CN105638265A - Method for controlling trunk disease of apple tree - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant protection, in particular to a method for controlling a trunk disease of an apple tree. The objective of the invention is aimed to provide a method for controlling the trunk disease of the apple tree by using an agricultural, physical and chemical integrated control manner. According to a disease situation and the disease time, an effective specific control method can be determined during a specific growth month; and the method for controlling the trunk disease can decrease the amount of chemicals, reduce the control cost, and improve the economic benefits.

Description

A kind of apple tree trunk pest control method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of plant protection, specifically a kind of apple tree trunk pest control method.

Background technology

Apple, deciduous tree, leaf is oval, has sawtooth, and floral white is with blush. Fruit is circular, and taste is sweet or slightly sour, is common fruit, has abundant nutrition composition, has dietotherapy, assisting therapy function, is one of big fruit in the world four. Apple is generally red, but also has yellow and green, is the fruit of plant. Apple originates in Europe, the Central Asia, West Asia and Turkey one band, imports China in 19th-century. China is apple production state the biggest in the world, in northeast, North China, East China, northwest and the ground such as Sichuan, Yunnan all have cultivation. Apple is common fruit, is also the most common fruit, is rich in abundant vitamin, is the hat of the big fruit (apple, grape, citrus and banana) in the world four.

Apple happiness cool drying, sunshine abundance weather condition. It is generally acknowledged, 12 degree��18 degree growths being most suitable for apple of the temperature on average in vegetative period in 4��October. Summer temp is too high, and during temperature on average > 26 degree, bud differentiation is bad, and fruit development is fast, not storage tolerance. Before red kind maturation, suitable coloration temperature is 10 degree��20 degree, and as day and night temperature is little, night, temperature was high, then difficulty of painting. Compareing whose backlands district weather condition, in especially, ripe red kind is from the suitableeest a certain distance that requires in temperature, and toward reaching the Yangtze valley in the south, then this kind of gap strengthens;

The disease that apple tree trunk occurs mainly contains: apple tree canker, the eyespot in apple limb main harm age of tree bearing-age tree of more than 10 years, also can endanger treelet or nursery stock, trunk and bough and be injured significantly heavy in sprig. Disease general Jin Shi cortical tissue perish, can infect the xylem near cortex time serious, its symptom can be concluded as ulcer type and branch withered type two type.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method utilizing agricultural, physics, chemistry integrated control alternaria mali roberts disease.

Propose concrete scheme according to above-mentioned purpose, comprise the following steps:

(1) scab bark is heavily scraped in employing, scrapes ovalization, vertical stubble, and according to the rugosity of stem, shaving to be exceeded the strong boundary place of scab disease, laterally scrapes 1��3cm, and longitudinal direction scrapes 3��5 centimetres, is then coated with medicine; The medicament smeared selects 3.5% first sulphur naphthylacetic acid basting agent, 2.12% humic acid copper aqua;

(2) bud dew red phase spray medicine: late March to early April is that rotten pathogenic bacteria spore concentrates propagation to infect the phase, scrapes on the basis controlled in resting stage to tree body scab, in conjunction with bud Lu Hongqiquan garden medication; Medicament selects 45% Shi Naning aqua, 300 times of liquid or 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule, 3000 times of liquid or 30% MBAMT wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 430g/L tebuconazole suspension concentrates 2500-3000 times of liquid, optional 2 kinds or two or more, be used alternatingly;

(3) apple development phase trunk is coated with medicine: 6��August is the period that rhytidome occurs in tree body, also it it is the period producing superficial ulcer, adopt 60% organic potassium humate 30��40 times of liquid, or 2.12% imazalil aqua 5-10 times of liquid brushing trunk and major branch base portion, promote coming off of rhytidome, reduce the formation of superficial ulcer;

(4) apple gather after medication: after apple is gathered; happen canker second time onset peak; within 15-20 days after gathering, entirely set and spray a chemical agent again; the nature wounds such as protection fruit tongue, leaf scar, carpopodium trace; 45% trifloxystrobin water agent, 300 times of liquid selected by medicament, or 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times.

The useful effect of the present invention is: the present invention, according to incidence and time, determines effectively concrete prevention and controls month in specific growth; Decrease the usage quantity of agricultural chemicals, reduce cost accounting, it is to increase economic benefit.

Embodiment

The present invention is described further in conjunction with the sky and water, Gansu apple cultivation trunk pest control method:

Example 1, a kind of apple tree trunk pest control method, concrete implementation step is as follows:

(1) before annual fruit tree passes the winter, applying organic manure, and trunk whitewashing, controlling disease; When spring, fruit grew bud point, enrich urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer; The residual branch branch pruned, sick branch and the sick skin scraped and field being scattered loses leaf and all to be cleaned out garden in time, concentrates buried or burns, reduces the cause of disease radix in orchard as far as possible. In addition, prevent to burn freeze injury and day and prevention canker is also had good effect. Carried out trunk whitewashing with early spring before winter, reduce the bark temperature difference, the generation reducing freeze injury and burning day;

(2) scab is scraped to control to be scraped in time in early spring and the rotten scab of discovery in autumn and is controlled, and scab adopts and heavily scrapes skin, it is desired to scrape ovalization, vertical stubble, rugosity according to stem, it is desired to shaving exceeds the strong boundary place of scab disease, laterally scrapes 1cm, longitudinally scrape 3 centimetres, then it is coated with medicine. The medicament smeared is 2.12% humic acid copper aqua;

(3) bud dew red phase spray medicine

Late March to early April is that rotten pathogenic bacteria spore concentrates propagation to infect main period, and conidium produces and the condition of propagation is rainfall, therefore, scrapes on the basis controlled in resting stage to tree body scab, in conjunction with other disease of control, and bud Lu Hongqiquan garden medication. Medicament 30% MBAMT wettable powder 1000 times of liquid and 430g/L tebuconazole suspension concentrates 2500-3000 times of liquid, alternately spray once;

(4) apple development phase trunk is coated with medicine

6��August is the period that rhytidome occurs in tree body, is also the period producing superficial ulcer. Adopt 2.12% imazalil aqua 5-10 times of liquid brushing trunk and major branch base portion, promote coming off of rhytidome, reduce the formation of superficial ulcer.

(5) apple gather after medication

After apple is gathered, happen canker second time onset peak. Therefore within 15-20 days after gathering, should entirely set and spray a chemical agent again, the nature wounds such as protection fruit tongue, leaf scar, carpopodium trace. Medicament is for selecting 45% trifloxystrobin water agent, 300 times of liquid.

Example 2, a kind of apple tree trunk pest control method, according to example 1 and conventional prevention and controls effect contrast, the concrete prevention effect that the present invention is described;

In apple cultivation district, the sky and water, Gansu, growth conditions is consistent, canker of apple fruit occurs the relatively more even plot of serious morbidity to make test ground, and every plot adopts two kinds of different prevention and controls, prevents and treats result according to different, measures prevention effect;

Plot 1:10 mu, the fruit tree age of tree was at 4 years 10 years, and disease incidence is 26.8%;

Plot 2:10 mu, the fruit tree age of tree was at 11 years 17 years, and disease incidence is 54%;

Plot 3:10 mu, the fruit tree age of tree was at 18 years 24 years, and disease incidence is 59.3%;

Three pieces of plot adopt two kinds of different method controls respectively, prevent and treat result as follows;

Test-results shows, prevention effect of the present invention is obviously better than conventional prevention and controls, and the more little prevention effect of the age of tree is more good, and the several prevention effect for 18 years 24 years are not obvious, and it is more difficult to prevent and treat.

Claims (1)

1. an apple tree trunk pest control method, its feature comprises the following steps:

(1) scab bark is heavily scraped in employing, scrapes ovalization, vertical stubble, and according to the rugosity of stem, shaving to be exceeded the strong boundary place of scab disease, laterally scrapes 1��3cm, and longitudinal direction scrapes 3��5 centimetres, is then coated with medicine; The medicament smeared selects 3.5% first sulphur naphthylacetic acid basting agent, 2.12% humic acid copper aqua;

(2) bud dew red phase spray medicine: late March to early April is that rotten pathogenic bacteria spore concentrates propagation to infect the phase, scrapes on the basis controlled in resting stage to tree body scab, in conjunction with bud Lu Hongqiquan garden medication; Medicament selects 45% Shi Naning aqua, 300 times of liquid or 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule, 3000 times of liquid or 30% MBAMT wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 430g/L tebuconazole suspension concentrates 2500-3000 times of liquid, optional 2 kinds or two or more, be used alternatingly;

(3) apple development phase trunk is coated with medicine: 6��August is the period that rhytidome occurs in tree body, also it it is the period producing superficial ulcer, adopt 60% organic potassium humate 30��40 times of liquid, or 2.12% imazalil aqua 5-10 times of liquid brushing trunk and major branch base portion, promote coming off of rhytidome, reduce the formation of superficial ulcer;

(4) apple gather after medication: after apple is gathered; happen canker second time onset peak; within 15-20 days after gathering, entirely set and spray a chemical agent again; the nature wounds such as protection fruit tongue, leaf scar, carpopodium trace; 45% trifloxystrobin water agent, 300 times of liquid selected by medicament, or 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times.