CN105507043B - 数码印花方法 - Google Patents

数码印花方法 Download PDF

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CN105507043B
CN105507043B CN201510994592.8A CN201510994592A CN105507043B CN 105507043 B CN105507043 B CN 105507043B CN 201510994592 A CN201510994592 A CN 201510994592A CN 105507043 B CN105507043 B CN 105507043B
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赵军伟
林红
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数码印花方法，包括如下步骤：织物预处理，烘干，喷射物理吸附剂，印前烘干，喷墨印花，印后烘干，汽蒸，水洗，烘干。本发明根据碳酸钙或介孔二氧化硅、介孔二氧化钛作为物理吸附剂在织物上形成多孔性表面能减少渗化现象的原理预先根据印花图案先喷射物理吸附剂，使得在织物所需印花和非印花区域之间的界面形成封闭层来阻止染料墨水向非印花区域渗化。

Description

数码印花方法
技术领域
本发明涉及喷印领域，尤其涉及一种数码印花方法。
背景技术
随着当今世界经济水平的整体提高，人们对服装、纺织品等的需求越来越趋于个性化和多样化，这对传统纺织业带来了一定积极的影响，要求生产制造领域也必须转变为多品种和小批量化的生产过程。数码印花技术的出现正好符合并适应这种新型的市场需求，数码印花技术是将精密机械、计算机和光电一体化等先进技术进行融合的产物，是对传统印花技术的一次重大突破。由于顾客对于不同织物类型的数码印花产品特别是高档类织物的数码印花产品的需求量在大幅度的增加，尤其是对高档羊绒织物的需求量在大幅度的增加，而以往的羊绒织物图案单一，数码印花图案的多样性与丰富性极大地填补了这一劣势。但在数码喷墨印花中，数码印花颜色传递介质是墨水，如果直接将墨水喷印在涤纶织物上，墨水会顺这涤纶织物的经纬线逐步渗化，产生墨点相互交融变成模糊一片，就不会有清晰的印花图案和层次感。因此目前业界普遍采用对织物预处理的方式来使得后续喷印上的墨水不渗化，如在预处理液中添加防渗化剂等，但防渗化的效果一般，且此类添加剂的用量不小。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种防渗化效果更好且预处理液用量少的数码印花方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：数码印花方法，包括如下步骤：织物预处理，烘干，喷射物理吸附剂，印前烘干，喷墨印花，印后烘干，汽蒸，水洗，烘干；在所述织物预处理这一工序中预处理液各成分的重量分数为：2%的糊料A-9、2%的SW-MN-08、3.5%的甘油、4.5%的尿素、10%的元明粉、0.4%的弱氧化剂和0.1%的酒石酸。本印花方法在织物预处理和印前烘干之间增加烘干和喷射物理吸附剂，并且在织物预处理这道工序中不添加碳酸钙粉末等物理吸附剂，而在预处理后再喷射碳酸钙粉末等物理吸附剂，主要是为了仅在印花图案处喷射碳酸钙粉末或其他物理吸附剂以形成防渗化的边界来更好地阻止渗化现象的发生。这样工序的增加也是为了不影响在先的预处理工序，因此预处理液涂覆后先烘干再喷碳酸钙粉末液或其他物理吸附剂再烘干，达到既形成所要的碳酸钙粉末液或其他物理吸附剂区域，且不影响前道工序—预处理工序的进行，因此在喷射碳酸钙粉末液或其他物理吸附剂前再加一道烘干工序很有必要。预处理液的上述配比渗化率更低，防渗化效果更好。
作为本发明数码印花方法的进一步改进，物理吸附剂为碳酸钙粉末液或介孔二氧化硅或介孔二氧化钛。采用介孔二氧化钛本身具有的高比表面积在织物表面形成多孔，且二氧化钛的紫外线掩蔽作用能在原有织物的基础上增加其防晒功能；而二氧化钛的光活性又能使得织物具备防菌的功能。
作为本发明数码印花方法的进一步改进，物理吸附剂的喷射位置为最终产品所需的图案的喷墨位置，所述喷射物理吸附剂和喷墨印花工序中涉及的打印喷头为同一个喷头，在前述两个不同工序中分别连接物理吸附剂管和墨管。依托数码印花的特点，按照印花图案的样式打印喷头喷射碳酸钙粉末液或喷射其他物理吸附剂先走一遍，仅在印花图案处喷射碳酸钙粉末液，之后烘干后再按照印花图案的样式喷射墨水，这样既节省了碳酸钙粉末液的用量，且在预处理后和喷墨印花前制造了与印花图案匹配的碳酸钙粉末区域，将其与非印花区域隔开，碳酸钙作为物理吸附剂在织物上形成多孔性表面，阻断了墨水沿织物经纬方向毛细管的毛细作用，能减少渗化，这样染料墨水喷射到织物上后由于印花区域的多孔性表面和非印花区域的非多孔性表面形成了强大的反差，相对于全部涂覆碳酸钙粉末液的织物，墨水在织物上的毛细现象得到进一步抑制。相对于整体涂覆碳酸钙粉末液的织物（染料沿织物纤维间的毛细管的扩散阻力在印花区域和非印花区域一样），仅在印花区域喷射碳酸钙粉末液则就像在印花区域的边界构筑了一道“墙壁”能更好地防止墨水的渗化（相对的，染料在印花区域沿织物纤维间的毛细管的扩散阻力则比非印花区域的阻力大，或者反向地看，印花区域因为含有碳酸钙粉末液，因此对墨水的吸附力更强，而非印花区域则对墨水的吸引更小，因此这样的方式防渗化效果更好）。另外，也可以将碳酸钙粉末液更换，而采用乌普萨盐（即非晶体碳酸镁）液，但不是在印花图案处喷射，而是在印花图案的边界喷射一层类似形成封闭层，即印花区域内无乌普萨盐液，基于乌普萨盐的高比表面积，在印花区域的边界喷射乌普萨盐液能很好地将印花区域封闭，使得印花区域与非印花区域被乌普萨盐隔离，一旦墨水喷射至印花区域，墨水沿着织物的毛细管向非印花区域扩散时，墨水到达乌普萨盐形成的涂覆“墙壁”处时即被吸附而无法再向非印花区域移动。当然，也可以在本发明的基础上（即印花区域喷射碳酸钙粉末液）再在印花区域的边界喷射乌普萨盐液。
作为本发明数码印花方法的进一步改进，在喷射物理吸附剂这一工序中，物理吸附剂的浓度为0.5%。碳酸钙过多反倒对防渗化不起作用，且过多的碳酸钙会影响织物的舒适性和柔软性。
作为本发明数码印花方法的进一步改进，糊料A-9、SW-MN-08的配制步骤为：称好糊料A-9和SW-MN-08的重量，保持搅拌的情况下，向软水中加入已称量好的糊料 A-9和SW-MN-08，再继续搅拌至均匀。这样是为了保证糊料的充分溶解而不至于成团成絮。
作为本发明数码印花方法的进一步改进，预处理液的配制步骤为：根据处理液的量计算所需的尿素的量放入温水中，后加入甘油、元明粉和弱氧化剂，搅拌至全溶后逐量加入所需糊料，不停搅拌至糊料溶涨且无团状颗粒，过程中预处理液温度不超过 60℃，冷却至室温后再加入酒石酸调节PH 值至5-6，再搅拌均匀，最后经 60—80 目锦纶丝网过滤后备用。
本发明仅在印花图案处喷射物理吸附剂，既节省了物理吸附剂的用量，又加强了其防渗化的效果；印花区域因为含有碳酸钙粉末液或其他物理吸附剂，因此对墨水的吸附力更强，而非印花区域则对墨水的吸附力小，因此这样的方式防渗化效果更好；预处理工序后烘干也是为了后道工序—喷射物理吸附剂不影响前道预处理的工序，为固化效果喷射物理吸附剂后再烘干。
具体实施方式
数码印花方法，包括如下步骤：织物预处理，烘干，喷射物理吸附剂，印前烘干，喷墨印花，印后烘干，汽蒸，水洗，烘干。物理吸附剂的喷射位置为最终产品所需的图案的喷墨位置，所述喷射物理吸附剂和喷墨印花工序中涉及的打印喷头为同一个喷头，在前述两个不同工序中分别连接物理吸附剂管和墨管。在织物预处理这一工序中预处理液各成分的重量分数为：2%的糊料A-9、2%的SW-MN-08、3.5%的甘油、4.5%的尿素、10%的元明粉、0.4%的弱氧化剂和0.1%的酒石酸。在喷射物理吸附剂这一工序中，物理吸附剂的浓度为0.5%。糊料A-9、SW-MN-08的配制步骤为：称好糊料A-9和SW-MN-08的重量，保持搅拌的情况下，向软水中加入已称量好的糊料 A-9和SW-MN-08，再继续搅拌至均匀。预处理液的配制步骤为：根据处理液的量计算所需的尿素的量放入温水中，后加入甘油、元明粉和弱氧化剂，搅拌至全溶后逐量加入所需糊料，不停搅拌至糊料溶涨且无团状颗粒，过程中预处理液温度不超过 60℃，冷却至室温后再加入酒石酸调节PH 值至5-6，再搅拌均匀，最后经 60—80 目锦纶丝网过滤后备用。
墨水在织物上的渗化程度的测定主要采用墨水点样面积法，测定方法为：通过电脑绘制点样，采用同样预处理液的每块织物试样各 20 圆点，每圆点直径为一个标准值，然后通过数码印花机将该图样打印在织物上。常温下晾干后分别处理，通过图像分析软件如image-pro或CPAS可得点样样品中墨点的面积，以此20 个墨水点样的平均面积值作为渗化程度的评价指标。渗化率=（工艺处理后的点样面积－打印后的点样面积）/打印后的点样面积×100%。
羊绒织物采用连续式蒸化机，温度为100℃-105℃，湿度为105%，时间为30min。
选用不同的羊绒织物分别采用如下不同的预处理液来和本发明中预处理液（采用本发明中处理工艺）的防渗化率作比较：
织物选型如下表：
分别对上表不同七种羊绒织物进行预处理，预处理液编号为：A、B、C、D、E；其中，预处理液A为本发明的预处理液成分，且采用本发明的印花方法，其他预处理液成分如下：
B：混合糊料(糊料A-9用量3% +海藻酸钠及改性淀粉混合用量为2%) ，碳酸钙0. 5g，甘油5%，尿素5%，元明粉10%，弱氧化剂0. 4%，释酸剂0. 1%，渗化率为3. 44%；
C：混合糊料(糊料SW-MN-08 用量为1. 5%，海藻酸钠及改性淀粉混合用量为3%) ，甘油4%，尿素4%，元明粉10%，弱氧化剂0. 6%，氧化铝0. 6 g，防沾色剂0. 5%，通过采用此配方打印的羊绒织物，防渗化性能比原来使用单一糊料提高了13. 28%；
D：糊料(海藻酸钠+改性淀粉)4.0 %，元明粉10 %，尿素5 %，渗透剂JFC 1 %，甘油4%，冰醋酸(醋酸钠)调节pH 值至5 ～ 6，印花油S 3 %；
E：DGT~2 3%、尿素10%、醋酸（PH=6）、过还原防止剂（NaClO3）2.5%。
其中，预处理液的涂覆方式均一样，采用80目网刮2遍。对比所得的渗化率（%）见如下实施例：
实施例1：
物理吸附剂为碳酸钙粉末液，对比所得的渗化率（%）如下表：
实施例2：
物理吸附剂为介孔二氧化硅，对比所得的渗化率（%）如下表：
实施例3：
物理吸附剂为介孔二氧化钛，对比所得的渗化率（%）如下表：
实施例4：
物理吸附剂为碳酸钙粉末液，印花区域的边界喷射乌普萨盐液（重量比为0.1%），对比所得的渗化率（%）如下表：
以上内容是结合具体的优选技术方案对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.数码印花方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：织物预处理，烘干，喷射物理吸附剂，印前烘干，喷墨印花，印后烘干，汽蒸，水洗，烘干；在所述织物预处理这一工序中预处理液各成分的重量分数为：2%的糊料A-9、2%的SW-MN-08、3.5%的甘油、4.5%的尿素、10%的元明粉、0.4%的弱氧化剂和0.1%的酒石酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的数码印花方法，其特征在于，所述物理吸附剂为碳酸钙粉末液或介孔二氧化硅或介孔二氧化钛。
3.根据权利要求1所述的数码印花方法，其特征在于，所述物理吸附剂的喷射位置为最终产品所需的图案的喷墨位置，所述喷射物理吸附剂和喷墨印花工序中涉及的打印喷头为同一个喷头，在前述两个不同工序中分别连接物理吸附剂管和墨管。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的数码印花方法，其特征在于，在所述喷射物理吸附剂这一工序中，物理吸附剂的浓度为0.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的数码印花方法，其特征在于，所述糊料A-9、SW-MN-08的配制步骤为：称好糊料A-9和SW-MN-08的重量，保持搅拌的情况下，向软水中加入已称量好的糊料A-9和SW-MN-08，再继续搅拌至均匀。
6.根据权利要求5所述的数码印花方法，其特征在于，所述预处理液的配制步骤为：根据处理液的量计算所需的尿素的量放入温水中，后加入甘油、元明粉和弱氧化剂，搅拌至全溶后逐量加入所需糊料，不停搅拌至糊料溶涨且无团状颗粒，过程中预处理液温度不超过60℃，冷却至室温后再加入酒石酸调节pH 值至5-6，再搅拌均匀，最后经 60—80 目锦纶丝网过滤后备用。
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