CN105473311A - 接合体和接合方法 - Google Patents

接合体和接合方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105473311A
CN105473311A CN201480043203.7A CN201480043203A CN105473311A CN 105473311 A CN105473311 A CN 105473311A CN 201480043203 A CN201480043203 A CN 201480043203A CN 105473311 A CN105473311 A CN 105473311A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
component
bonding layer
conjugant
engaged
injection moulding
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201480043203.7A
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English (en)
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CN105473311B (zh
Inventor
斋藤大贺
永田员也
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Asahi Kasei Corp
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Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Publication of CN105473311A publication Critical patent/CN105473311A/zh
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Publication of CN105473311B publication Critical patent/CN105473311B/zh
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14311—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using means for bonding the coating to the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14795—Porous or permeable material, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207—Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B29C65/8215—Tensile tests
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8253—Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • B29C66/24245—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle forming a square
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

接合体1通过经由接合层4将第一构件2与材料不同于第一构件2的第二构件3接合而得到，在第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下。

Description

接合体和接合方法
技术领域
本发明涉及将第一构件与材料不同于上述第一构件的第二构件接合而得到的接合体及其接合方法。
背景技术
以往，作为将金属与树脂接合的方法，有专利文献1中记载的接合方法。该接合方法为如下方法：将聚合物的激光接合用片夹在金属的第一构件与树脂的第二构件之间，利用激光的照射使激光接合用片熔融，从而将第一构件与第二构件接合来进行制造。由此，得到经由激光接合用片将第一构件与第二构件接合的接合体。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本专利第4771387号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
但是，利用激光焊接将金属的第一构件与树脂的第二构件焊接时，激光接合用片的材料无法进入形成在金属的第一构件的表面上的孔等间隙，从而该间隙内残留空隙。因此，有可能无法充分得到第一构件与第二构件的接合强度。
另外，在专利文献1记载的接合方法中，激光接合用片为平面片状，因此，无法应对第一构件与第二构件的接合面为立体的三维形状的情况，形状自由度极小。此外，激光接合用片只是单纯地夹在第一构件与第二构件之间，因此，激光焊接用片的位置保持性低，品质稳定性的提高有限。而且，需要根据第一构件与第二构件的接合面的形状来制作激光接合用片，因此，激光接合用片的制作中产生大量废弃边角料，并且耗费激光接合用片的加工费。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供可实现接合强度的提高的接合体和接合方法。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明的接合体通过经由接合层将第一构件与材料不同于上述第一构件的第二构件接合而得到，在第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下。
本发明的接合体中，在第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下，因此，可实现第一构件与第二构件的接合强度的提高。
在这种情况下，接合层的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量可以为800MPa以上且2400MPa以下，进而，23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量可以为1200MPa以上且2000MPa以下。23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的接合层的拉伸弹性模量小于800MPa时，第一构件与接合层的接合强度低，23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的接合层的拉伸弹性模量高于2400MPa时，接合层的线膨胀松弛效果降低。因此，通过使23℃下的接合层的拉伸弹性模量为800MPa以上且2400MPa以下，能够提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。
另外，接合层可以含有5重量％以上且75重量％以下的弹性体成分。弹性体成分少于5重量％时，接合层的线膨胀松弛效果降低，弹性体成分高于75重量％时，第一构件与接合层的结合强度降低。因此，通过使接合层的弹性体成分为5重量％以上且75重量％以下，能够提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。
另外，弹性体的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量可以为50MPa以上且1000MPa以下。由此，能够进一步提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够进一步提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。在这种情况下，作为弹性体，可以列举例如苯乙烯类弹性体、烯烃类弹性体、工程塑料类弹性体、聚酯类弹性体等。
本发明的接合方法为将第一构件与材料不同于第一构件的第二构件接合的接合方法，其包括：在第一构件的将要与第二构件接合的接合面上，通过注射成型一体地层叠用于将第一构件与第二构件接合的接合层的注射成型工序；和在注射成型工序之后将第二构件接合于接合层的接合工序。
根据本发明的接合方法，通过接合层的注射成型在第一构件的接合面上一体地层叠接合层，因此，与通过激光焊接将第一构件与接合层接合的情况相比，接合层容易进入形成在第一构件的表面的孔等间隙，不易残留该间隙。结果，能够减少在第一构件与接合层的接合界面产生的气泡的数量。因此，在经由接合层将第一构件与第二构件接合而成的接合体中，可实现第一构件与第二构件的接合强度的提高。此外，在注射成型工序中，通过注射成型在第一构件上一体地层叠接合层，因此，即使第一构件与第二构件的接合面为立体的三维形状，也能够在第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面上形成接合层。由此，能够通过接合工序将第一构件与第二构件适当地接合。另外，注射成型的接合层不会像专利文献1的激光接合用片那样相对于第一构件发生偏移，因此，能够实现接合品质的稳定性。而且，能够仅在必要的部位形成接合层，不会像专利文献1那样产生激光接合用片的废弃边角料、加工费，因此可实现成本降低。
在这种情况下，接合工序中可以通过焊接将第二构件接合于接合层。由此，能够将第一构件与第二构件适当地接合。需要说明的是，作为焊接，可以列举激光焊接、热板焊接、振动焊接、超声波焊接等，其中，优选激光焊接。
另外，在注射成型工序中，可以还包括在第一构件的接合面上形成孔的表面处理工序。由此，接合层对第一构件的接合强度提高。特别是，在注射成型工序中，通过注射成型，接合层在熔融的状态下进入形成在接合面上的孔中，因此，接合层对第一构件的接合强度进一步提高。
另外，第一构件可以由金属和玻璃中的任一种形成，第二构件可以由树脂形成。由此，能够将树脂与金属或玻璃适当地接合。而且，虽然与树脂相比金属和玻璃难以与接合层接合，但通过对金属或玻璃进行接合层的注射成型，能够使接合层牢固地接合于金属或玻璃。
发明效果
根据本发明，可实现接合强度的提高。
附图说明
图1是表示实施方式的接合方法的流程图。
图2是表示第一构件、第二构件和接合层的关系的立体图。
图3是表示注射成型工序中的嵌件成型的状态的剖视图。
图4是表示接合面的形状例的立体图。
图5是表示实施方式的接合体的示意图。
图6是表示实施例1～11和比较例1、2的接合体的剖视图。
图7是表示激光焊接条件的图。
图8是表示实施例1～11和比较例1、2的试验结果的图。
图9是表示实施例12～14的接合体的剖视图。
图10是表示实施例12～14的试验结果的图。
图11是用于说明气泡数的计数方法的示意图。
图12是图11的局部放大图。
图13是用于说明热冲击试验的方法的示意图。
图14是表示参考例1和比较例3的试验结果的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本发明的接合体和接合方法的优选实施方式进行详细说明。本实施方式的接合体为经由接合层将第一构件与材料不同于第一构件的第二构件接合而得到的接合体。本实施方式的接合方法为制造本实施方式的接合体的方法，其为经由接合层将第一构件与材料不同于第一构件的第二构件接合的接合方法。需要说明的是，在全部图中，对相同或相应的部分赋予相同的符号。
图1为表示实施方式的接合方法的流程图。如图1所示，本实施方式的接合方法中，首先，进行在第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面上，通过注射成型一体地层叠用于将第一构件与第二构件接合的接合层的注射成型工序(步骤S1)。作为在注射成型工序(步骤S1)中进行的注射成型方法，没有特别限制，例如，在第一构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，可以采用嵌件成型，在第一构件由树脂构成的情况下，可以采用双色成型。但是，注射成型的方法并不限定于这些，可以采用各种注射成型的方法。第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面通常不是完美的平面，因此，形成有微细的间隙。在第一构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，优选在第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面上形成孔。该孔在第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面上形成间隙，用于进一步提高接合层对第一构件(接合面)的接合强度。孔的形成可以通过任意的处理来进行，例如可以通过铝阳极氧化处理、激光照射来进行。需要说明的是，将通过注射成型工序(步骤S1)在接合面上注射成型有接合层的所得物称为接合层形成体。
接着，进行将第二构件接合于接合层的接合工序(步骤S2)。需要说明的是，将通过接合工序(步骤S2)在接合层上接合有第二构件的所得物称为接合体。作为在接合工序(步骤S2)中进行的接合方法，没有特别限制，例如可以采用焊接。作为焊接，可以列举激光焊接、热板焊接、振动焊接、超声波焊接等，其中，优选激光焊接。在这种情况下，例如，在第二构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，可以将接合层熔融而在第二构件上形成接合层，在第二构件由树脂构成的情况下，可以将接合层和第二构件中的任一者熔融从而将第二构件接合于接合层，也可以将接合层和第二构件这两者熔融从而将第二构件接合于接合层。但是，接合方法并不限定于焊接，可以采用各种接合方法。另外，在第二构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，优选在第二构件的与接合层接合的接合面上形成孔。该孔用于提高接合层对第二构件(接合面)的接合强度。孔的形成可以通过任意的处理来进行，例如可以通过铝阳极氧化处理、激光照射来进行。需要说明的是，将通过接合工序(步骤S2)经由接合层将第一构件与第二构件接合的所得物称为接合体。
图5是表示实施方式的接合体的示意图。如图5所示，本实施方式的接合体1为经由接合层4将第一构件2与材料不同于第一构件2的第二构件3接合而得到的接合体。详细地来说明，接合体1中，在第一构件2的将要与第二构件3接合的接合面2a上，通过注射成型一体地层叠有接合层4，在接合层4上接合有第二构件3。接合层4与第二构件3通过焊接进行接合。
而且，在第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下。在这种情况下，该气泡优选为80个以下，更优选为60个以下，进一步优选为40个以下。
在此，对气泡数的计算方法进行说明。首先，使用株式会社日立高科制造的IM4000沿各层方向对接合体1进行宽离子束加工，从而制作第一构件2与第二构件3的接合方向α上的截面试样。然后，利用SEM(扫描型电子显微镜：ScanningElectronMicroscope)对该截面试样进行观察。作为观察条件，例如，可以将日立高科制造的S-4700设定为加速电压2.0kV、拍摄倍数10.0k的条件。接着，提取出该SEM图像(照片)中的第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围。接着，在所提取的范围内，计数空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡的数量。需要说明的是，利用SEM在加速电压2.0kV、拍摄倍数10.0k的条件下放大时能够观察到的空隙的尺寸为1.5×10-3μm2以上。在本实施方式的接合体1中，这样计数出的气泡数为100个以下。需要说明的是，本实施方式的接合体1例如可以通过上述的接合方法来制造。
作为第一构件2的材料，没有特别限制，可以使用金属、玻璃、陶瓷、树脂等各种材料。例如，在接合工序(步骤S2)中通过从第一构件2侧照射激光而对接合层4和第二构件3进行激光焊接的情况下，作为第一构件2，优选使用对激光具有透射性的材料。
作为第二构件3的材料，只要是与第一构件2不同的材料，就没有特别限制，可以使用金属、玻璃、陶瓷、树脂等各种材料。例如，在接合工序(步骤S2)中通过从第二构件3侧照射激光而对接合层4和第二构件3进行激光焊接的情况下，作为第二构件3，优选使用对激光具有透射性的材料。
作为接合层4的材料(也称为“接合层材料”)，只要能够将第一构件2与第二构件3接合，就没有特别限制，可以使用各种接合材料。例如在接合工序(步骤S2)中对接合层4和第二构件3进行激光焊接的情况下，作为接合层4，优选使用通过激光照射发生熔融的材料。
接合层4例如可以含有5重量％以上且75重量％以下的弹性体成分。在这种情况下，优选使弹性体成分为10重量％以上且70重量％以下，更优选为15重量％以上且65重量％以下，进一步优选为20重量％以上且60重量％以下。弹性体成分高于75重量％时(橡胶成分过多时)，流动性降低，由此难以进入第一构件2的孔(间隙)，第一构件与接合层的接合强度降低。因此，通过使接合层的弹性体成分为75重量％以下，流动性提高，由此容易进入第一构件2的孔(间隙)，能够提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度。另一方面，弹性体成分少于5重量％时(橡胶成分过少时)，接合层的线膨胀松弛效果降低。因此，通过使接合层的弹性体成分为5重量％以上，能够提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。
作为接合层4中含有的弹性体，例如可以是23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为50MPa以上且1000MPa以下的弹性体。在此，吸水状态为绝对干燥状态是指水分率为0.1％以下的状态。由此，能够进一步提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够进一步提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。在这种情况下，作为接合层4中含有的弹性体，可以列举例如苯乙烯类弹性体、烯烃类弹性体、工程塑料类弹性体、聚酯类弹性体等。
另外，从保持高接合强度的观点出发，接合层4的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量可以设定为800MPa以上且2400MPa以下。在这种情况下，接合层4的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量优选为1200MPa以上且2000MPa以下，更优选为1600MPa以上且1900MPa以下。接合层4的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量低于800MPa时，第一构件与接合层的接合强度低，23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的接合层的拉伸弹性模量高于2400MPa时，接合层的线膨胀松弛效果降低。
接着，参照图2和图3对作为本实施方式的接合体和接合方法的具体例的、制造经由接合层14将斗形(枡形)的金属制容器12与树脂制盖13接合而成的接合体11的情况进行说明。
图2是表示第一构件、第二构件和接合层的关系的立体图。图3是表示注射成型工序中的嵌件成型的状态的剖视图。
首先，准备在上方开口的斗形的金属制容器12(参照图2(a))，通过铝阳极氧化处理、激光照射等在金属制容器12的上端面12a形成多个孔。
接着，如图3所示，准备收容金属制容器12、并且形成有用于在金属制容器12的上端面12a上形成接合层14的接合层形成空间15的模具16。然后，在该模具16中设置金属制容器12(参照图3(a))，将形成接合层的接合层材料加热熔融并浇注到接合层形成空间15中(参照图3(b))。然后，使接合层材料冷却固化，由此在金属制容器12的上端面12a上层叠接合层14。此时，熔融的接合层材料进入形成在金属制容器12的上端面12a的多个孔中。因此，通过使接合层材料冷却固化，利用锚固效果可以进一步提高接合层14对上端面12a的接合强度。由此，形成在上端面12a上注射成型有接合层14的接合层形成体(参照图2(b))。
接着，准备与金属制容器12接合的树脂制盖13(参照图2(c))，通过激光焊接将树脂制盖13焊接于接合层形成体的接合层14。由此，形成经由接合层14将金属制容器12与树脂制盖13牢固接合的接合体11(参照图2(d))。
如以上所说明的，根据本实施方式的接合体1，在第一构件2与第二构件3的接合方向α的接合层4的截面中，在第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下，因此，可实现第一构件2与第二构件3的接合强度的提高。
另外，通过使接合层4的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为800MPa以上且2400MPa以下，能够提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。
另外，通过使接合层的弹性体成分为5重量％以上且75重量％以下，能够提高第一构件与接合层的接合强度，并且能够提高接合层的线膨胀松弛效果。
另外，通过使弹性体的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为50MPa以上且1000MPa以下，能够进一步提高第一构件2与接合层4的接合强度，并且能够进一步提高接合层4的线膨胀松弛效果。
根据本实施方式的接合方法，通过接合层的注射成型在第一构件的接合面上一体地层叠接合层，因此，与通过激光焊接将第一构件与接合层接合的情况相比，接合层容易进入形成在第一构件的表面上的孔等间隙，不易残留该间隙。结果，能够减少在第一构件与接合层的接合界面产生的气泡的数量。因此，在经由接合层将第一构件与第二构件接合而成的接合体中，可实现第一构件与第二构件的接合强度的提高。此外，通过注射成型工序(步骤S1)在第一构件上注射成型接合层，因此，即使第一构件与第二构件的接合面为立体的三维形状，也能够在第一构件的与第二构件接合的接合面上形成接合层。由此，能够通过接合工序(步骤S2)将第一构件与第二构件适当地接合。例如，即使如图4所示的接合体21那样第一构件22与第二构件23的接合面形成为立体的阶梯状，也能够容易地在第一构件22的接合面22a上形成接合层24，因此，能够适当地将第一构件22与第二构件23接合。
另外，注射成型的接合层不会像专利文献1的激光接合用片那样相对于第一构件发生偏移，因此，能够实现接合品质的稳定性。而且，能够仅在必要的部位形成接合层，不会像专利文献1那样产生激光接合用片的废弃边角料、加工费，因此可实现成本降低。
另外，在第一构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，通过在第一构件上形成孔，接合层对第一构件的接合强度提高。在注射成型工序(步骤S1)中，通过注射成型，接合层在熔融的状态下进入形成在接合面上的孔中，因此，接合层对第一构件的接合强度进一步提高。同样地，在第二构件由金属、玻璃或陶瓷构成的情况下，通过在第二构件上形成孔，接合层对第二构件的接合强度提高。在接合工序(步骤S2)中将接合层熔融的情况下，接合层在熔融的状态下进入形成在接合面上的孔中，因此，接合层对第二构件的接合强度进一步提高。
另外，虽然与树脂相比金属不易与接合层接合，但通过对金属的第一构件进行接合层的注射成型，能够使接合层牢固地接合于金属的第一构件。
以上，对本发明的优选实施方式进行了说明，但本发明并不限定于上述实施方式。
例如，在上述实施方式的具体说明中，对由金属形成第一构件、由树脂形成第二构件的情况进行了说明，但第一构件和第二构件的材料并没有限定，可以采用各种材料。例如，可以由玻璃形成第一构件，另外，可以由树脂形成第一构件、由金属形成第二构件。需要说明的是，在由树脂形成第一构件的情况下，可以通过双色成型等在第一构件上形成接合层。
另外，在上述实施方式中，对在注射成型工序之前进行表面处理工序的情况进行了说明，但只要接合层对第一构件的接合面的连接强度没有问题，也不是一定需要进行这样的表面处理工序。
实施例
接着，对本发明的实施例进行说明。需要说明的是，本发明并不限定于以下的实施例。
(实施例1～11)
第一构件采用金属制的平板。作为第一构件的材料，使用铝(AL5052)和铝(ADC12)。
作为接合层的材料，使用下述材料。将PA66(旭化成化学株式会社制造，商品名：Leona1200)80质量％和弹性体(旭化成化学株式会社制造，商品名：TuftecM1918)20质量％使用料筒温度设定为290℃的双螺杆挤出机(东芝机械株式会社制造，商品名：TEM35)进行熔融混炼，将Leona树脂(旭化成化学株式会社制造，商品名：2300LA33295)稀释至100倍并混合至所得到的热塑性材料中，使用所得到的聚酰胺树脂复合材料(以下称为“接合材料A”)；以及将PA66(旭化成化学株式会社制造，商品名：Leona1200)80质量％、弹性体(旭化成化学株式会社制造，商品名：TuftecM1918)20质量％使用料筒温度设定为290℃的双螺杆挤出机(东芝机械株式会社制造，商品名：TEM35)进行熔融混炼，使用所得到的聚酰胺树脂复合材料(以下称为“接合材料B”)。
第二构件采用树脂制的杯型容器。作为第二构件的材料，使用下述材料。在400L高压釜中，在40％AH盐(己二酸与六亚甲基二胺的等摩尔盐)水溶液中投入碘化钾3质量％和碘化亚铜0.1质量％，在1.8MPa加压下进行加热熔融聚合。将所得到的聚合物冷却固化和造粒而得到的聚酰胺6667质量份和玻璃纤维33质量份(日本电气硝子株式会社制造，商品名：T275H)使用料筒温度设定为290℃的双螺杆挤出机(东芝机械株式会社制造，商品名：TEM35)进行熔融混炼，从而得到热塑性材料(以下称为“树脂材料A”)。在400L高压釜中，在40％AH盐(己二酸与六亚甲基二胺的等摩尔盐)水溶液中投入碘化钾3质量％和碘化亚铜0.1质量％，在1.8MPa加压下进行加热熔融聚合。将所得到的聚合物冷却固化和造粒而得到的聚酰胺6664.5质量份、玻璃纤维33质量份(日本电气硝子株式会社制造，商品名：T275H)和激光焊接用着色母料2.5质量份(东方化学工业株式会社制造，商品名：eBINDACW-9871)使用料筒温度设定为290℃的双螺杆挤出机(东芝机械株式会社制造，商品名：TEM35)进行熔融混炼，从而得到热塑性材料(以下称为“树脂材料B”)。使用这样得到的树脂材料A和树脂材料B作为第二构件的材料。
然后，在第一构件的将要与第二构件接合的接合面上，通过铝阳极氧化处理形成孔，在该第一构件的接合面上，通过注射成型一体地层叠接合层，对第二构件和接合层进行激光焊接，从而制作图6所示的接合体。需要说明的是，在第一构件上形成有用于向接合体的内部装入水的开口。
铝阳极氧化处理为通过在适当的电流密度下在金属表面形成氧化膜而使所得到的氧化膜被膜形成孔的处理。
激光焊接的条件设定为图7的A～C。需要说明的是，图7中，WD是指从光学系统至第一构件的接合面为止的距离。
然后，进行接合体的破坏试验。破坏检查中，将接合体安装到破坏试验用夹具上，从破坏试验用夹具的流入口装入水，测量发生接合体的破坏或漏水时的压力作为破裂强度。试验的结果，将破裂压力1MPa以上评价为◎，将破裂压力0.1MPa以上且小于1MPa评价为○，将表观上进行了接合、但局部存在未焊接部分而导致泄漏的0MPa评价为△，将未焊接评价为×。将试验结果示于图8。
(比较例1、2)
第一构件采用金属制的平板。作为第一构件的材料，使用铝(AL5052)和铝(ADC12)。
接合层采用树脂制的杯型容器。作为接合层的材料，使用接合材料A和接合材料B。
第二构件为树脂制。作为第二构件的材料，使用树脂材料A和树脂材料B。
然后，在第一构件的将要与第二构件接合的接合面上，通过铝阳极氧化处理形成孔，在该第一构件的接合面上载置接合层，对第一构件和第二构件与接合层进行激光焊接，从而制作图6所示的接合体。需要说明的是，在第一构件上形成有用于向接合体的内部装入水的开口。
激光焊接的条件设定为图7的A～C。
然后，进行接合体的破坏试验。破坏检查中，将接合体安装到破坏试验用夹具上，从破坏试验用夹具的流入口装入水，测量发生接合体的破坏或漏水时的压力作为破裂强度。试验的结果，将破裂压力1MPa以上评价为◎，将破裂压力0.1MPa以上且小于1MPa评价为○，将表观上进行了接合、但局部存在未焊接部分而导致泄漏的0MPa评价为△，将未焊接评价为×。将试验结果示于图8。
如图8所示，在比较例1、2中，第一构件与第二构件均在破裂试验以前就发生了剥离、分离，但在实施例1～11中，第一构件与第二构件在破裂试验的内压下均未发生剥离或分离，不强制剥开时均不会发生剥离、分离。
(实施例12～14)
第一构件采用树脂制的杯型容器。作为第一构件的材料，使用树脂材料A。
接合层为树脂制。作为接合层的材料，使用接合材料A。
第二构件采用金属制的平板。作为第二构件的材料，使用铝(AL5052)。
然后，通过双色成型将第一构件与接合层一体地层叠，在第二构件的将要与第一构件接合的接合面上，通过铝阳极氧化处理形成孔，对第二构件与接合层进行激光焊接，从而制作图9所示的接合体。需要说明的是，在第二构件上形成有用于向接合体的内部装入水的开口。
铝阳极氧化处理为通过在适当的电流密度下在金属表面形成氧化膜而使所得到的氧化膜被膜形成孔的处理。
激光焊接的条件设定为图7的A～C。
然后，进行接合体的破坏试验。破坏检查中，将接合体安装到破坏试验用夹具上，从破坏试验用夹具的流入口装入水，测量发生接合体的破坏或漏水时的压力作为破裂强度。试验的结果，将破裂压力1MPa以上评价为◎，将破裂压力0.1MPa以上且小于1MPa评价为○，将表观上进行了接合、但局部存在未焊接部分而导致泄漏的0MPa评价为△，将未焊接评价为×。将试验结果示于图10。
如图10所示，在实施例12～14中，第一构件与第二构件在破裂试验的内压下均未发生剥离或分离，不强制剥开时均不会发生剥离、分离。
(气泡数的评价)
准备实施例1的接合体和比较例1的接合体。对于各接合体，沿第一构件与第二构件的接合方向切断，利用SEM对该切断面进行观察。图11是用于说明气泡数的计数方法的示意图。图12是图11的局部放大图。如图11和图12所示，提取出SEM图像(照片)中的第一构件2与接合层4的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围，在该提取的范围内，计数空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡的数量。
结果，在比较例1的接合体中，气泡数为134个，与此相对，在实施例1的接合体中，气泡数为31个。由此可见，在实施例1的接合体中，与比较例1的接合体相比，接合层中的气泡数大幅减少，因此，推测第一构件与第二构件的接合强度高。
(参考例1)
在参考例1中，作为接合体，使用在第一构件上通过注射成型一体地层叠有接合构件的接合体。即，参考例1的接合体无第二构件，使用接合构件作为接合层。
如图13所示，第一构件采用金属制的细长平板，且将与接合层接合的端面形成为两层的阶梯状。该阶梯状的端面的阶梯宽度为10mm、阶梯高度为3mm。作为第一构件的材料，使用铝(AL5052)。作为接合层的材料，使用弹性模量为1900MPa的接合材料B。然后，在第一构件的阶梯状的端面上通过注射成型一体地层叠接合层，从而得到整体上为细长平板的接合体。
然后，进行热冲击试验。在热冲击试验中，首先，为了强制保持第一构件和连接构件的线膨胀，将参考例1的接合体固定到线膨胀小的金属(SUS)上。接着，以-35±5℃×2小时和130±5℃×2小时作为1次循环，进行50次循环、100次循环和150次循环，测定此时的拉伸强度保持率。拉伸强度保持率以将0次循环(实验前的状态)时的拉伸强度保持率设为100％时的百分率来表示。将试验结果示于图14。
(比较例3)
在比较例3中，作为接合体，使用在第一构件上通过注射成型一体地层叠有接合构件的接合体。即，比较例3的接合体无第二构件，使用接合构件作为接合层。
如图13所示，第一构件采用金属制的细长平板，且将与接合层接合的端面形成为两层的阶梯状。该阶梯状的端面的阶梯宽度为10mm、阶梯高度为3mm。作为第一构件的材料，使用铝(AL5052)。作为接合层的材料，使用弹性模量为9800MPa的树脂材料B。然后，在第一构件的阶梯状的端面上通过注射成型一体地层叠接合层，从而得到整体上为细长平板的接合体。
然后，进行热冲击试验。在热冲击试验中，首先，为了强制保持第一构件和连接构件的线膨胀，将比较例3的接合体固定到线膨胀小的金属(SUS)上。接着，以-35±5℃×2小时和130±5℃×2小时作为1次循环，进行50次循环、100次循环和150次循环，测定此时的拉伸强度保持率。拉伸强度保持率以将0次循环(实验前的状态)时的拉伸强度保持率设为100％时的百分率来表示。将试验结果示于图14。
如图14所示，在比较例3中，在经过50次循环时，已经处于拉伸强度保持率为0％、即第一构件与连接构件发生断裂的状态，但在参考例1中，即使经过150次循环，仍处于拉伸强度保持率为4.3、即第一构件与连接构件未发生断裂的状态。由这样的结果可知，在本发明中，通过使用弹性模量低的接合构件作为接合层，即使在苛刻的温度循环条件下也能够维持第一构件与接合层之间的拉伸强度保持率。
附图标记
1…接合体、2…第一构件、2a…接合面、3…第二构件、4…接合层、11…接合体、12…金属制容器(第一构件)、12a…上端面、13…树脂制盖(第二构件)、14…接合层、15…接合层形成空间、16…模具、21…接合体、22…第一构件、22a…接合面、23…第二构件、24…接合层、α…接合方向。

Claims (9)

1.一种接合体，其通过经由接合层将第一构件与材料不同于所述第一构件的第二构件接合而得到，
在所述第一构件与所述接合层的接合界面的截面的13μm的范围内，空隙面积为1.5×10-3μm2以上的气泡为100个以下。
2.如权利要求1所述的接合体，其中，所述接合层的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为800MPa以上且2400MPa以下。
3.如权利要求2所述的接合体，其中，所述接合层的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为1200MPa以上且2000MPa以下。
4.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的接合体，其中，所述接合层含有5重量％以上且75重量％以下的弹性体成分。
5.如权利要求4所述的接合体，其中，所述弹性体的23℃下且吸水状态为绝对干燥状态下的拉伸弹性模量为50MPa以上且1000MPa以下。
6.一种接合方法，其为将第一构件与材料不同于所述第一构件的第二构件接合的接合方法，该方法包括：
在所述第一构件的将要与所述第二构件接合的接合面上，通过注射成型一体地层叠用于将所述第一构件与所述第二构件接合的接合层的注射成型工序；和
在所述注射成型工序之后，将所述第二构件接合于所述接合层的接合工序。
7.如权利要求6所述的接合方法，其中，所述接合工序中，通过焊接将所述第二构件接合于所述接合层。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的接合方法，其中，还包括在所述注射成型工序中在所述第一构件的所述接合面上形成孔的表面处理工序。
9.如权利要求6～8中任一项所述的接合方法，其中，
所述第一构件由金属和玻璃中的任一种形成，
所述第二构件由树脂形成。
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