CN105638204A

CN105638204A - Method for safe wintering of non-autumn dormancy level alfalfa

Info

Publication number: CN105638204A
Application number: CN201610002079.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺春贵; 王国栋; 何振富; 刘陇生; 何进珍
Original assignee: INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL GRASS AND GREEN AGRICULTURE GANSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL GRASS AND GREEN AGRICULTURE GANSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2016-01-06
Filing date: 2016-01-06
Publication date: 2016-06-08

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant seed planting, in particular to a method for safe wintering of non-autumn dormancy level alfalfa. Alfalfa seeds are planted in a plastic mulching and hole sowing mode in spring, covering of organic fertilizer prepared by mixing dry cow dung, dry straw and grass meal is conducted after autumn harvesting, and pre-winter irrigation is conducted. Dry cow dung, dry straw and grass meal are smashed to obtain particles with diameters smaller than or equal to 3 cm, and the water content in dry cow dung, dry straw and grass meal is smaller than or equal to 40%. The dry cow dung, dry straw and grass meal are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1, the wintering survival rate in the next spring can be 95% or above, and a non-autumn dormancy level alfalfa seed breeding field is successfully built.

Description

A kind of method of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant seed planting technology field, particularly a kind of method of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering.

Background technology

Herba Medicaginis be China important raise grass crop. In state-owned large-area alfalfa ground, seed production has very big demand. Research finds that Herba Medicaginis Dormancy rating is relevant with cold-resistant cold hardiness, the northern area of China, particularly the non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis in 35 degree of northern areas of north latitude can not survive the winter, concrete kind is Dormancy rating 7-11 or 7-9, and above-mentioned kind is low because of its overwintering survival rate, it is impossible to the production of hybrid seeds or kind grass planting are used, Second Year is emerged irregular, seedling is weak, and seedling quality is poor, and then has a strong impact on Alfalfa seed yield and quality. So, non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis only should in south plantation or the production of hybrid seeds.

The wintering rate of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds class seed is also had preliminary study by China, but research rests in management method more, for instance water etc. is frozen in many pourings. But do not see report at 35 degree of northern area seeding techniques of north latitude. Reason is probably can not the winter issue of solution Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds class seed by no means very well. Become the bottleneck of China's non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds class seed research.

Summary of the invention

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of method of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering, comprises the steps:

Alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by spring, prepares fertilizer and covers, water before carrying out the winter after Herba Medicaginis autumn harvest after using dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing.

Described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are pulverized, pulverized particles diameter��3cm, moisture content��40% in dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal.

Alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by described April in spring, film thickness >=10 ��m, ground, early August harvesting alfalfa seed, carries out autumn harvest to early October by the end of September and gathers in Herba Medicaginis.

Described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are by weight 1:2:1 mixing.

Prepare fertilizer after described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing to cover, cladding thickness >=0.5cm.

Before the described winter, mid-November waters once, the every mu of water yield >=80m³��

The invention have the benefit that

1, non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis in the north can safe overwintering, the particularly production of hybrid seeds of 35 degree of northern areas of north latitude and grass field planting, such as Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Ningxia, Inner Mongol etc., temperature of surviving the winter is up to minus 20 degrees.

2, No. 5 alfalfa cultivars of sweet agriculture are the non-Dormancy rating alfalfa varieties of first anti-aphid that China is bred as, and Dormancy rating is 9-11 level, the authorization in 2010 of whole nation herbage variety committee, cultivar registration number 421.This patent success is successfully planted in the Gaotai County of north latitude 39 degree so that it is safe overwintering, establishes seed-breeding field, and normally produces seed. In the world the U.S. of alfalfa seed major country of production to the non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds main California on the south north latitude 36 degree. Canada's test production of hybrid seeds nondormant alfalfa kind is also without success. In the country that animal husbandry is flourishing, such as the U.S., the Seed Market demand of fall dormancy and non-fall dormancy alfalfa variety respectively accounts for half. Sweet agriculture 5 is domestic first non-Dormancy rating alfalfa variety that our seminar cultivates, success is at the ground Hexi Corridor In Gansu of China's Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds the best, solve safe overwintering problem, open non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis in the suitable production of hybrid seeds district production of hybrid seeds beginning of northern China, be also applicable to the same type nondormant alfalfa kind production of hybrid seeds. Along with the development of China's animal husbandry, the particularly development of south grass animal husbandry, nondormant alfalfa sowing quantity necessarily increases. Owing to south is rainy, the unsuitable production of hybrid seeds. The ground such as Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang, the few illumination foot of rainfall, the Alfalfa seed yield of production is high, Functionality, quality and appealing design, particularly seed vitality are best, and other place cannot be by comparison. The technology of the safe overwintering problem of the energy solution Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis north production of hybrid seeds by no means, has the great suitability. The current year trade demand 5000-7000 ton of China's alfalfa seed, output value 2-3 hundred million yuan. If half is non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis, then demand is 2500-3500 ton, cultivated area 6-8 processed ten thousand mu. This patented technology is suitable is applicable on these soils to carry out the non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis production of hybrid seeds.

3, by overlay film, cover the double; two of fertilizer and cover operation, coordinate the aggregate measures such as bunch planting winter irrigation to achieve the safe overwintering of the sweet agriculture of non-Dormancy rating alfalfa variety 5 in the Gaotai County of Hexi Corridor In Gansu, make overwintering survival rate reach more than 95%. The essence covering fertilizer is to alleviate the extraneous low temperature destructive power to soil freezing-thawing, and the collar of protection alfalfa improves resistance. Thus improving wintering rate, improving the seedling strain number of Second Year, improving seed production.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1

Choose plot in height Tai Area, Gansu, test with sweet agriculture 5. Alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by described April in spring, ground film thickness 10 ��m, early August harvesting alfalfa seed, carries out autumn harvest harvesting Herba Medicaginis by the end of September. Preparing fertilizer covering, cladding thickness 0.5cm with after dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing after autumn harvest, described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are pulverized, pulverized particles diameter 3cm, moisture content 40% in dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal. Described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are by weight 1:2:1 mixing.Before the described winter, mid-November waters once, the every mu of water yield >=80m³. Overwintering survival rate reaches 96%.

Embodiment 2

Choose plot in In Altay, xinjiang, test with sweet agriculture 5. Alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by described April in spring, ground film thickness 10 ��m, early August harvesting alfalfa seed, carries out autumn harvest harvesting Herba Medicaginis by the end of September. Preparing fertilizer covering, cladding thickness 1cm with after dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing after autumn harvest, described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are pulverized, pulverized particles diameter 3.5cm, moisture content 30% in dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal. Described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are by weight 1:2:1 mixing. Before the described winter, mid-November waters once, the every mu of water yield >=90m³. Overwintering survival rate reaches 95%.

Embodiment 3

Choose plot in Zhongweiof Ningxia, northwest China area, test with sweet agriculture 5. Alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by described April in spring, ground film thickness 15 ��m, early August harvesting alfalfa seed, and early October carries out autumn harvest harvesting Herba Medicaginis. Preparing fertilizer covering, cladding thickness 1cm with after dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing after autumn harvest, described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are pulverized, pulverized particles diameter 4cm, moisture content 30% in dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal. Described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are by weight 1:2:1 mixing. Before the described winter, mid-November waters once, the every mu of water yield >=90m³. Overwintering survival rate reaches more than 98%.

Claims

1. the method for a non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

2. the method for a kind of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are pulverized, pulverized particles diameter��3cm, moisture content��40% in dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal.

3. the method for a kind of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering according to claim 1, it is characterized in that alfalfa seed mulch bunch planting is planted by described April in spring, film thickness >=10 ��m, ground, early August harvesting alfalfa seed, carry out autumn harvest to early October by the end of September and gather in Herba Medicaginis.

4. the method for a kind of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal are by weight 1:2:1 mixing.

5. the method for a kind of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that prepare fertilizer after described dry cattle manure, Radix Glycyrrhizae bar, grass meal mixing and cover, cladding thickness >=0.5cm.

6. the method for a kind of non-Dormancy rating Herba Medicaginis safe overwintering according to claim 5, it is characterised in that before the described winter, mid-November waters once, the every mu of water yield >=80m³��