CN105613026B - A kind of Kandelia candel mangrove cuttage and seedling culture method - Google Patents

A kind of Kandelia candel mangrove cuttage and seedling culture method Download PDF

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CN105613026B
CN105613026B CN201610153006.1A CN201610153006A CN105613026B CN 105613026 B CN105613026 B CN 105613026B CN 201610153006 A CN201610153006 A CN 201610153006A CN 105613026 B CN105613026 B CN 105613026B
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cuttings
cuttage
tap water
water
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CN105613026A (en
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杜照奎
李钧敏
金则新
李娜
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Taizhou University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Kandelia candel mangrove cuttage and seedling culture methods, belong to technical field of plant propagation.This method includes the preparation of slotting machine, the preparation of cuttings, the processing of cuttings, HORMONE TREATMENT, cuttage, management and transplanting and other steps after inserting.The autumn eggplant cuttage breeding method of the present invention, cuttage survival rate are significantly higher than control 38% up to more than 66%.Transplanting survival rate is up to more than 90%.This method has many advantages, such as that maternal merit can be kept, easy to operate, reproduction speed is fast, survival rate is high and highly practical, has important application value in the production of autumn eggplant sapling multiplication.

Description

A kind of Kandelia candel mangrove cuttage and seedling culture method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, and in particular to Kandelia candel mangrove (Kandelia obovata) cuttage Propagation method.
Background technology
Mangrove is distributed across the torrid zone, subtropical zone littoral zone and the evergreen shrubs or arbor of river mouth intertidal zone, is the world Rare plant.After its trunk is broken apart by chopping or bark is scratched, the aldehydes matters such as tannic acid being rich in vivo are aoxidized, Red is presented, therefore claims red, therefore claims mangrove.Autumn eggplant is a kind of viviparous xylophyta in mangrove, is bred by embryo, When i.e. fruit is also hung on the tree, seed has grown the embryo (being about 20-30cm) of likeness in form writing brush, when fruit is fallen, the embryo meeting of sharp It injects in soil, the top of embryo just starts germination, bottom starts to take root, and then grows up to seedling and strain.
Mangrove is as unique Sea continental margin mangrove ecosystem, in windproof mitigation, created land with silt, purifying water body ring Border provides habitat for marine animal, bio-diversity and eco-tour etc. is maintained to play irreplaceable important function, Thus with important ecological significance and huge economic value, there is the title in " marine forest " and " oasis waterborne ".
Mangrove survives, grows with the envirment factor of reproducing area (such as:Temperature, salinity, tidal level, wave energy and matrix etc.) it closes System is close, and temperature is most important restriction factor among these.Since most of mangroves are to low-temperature sensitive, cool down, is irregular Cold or frost is to growth and distribution important.It is extremely low at the beginning of the ground such as Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian 2008 Temperature causes the mangroves such as China Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera conjugata, Rhizophora stylosa and Hai Sang serious injury, but autumn eggplant is basic It is not influenced by cold damage, it is the seeds that cold tolerance is most strong in mangrove to show it.
In view of the important ecological significance of mangrove and huge economic value, people have been working hard expand the plantation of mangrove Range.Autumn eggplant is due to its relatively prominent cold performance, strong environmental adaptability, thus by the favor of Forestation Work person.It is more Year introduces a fine variety practice so that autumn eggplant prolongs from its natural distributed arctogaean realm Fuding, Fujian Province northwards extends to Zhejiang Province Sanmen County, by more than ten Year domestication, autumn eggplant adapts to the ecological environment of high latitude winter low temperature, however, these regions autumn eggplant population scale very It is small, not yet form the mangrove of large area.Therefore it expands rapidly its population scale by artificial propagation means and is very necessary.
Cutting propagation is a kind of effective technological means for expanding rapidly seedling quantity, and by being provided to pertinent literature The inquiry of material has no that the country has and carries out the relevant scientific paper of cutting propagation and patent by cutting autumn eggplant plumular axis at present, this leads Domain still belongs to blank.
Invention content
The invention solves technical assignment be to provide a kind of method for cutting autumn eggplant plumular axis cutting propagation, this method is simple It is easy, adaptable, reproductive survival rate is high, for can large-scale promotion application resist cold mangrove species autumn eggplant build the beach ecosystem Technical guarantee is provided.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of Kandelia candel mangrove cuttage and seedling culture method, carries out as steps described below:
(1) preparation of slotting machine:Using river sand as slotting machine matrix, river sand is first cleaned with tap water to be exposed to the sun under the sun again 3d flattens slotting machine, thickness about 10cm before cuttage.Slotting machine irrigates tap water, and it is off the net spare to be placed in double-layered sunshade.
(2) preparation of cuttings:Late May is cleaned to autumn eggplant health, ripe plumular axis, tap water is acquired during early June. Its level cut-out is made cuttings with sharp blade at away from top and bottom about 3-5cm respectively (to cut again the bottom of top cuttings Into the inclined-plane with axis in 45 degree of angles), then it is again switched off (remaining every at two section 3cm lower with embryo The top horizontal of a cuttings, bottom and axis are in angle of 45 degrees), it cuts to obtain several embryo sections according to identical method, if last There is the segment less than 3cm to discard.
(3) processing of cuttings:Cuttings is placed in tap water down-flow water and rinses 2-4h, to remove the tannin on surface of a wound surface layer, promotes It takes root.Upward (top cuttings plumule is upward), 30 are bundled into a bundle cuttings flush end, more with the wettable that mass concentration is 80% 700-800 times of liquid of bacterium spirit pulvis (700-800 times of liquid is diluted for wettable powder of carbendazim and water 1: 700-800) impregnates 10min It carries out disinfection, then is cleaned 3 times with tap water.
(4) HORMONE TREATMENT:When cuttings moisture to be cleaned is slightly dry, cuttings base portion is immersed in a concentration of 200-400mg/L 2,4-D (2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acid) in processing 2h.
(5) cuttage:First draw cuttings insertion river sand matrix slotting, then that HORMONE TREATMENT is crossed with the glass bar that carbendazim sterilized In, and pressed conveniently in fact, to ensure that cuttings comes into full contact with matrix.Cuttage spacing in the rows 3-4cm, line-spacing 5-6cm, depth 1.5-2.5cm. It waters immediately after cuttage.
(6) it is managed after inserting:Double-layered sunshade net is covered above cuttings at 1m, intensity of illumination is 100-200 μm of olm in net-2·s-1, temperature on average be 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 65-80%.
(7) it transplants:Cuttings can be taken root for 30 days or so with rudiment, can be transplanted within 60 days or so and be continued to cultivate into basin.
The autumn eggplant cuttage breeding method of the present invention, cuttage survival rate are significantly higher than control 38% up to more than 66%.Transplanting Survival rate is up to more than 90%.Maternal merit, easy to operate, reproduction speed is fast, survival rate with that can keep for this method The advantages that high and highly practical, has important application value in the production of autumn eggplant sapling multiplication.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 prepares cuttings schematic diagram using autumn eggplant plumular axis;
Fig. 2 cuttage rudiments are taken root schematic diagram, and wherein A is cuttage rudiment, and B is taken root for top rudiment, and C is middle part rudiment life Root, D give birth to for bottom rudiment.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of slotting machine:Using river sand as slotting machine matrix, river sand is first cleaned with tap water to be exposed to the sun under the sun again 3d flattens slotting machine, thickness about 10cm before cuttage.Slotting machine irrigates tap water, and it is off the net spare to be placed in double-layered sunshade.
(2) preparation of cuttings:Late May is cleaned to autumn eggplant health, ripe plumular axis, tap water is acquired during early June. Its level cut-out is made cuttings with sharp blade at away from top and bottom about 3cm respectively (to be cut into again the bottom of top cuttings With axis in the inclined-plane of 45 degree of angles), then it is again switched off (remaining each at two section 3cm lower with embryo The top horizontal of cuttings, bottom and axis are in angle of 45 degrees), it cuts to obtain several embryo sections according to identical method, if finally having Segment less than 3cm discards.
(3) processing of cuttings:Cuttings is placed in tap water down-flow water and rinses 2h, to remove the tannin on surface of a wound surface layer, promotes life Root.Upward (top cuttings plumule is upward), 30 are bundled into a bundle cuttings flush end, with 80% wettable powder of carbendazim 700- 800 times of liquid impregnate 10min and carry out disinfection, then cleaned 3 times with tap water.
(4) HORMONE TREATMENT:When cuttings moisture to be cleaned is slightly dry, cuttings base portion is immersed in the 2 of a concentration of 200mg/L, Processing 2h in 4-D (2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acid).
(5) cuttage:First draw cuttings insertion river sand matrix slotting, then that HORMONE TREATMENT is crossed with the glass bar that carbendazim sterilized In, and pressed conveniently in fact, to ensure that cuttings comes into full contact with matrix.Cuttage spacing in the rows 3-4cm, line-spacing 5-6cm, depth 1.5-2.5cm. It waters immediately after cuttage.
(6) it is managed after inserting:Double-layered sunshade net is covered above cuttings at 1m, intensity of illumination is 100-200 μm of olm in net-2·s-1, temperature on average be 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 65-80%.
(7) it transplants:Cuttings can be taken root for 30 days or so with rudiment, can be transplanted within 60 days or so and be continued to cultivate into basin.
Fig. 1 prepares cuttings schematic diagram using autumn eggplant plumular axis;Fig. 2 cuttage rudiments are taken root schematic diagram, and wherein A is cuttage rudiment, B It takes root for top rudiment, C is taken root for middle part rudiment, and D gives birth to for bottom rudiment.
The autumn eggplant cuttage breeding method of the present invention, cuttage survival rate are significantly higher than the 38% of control up to more than 67%.It moves Survival rate is planted up to 93%.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of slotting machine:Using river sand as slotting machine matrix, river sand is first cleaned with tap water to be exposed to the sun under the sun again 3d flattens slotting machine, thickness about 10cm before cuttage.Slotting machine irrigates tap water, and it is off the net spare to be placed in double-layered sunshade.
(2) preparation of cuttings:Late May is cleaned to autumn eggplant health, ripe plumular axis, tap water is acquired during early June. Its level cut-out is made cuttings with sharp blade at away from top and bottom about 4cm respectively (to be cut into again the bottom of top cuttings With axis in the inclined-plane of 45 degree of angles), then it is again switched off (remaining each at two section 3cm lower with embryo The top horizontal of cuttings, bottom and axis are in angle of 45 degrees), it cuts to obtain several embryo sections according to identical method, if finally having Segment less than 3cm discards.
(3) processing of cuttings:Cuttings is placed in tap water down-flow water and rinses 3h, to remove the tannin on surface of a wound surface layer, promotes life Root.Upward (top cuttings plumule is upward), 30 are bundled into a bundle cuttings flush end, with 80% wettable powder of carbendazim 700- 800 times of liquid impregnate 10min and carry out disinfection, then cleaned 3 times with tap water.
(4) HORMONE TREATMENT:When cuttings moisture to be cleaned is slightly dry, cuttings base portion is immersed in the 2 of a concentration of 300mg/L, Processing 2h in 4-D (2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acid).
(5) cuttage:First draw cuttings insertion river sand matrix slotting, then that HORMONE TREATMENT is crossed with the glass bar that carbendazim sterilized In, and pressed conveniently in fact, to ensure that cuttings comes into full contact with matrix.Cuttage spacing in the rows 3-4cm, line-spacing 5-6cm, depth 1.5-2.5cm. It waters immediately after cuttage.
(6) it is managed after inserting:Double-layered sunshade net is covered above cuttings at 1m, intensity of illumination is 100-200 μm of olm in net-2·s-1, temperature on average be 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 65-80%.
(7) it transplants:Cuttings can be taken root for 30 days or so with rudiment, can be transplanted within 60 days or so and be continued to cultivate into basin.
The autumn eggplant cuttage breeding method of the present invention, cuttage survival rate are significantly higher than the 38% of control up to more than 69%.It moves Survival rate is planted up to 92%.
Embodiment 3
(1) preparation of slotting machine:Using river sand as slotting machine matrix, river sand is first cleaned with tap water to be exposed to the sun under the sun again 3d flattens slotting machine, thickness about 10cm before cuttage.Slotting machine irrigates tap water, and it is off the net spare to be placed in double-layered sunshade.
(2) preparation of cuttings:Late May is cleaned to autumn eggplant health, ripe plumular axis, tap water is acquired during early June. Its level cut-out is made cuttings with sharp blade at away from top and bottom about 5cm respectively (to be cut into again the bottom of top cuttings With axis in the inclined-plane of 45 degree of angles), then it is again switched off (remaining each at two section 3cm lower with embryo The top horizontal of cuttings, bottom and axis are in angle of 45 degrees), it cuts to obtain several embryo sections according to identical method, if finally having Segment less than 3cm discards.
(3) processing of cuttings:Cuttings is placed in tap water down-flow water and rinses 4h, to remove the tannin on surface of a wound surface layer, promotes life Root.Upward (top cuttings plumule is upward), 30 are bundled into a bundle cuttings flush end, with 80% wettable powder of carbendazim 700- 800 times of liquid impregnate 10min and carry out disinfection, then cleaned 3 times with tap water.
(4) HORMONE TREATMENT:When cuttings moisture to be cleaned is slightly dry, cuttings base portion is immersed in the 2 of a concentration of 400mg/L, Processing 2h in 4-D (2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acid).
(5) cuttage:First draw cuttings insertion river sand matrix slotting, then that HORMONE TREATMENT is crossed with the glass bar that carbendazim sterilized In, and pressed conveniently in fact, to ensure that cuttings comes into full contact with matrix.Cuttage spacing in the rows 3-4cm, line-spacing 5-6cm, depth 1.5-2.5cm. It waters immediately after cuttage.
(6) it is managed after inserting:Double-layered sunshade net is covered above cuttings at 1m, intensity of illumination is 100-200 μm of olm in net-2·s-1, temperature on average be 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 65-80%.
(7) it transplants:Cuttings can be taken root for 30 days or so with rudiment, can be transplanted within 60 days or so and be continued to cultivate into basin.
The autumn eggplant cuttage breeding method of the present invention, cuttage survival rate are significantly higher than the 38% of control up to 66%.It transplants into Motility rate is up to 94%.

Claims (1)

1.一种红树植物秋茄扦插育苗方法,其特征在于按照下述步骤进行:1. a method for raising seedlings by mangrove plant candela cuttings, characterized in that it is carried out according to the following steps: (1)插床的准备:采用河沙作为插床基质,河沙先用自来水洗净再在太阳下暴晒3d,扦插前整平插床,厚度10cm;插床浇透自来水,置于双层遮阳网下备用;(1) Preparation of slotting bed: Use river sand as the base of the slotting bed, wash the river sand with tap water first and then expose it to the sun for 3 days, level the slotting bed before cutting, with a thickness of 10cm; water the slotting bed thoroughly with tap water, and place it under a double-layer sunshade net for later use ; (2)插穗的制备:5月下旬至6月上旬期间采集秋茄健康、成熟的胚轴,自来水洗净;分别从距顶部和底部3-5cm处用锋利的刀片将其水平切断作插穗,其中顶端插穗的底部再切成与轴线呈45度夹角的斜面;然后从距离胚身上下两个断面3cm处再次切断,并始终保持每个插穗的顶部水平,底部与轴线成45度夹角;按照相同的办法切割得到若干胚段,最后若有不足3cm的小段弃去;(2) Preparation of cuttings: Collect the healthy and mature hypocotyls of candelabra during late May to early June, wash them with tap water; cut them horizontally with a sharp blade from the top and bottom 3-5cm respectively to make cuttings, wherein Cut the bottom of the top cutting into a 45-degree inclined plane with the axis; then cut again from the two sections 3 cm above and below the embryo body, and keep the top of each cutting at a level, with the bottom at a 45-degree angle with the axis; According to the same method, several embryo segments are obtained, and finally, if there are small segments less than 3cm, they are discarded; (3)插穗的处理:插穗置于自来水下流水冲洗2-4h,以去除创面表层的单宁,促进生根;插穗平端朝上,并保持最顶端插穗胚芽朝上;30根捆成一捆,用质量浓度为80%的可湿性多菌灵粉剂700-800倍液浸泡10min进行消毒,再用自来水清洗3遍;(3) Treatment of cuttings: the cuttings are placed under running water and rinsed for 2-4 hours to remove tannins on the surface of the wound and promote rooting; Wettable carbendazim powder with a mass concentration of 80% was soaked in 700-800 times liquid for 10 minutes for disinfection, and then washed 3 times with tap water; (4)激素处理:待清洗的插穗水分稍干时,将插穗基部浸泡在浓度为200-400mg/L的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸中处理2h;(4) Hormone treatment: when the water of the cuttings to be cleaned is slightly dry, soak the base of the cuttings in 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with a concentration of 200-400 mg/L for 2 hours; (5)扦插:先用多菌灵消毒过的玻璃棒引插,再将激素处理过的插穗插入河沙基质中,并随手按实,以保证插穗与基质充分接触;扦插株距3-4cm,行距5-6cm,深度1.5-2.5cm;扦插后立即浇水;(5) Cuttings: First use carbendazim-sterilized glass rods to insert, then insert the hormone-treated cuttings into the river sand substrate, and press firmly to ensure that the cuttings are in full contact with the substrate; the distance between the cuttings is 3-4cm, Row spacing 5-6cm, depth 1.5-2.5cm; water immediately after cutting; (6)插后管理:插穗上方1m处覆盖双层遮阳网,网内光照强度为100-200μmol·m-2·s-1、平均气温为25-30℃,相对湿度为65-80%;(6) Post-planting management: 1m above the cuttings is covered with double-layer sunshade nets, the light intensity in the nets is 100-200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , the average temperature is 25-30°C, and the relative humidity is 65-80%; (7)移栽:插穗30天左右萌芽生根,60天左右移栽至盆中继续培养。(7) Transplanting: the cuttings germinate and take root in about 30 days, and transplant them into pots for further cultivation in about 60 days.
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