CN110810157A - Seedling raising method for industrial hemp - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for industrial hemp Download PDFInfo
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- CN110810157A CN110810157A CN201910999484.8A CN201910999484A CN110810157A CN 110810157 A CN110810157 A CN 110810157A CN 201910999484 A CN201910999484 A CN 201910999484A CN 110810157 A CN110810157 A CN 110810157A
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- water
- carbendazim
- seedling raising
- seedling
- bactericide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
The invention provides a seedling raising method for industrial hemp. The method adopts a floating seedling method, is convenient to operate, is slightly influenced by natural climate change, has controllable environment, small seed consumption and short seedling period, ensures that the cultivated seedlings are uniform and the emergence rate is as high as about 93 percent, and effectively solves the problems of low emergence rate, irregular emergence and the like existing in the direct seeding of industrial hemp field seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial hemp seedling culture, in particular to a seedling culture method of industrial hemp, and particularly relates to a floating seedling culture method of industrial hemp.
Background
Industrial cannabis is cannabis with a content of toxic component Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) below 0.3%. The industrial hemp has high economic value and is widely used in the fields of health care, food, textile, bioengineering materials, paper making and the like. In recent years, the development of new drugs using Cannabidiol (CBD), a medicinal component extracted from the leaves of the flowers, has become an important field for the development of the industrial hemp industry. At present, the artificial planting of industrial hemp mainly adopts a direct seeding mode. Because the direct seeding of the seeds is greatly influenced by natural environment, insect pests and mouse pests are seriously generated, the seedlings emerge irregularly, the rate of emergence is low, 6-7 seeds need to be sown in each hole, the seed consumption per mu is 200-300g, and the seeds need to be reseeded for many times in production in extreme arid climate, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming. Research shows that the germination rate of the industrial hemp variety 'Yunma No. 1' seed can reach more than 90.0% (Yangming, xuyanping, Guohanbang, Guohanhui, Yanqinghui. the correlation research of the viability and germination rate of the industrial hemp seed, Western forestry science 2012, 41 (2): 24-26), while the emergence rate of the field direct seeding is only 59.0%, after the seed coating agent is adopted, the emergence rate can reach 72.0% at most, but is still obviously lower than the germination rate of the seed (hong Gu, Liu Zheng Bo, Hu Li, Yonghua, Chengyu, Yangming. the screening of the industrial hemp seed coating agent, China hemp industry, 2006, 28 (1): 24-28).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the seedling raising method of the industrial hemp, and the method adopts a floating seedling raising method, so that the emergence rate and the emergence uniformity of the industrial hemp can be effectively improved.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) filling the seedling substrate into a floating seedling tray;
(2) sowing seeds in the floating seedling raising plate in the step (1), and then covering a seedling raising substrate;
(3) putting the floating seedling raising plate in the step (2) into a seedling raising pool;
(4) hardening off seedlings 3-5 days after emergence;
(5) topdressing is carried out on the 9 th to 11 th days of seedling emergence.
Specifically, the seedling raising substrate comprises grass carbon, perlite and vermiculite, and the ratio of the grass carbon to the perlite to the vermiculite is 2-4:1-3: 1; in one embodiment of the invention, the seedling raising substrate is prepared by mixing turf, perlite and vermiculite according to a ratio of 3:2: 1.
Specifically, the seedling substrate is subjected to a sterilization treatment before use, for example, a sterilization treatment with a disinfectant solution; the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate and zineb; in one embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide is carbendazim; in one embodiment of the present invention, the disinfectant solution is 600-times (specifically, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000-times) carbendazim solution.
Specifically, the moisture content of the seedling substrate is controlled to be 50% -70% (specifically, 50%, 60%, 70%).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the floating seedling tray is a 162-hole floating seedling tray.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sowing in step (2) comprises sowing 1-5 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) industrial hemp seeds per hole.
Specifically, the thickness of the seedling substrate covered after the seeding in the step (2) is 1-2 cm.
Specifically, the seeds sowed in the step (2) are full seeds which are soaked in warm water and sterilized before sowing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the warm water soaking process includes: soaking in warm water at 35-45 deg.C for 4-5 h.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sterilization process includes: soaking in disinfectant solution for 5-10 min; the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate and zineb; in one embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide is carbendazim; in one embodiment of the present invention, the disinfectant solution is 300-times (e.g., 300, 400, 500, 600, 700-times) carbendazim solution.
Specifically, the step (2) further comprises: sterilizing the surface of the seedling substrate in the seedling tray, such as sterilizing by using a disinfectant solution; the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate and zineb; in one embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide is chlorothalonil; in one embodiment of the present invention, the disinfectant solution is 600-times (specifically, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000-times) chlorothalonil solution.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nursery pond in step (3) is previously subjected to water disinfection and disease prevention and fertilization treatment before being placed in the floating nursery tray.
Specifically, the water body disinfection and disease prevention treatment comprises the step of applying a bactericide solution to the water in the seedling raising pond; the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate, zineb, fenaminosulf, hymexazol, etc.; in one embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide includes carbendazim and fenaminostrobin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned water body disinfection and disease prevention treatment comprises applying 75% carbendazim and fenaminosulf to the water in the nursery pond.
Specifically, the application amount of the 75% carbendazim is 0.1-0.2 g/L.
Specifically, the amount of the fenaminosulf to be applied is 0.1-0.2 g/L.
Specifically, the fertilization treatment comprises applying a compound fertilizer into the water of the seedling raising pond, wherein the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 0.2-0.35 g/L; in one embodiment of the invention, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K ═ 19:19: 19.
Specifically, the depth of the pond water in the step (3) can be 10-12 cm.
Specifically, the water in the seedling raising pond in the step (3) can be tap water or well water.
Specifically, the seedling raising pond in the step (3) can adopt a black film as a pond film.
Specifically, the nursery pond in the step (3) is positioned under a sun-shading condition, such as under a sun-shading net.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the nursery pond in the step (3) may be located in a nursery greenhouse; specifically, the seedling raising shed adopts a white plastic film as a top film, and a sunshade net is covered on the top film, wherein the sunshade rate of the sunshade net can be 75%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pond membrane of the seedling raising pond is 7.8m long and 2.2m wide and is fixed along the clamping grooves on the periphery of the seedling raising shed, and the seedling raising shed is 6.0m long, 1.4m wide and 1.2m high.
Specifically, the seedling exercising in the step (4) includes the step of removing the sun-shading conditions (such as the sun-shading net) before 10 am and after 5 pm, and also includes the step of completely removing the sun-shading conditions (such as the sun-shading net) after 3 days.
Specifically, the additional fertilizer in the step (5) is to apply compound fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate and carbon energy water soluble fertilizer into the water of the seedling raising pond.
Specifically, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 0.15-0.25 g/L.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K ═ 30:10: 15.
Specifically, the above-mentioned potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2 g/L.
Specifically, the application amount of the carbon energy water-soluble fertilizer is 0.1-0.2 g/L.
In the seedling raising process of the method, the seedling raising environment is ventilated, and the temperature is controlled within 30 ℃.
And (4) 18-20 days after seedling emergence, the plant height of the seedlings reaches 12-15cm, and the whole seedling raising period is completed when root systems are in a bulk shape.
The floating seedling raising method provided by the invention is slightly influenced by natural climate change, the environment is controllable, the seedlings are uniform, the emergence rate is as high as about 93%, the seed amount in a single seedling raising shed is only 40g, and the problems of low emergence rate, irregular emergence and the like existing in direct seeding of field seeds are effectively solved.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Float seedling raising
(1) Selecting a place with flat terrain, convenient water source, no pollution to water quality and sunny ventilation, constructing a steel frame seedling raising shed with the length of 6.0m, the width of 1.4m and the height of 1.2m, adopting a white plastic film with the thickness of 10 threads as a top film, and covering 1 layer of sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the top film. 36 floating seedling plates can be placed in each seedling shed;
(2) adopting a black film with the length of 7.8m, the width of 2.2m and the thickness of 12 threads as a pond film, fixing the pond film along clamping grooves on the periphery of a seedling shed, and manufacturing a seedling pond with the height of about 20 cm;
(3) injecting tap water or well water with the depth of 10cm, applying 100g of 75% carbendazim and 100g of fenaminosulf to each seedling raising pool, sterilizing the water body and preventing diseases, and applying 200g of compound fertilizer with the ratio of N, P and K being 19:19: 19;
(4) preparing a matrix from grass carbon, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 3:2:1, and sterilizing by 800 times of carbendazim solution, wherein the water content of the matrix is controlled to be about 60%;
(5) uniformly filling the prepared matrix into a floating seedling raising plate with 162 holes;
(6) selecting plump seeds, soaking in warm water at 40 deg.C for 4-5h, and soaking in 500 times of carbendazim for 5-10min to perform seed disinfection treatment; sowing 3 seeds in each hole, and covering a substrate with the thickness of 1-2 cm; placing the sown floating seedling-raising tray into a seedling-raising pool, and spraying 800 times of chlorothalonil on the surface layer of the matrix; putting down the side film of the seedling shed and pressing the surrounding plastic film;
(7) keeping the ventilation in the shed, and controlling the temperature in the shed within 30 ℃; uncovering the sunshade net before 10 am and after 5 pm at the beginning of the 4 th day of seedling emergence, and completely uncovering the sunshade net after 3 d; at the 10 th stage of seedling emergence, 150g of compound fertilizer with the ratio of N, P and K being 30:10:15, 100g of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1-0.2g/L of carbon energy water-soluble fertilizer are applied to a seedling raising pond;
and (4) 18-20 days after seedling emergence, the plant height of the seedlings reaches 12-15cm, and the whole seedling raising period is completed when root systems are in a bulk shape.
Comparative example 1
Plug and nutrition bag seedling
(1) Watering the hole tray and the nutrition bag once a day to keep the matrix soil moist;
(2) c, seedling emergence of the hole trays and the nutrition bags for 6 days, and watering by adding 1000 times of liquid into a compound fertilizer with the ratio of N, P and K being 19:19:19, and fertilizing for 1 time at intervals of 7 days;
(3) and (3) seedling emergence of the hole tray and the nutrition bag for 5 days, spraying 600 times of chlorothalonil and 800 times of efficient chlorine hydrogen chrysanthemum ester once, and spraying the same agent once at an interval of 7 days.
And (4) sprouting 18d, comparing and analyzing the operation steps of the 3 seedling raising modes and the quality of seedlings, and showing the result of the comparison in table 1. The floating seedling raising process needs no artificial watering, the manual investment of seedling raising is greatly reduced, the quality of the cultured industrial hemp seedlings is good, the root systems are developed and are clustered, the emergence rate, the plant height and the seedling rate respectively reach 93.0 percent, 14.7cm and 97.5 percent, and the seedling raising method is obviously higher than the seedling raising method of a plug tray and a nutrition bag.
TABLE 1 comparison of different seedling raising modes
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A seedling raising method of industrial hemp comprises the following steps:
(1) filling the seedling substrate into a floating seedling tray;
(2) sowing seeds in the floating seedling raising plate in the step (1), and then covering a seedling raising substrate;
(3) putting the floating seedling raising plate in the step (2) into a seedling raising pool;
(4) hardening off seedlings 3-5 days after emergence;
(5) topdressing is carried out on the 9 th to 11 th days of seedling emergence.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the growth substrate comprises peat, perlite and vermiculite, wherein the peat, perlite and vermiculite are present in a ratio of 2-4:1-3: 1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the growth substrate is sterilized with a disinfectant solution prior to use; preferably, the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate and zineb; more preferably, the bactericide is carbendazim; further preferably, the bactericide solution is 600-fold 1000-fold carbendazim solution.
4. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the floating seedling raising tray in the step (2) is a 162-hole floating seedling raising tray;
the sowing in the step (2) comprises sowing 1-5 industrial hemp seeds in each hole;
the seeds are plump seeds which are soaked in warm water and sterilized before sowing.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the warm water soaking treatment comprises: soaking in 35-45 deg.C warm water for 4-5 hr;
the sterilization process includes: soaking in disinfectant solution for 5-10 min; preferably, the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate and zineb; more preferably, the bactericide is carbendazim; further preferably, the bactericide solution is a 300-fold 700-fold carbendazim solution.
6. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the nursery pond is previously subjected to water sterilization and disease prevention and fertilization treatment before being placed in the floating nursery tray in step (3).
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the water disinfection and disease prevention treatment comprises the steps of applying a bactericide solution to the nursery pond water; preferably, the bactericide is selected from: one or more of carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, thiophanate, zineb, fenaminosulf and hymexazol; more preferably, the germicides include carbendazim and fenaminosulf; further preferably, the water body disinfection and disease prevention treatment comprises the step of applying 75% of carbendazim and fenaminosulf to the water of the nursery pond, wherein the application amount of the 75% of carbendazim is 0.1-0.2g/L, and the application amount of the fenaminosulf is 0.1-0.2 g/L.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the fertilizing treatment comprises applying a compound fertilizer to the nursery pond water in an amount of 0.2 to 0.35 g/L; preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K ═ 19:19: 19: 19.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pond water for raising seedlings in the step (3) is tap water or well water, and the depth of the pond water is 10-12 cm.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (3) said nursery pond is located in a nursery sock; preferably, the seedling raising shed adopts a white plastic film as a top film, and a sunshade net is covered on the top film.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the exercising in step (4) comprises the step of removing the sunshade net before 10 am and after 5 pm, and further comprises the step of removing the sunshade net entirely after 3 days.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top dressing in the step (5) is to apply compound fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate and carbon energy water soluble fertilizer to the water of the nursery pond;
preferably, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 0.15-0.25 g/L;
preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is N, P, K is 30:10: 15;
preferably, the monopotassium phosphate is applied in an amount of 0.1-0.2 g/L;
preferably, the application amount of the carbon energy water-soluble fertilizer is 0.1-0.2 g/L.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910999484.8A CN110810157A (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Seedling raising method for industrial hemp |
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| CN201910999484.8A CN110810157A (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Seedling raising method for industrial hemp |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028669A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-12-04 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Matrix for industrial hemp seedling raising |
| CN112616671A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 山东艾莱普生物科技有限公司 | Method for obtaining industrial hemp single plant tissue culture seedlings |
| CN112772352A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Medical industrial hemp plug seedling substrate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028669A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-12-04 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Matrix for industrial hemp seedling raising |
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Application publication date: 20200221 |