CN105482115B - 一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,包括采用由均苯四甲酸二酐、3,3',4,4'‑二苯酮四酸二酐以及三苯二醚二酐组成的二酐混合物与二胺共聚来制备聚酰胺酸溶液,同时由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂来制备黑色颜料浆料,最后将黑色颜料浆料加入聚酰胺酸溶液中,其中由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂与聚酰胺酸的重量比为0.5%‑5%,然后加入溶剂调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000 cP,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。本发明所得到的高绝缘强度聚酰亚胺黑膜具有高绝缘度和良好的机械性能,特别是具有良好的韧性,耐弯折。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,特别是一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法。
背景技术
聚酰亚胺薄膜(PI膜)自上世纪60年代投入应用以来,以其优异的热性能,介电性能和机械性能等使其成为电子和航天等工业领域的首选材料。随着电子产业的发展,对聚酰亚胺特性要求越来越高,其中黑色聚酰亚胺薄膜可以用于一些对光敏感的场合,例如黑色耐高温胶带、黑色耐高温标签、黑色覆盖膜、模组绑扎、智慧手机等领域得到广泛应用。
就黑色聚酰亚胺膜的制备技术来说,常用的有两种途径:即于聚合物薄膜上漆上或涂布黑色颜料,或将黑色颜料分散于该聚合物前驱物溶液中并将该溶液固化。然而,第一种方法黑色颜料涂敷完后着色差,附着力差,容易脱落,不太稳定,同时涂敷层树脂不耐高温;如中国专利201110451368.6采用黑色亚光油墨层来制备黑色聚酰亚胺薄膜,但是其黑色亚光油墨是以丙烯酸油墨树脂为基体,必然影响其高温稳定性;第二种方法黑色颜料通常系以碳为主,例如碳黑、纳米碳管及石墨,而添加以碳为主的填料具有一定的导电性,导致聚酰亚胺膜存在电绝缘性、电可靠性差这样的问题,同时黑色颜料这些无机物的添加也将大幅影响聚合物薄膜的力学性质,特别是韧性下降较大,导致薄膜多次弯折后易断裂等问题。如中国专利200710041510.3(CN101074291)公开了一种黑色聚酰亚胺薄膜制造方法的发明,采用10-20%的碳黑为原料,该发明黑色聚酰亚胺薄膜的伸长率只有18-20%,拉伸强度为140MPa,绝缘强度为20-30MV/m。随后中国专利200910053045.4(CN101579904)公开了采用碳黑、消光剂为原料,制备的黑色亚光聚酰亚胺薄膜的延伸率提高到40-45%,拉伸强度151MPa,绝缘强度也提高到82KV/mm,可见光透过率≤1%,吸光率92%。更进一步中国专利201280066713.7(CN104169330)公开了采用3-7.5%的炭黑、0.5-1.5%的屏蔽剂来制备的黑色聚酰亚胺薄膜,其断裂生成率可以达到95-106%,其绝缘强度可以达到95-110KV/mm,但是其机械性能(特别是断裂伸长率)和绝缘强度有待进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述现有技术的不足而提供一种断裂伸长率好且绝缘度高的高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所设计的高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将二胺放入反应釜中,并用溶剂溶解,然后再往反应釜中加入等摩尔总量的由均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA)和三苯二醚二酐(HQDPA)组成的二酐混合物,搅拌后制备成聚酰胺酸溶液,其中上述二酐混合物中按摩尔比计的配比分别是60%-80%的均苯四甲酸二酐、10%-20%的3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐以及10%-20%的三苯二醚二酐,其结构式分别为:
(2)将由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂加入到溶剂中,充分搅拌制备成黑色颜料浆料,其中偶联剂占添加剂重量比的0.2%-2%,消光剂占添加剂重量比的10%-20%;
(3)将黑色颜料浆料加入上述制备的聚酰胺酸溶液的反应釜中,其中由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂与聚酰胺酸的重量比为0.5%-5%;然后加入溶剂调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000cP,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。
所述溶剂是二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。所述二胺为4,4-二氨基二苯醚、对苯二胺、4,4-二氨基二苯基甲烷中的一种或几种。
所述黑色填料为炭黑、氧化钛或碳纤维粉中的一种或几种。其中炭黑采用不导电的炭黑,并通过其在浓硫酸回流2小时,使其表面改性接枝上-COOH,提高炭黑和聚酰胺酸的亲和力。
所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,是γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-β-(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基二甲氧基硅烷或乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种。
所述消光剂是硫酸钡(BaSO4)、氧化铝(Al2O3)、二氧化硅(SiO2)中的一种或几种。
按本发明的制备方法得到的高绝缘强度聚酰亚胺黑膜,具有良好的机械性能,其中断裂伸长率120-150%,绝缘强度150-200MV/m。其优点是采用共聚的办法,来提升薄膜在力学性能等方面的不足,在均苯四甲酸二酐提供高耐温性的基础上,添加3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐来提高其和添加剂的结合力,添加三苯二醚二酐来改善薄膜的力学性能,特别是薄膜的韧性,提高其断裂伸长率。添加剂中的炭黑采用不导电的炭黑,同时用酸处理后提高氧含量,并使用硅烷偶联剂从而提高其和聚酰亚胺的结合力,同时添加不导电的非碳黑色料如氧化钛来提高提高其绝缘强度,达到良好的综合性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1:
本实施例所提供的一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将4,4-二氨基二苯醚(1mol,200.2g)放入反应釜中,并用二甲基乙酰胺溶解,然后再加入二酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA,0.8mol,174.5g)、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA,0.1mol,32.2g)、三苯二醚二酐(HQDPA,0.1mol,40.2g)的混合物到反应釜中,搅拌,制备成所需的聚酰胺酸溶液;
(2)将处理后的炭黑(110.0g),硫酸钡(15.0g),γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(1.0g)加入到二甲基乙酰中,充分搅拌制备成黑色颜料浆料;
(3)将黑色颜料浆料加入上述制备的聚酰胺酸溶液的反应釜中,然后加入二甲基乙酰调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000cP范围内,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。
本实施例所得的高绝缘强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的拉伸强度为170MPa,断裂伸长率130%,绝缘强度160MV/m。
实施例2:
本实施例所提供的一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将4,4-二氨基二苯醚(1mol,200.2g)放入反应釜中,并用二甲基乙酰胺溶解,然后再加入二酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA,0.7mol,152.7g)、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA,0.1mol,32.2g)、三苯二醚二酐(HQDPA,0.2mol,80.5g)的混合物到反应釜中,搅拌,制备成所需的聚酰胺酸溶液;
(2)将处理后的炭黑(110.0g),硫酸钡(15.0g),γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(1.0g)加入到二甲基乙酰中,充分搅拌制备成黑色颜料浆料;
(3)将黑色颜料浆料加入上述制备的聚酰胺酸溶液的反应釜中,然后加入二甲基乙酰调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000cP范围内,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。
本实施例所得的高绝缘强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的拉伸强度为165MPa,断裂伸长率147%,绝缘强度167MV/m。
实施例3:
本实施例所提供的一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将4,4-二氨基二苯醚(1mol,200.2g)放入反应釜中,并用二甲基乙酰胺溶解,然后再加入二酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA,0.7mol,152.7g)、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA,0.15mol,48.3g)、三苯二醚二酐(HQDPA,0.15mol,60.3g)的混合物到反应釜中,搅拌,制备成所需的聚酰胺酸溶液;
(2)将处理后的炭黑(60.0g),氧化钛(50.0g),二氧化硅(15.0g),γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(1.0g)加入到二甲基乙酰中,充分搅拌制备成黑色颜料浆料;
(3)将黑色颜料浆料加入上述制备的聚酰胺酸溶液的反应釜中,然后加入二甲基乙酰调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000cP范围内,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。
本实施例所得的高绝缘强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的拉伸强度为160MPa,断裂伸长率140%,绝缘强度190MV/m。
Claims (6)
1.一种高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将二胺放入反应釜中,并用溶剂溶解,然后再往反应釜中加入等摩尔总量的由均苯四甲酸二酐、3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐以及三苯二醚二酐组成的二酐混合物,搅拌后制备成聚酰胺酸溶液,其中上述二酐混合物中按摩尔比计的配比分别是60%-80%的均苯四甲酸二酐、10%-20%的3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐以及10%-20%的三苯二醚二酐;
(2)将由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂加入到溶剂中,充分搅拌制备成黑色颜料浆料,其中偶联剂占添加剂重量比的0.2%-2%,消光剂占添加剂重量比的10%-20%;
(3)将黑色颜料浆料加入上述制备的聚酰胺酸溶液的反应釜中,其中由黑色填料、消光剂、偶联剂组成的添加剂与聚酰胺酸的重量比为0.5%-5%;然后加入溶剂调节控制最后反应生成物的粘度达到90000±5000 cP,然后脱泡流延成膜即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,其特征是所述溶剂是二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,其特征是所述二胺为4,4-二氨基二苯醚、对苯二胺、4,4-二氨基二苯基甲烷中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1 所述高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,其特征是所述黑色填料为炭黑或碳纤维粉中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1 所述高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,其特征是所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,是γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3 环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-β-(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ- 氨丙基二甲氧基硅烷或乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1 所述高绝缘高强度聚酰亚胺黑膜的制备方法,其特征是所述消光剂是硫酸钡、氧化铝、二氧化硅中的一种或几种。
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