron = 1: 0.5: 1.
furthermore, the EC value of the nutrient soil is 0.55, and the pH value of the nutrient soil is 5.5-6.5.
The invention also provides a method for guiding special seedlings by using the field-guiding special seedling-raising nutrient soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, soaking seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 6-10 hours; after soaking, washing the seeds in a movable water environment, and draining off excessive water;
(2) spraying water to the bottom matrix, and stirring, wherein the soil humidity is controlled to be 30-50%;
(3) spreading the matrix after water spraying and stirring on the bottom of the seedling raising tray, and making a small ditch by using a compactor;
(4) uniformly spreading the seeds after germination acceleration in the sulcus;
(5) spreading the covering matrix on the seeds with a thickness of about 0.5cm, and spraying water to wet;
(6) placing the seedlings into a special seedling raising cabin for raising seedlings, enabling the seedlings to enter a guide cabin for use when the seedlings grow to be 3cm high, and enabling the seedlings not to be reused after seven days; only a proper amount of water needs to be sprayed in the whole period, and extra operations such as fertilization and soil loosening are not needed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the formula of the nutrient soil is greatly improved, and the proportion is reasonable, so that the nutrient soil has better water retention and water permeability, organic matter fermentation and organic raw material decomposition are effectively promoted, nutrient permeability is improved, nutrient absorption capacity is strong, growth of harmful bacteria is inhibited, and the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Example 1
A seedling culture nutrient soil special for field guidance comprises a covering substrate and a bottom substrate;
the covering substrate is vermiculite with the diameter of 3-5 mm,
in the bottom substrate, peat 65 parts by weight, perlite 20 parts by weight with the diameter of 2-3 mm and vermiculite 15 parts by weight with the diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm are firstly adopted to prepare a base material, then a wetting agent accounting for 0.5% of the total amount of the base material is mixed in, and finally a nutrition starting agent accounting for 5% of the total amount of the base material is mixed in. Wherein the wetting agent is washing powder; the nutrition starter is an equal ratio mixture of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a compound fertilizer containing trace elements, and the proportion of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is N: p: k = 15: 8: 15, the proportion of the compound fertilizer containing trace elements is zinc: magnesium: iron = 1: 0.5: 1.
in this example, the nutrient soil was measured to have an EC value of 0.55 and a ph value of 6.
A method for cultivating field-guided special seedling by using field-guided special seedling cultivation nutrient soil comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, soaking seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 8 hours; after soaking, washing the seeds in a movable water environment, and draining off excessive water;
(2) spraying water to the bottom matrix, stirring, and controlling the soil humidity at 40%;
(3) spreading the matrix after water spraying and stirring on the bottom of the seedling raising tray, and making a small ditch by using a compactor;
(4) uniformly spreading the seeds after germination acceleration in the sulcus;
(5) spreading the covering matrix on the seeds with a thickness of about 0.5cm, and spraying water to wet;
(6) placing the seedlings into a special seedling raising cabin for raising seedlings, enabling the seedlings to enter a guide cabin for use when the seedlings grow to be 3cm high, and enabling the seedlings not to be reused after seven days; only a proper amount of water needs to be sprayed in the whole period, and extra operations such as fertilization and soil loosening are not needed.
Example 2
A seedling culture nutrient soil special for field guidance comprises a covering substrate and a bottom substrate;
the covering substrate is vermiculite with the diameter of 3-5 mm,
in the bottom substrate, 70 parts by weight of peat, 20 parts by weight of perlite with the diameter of 2-3 mm and 10 parts by weight of vermiculite with the diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm are firstly adopted to prepare a base material, then a wetting agent accounting for 0.5% of the total amount of the base material is mixed in, and finally a nutrition starting agent accounting for 5% of the total amount of the base material is mixed in. Wherein the wetting agent is washing powder; the nutrition starter is an equal ratio mixture of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a compound fertilizer containing trace elements, and the proportion of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is N: p: k = 15: 8: 15, the proportion of the compound fertilizer containing trace elements is zinc: magnesium: iron = 1: 0.5: 1.
in this example, the nutrient soil was measured to have an EC value of 0.55 and a ph value of 5.8.
A method for cultivating field-guided special seedling by using field-guided special seedling cultivation nutrient soil comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, soaking seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 6 hours; after soaking, washing the seeds in a movable water environment, and draining off excessive water;
(2) spraying water to the bottom matrix, stirring, and controlling the soil humidity at 50%;
(3) spreading the matrix after water spraying and stirring on the bottom of the seedling raising tray, and making a small ditch by using a compactor;
(4) uniformly spreading the seeds after germination acceleration in the sulcus;
(5) spreading the covering matrix on the seeds with a thickness of about 0.5cm, and spraying water to wet;
(6) placing the seedlings into a special seedling raising cabin for raising seedlings, enabling the seedlings to enter a guide cabin for use when the seedlings grow to be 3cm high, and enabling the seedlings not to be reused after seven days; only a proper amount of water needs to be sprayed in the whole period, and extra operations such as fertilization and soil loosening are not needed.
The formula has the following effects:
the peat has good water retention and ventilation and large capacity of storing fertilizer;
perlite is mainly used to increase the ventilation of the medium;
the vermiculite has good air permeability and water retention property and good chemical buffering capacity;
the wetting agent is a common additive of the medium and is mainly used for eliminating the surface tension of the peat and improving the water permeability;
the nutrient promoter is a water-soluble nutrient and can supply the coordinated nutrition required by the early growth of seeds and seedlings within 7-14 days of the initial use.
The following will describe the effects of the present invention in detail.
1. Selecting a test field: selecting a test field in a corn planting area;
2. selection of experimental groups: a total of 2 experimental groups were set up as in example 1 and example 2; in addition, the contrast group is a common commercial seedling culture substrate (composed of high-quality peat, decomposed plants, edible fungus sticks, gardening vermiculite and expanded perlite) which is put into a seedling culture tray; and (5) supplementing water at regular time. After the corn seeds are subjected to germination acceleration by a constant-temperature incubator for 24 hours, the seeds are sown in 31 days in 3 months, and two corn seeds are sown in each device. Recording the emergence rate after sowing for 3d, investigating the stem thickness and plant height in No. 4 month 8, No. 4 month 14 and No. 4 month 25 respectively, collecting corn plants in 25 days in 4 months, cleaning and drying the corn plants by clear water, and weighing the fresh weight of the overground part and the root system;
3. and (3) comparing the results: (1) the emergence rates of example 1 and example 2 were 99%, 98.8%, and the control group was only 750%. (2) The stem thickness and plant height of the maize seedlings are obviously higher than those of the control group in the examples 1 and 2, 6.67 percent and 3.75 percent of the control group in the example 1, and 5.09 percent and 3.56 percent of the control group in the example 2. (3) The fresh weights of the overground part and the underground part of the corn are obviously better than those of the control group in the embodiments 1 and 2, the fresh weights of the overground part and the underground part of the corn are respectively 7.8 percent and 13.24 percent higher than those of the control group in the embodiment 1, and the fresh weights of the overground part and the underground part of the corn are respectively 5.5 percent and 9.85 percent higher than those of the control group in the embodiment 2.
The results of the actual use procedure from example 1 and example 2 show that:
1. the soil is rich in nutrition, can completely meet the requirement of stable growth of the field-guided special seedlings in a short time, and does not need to be fertilized in the later period. 2. The soil is easy to maintain a moist environment, and the requirements of field-guided special seedlings on preferring moisture and avoiding water accumulation are met. 3. Good air permeability and difficult to cause mould infection to young seedlings. 4. The seedlings come out of the soil neatly and are strong and strong. 5. The emergence rate of the seeds is higher than 98 percent.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a special seedling growing nutrient soil is led in field which characterized in that: the nutrient soil comprises a covering substrate and a bottom substrate;
the covering substrate comprises vermiculite with the diameter of 3-5 mm,
the bottom substrate comprises peat, perlite with the diameter of 2-4 mm, vermiculite, a wetting agent and a nutrition promoter.
2. The special seedling culture nutrient soil for field guidance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base substrate comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of perlite and 10-15 parts of vermiculite, wherein the perlite has a diameter of 2-3 mm, and the vermiculite has a diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm.
3. The field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent accounts for 0.5% of the total amount of the base materials.
4. The field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the wetting agent is washing powder.
5. The field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient starter accounts for 5% of the total use amount of the base materials.
6. The field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the nutrient starter is an equal ratio mixture of a nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer and a compound fertilizer containing trace elements.
7. The field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer comprises the following components in proportion of N: p: k = 15: 8: 15.
8. the field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the proportion of the trace element-containing compound fertilizer is zinc: magnesium: iron = 1: 0.5: 1.
9. the field-oriented special seedling culture nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the EC value of the nutrient soil is 0.55, and the pH value of the nutrient soil is 5.5-6.5.
10. A method for cultivating field-guided special seedling by using field-guided special seedling cultivation nutrient soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, soaking seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 6-10 hours; after soaking, washing the seeds in a movable water environment, and draining off excessive water;
(2) spraying water to the bottom matrix, and stirring, wherein the soil humidity is controlled to be 30-50%;
(3) spreading the matrix after water spraying and stirring on the bottom of the seedling raising tray, and making a small ditch by using a compactor;
(4) uniformly spreading the seeds after germination acceleration in the sulcus;
(5) spreading the covering matrix on the seeds with a thickness of about 0.5cm, and spraying water to wet;
(6) placing the seedlings into a special seedling raising cabin for raising seedlings, enabling the seedlings to enter a guide cabin for use when the seedlings grow to be 3cm high, and enabling the seedlings not to be reused after seven days; only a proper amount of water needs to be sprayed in the whole period, and no additional fertilizing or soil loosening operation is needed.
CN202010463174.7A 2020-05-27 2020-05-27 Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil Pending CN111543282A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113615534A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-09 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 Soil matrix suitable for sweet potato germplasm resource pot culture and screening experiment method thereof
CN114667904A (en) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-28 凯盛浩丰农业有限公司 Formula of seedling culture substrate special for leaf vegetables

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CN106581862A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-04-26 宁波城澍生物科技有限公司 Seedling for biological guide
CN106576833A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-04-26 宁波城澍生物科技有限公司 Culture method of seedlings for field guidance
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CN108887145A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-11-27 天津市植物保护研究所 A kind of microorganism seedling medium and the preparation method and application thereof

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CN106581862A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-04-26 宁波城澍生物科技有限公司 Seedling for biological guide
CN106576833A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-04-26 宁波城澍生物科技有限公司 Culture method of seedlings for field guidance
CN108056003A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-05-22 永清县德农民丰农业发展有限公司 A kind of nutritive vegetable seedling medium and its preparation method
CN108887145A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-11-27 天津市植物保护研究所 A kind of microorganism seedling medium and the preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113615534A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-09 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 Soil matrix suitable for sweet potato germplasm resource pot culture and screening experiment method thereof
CN114667904A (en) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-28 凯盛浩丰农业有限公司 Formula of seedling culture substrate special for leaf vegetables

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