CN105475105B - Production process of special culture medium for orchid cultivation - Google Patents
Production process of special culture medium for orchid cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105475105B CN105475105B CN201510893260.0A CN201510893260A CN105475105B CN 105475105 B CN105475105 B CN 105475105B CN 201510893260 A CN201510893260 A CN 201510893260A CN 105475105 B CN105475105 B CN 105475105B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of a special culture medium for orchid cultivation, which is characterized by comprising crushed stones, barks, peanut shells, peat soil, perlite and water in percentage by weight: 40-50% of broken stone, 0-30% of bark, 0-40% of peanut shell, 0-20% of perlite, 10% of water and 0-30% of peat soil. The matrix of the invention has simple components, is convenient to prepare, meets the nutritional requirements of the matrix in orchid cultivation, is environment-friendly, and saves the orchid cultivation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process of a special culture medium for orchid cultivation, which is applied to the field of orchid cultivation.
Background
Orchids are ancient plants with thousands of years of history, bear a considerable amount of Chinese traditional culture, and are receiving more and more attention from people in the current promotion of the traditional social environment. The orchid grows in the wild forest in the deep mountain originally, and is shady, ventilated and water-accumulation-free. Therefore, the culture medium is required to have the characteristics of ventilation, softness, good water leakage and the like for the healthy growth of the orchid. When the existing culture medium is used for cultivating orchids, root rot often occurs, so that the survival rate of the orchids is low, and the sale of enterprises is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a production process of a special culture medium for orchid culture.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the production process of the culture medium special for orchid cultivation comprises the following steps:
step S01: cooking peanut shells for 20-30 minutes, drying and crushing;
step S02: retting the peanut shells obtained in the step S01;
step S03: degreasing barks, crushing the barks, and then drying the barks;
step S04: stirring and mixing the materials obtained in the steps S02 and S03 with crushed stone, perlite, peat soil and water;
the culture medium consists of crushed stones, barks, peanut shells, peat soil, perlite and water, and the weight percentage is as follows: 40-50% of broken stone, 0-30% of bark, 0-40% of peanut shell, 0-20% of perlite, 10% of water and 0-30% of peat soil; the specific formula 1 is as follows: 40% of broken stone, 30% of peat soil, 20% of bark and 10% of water; the specific formula 2 is as follows: 50% of broken stone, 40% of peanut shell and 10% of water; the specific formula 3 is as follows: 40% of crushed stone, 30% of bark, 20% of perlite and 10% of water; the step S01 is carried out in a cooking and spin-drying pulverizer; the cooking and spin-drying pulverizer comprises a boat-shaped cooking groove embedded in the ground, wherein a steam pipeline for spraying steam into the boat-shaped cooking groove is embedded in the side wall of the boat-shaped cooking groove; the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a transparent cover plate; the bottom of the ship-shaped cooking groove is provided with a water chute, and a water filtering plate is covered on the water chute; a pushing device for pushing the peanut shells in the boat-shaped cooking groove to the other end is erected on the cross bar on the boat-shaped cooking groove; the pushing device comprises a rail arranged on the cross rod and a rail car electrically controlled to travel on the rail, and a push plate matched with the cross section of the ship-shaped cooking groove is arranged below the rail car; the other end of the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a discharge gate; a groove frame is arranged below the discharging gate, a rotary drum coaxial with the groove frame is arranged in the groove frame, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in two side walls of the rotary drum, the bottom of the rotary drum is in driving connection with an output shaft of a first motor fixedly connected to a frame, a cylinder with a downward piston rod is connected to the cross rod, a motor base is fixedly connected to a piston rod of the cylinder, a second motor with a downward output shaft is fixedly connected to the motor base, and a grinding disc with grinding marks on the surface is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; a negative pressure material guide pipe controlled by a pipe valve is arranged on the cross rod; when the peanut shell pushing device is used, the baffle of the pushing device is moved to the leftmost end, peanut shells are placed in the boat-shaped cooking groove, then the transparent cover plate is covered, steam is introduced, after 20-30 minutes, the discharging gate is opened, and the pushing device is controlled to push the cooked peanut shells into the rotary drum; starting the first motor, centrifugally drying the peanut shells, starting the second motor after drying, simultaneously controlling the cylinder to descend the second motor, and crushing the peanut shells through the grinding disc; finally, the peanut shells in the rotary drum are transferred out through the negative pressure material guide pipe; the step S03 is performed in a bark processing device, which includes a bark soaking machine, a pulverizer and a dryer that are mutually communicated by Zigbee; the soaking machine comprises a material storage tank, a cover plate is hinged to the material storage tank, the cover plate is connected with a vacuum pump pipeline through an air guide pipe, a water pipe which is jacked up by a support and transversely arranged is arranged in the material storage tank, water holes capable of discharging water towards the upper side and the lower side of the water pipe are formed in the water pipe, a water discharging hole connected with a water discharging pipe is formed in the bottom of the material storage tank, a water discharging valve is arranged on the water discharging pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water pipe located on the outer side of the material storage tank; the dryer comprises a drying cylinder, an air compressor is arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, and an air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet at the bottom of the drying cylinder through an air heater; the drying cylinder is provided with an inverted cone bottom, a spiral air inlet pipeline is arranged on the inner wall of the inverted cone bottom, and air inlets are uniformly formed in the spiral air inlet pipeline; the drying cylinder is provided with a cover, the bottom of the cover is provided with a filter layer, and the top of the cover is provided with an air outlet; when the bark vacuum pump is used, the cover plate is opened, barks are placed in the material storage tank, the cover plate is covered, the vacuum pump is started to vacuumize the material storage tank, then the water inlet valve is started, and after the air pressure in the tank is normal, the drain valve is started to drain water; and vacuumizing, repeating the steps for two to three times, fully storing the material storage tank with water, soaking for 10 days, repeating the process for two times, putting the barks into a crusher for crushing after 30 days, putting the crushed barks into a dryer, starting an air compressor and a heater after the dryer is closed, filling high-pressure gas into a drying cylinder, and drying.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the devices adopted in step S02 and step S03 both transmit the operation data to a server via a wireless network for recording and displaying, and perform an early warning according to manually set parameters.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the crushed stone includes granite, and the granite is 0.1-0.5 cm in size; the perlite is granule with size of 0.1-0.5 cm.
The invention has the advantages that: the matrix of the invention has simple components, is convenient to prepare, meets the nutritional requirements of the matrix in orchid cultivation, is environment-friendly, and saves the orchid cultivation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture employed in the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The invention relates to a production process of a culture medium special for orchid cultivation, which comprises the following steps of:
step S01: cooking peanut shells for 20-30 minutes, drying and crushing;
step S02: retting the peanut shells obtained in the step S01;
step S03: degreasing barks, crushing the barks, and then drying the barks;
step S04: stirring and mixing the materials obtained in the steps S02 and S03 with crushed stone, perlite, peat soil and water according to the proportion;
the culture medium consists of crushed stones, barks, peanut shells, peat soil, perlite and water, and the weight percentage is as follows: 40-50% of broken stone, 0-30% of bark, 0-40% of peanut shell, 0-20% of perlite, 10% of water and 0-30% of peat soil; the specific formula 1 is as follows: 40% of broken stone, 30% of peat soil, 20% of bark and 10% of water; the specific formula 2 is as follows: 50% of broken stone, 40% of peanut shell and 10% of water; the specific formula 3 is as follows: 40% of crushed stone, 30% of bark, 20% of perlite and 10% of water; the peanut shells or the chaff; in order to meet the cultivation requirements of different orchid varieties, specific formulas are selected, such as the formulas 1 to 3, then the required substrate is prepared when the plant materials are prepared, and the plant materials are placed into a stirrer in proportion and poured into a cultivation pot after being stirred; the orchid cultivated by the substrate has high survival rate, vigorous growth, bright color and low disease and insect pest incidence rate, and meets the requirements of enterprises on cultivation survival rate and quality;
the step S01 is carried out in a cooking and spin-drying pulverizer; as shown in fig. 2, the cooking, spin-drying and crushing machine comprises a boat-shaped cooking tank 1 embedded on the ground, wherein a steam pipeline 2 for spraying steam into the boat-shaped cooking tank is embedded in the side wall of the boat-shaped cooking tank; the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a transparent cover plate 22; the bottom of the ship-shaped cooking groove is provided with a water chute 3, and a water filtering plate 4 is covered on the water chute; a pushing device 5 for pushing the peanut shells in the boat-shaped cooking groove to the other end is erected on the cross rod 12 on the boat-shaped cooking groove; the pushing device comprises a rail arranged on the cross rod and a rail car 28 electrically controlled to travel on the rail, and a push plate 27 matched with the cross section of the boat-shaped cooking groove is arranged below the rail car; the other end of the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a discharge gate (not shown in the figure); a groove frame 14 is arranged below the discharge gate, a rotary drum 15 coaxial with the groove frame is arranged in the groove frame, a plurality of water outlet holes 16 are formed in two side walls of the rotary drum, the bottom of the rotary drum is in driving connection with an output shaft of a first motor 17 fixedly connected to a frame, a cylinder 30 with a downward piston rod is connected to the cross rod 12, a motor base 31 is fixedly connected to a piston rod of the cylinder, a second motor 32 with a downward output shaft is fixedly connected to the motor base, and a grinding disc 33 with grinding marks on the surface is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; a negative pressure material guide pipe 18 controlled by a pipe valve is arranged on the cross rod; when the peanut shell pushing device is used, the baffle of the pushing device is moved to the leftmost end, peanut shells are placed in the boat-shaped cooking groove, then the transparent cover plate is covered, steam is introduced, after 20-30 minutes, the discharging gate is opened, and the pushing device is controlled to push the cooked peanut shells into the rotary drum; starting the first motor, centrifugally drying the peanut shells, starting the second motor after drying, simultaneously controlling the cylinder to descend the second motor, and crushing the peanut shells through the grinding disc; finally, the peanut shells in the rotary drum are transferred out through the negative pressure material guide pipe;
the step S03 is performed in a bark processing device, please refer to fig. 2, where the bark processing device includes a bark soaking machine, a crushing machine and a drying machine which are mutually communicated by Zigbee; the soaking machine comprises a material storage tank 34, a cover plate 35 is hinged to the material storage tank, the cover plate is connected with a vacuum pump 37 through a pipeline 36, a water pipe 39 which is jacked up by a support 38 and transversely arranged is arranged in the material storage tank, water holes 40 which can discharge water towards the upper side and the lower side of the water pipe are arranged on the water pipe, a drain hole which is connected with a drain pipe 41 is arranged at the bottom of the material storage tank, a drain valve 42 is arranged on the drain pipe, and a water inlet valve 43 is arranged on the water pipe positioned on the outer side of the material storage tank; the dryer comprises a drying cylinder 44, an air compressor 19 is arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, and the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the air inlet at the bottom of the drying cylinder through an air heater 20; the drying cylinder is provided with an inverted cone-shaped cylinder bottom, a spiral air inlet pipeline 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the inverted cone-shaped cylinder bottom, and air inlets are uniformly formed in the spiral air inlet pipeline; the drying cylinder is provided with a cover 23, the bottom of the cover is provided with a filter layer 24, and the top of the cover is provided with an air outlet 25; when the bark vacuum pump is used, the cover plate is opened, barks are placed in the material storage tank, the cover plate is covered, the vacuum pump is started to vacuumize the material storage tank, then the water inlet valve is started, and after the air pressure in the tank is normal, the drain valve is started to drain water; and vacuumizing, repeating the steps for two to three times, fully storing the material storage tank with water, soaking for 10 days, repeating the process for two times, putting the barks into a crusher 45 after 30 days in total, crushing, then putting the barks into a dryer, starting an air compressor and a heater after the dryer is closed, filling high-pressure gas into a drying cylinder, and drying.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the devices used in step S02 and step S03 transmit the operation data to a server 46 via a wireless network for recording and displaying, and perform early warning according to manually set parameters.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the crushed stone includes granite, and the granite is 0.1-0.5 cm in size; the perlite is granule with size of 0.1-0.5 cm. The process can greatly shorten the production period of the substrate, realize semi-automation of production and data statistics in the production process, and ensure the production quality of new technical improvement and material tracking for engineers.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The production process of the culture medium special for orchid cultivation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S01: cooking peanut shells for 20-30 minutes, drying and crushing;
step S02: retting the peanut shells obtained in the step S01;
step S03: degreasing and crushing barks, and then drying the barks;
step S04: stirring and mixing the materials obtained in the steps S02 and S03 with crushed stone, perlite, peat soil and water;
the culture medium consists of crushed stones, barks, peanut shells, peat soil, perlite and water, and the weight percentage is as follows: 40-50% of broken stone, 0-30% of bark, 0-40% of peanut shell, 0-20% of perlite, 10% of water and 0-30% of peat soil; the specific formula 1 is as follows: 40% of broken stone, 30% of peat soil, 20% of bark and 10% of water; the specific formula 2 is as follows: 50% of broken stone, 40% of peanut shell and 10% of water; the specific formula 3 is as follows: 40% of crushed stone, 30% of bark, 20% of perlite and 10% of water; the step S01 is carried out in a cooking and spin-drying pulverizer; the cooking and spin-drying pulverizer comprises a boat-shaped cooking groove embedded in the ground, wherein a steam pipeline for spraying steam into the boat-shaped cooking groove is embedded in the side wall of the boat-shaped cooking groove; the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a transparent cover plate; the bottom of the ship-shaped cooking groove is provided with a water chute, and a water filtering plate is covered on the water chute; a pushing device for pushing the peanut shells in the boat-shaped cooking groove to the other end is erected on the cross bar on the boat-shaped cooking groove; the pushing device comprises a rail arranged on the cross rod and a rail car electrically controlled to travel on the rail, and a push plate matched with the cross section of the ship-shaped cooking groove is arranged below the rail car; the other end of the boat-shaped cooking groove is provided with a discharge gate; a groove frame is arranged below the discharging gate, a rotary drum coaxial with the groove frame is arranged in the groove frame, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in two side walls of the rotary drum, the bottom of the rotary drum is in driving connection with an output shaft of a first motor fixedly connected to a frame, a cylinder with a downward piston rod is connected to the cross rod, a motor base is fixedly connected to a piston rod of the cylinder, a second motor with a downward output shaft is fixedly connected to the motor base, and a grinding disc with grinding marks on the surface is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; a negative pressure material guide pipe controlled by a pipe valve is arranged on the cross rod; when the peanut shell pushing device is used, the baffle of the pushing device is moved to the leftmost end, peanut shells are placed in the boat-shaped cooking groove, then the transparent cover plate is covered, steam is introduced, after 20-30 minutes, the discharging gate is opened, and the pushing device is controlled to push the cooked peanut shells into the rotary drum; starting a first motor, centrifugally spin-drying the peanut shells, starting a second motor after spin-drying, simultaneously controlling a cylinder to descend the second motor, and crushing the peanut shells through the grinding disc; finally, the peanut shells in the rotary drum are transferred out through the negative pressure material guide pipe; the step S03 is performed in a bark processing device, which includes a bark soaking machine, a pulverizer and a dryer that are mutually communicated by Zigbee; the soaking machine comprises a material storage tank, a cover plate is hinged to the material storage tank, the cover plate is connected with a vacuum pump pipeline through an air guide pipe, a water pipe which is jacked up by a support and transversely arranged is arranged in the material storage tank, water holes capable of discharging water towards the upper side and the lower side of the water pipe are formed in the water pipe, a water discharging hole connected with a water discharging pipe is formed in the bottom of the material storage tank, a water discharging valve is arranged on the water discharging pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water pipe located on the outer side of the material storage tank; the dryer comprises a drying cylinder, an air compressor is arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, and an air outlet end of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet at the bottom of the drying cylinder through an air heater; the drying cylinder is provided with an inverted cone bottom, a spiral air inlet pipeline is arranged on the inner wall of the inverted cone bottom, and air inlets are uniformly formed in the spiral air inlet pipeline; the drying cylinder is provided with a cover, the bottom of the cover is provided with a filter layer, and the top of the cover is provided with an air outlet; when the bark vacuum pump is used, the cover plate is opened, barks are placed in the material storage tank, the cover plate is covered, the vacuum pump is started to vacuumize the material storage tank, then the water inlet valve is started, and after the air pressure in the tank is normal, the drain valve is started to drain water; and vacuumizing, repeating the steps for two to three times, fully storing the material storage tank with water, soaking for 10 days, repeating the process for two times, putting the barks into a crusher for crushing after 30 days, putting the crushed barks into a dryer, starting an air compressor and a heater after the dryer is closed, filling high-pressure gas into a drying cylinder, and drying.
2. The production process of the culture medium special for orchid cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: and the devices adopted in the step S02 and the step S03 transmit the operation data to a server through a wireless network for recording and displaying, and perform early warning according to the manually set parameters.
3. The production process of the culture medium special for orchid cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: the gravel comprises granite, and the size of the granite is 0.1-0.5 cm; the perlite is granule with size of 0.1-0.5 cm.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105532393A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 福建连城兰花股份有限公司 | Production auxiliary system for culture medium specially used for orchid cultivation, and use method thereof |
| CN106718742A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 张传军 | Orchid cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107211669A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases |
| CN107646646A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-02 | 古田县恒春农业开发有限公司 | A kind of oncidiumLuridum new method for cultivating |
| CN108782128A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽霍山县东方大地生态农林有限公司 | A kind of novel orchid implant materials |
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