CN111837835A - Planting method of high-anthocyanin type corn - Google Patents
Planting method of high-anthocyanin type corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837835A CN111837835A CN202010682358.2A CN202010682358A CN111837835A CN 111837835 A CN111837835 A CN 111837835A CN 202010682358 A CN202010682358 A CN 202010682358A CN 111837835 A CN111837835 A CN 111837835A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of high anthocyanin type corn, which comprises the steps of land selection, land preparation, seed treatment, sowing, additional fertilization, field management, secondary additional fertilization and harvesting. Through implementation and application of the method, the health-care effect that the fresh-eating corn is rich in high anthocyanin is realized, and the cultivation method of the fresh-eating corn rich in high anthocyanin is created, so that the planting benefit is improved, and the living requirements of people on various types of fresh-eating corn are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a planting method of high-anthocyanin type corns.
Background
At present, common corn has high stock and severe condition of yield regulation, and the high anthocyanin type corn has the advantages of wide market prospect, high industrialization degree and high planting benefit as an important crop for yield regulation. With the development of the high anthocyanin type corn industry, the requirements on the variety of the high anthocyanin type corn are higher and higher, the product demand is more and more vigorous, the planting area is increased year by year, the processing scale is larger and larger, and the market prospect is very good.
The high anthocyanin-content corn has the advantages that the seeds are black, purple, blue and red due to the fact that the seeds contain high anthocyanin, so that the corn rich in anthocyanin is habitually called black corn and also called purple corn, has the characteristics of unique color, fragrant taste, sweet and sticky taste, freshness, tenderness, good palatability, rich nutrition and the like, is a natural black health food therapy product suitable for people of all ages, has a larger market for development and utilization, has higher benefit and has more attractive development prospect.
However, the existing cultivation and planting technology for the high anthocyanin type corn has the defects of resource waste, uneven quality, large-area lodging easily caused by plant diseases and insect pests or the occurrence of strong wind and heavy rain, the growth of the high anthocyanin type corn is influenced, and the yield of the corn is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting high-anthocyanin type corns, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a planting method of high anthocyanin type corn comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the land: selecting a land which is easy to irrigate and drain, has a deep and fertile soil layer, is loose and breathable, has a soil layer thickness of more than l meters, a live soil layer thickness of more than 30 centimeters and good ventilation and illumination conditions as a planting field, and is planted at an interval of more than 500m with the existing corn varieties, or is planted by staggering the flowering period for more than 20 days, or sets a barrier with the existing corn field to block the introduction of the existing corn pollen so as to prevent the pollen from bunching;
(2) land preparation: carrying out deep ploughing treatment on the selected planting land, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 25-35cm, no ploughing is missed, no side of the land is left, the land after deep ploughing is aired for 3-8 days to eliminate field diseases and pests, base fertilizer is applied to the aired planting land, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 200kg of cow dung, 40-65kg of plant ash, 30-50kg of egg shell powder, 30-50kg of sludge, 20-30kg of sugarcane peel powder, 20-25kg of urea and 5-10kg of diammonium hydrogen per mu, and the selected planting land is leveled after being uniformly mixed;
(3) And seed treatment: removing miscellaneous grains, screening seeds with full and normal color, drying in the sun for 3-5 hours, soaking in clear water for 12-15 hours, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, and dressing the seeds with 2% rickxiu to prevent head smut;
(4) and seeding: sowing in a spot sowing mode from late April to early May, adopting a wide-narrow row planting mode, wherein the wide row is 60cm, the narrow row is 40cm, the sowing depth is 2-5cm after seeds are buried, and covering a layer of fine soil after sowing to press and preserve soil moisture;
(5) and topdressing: when the corn plants grow to 30-50 cm, fertilizer is applied at the distance of 3-5 cm from the roots of the corn plants, wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 10-20kg of urea, 8-15kg of ferrous sulfate, 5-10kg of potassium chloride, 4-8kg of eggshell powder, 2-5kg of carbendazim, 3-5kg of copper sulfate, 10-15kg of manganese nitrate, 10-15kg of zinc sulfate, 4-8kg of trace elements, 4-8kg of soil fertility intensifier and 8-10kg of citric acid per mu, and water is filled for hilling after topdressing;
(6) and field management: checking and replenishing seedlings in time after seedling emergence, removing seedlings when the seedlings are 3-4 leaf years, removing seedlings, keeping regular and consistent seedlings, setting seedlings when the seedlings are 4-5 leaf years, controlling the planting density to 2800 plus 3000 plants/mu during setting, combining the setting seedlings, carrying out shallow ploughing and weeding, and timely irrigating in a large-horn mouth stage and a grouting stage in a seedling stage in arid weather;
(7) And secondary topdressing: when the corn plants are solidified with corn, secondary fertilization is carried out, and the corn organic planting fertilizer is uniformly applied with irrigation water, wherein the application amount of the organic planting fertilizer is 15-25kg of chicken and duck manure, 15-25kg of cow manure, 15-25kg of pig manure, 10-20kg of plant ash, 8-15kg of peat, 8-15kg of rapeseed cake meal, 7-12kg of bagasse, 7-12kg of rice husk, 5-10kg of grass peat, 5-10kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 5-8kg of biogas residue per mu;
(8) and harvesting: the harvesting of fresh ears is mainly carried out, and one harvest is carried out after pollination is carried out for 25 days and one harvest is carried out after the ears are mature, or the harvest is carried out in time when the ears become black.
Further, the preparation method of the sludge in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking sludge from a river or a reservoir, adding gypsum into the obtained sludge, stirring uniformly, spreading the mixture, airing for 42-72h to obtain sludge blocks, and crushing to obtain sludge.
Further, the preparation method of the sugarcane peel powder in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking waste sugarcane peels, airing the waste sugarcane peels in the sun for 42-72h, crushing the aired sugarcane peels by a crusher, and screening the crushed sugarcane peels by a screen with 100-mesh and 120-mesh meshes to obtain sugarcane peel powder.
Furthermore, the water content of the dried sugarcane peel is 70-80%.
Wherein the adopted Rickettu is produced by Germany Bayer company. And (3) pest control in the planting process: the method follows the policy of 'prevention is main and comprehensive prevention' and adopts the prevention and control method of agricultural prevention and control, chemical prevention and control or the combination of the agricultural prevention and control and the chemical prevention and control, and the pesticide is prohibited to be applied 20 days before harvesting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the manure of various livestock is added into the fertilizer, and the urea is also added, so that the nutritional value of the fertilizer is effectively improved, and the full nutrients are guaranteed to be provided for the corn; secondly, the sludge and the sugarcane peel are added, so that waste gas resources are fully utilized, and the resource utilization rate is high; the sugarcane peel powder can also provide cane sugar for the corn, so that the corn is just enough in sugar content, and the growing corn has high sweetness; the fertilizer for top dressing for the first time has reasonable formula and balanced nutrition, can improve soil labor, meet various elements required by corn growth, improve the quality of corn, enhance the lodging resistance of corn and obviously improve the yield of corn; the secondary additional organic planting fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, supplements the basic requirements of corn growth, has rich organic fertilizers, provides rich nutrition for the roots and stems of the corn, promotes the corn growth, and enables the obtained corn to be organic food with good quality; through implementation and application of the method, the health-care effect that the fresh-eating corn is rich in high anthocyanin is realized, and the cultivation method of the fresh-eating corn rich in high anthocyanin is created, so that the planting benefit is improved, and the living requirements of people on various types of fresh-eating corn are met.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a planting method of high anthocyanin type corn comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the land: selecting a land which is easy to irrigate and drain, has a deep and fertile soil layer, is loose and breathable, has a soil layer thickness of more than l meters, a live soil layer thickness of more than 30 centimeters and good ventilation and illumination conditions as a planting field, and is planted at an interval of more than 500m with the existing corn varieties, or is planted by staggering the flowering period for more than 20 days, or sets a barrier with the existing corn field to block the introduction of the existing corn pollen so as to prevent the pollen from bunching;
(2) land preparation: carrying out deep ploughing treatment on the selected planting land, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 25cm, no ploughing is missed, no side of the land is left, the land after deep ploughing is aired for 4 days to eliminate diseases and pests in the field, base fertilizer is applied to the aired planting land, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 150kg of cow dung, 55kg of plant ash, 30kg of egg shell powder, 40kg of sludge, 20kg of sugarcane peel powder, 20kg of urea and 10kg of diammonium, and the selected planting land is evenly mixed and leveled;
(3) And seed treatment: removing miscellaneous grains, screening seeds with full seeds and normal color, drying in the sun for 4 hours, then soaking in clear water for 12 hours, accelerating germination for 1 day, and using 2% rickxiu seed dressing to prevent head smut;
(4) and seeding: sowing in a spot sowing mode from late April to early May, adopting a wide-narrow row planting mode, wherein the wide row is 60cm, the narrow row is 40cm, the sowing depth is 3cm after seeds are buried, and covering a layer of fine soil after sowing, and pressing to preserve soil moisture;
(5) and topdressing: when the corn plants grow to 35 cm, applying fertilizers 4 cm away from the roots of the corn plants, wherein the application amount of the fertilizers is 15kg of urea, 8kg of ferrous sulfate, 10kg of potassium chloride, 7kg of eggshell powder, 3kg of carbendazim, 4kg of copper sulfate, 15kg of manganese nitrate, 105kg of zinc sulfate, 8kg of trace elements, 4kg of soil fertility intensifier and 8kg of citric acid per mu, and irrigating and hilling after topdressing;
(6) and field management: checking seedlings and replenishing seedlings in time after seedling emergence, removing seedlings when the seedlings are 3 leaves old, removing seedlings, keeping uniform seedlings, fixing seedlings when the seedlings are 5 leaves old, controlling the planting density to 2900 plants/mu when the seedlings are fixed, combining the seedlings, carrying out shallow ploughing and weeding, and timely irrigating in a large-horn mouth stage and a grouting stage in a seedling stage in arid weather;
(7) and secondary topdressing: when the corn plants are solidified with corn, secondary fertilization is carried out, and the organic corn planting fertilizer is uniformly applied with irrigation water, wherein the application amount of the organic corn planting fertilizer is 25kg of chicken and duck manure, 20kg of cow manure, 15kg of pig manure, 15kg of plant ash, 8kg of peat, 11kg of rapeseed cake meal, 10kg of bagasse, 8kg of rice husk, 7kg of grass carbon, 10kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 5kg of biogas residue per mu;
(8) And harvesting: the harvesting of fresh ears is mainly carried out, and one harvest is carried out after pollination is carried out for 25 days and one harvest is carried out after the ears are mature, or the harvest is carried out in time when the ears become black.
Wherein the preparation method of the sludge in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking sludge from a river or a reservoir, adding gypsum into the obtained sludge, stirring uniformly, spreading the mixture, airing for 50h to obtain sludge blocks, and crushing to obtain sludge.
The preparation method of the sugarcane peel powder in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking waste sugarcane peels, airing the waste sugarcane peels in the sun for 45 hours, crushing the aired sugarcane peels by a crusher, and screening the crushed sugarcane peels by a 100-mesh screen to obtain sugarcane peel powder.
Wherein the water content of the dried sugarcane peel is 70%.
Example 2:
a planting method of high anthocyanin type corn comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the land: selecting a land which is easy to irrigate and drain, has a deep and fertile soil layer, is loose and breathable, has a soil layer thickness of more than l meters, a live soil layer thickness of more than 30 centimeters and good ventilation and illumination conditions as a planting field, and is planted at an interval of more than 500m with the existing corn varieties, or is planted by staggering the flowering period for more than 20 days, or sets a barrier with the existing corn field to block the introduction of the existing corn pollen so as to prevent the pollen from bunching;
(2) Land preparation: carrying out deep ploughing treatment on the selected planting land, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 30cm, no ploughing is missed, no side of the land is left, the land after deep ploughing is aired for 5 days to eliminate diseases and pests in the field, base fertilizer is applied to the aired planting land, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 180kg per mu of cow dung, 55kg of plant ash, 40kg of egg shell powder, 40kg of sludge, 30kg of sugarcane peel powder, 25kg of urea and 7kg of diammonium, and the selected planting land is evenly mixed and leveled;
(3) and seed treatment: removing miscellaneous grains, screening seeds with full seeds and normal color, drying in the sun for 5 hours, then soaking in clear water for 15 hours, accelerating germination for 2 days, and using 2% rickxiu seed dressing to prevent head smut of the seeds;
(4) and seeding: sowing in a spot sowing mode from late April to early May, adopting a wide-narrow row planting mode, wherein the wide row is 60cm, the narrow row is 40cm, the sowing depth is 3cm after seeds are buried, and covering a layer of fine soil after sowing, and pressing to preserve soil moisture;
(5) and topdressing: when the corn plants grow to 40cm, applying fertilizers 5 cm away from the roots of the corn plants, wherein the application amount of the fertilizers is 20kg of urea, 15kg of ferrous sulfate, 5kg of potassium chloride, 6kg of eggshell powder, 5kg of carbendazim, 5kg of copper sulfate, 10kg of manganese nitrate, 15kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of trace elements, 5kg of soil fertility intensifier and 8kg of citric acid per mu, and irrigating and hilling after topdressing;
(6) And field management: timely checking and replenishing seedlings after seedling emergence, removing seedlings when the seedlings are 4 leaves old, removing seedlings, keeping uniform seedlings, fixing seedlings when the seedlings are 4 leaves old, controlling the planting density to be 3000 plants/mu when the seedlings are fixed, combining the fixing seedlings, carrying out shallow ploughing and weeding, and timely irrigating in a large horn mouth stage and a grouting stage in a seedling stage in arid weather;
(7) and secondary topdressing: and (2) performing secondary fertilization when the corn plants are solidified with corn, and uniformly spreading the organic corn planting fertilizer with irrigation water, wherein the application amount of the organic planting fertilizer is 25kg of chicken and duck manure, 25kg of cow manure, 20kg of pig manure, 15kg of plant ash, 10kg of peat, 10kg of rapeseed cake meal, 10kg of bagasse, 10kg of rice husk, 8kg of grass carbon, 7kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 8kg of biogas residue per mu.
(8) And harvesting: the harvesting of fresh ears is mainly carried out, and one harvest is carried out after pollination is carried out for 25 days and one harvest is carried out after the ears are mature, or the harvest is carried out in time when the ears become black.
Wherein the preparation method of the sludge in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking sludge from a river or a reservoir, adding gypsum into the obtained sludge, stirring uniformly, spreading the mixture, airing for 65 hours to obtain sludge blocks, and crushing to obtain sludge.
The preparation method of the sugarcane peel powder in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking waste sugarcane peels, airing the waste sugarcane peels in the sun for 50 hours, crushing the aired sugarcane peels by a crusher, and screening the crushed sugarcane peels by a screen with 110 meshes to obtain sugarcane peel powder.
Wherein the water content of the dried sugarcane peel is 80%.
Example 3:
a planting method of high anthocyanin type corn comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the land: selecting a land which is easy to irrigate and drain, has a deep and fertile soil layer, is loose and breathable, has a soil layer thickness of more than l meters, a live soil layer thickness of more than 30 centimeters and good ventilation and illumination conditions as a planting field, and is planted at an interval of more than 500m with the existing corn varieties, or is planted by staggering the flowering period for more than 20 days, or sets a barrier with the existing corn field to block the introduction of the existing corn pollen so as to prevent the pollen from bunching;
(2) land preparation: carrying out deep ploughing treatment on the selected planting land, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 30cm, no ploughing is missed, no side of the land is left, the land after deep ploughing is aired for 6 days to eliminate diseases and pests in the field, base fertilizer is applied to the aired planting land, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 180kg per mu of cow dung, 55kg of plant ash, 40kg of egg shell powder, 35kg of sludge, 27kg of sugarcane peel powder, 23kg of urea and 7kg of diammonium, and the selected planting land is evenly mixed and leveled;
(3) and seed treatment: removing miscellaneous grains, screening seeds with full seeds and normal color, drying in the sun for 5 hours, then soaking in clear water for 15 hours, accelerating germination for 2 days, and using 2% rickxiu seed dressing to prevent head smut of the seeds;
(4) And seeding: sowing in a spot sowing mode from late April to early May, adopting a wide-narrow row planting mode, wherein the wide row is 60cm, the narrow row is 40cm, the sowing depth is 4cm after seeds are buried, and covering a layer of fine soil after sowing, and pressing to preserve soil moisture;
(5) and topdressing: when the corn plants grow to 45 cm, applying fertilizers 5 cm away from the roots of the corn plants, wherein the application amount of the fertilizers is 20kg of urea, 8kg of ferrous sulfate, 7kg of potassium chloride, 5kg of eggshell powder, 4kg of carbendazim, 4kg of copper sulfate, 11kg of manganese nitrate, 12kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of trace elements, 6kg of soil fertility intensifier and 9kg of citric acid per mu, and irrigating and hilling after topdressing;
(6) and field management: timely checking and supplementing seedlings after seedling emergence, removing seedlings when the seedlings are 4 leaves old, removing seedlings, keeping uniform seedlings, setting seedlings when the seedlings are 5 leaves old, controlling the planting density to be 2800 plants/mu when the seedlings are set, combining the setting seedlings, carrying out shallow ploughing and weeding, and timely irrigating in a large horn mouth stage and a grouting stage in a seedling stage in arid weather;
(7) and secondary topdressing: and (2) performing secondary fertilization when the corn plants are solidified with corn, and uniformly spreading the organic corn planting fertilizer with irrigation water, wherein the application amount of the organic planting fertilizer is 20kg of chicken and duck manure, 15kg of cow manure, 20kg of pig manure, 10kg of plant ash, 15kg of peat, 15kg of rapeseed cake meal, 12kg of bagasse, 7kg of rice husk, 10kg of grass carbon, 10kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 8kg of biogas residue per mu.
(8) And harvesting: the harvesting of fresh ears is mainly carried out, and one harvest is carried out after pollination is carried out for 25 days and one harvest is carried out after the ears are mature, or the harvest is carried out in time when the ears become black.
Wherein the preparation method of the sludge in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking sludge from a river or a reservoir, adding gypsum into the obtained sludge, stirring uniformly, spreading the mixture, airing for 72 hours to obtain sludge blocks, and crushing to obtain sludge.
The preparation method of the sugarcane peel powder in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking waste sugarcane peels, airing the waste sugarcane peels in the sun for 72 hours, crushing the aired sugarcane peels by a crusher, and screening the crushed sugarcane peels by a 120-mesh screen to obtain sugarcane peel powder.
Wherein the water content of the dried sugarcane peel is 75%.
Wherein the adopted Rickettu is produced by Germany Bayer company. And (3) pest control in the planting process: the method follows the policy of 'prevention is main and comprehensive prevention' and adopts the prevention and control method of agricultural prevention and control, chemical prevention and control or the combination of the agricultural prevention and control and the chemical prevention and control, and the pesticide is prohibited to be applied 20 days before harvesting.
Finally, the manure of various livestock is added into the fertilizer, and the urea is also added, so that the nutritional value of the fertilizer is effectively improved, and the sufficient nutrients are guaranteed to be provided for the corn; secondly, the sludge and the sugarcane peel are added, so that waste gas resources are fully utilized, and the resource utilization rate is high; the sugarcane peel powder can also provide cane sugar for the corn, so that the corn is just enough in sugar content, and the growing corn has high sweetness; the fertilizer for top dressing for the first time has reasonable formula and balanced nutrition, can improve soil labor, meet various elements required by corn growth, improve the quality of corn, enhance the lodging resistance of corn and obviously improve the yield of corn; the secondary additional organic planting fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, supplements the basic requirements of corn growth, has rich organic fertilizers, provides rich nutrition for the roots and stems of the corn, promotes the corn growth, and enables the obtained corn to be organic food with good quality; through implementation and application of the method, the health-care effect that the fresh-eating corn is rich in high anthocyanin is realized, and the cultivation method of the fresh-eating corn rich in high anthocyanin is created, so that the planting benefit is improved, and the living requirements of people on various types of fresh-eating corn are met.
Through repeated planting experiments and tests for years, the inventor of the application adjusts the component proportion of each component of the fertilizer raw material, and obtains the effect of the invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A planting method of high anthocyanin type corn is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the land: selecting a land which is easy to irrigate and drain, has a deep and fertile soil layer, is loose and breathable, has a soil layer thickness of more than l meters, a live soil layer thickness of more than 30 centimeters and good ventilation and illumination conditions as a planting field, and is planted at an interval of more than 500m with the existing corn varieties, or is planted by staggering the flowering period for more than 20 days, or sets a barrier with the existing corn field to block the introduction of the existing corn pollen so as to prevent the pollen from bunching;
(2) land preparation: carrying out deep ploughing treatment on the selected planting land, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 25-35cm, no ploughing is missed, no side of the land is left, the land after deep ploughing is aired for 3-8 days to eliminate field diseases and pests, base fertilizer is applied to the aired planting land, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 200kg of cow dung, 40-65kg of plant ash, 30-50kg of egg shell powder, 30-50kg of sludge, 20-30kg of sugarcane peel powder, 20-25kg of urea and 5-10kg of diammonium hydrogen per mu, and the selected planting land is leveled after being uniformly mixed;
(3) And seed treatment: removing miscellaneous grains, screening seeds with full and normal color, drying in the sun for 3-5 hours, soaking in clear water for 12-15 hours, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, and dressing the seeds with 2% rickxiu to prevent head smut;
(4) and seeding: sowing in a spot sowing mode from late April to early May, adopting a wide-narrow row planting mode, wherein the wide row is 60cm, the narrow row is 40cm, the sowing depth is 2-5cm after seeds are buried, and covering a layer of fine soil after sowing to press and preserve soil moisture;
(5) and topdressing: when the corn plants grow to 30-50 cm, fertilizer is applied at the distance of 3-5 cm from the roots of the corn plants, wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 10-20kg of urea, 8-15kg of ferrous sulfate, 5-10kg of potassium chloride, 4-8kg of eggshell powder, 2-5kg of carbendazim, 3-5kg of copper sulfate, 10-15kg of manganese nitrate, 10-15kg of zinc sulfate, 4-8kg of trace elements, 4-8kg of soil fertility intensifier and 8-10kg of citric acid per mu, and water is filled for hilling after topdressing;
(6) and field management: checking and replenishing seedlings in time after seedling emergence, removing seedlings when the seedlings are 3-4 leaf years, removing seedlings, keeping regular and consistent seedlings, setting seedlings when the seedlings are 4-5 leaf years, controlling the planting density to 2800 plus 3000 plants/mu during setting, combining the setting seedlings, carrying out shallow ploughing and weeding, and timely irrigating in a large-horn mouth stage and a grouting stage in a seedling stage in arid weather;
(7) And secondary topdressing: when the corn plants are solidified with corn, secondary fertilization is carried out, and the corn organic planting fertilizer is uniformly applied with irrigation water, wherein the application amount of the organic planting fertilizer is 15-25kg of chicken and duck manure, 15-25kg of cow manure, 15-25kg of pig manure, 10-20kg of plant ash, 8-15kg of peat, 8-15kg of rapeseed cake meal, 7-12kg of bagasse, 7-12kg of rice husk, 5-10kg of grass peat, 5-10kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 5-8kg of biogas residue per mu;
(8) and harvesting: the harvesting of fresh ears is mainly carried out, and one harvest is carried out after pollination is carried out for 25 days and one harvest is carried out after the ears are mature, or the harvest is carried out in time when the ears become black.
2. The planting method of high anthocyanin type corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the sludge in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking sludge from a river or a reservoir, adding gypsum into the obtained sludge, stirring uniformly, spreading the mixture, airing for 42-72h to obtain sludge blocks, and crushing to obtain sludge.
3. The planting method of high anthocyanin type corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the sugarcane peel powder in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking waste sugarcane peels, airing the waste sugarcane peels in the sun for 42-72h, crushing the aired sugarcane peels by a crusher, and screening the crushed sugarcane peels by a screen with 100-mesh and 120-mesh meshes to obtain sugarcane peel powder.
4. The planting method of high anthocyanin type corn as claimed in claim 3, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the water content of the dried sugarcane peel is 70-80%.
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| CN202010682358.2A CN111837835A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Planting method of high-anthocyanin type corn |
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| CN202010682358.2A Pending CN111837835A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Planting method of high-anthocyanin type corn |
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| CN113841703A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-28 | 天津市农业科学院 | Nutritional energy agent for improving anthocyanin content of purple corn plants and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN115152546A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-11 | 海南广陵高科实业有限公司 | High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for southern-bred crop corn |
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