CN105558766A - 一种排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法,以大米、小米、番茄、苹果和山楂为主要原料,根据小米、番茄、苹果和山楂等的排铅功能,设计小米和番茄、苹果和山楂果泥的科学配方,并添加复合维生素和复合矿物质等营养素,采用二级湿法碾磨、糊化、滚筒干燥、混合、包装工艺的小米果泥排铅婴幼儿米粉制备方法。通过本发明制备的排铅婴幼儿米粉,保持传统婴幼儿米粉所含的营养素的基础上,增添了具有排铅功能的小米和番茄、苹果和山楂等水果泥原料,通过科学排铅配比制备而成,6~24月龄的婴幼儿食用可以帮助其排铅,防止慢性铅中毒,是新一代排铅营养辅食。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及婴幼儿米粉的制备方法,特别是涉及一种小米果泥排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法。
背景技术
随着环境问题的日益严峻,慢性铅中毒发生的频率也越来越高,铅在环境中具有长期持久性,对许多生命组织有较强的潜在性毒性,极易对人体健康产生威胁,一直被列为强污染物。事实上0~3岁的宝宝是铅中毒的高危人群,但由于宝宝年龄小,其铅中毒的表现比稍大孩子更具隐蔽性,也更易被忽视。婴幼儿肾脏排铅能力为成人的1/30。铅在婴幼儿呼吸道的吸收率是成人的1.6~2.7倍。铅毒对婴幼儿各器官各系统都有损害,尤其影响其智能与体格发育,表现为食欲差、腹部隐痛、矮小、不明原因贫血、免疫力下降、肥胖甚至高血压等。铅是具有神经毒性的重金属,婴幼儿血脑屏障尚未发育完全,吸入或吃进去的铅,比成人更容易进入脑组织,长时间即使是低水平的铅污染,都会损害神经网络的早期形成和后期的发育,所以婴幼儿排铅有着很重要的意义。随着大气污染日趋严重,污染空气中含铅尘埃增多,而且宝宝玩具的含铅量高等原因,使得不少婴幼儿出现血铅含量过高和铅中毒的现象,所以出现了各种具有排铅功能的药物和其他具有助排铅功能的食品。市面上软糖就是其中的一种儿童排铅软糖产品,它具有一定的效果,但是12个月以内幼儿吞咽功能不完善,不能食用;而医院的促排铅药副作用很大,尤其是对婴幼儿。婴幼儿铅超标,危害无穷,所以开发出一种具有排铅功能的婴幼儿天然食品已经刻不容缓。
婴幼儿米粉,又称“婴幼儿配方谷粉”或“营养米粉”,是母乳或婴儿配方食品不能满足婴儿营养需要以及婴儿断奶期间时,为补充婴幼儿营养的辅助食品。它是以小米、大米为主要原料,以白砂糖、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、肉类等选择性配料,加入钙、磷、铁、锌等矿物质及维生素等加工制成的婴幼儿辅助食品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以大米、小米、番茄、苹果和山楂为主要原料,并根据婴幼儿成长的营养需要,并加入复合维生素和复合矿物质等营养素,采用二级湿法碾磨、糊化、滚筒干燥、混合、包装制备的小米果泥排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法,该婴幼儿米粉具有良好的排铅功能,能够帮助婴幼儿排铅从而起到保护婴幼儿避免铅中毒的效果。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法:
1)精选优质大米、反复翻洗3次,去除表面浮糠和杂物,再加大米重量的40%~80%的水浸泡2~6小时;精选优质小米原料,反复翻洗2次,再加小米重量的30%~60%的水浸泡0.5~2小时;
2)一级湿法碾磨:浸泡后的大米、小米进行一级湿法磨浆成大米料浆、小米料浆;
3)选择新鲜无破损腐烂的苹果、番茄和山楂,去皮去籽,绞碎成果泥或选用成品苹果泥、番茄泥和山楂泥,按照重量份番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=0~10:0~5:0~5的配比制成复合排铅果泥;
4)按重量份原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥=20~50:5~10:1的比例,将大米料浆、小米料浆、复合排铅果泥配成米粉主料浆,混合均匀;
5)主料浆进行二级湿法磨浆,将米粉主料浆中各种原料碾磨到60~120目以下,并泵入混料缸;
6)将白砂糖、全脂奶粉、复合维生素和复合矿物质辅料,依次投入含米粉主料浆的混料缸制成米粉浆料,搅拌使各种原料充分水合,分散均匀,呈均匀一致糊状,无干粉和团块;
7)用蒸汽辊筒干燥机对米粉浆料进行干燥,滚筒表面温度130℃~150℃,控制米粉出料温度在80℃,干燥至水分含量5%以下;
8)粉碎:将干燥的大片状的半成品米粉粉碎成直径2~6mm小片状;
9)包装:包装成15~500g/包,装盒。
步骤3)按照重量比番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥优选为10:4:3的配比制成复合排铅果泥。
步骤4)按重量份原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥优选为30:5:1。
步骤6)依照重量份,米粉主料浆:白砂糖:全脂奶粉:复合维生素:复合矿物质=150:4:2:0.03:1的比例;所述复合维生素由重量比维生素A:维生素D:维生素B1:维生素B2:烟酸=14:10:1:1:6维生素组成;所述复合矿物质由按重量比磷酸氢钙:碳酸钙:焦磷酸铁:氧化锌:碘化钾=750:180:15:3:0.1的矿物质组成。
配方排铅食品小米:小米中富含蛋白质、铁和多种维生素,其中维生素B的含量也位居所有粮食之首,可以提高体内排铅功能。小米中蛋白质能与体内的铅结合成一种可溶性的化合物,从而阻止人体对铅的吸收;铁可以取代铅与组织中的有机物结合,加速铅代谢排除体外。
配方排铅食品番茄:番茄除了含有丰富维生素C、E、K外,还富含茄红素、叶酸、类胡萝卜素、酚酸等营养成分。番茄中的维生素C的含量很高,可以强化婴幼儿的免疫系统,而维生素C会与铅结合生成难溶于水且无毒的盐类,可以随粪便排出体外,可以帮助机体排铅。
配方排铅食品苹果:苹果的营养很丰富,它含有多种维生素和酸类物质。一个苹果中含有类黄酮30毫克以上,苹果中含有15%的碳水化合物及果胶,维生素A、C、E及钾和抗氧化剂等的含量也很丰富。苹果中的钙比其他一般水果丰富,对婴幼儿的营养有帮助,而可溶性纤维果胶能够促进肠道中的铅、汞等的排放。
配方排铅食品山楂:山楂的营养很丰富,几乎含水果的所有营养成分,特别是有机酸和维生素C的含量较高,高含量的维生素C有助于铅的排出,而且山楂酸甜可口,能够健脾胃,帮助消化,对于婴幼儿进食有帮助。
有益效果:
本发明针对婴幼儿对铅的敏感性和铅对婴幼儿生长发育的危害,创新性地开发排铅婴幼儿米粉配方,利用小米、苹果、番茄和山楂中的排铅成分清除婴幼儿体内蓄积的铅,并补充复合维生素和复合矿物质等营养素,采用二级湿法碾磨、糊化、滚筒干燥、混合等工艺,制备排铅婴幼儿米粉,帮助婴幼儿机体排铅,防止慢性铅中毒,保证婴幼儿在6~24月龄的生长发育可以避免铅的危害,大大提高了米粉的营养价值,保障婴幼儿身体健康生长。
本发明米粉口味清新,相比普通米粉等产品具有显著的复合排铅效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。
实施例1:
一种小米果泥排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
1、泡米:精选优质大米、反复翻洗3次,去除表面浮糠和杂物,再加大米重量的80%的水浸泡2小时;精选优质小米原料,反复翻洗2次,再加小米重量的60%的水浸泡0.5小时;
2、一级湿法碾磨:浸泡后的大米、小米沥干,加入到淀粉磨(型号:MS40F,厂家:宁波市江北新丰粮食机械有限公司)中进行水磨制浆,使制成的浆料细度细度达到60目以下;
3、果泥:选择新鲜无破损腐烂的苹果,番茄和山楂,去皮去籽,绞碎成果泥(或选用苹果泥、番茄泥和山楂泥成品),按照重量比番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=10:4:3的配比制成复合排铅果泥;
4、原料配比:按重量份原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥=30:5:1的比例,将大米料浆、小米料浆、复合排铅果泥配成米粉主料浆,混合均匀;
5、二级湿法碾磨:主料浆进行二级湿法磨浆,将米粉主料浆中各种原料通过胶体磨(型号:JM-140,厂家:温州市亚泰食品酿造设备有限公司)进行碾磨使细度达到120目以下,并泵入混料缸;
6、按配方重量比:米粉主料浆:白砂糖:全脂奶粉:复合维生素:复合矿物质=150:4:2::0.03:1的比例。所述复合维生素由重量比维生素A:维生素D:维生素B1:维生素B2:烟酸=14:10:1:1:6维生素组成;所述复合矿物质由按重量比:磷酸氢钙:碳酸钙:焦磷酸铁:氧化锌:碘化钾=750:180:15:3:0.1的矿物质组成。
准确称取白砂糖、全脂奶粉、复合维生素和复合矿物质辅料,依次投入含米粉主料浆的混料缸制成米粉浆料,搅拌使各种原料充分水合,分散均匀,呈均匀一致糊状,无干粉和团块;
7、滚筒干燥:用蒸汽辊筒干燥机对米粉浆料进行干燥,滚筒表面温度130℃~150℃左右,控制米粉出料温度在80℃,(干燥到水分含量5%以下);
8、粉碎:将干燥的大片状的半成品米粉粉碎成直径2.5mm小片状;
9、包装:包装成25g/包,装盒。
实施例2:
1、泡米:精选优质大米、反复翻洗3次,去除表面浮糠和杂物,再加大米重量的60%的水浸泡4小时;精选优质小米原料,反复翻洗2次,再加小米重量的50%的水浸泡1小时;
2、一级湿法碾磨:浸泡后的大米、小米进行一级湿法磨浆成料浆;
3、果泥:选择新鲜无破损腐烂的苹果,番茄和山楂,去皮去籽,绞碎成果泥(或选用苹果泥、番茄泥和山楂泥成品),按照番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=5:2:5的配比制成复合排铅果泥;
4、原料配比:按原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥=40:5:1的比例,将大米料浆、小米料浆、复合排铅果泥配成米粉主料浆,混合均匀;
5、二级湿法碾磨:主料浆进行二级湿法磨浆,将米粉主料浆中各种原料碾磨到100目以下,并泵入混料缸;
6、按配方重量比:米粉主料浆:白砂糖:全脂奶粉:复合维生素:复合矿物质=150:4:2:0.03:1的比例。所述复合维生素由重量比维生素A:维生素D:维生素B1:维生素B2:烟酸=14:10:1:1:6维生素组成;所述复合矿物质由按重量比:磷酸氢钙:碳酸钙:焦磷酸铁:氧化锌:碘化钾=750:180:15:3:0.1的矿物质组成。
按配方要求准确称取白砂糖、全脂奶粉、复合维生素和复合矿物质等辅料,依次投入含米粉主料浆的混料缸制成米粉浆料,搅拌使各种原料充分水合,分散均匀,呈均匀一致糊状,无干粉和团块;
7、滚筒干燥:用蒸汽辊筒干燥机对米粉浆料进行干燥,滚筒表面温度130℃~150℃左右,控制米粉出料温度在80℃,(干燥到水分含量5%以下);
8、粉碎:将干燥的大片状的半成品米粉粉碎成直径2.5mm小片状;
9、包装:包装成25g/包,装盒。
实施例3:
1、泡米:精选优质大米、反复翻洗3次,去除表面浮糠和杂物,再加大米重量的40%的水浸泡6小时;精选优质小米原料,反复翻洗2次,再加小米重量的30%的水浸泡2小时;
2、一级湿法碾磨:浸泡后的大米、小米进行一级湿法磨浆成料浆;
3、果泥:选择新鲜无破损腐烂的苹果,番茄和山楂,去皮去籽,绞碎成果泥(或选用苹果泥、番茄泥和山楂泥成品),按照番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=5:5:5的配比制成复合排铅果泥;
4、原料配比:按原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥=50:10:1的比例,将大米料浆、小米料浆、复合排铅果泥配成米粉主料浆,混合均匀;
5、二级湿法碾磨:主料浆进行二级湿法磨浆,将米粉主料浆中各种原料碾磨到60目以下,并泵入混料缸;
6、按配方重量比:米粉主料浆:白砂糖:全脂奶粉:复合维生素:复合矿物质=150:4:2:0.03:1的比例。所述复合维生素由重量比维生素A:维生素D:维生素B1:维生素B2:烟酸=14:10:1:1:6维生素组成;所述复合矿物质由按重量比:磷酸氢钙:碳酸钙:焦磷酸铁:氧化锌:碘化钾=750:180:15:3:0.1的矿物质组成。
按配方要求准确称取白砂糖、全脂奶粉、复合维生素和复合矿物质等辅料,依次投入含米粉主料浆的混料缸制成米粉浆料,搅拌使各种原料充分水合,分散均匀,呈均匀一致糊状,无干粉和团块;
7、滚筒干燥:用蒸汽辊筒干燥机对米粉浆料进行干燥,滚筒表面温度130℃~150℃左右,控制米粉出料温度在80℃,(干燥到水分含量5%以下);
8、粉碎:将干燥的大片状的半成品米粉粉碎成直径2.5mm小片状;
9、包装:包装成25g/包,装盒。
实施例4功能评价
选用雄性SD小鼠,每组10只。设立空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组和本发明米粉组、普通米粉组、复合果泥组。
本发明米粉组:取实施例1本发明米粉;
普通米粉组:米粉中无果泥,其余同实施例1,得普通米粉;
复合果泥组:番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=10:4:3的配比制成复合排铅果泥;产品中未添加大米料浆、小米料浆,其余同实施例1,得复合果泥。
采用自由引用醋酸铅水溶液建立铅中毒小鼠实验模型,取同等重量本发明米粉、普通米粉、复合果泥,加水调成清稀糊状,连续灌胃给药30天。本发明米粉组、普通米粉组、复合果泥组与空白对照组相比可增加铅中毒小鼠铅的排出量,降低骨铅和肝组织铅贮量。此外,本发明米粉组排铅量远高于普通米粉组和复合果泥组,具有显著的效果。
Claims (4)
1.一种排铅婴幼儿米粉的制备方法,其特征是:
1)精选优质大米、反复翻洗3次,去除表面浮糠和杂物,再加大米重量的40%~80%的水浸泡2~6小时;精选优质小米原料,反复翻洗2次,再加小米重量的30%~60%的水浸泡0.5~2小时;
2)一级湿法碾磨:浸泡后的大米、小米进行一级湿法磨浆成大米料浆、小米料浆;
3)选择新鲜无破损腐烂的苹果、番茄和山楂,去皮去籽,绞碎成果泥或选用成品苹果泥、番茄泥和山楂泥,按照重量份番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥=0~10:0~5:0~5的配比制成复合排铅果泥;
4)按重量份原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥=20~50:5~10:1的比例,将大米料浆、小米料浆、复合排铅果泥配成米粉主料浆,混合均匀;
5)主料浆进行二级湿法磨浆,将米粉主料浆中各种原料碾磨到60~120目以下,并泵入混料缸;
6)将白砂糖、全脂奶粉、复合维生素和复合矿物质辅料,依次投入含米粉主料浆的混料缸制成米粉浆料,搅拌使各种原料充分水合,分散均匀,呈均匀一致糊状,无干粉和团块;
7)用蒸汽辊筒干燥机对米粉浆料进行干燥,滚筒表面温度130℃~150℃,控制米粉出料温度在80℃,干燥至水分含量5%以下;
8)粉碎:将干燥的大片状的半成品米粉粉碎成直径2~6mm小片状;
9)包装:包装成15~500g/包,装盒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)按照重量比番茄泥:苹果泥:山楂泥优选为10:4:3的配比制成复合排铅果泥。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)按重量份原料大米:小米:复合排铅果泥优选为30:5:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤6)依照重量份,米粉主料浆:白砂糖:全脂奶粉:复合维生素:复合矿物质=150:4:2:0.03:1的比例;所述复合维生素由重量比维生素A:维生素D:维生素B1:维生素B2:烟酸=14:10:1:1:6维生素组成;所述复合矿物质由按重量比磷酸氢钙:碳酸钙:焦磷酸铁:氧化锌:碘化钾=750:180:15:3:0.1的矿物质组成。
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