WO2020230200A1 - 接合用金属部材及び接合体 - Google Patents

接合用金属部材及び接合体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020230200A1
WO2020230200A1 PCT/JP2019/018782 JP2019018782W WO2020230200A1 WO 2020230200 A1 WO2020230200 A1 WO 2020230200A1 JP 2019018782 W JP2019018782 W JP 2019018782W WO 2020230200 A1 WO2020230200 A1 WO 2020230200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resin
joining
metal member
laser
uneven portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/018782
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
悟 山崎
Original Assignee
昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2019/018782 priority Critical patent/WO2020230200A1/ja
Priority to EP19928361.5A priority patent/EP3936310A4/en
Priority to JP2021519043A priority patent/JP7184178B2/ja
Publication of WO2020230200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020230200A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/142—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor for the removal of by-products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3584—Increasing rugosity, e.g. roughening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C39/10—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14311—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using means for bonding the coating to the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • B29C65/46—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element heated by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0246—Cutting or perforating, e.g. burning away by using a laser or using hot air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30322—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of rugosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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    • B29C66/74281—Copper or alloys of copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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    • B29C37/0082—Mechanical anchoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8253—Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to metal members for joining and joining bodies.
  • dissimilar metal bonding between steel materials and lightweight metal materials such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys, dissimilar material bonding between steel materials or lightweight metal materials and resin materials, etc. Is being considered. Further weight reduction can be expected by joining dissimilar materials between a steel material or a lightweight metal material and a resin material.
  • a method of manufacturing a new composite part by joining and integrating a metal molded body and a resin molded body is being studied.
  • a continuous wave laser is used to irradiate the surface of the metal molded body with a laser beam at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more.
  • a method for roughening the surface of the metal molded body and a method for producing the composite molded body, which roughen the surface of the metal molded body by continuously irradiating the metal molded body, have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). ..
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 when the metal molded body is roughened, a convex shape is formed at a position lower than the reference surface which is the surface of the metal molded body before roughening, but the convex shape is formed from the reference surface. In some cases, a convex shape is hardly formed at a high position. Therefore, a sufficient anchor effect may not be obtained, and the bonding strength between the roughened metal molded body and the resin molded body may be insufficient.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a metal member for joining having excellent bonding strength with a resin member and a bonded body in which the metal member for bonding and the resin member are bonded. And.
  • a smooth portion and an uneven portion are provided on one surface.
  • the uneven portion has a plurality of depressions that reach a position lower than the reference surface and a plurality of protrusions that project to a position higher than the reference surface.
  • the ratio (B / A) of the average value of the depth A from the reference surface to the bottom of the depression and the average value of the height B from the reference surface to the top of the protrusion is 0.3 to 3.
  • ⁇ 3> The metal member for joining according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, A bonded body having a resin member for joining a surface having the smooth portion and the uneven portion in the metal member for joining.
  • a cross-sectional photograph of a surface having a smooth portion and an uneven portion in one embodiment of a metal member for bonding taken from a position higher than a reference surface is there. It is a cross-sectional photograph of the concavo-convex portion in another embodiment of the metal member for joining (electron micrograph of the concavo-convex portion of the aluminum test piece in the example). It is a figure for demonstrating the shape of the test piece conforming to ISO19095. It is an electron micrograph of the uneven part of the copper test piece in an Example. It is an electron micrograph of the uneven part of the aluminum test piece in the comparative example.
  • the numerical range indicated by using “-" includes the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
  • the upper limit value or the lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of another numerical range described stepwise. ..
  • the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the examples.
  • each component may contain a plurality of applicable substances. When a plurality of substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the content rate or content of each component is the total content rate or content of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless otherwise specified. Means quantity.
  • the particles corresponding to each component may include a plurality of types of particles.
  • the particle size of each component means a value for a mixture of the plurality of particles present in the composition unless otherwise specified.
  • (meth) acrylic means at least one of acrylic and methacrylic.
  • the metal member for joining of the present disclosure has a smooth portion and an uneven portion on one surface, and when the surface of the smooth portion is used as a reference surface, the uneven portion reaches a position lower than the reference surface. It has a plurality of recesses to be formed and a plurality of protrusions protruding to a position higher than the reference surface, and the average value of the depth A from the reference surface to the bottom of the depression and the top of the protrusion from the reference surface.
  • the ratio (B / A) to the average value of the height B up to is 0.3 to 3.
  • the metal member for joining of the present disclosure is excellent in joining strength with a resin member.
  • the reason is not clear, but it can be inferred as follows.
  • the ratio (B / A) of the metal members for joining is 0.3 to 3, it is possible to sufficiently secure the number of protrusions protruding to a position higher than the reference surface existing in the uneven portion. Therefore, when the uneven portion of the metal member for joining is impregnated with the resin constituting the resin member, the resin is likely to be entangled with the protrusion protruding to a position higher than the reference surface even if the resin does not reach below the reference surface. Become. As a result, it is presumed that a sufficient anchor effect can be obtained and the metal member for joining and the resin member can be firmly joined.
  • the metal member for joining of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the metal for joining of the present disclosure is based on the metal member for joining formed by irradiating the surface of the metal member with a laser beam to provide an uneven portion.
  • the members will be described.
  • the material constituting the metal member for joining, the method for manufacturing the metal member for joining, and the like are not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional photograph of a surface having a smooth portion and an uneven portion in one embodiment of a metal member for joining, taken from a position higher than a reference surface, and shows a cross-sectional photograph of a brass test piece in Example 3 described later. It corresponds to an example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a portion of a surface having a smooth portion and an uneven portion, including the smooth portion and the uneven portion.
  • a reference surface extended over the entire surface of the metal member for joining having a smooth portion and an uneven portion is represented by a dotted line.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional photograph of the uneven portion in another embodiment of the metal member for joining, and corresponds to an example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of the aluminum test piece in Example 1 described later.
  • a smooth portion 10 and an uneven portion 12 are present on one surface of the metal member for joining.
  • the uneven portion 12 has a plurality of recesses 16 that reach a position lower than the reference plane, and a plurality of protrusions 14 that project to a position higher than the reference plane.
  • a reference surface extended over the entire surface of the metal member for joining having a smooth portion and an uneven portion is represented by a dotted line.
  • a surface B parallel to the reference surface and in contact with the top (highest position) of the protrusion 14 and a surface A parallel to the reference surface and in contact with the bottom (deepest position) of the recess 16 are shown. It is represented by a dotted line.
  • the depth A from the reference plane to the bottom of the recess is, as shown in FIG. 2, the reference plane and the bottom of the recess 16 parallel to the reference plane when observing a cross section orthogonal to the reference plane.
  • the bottom of the recess may be blocked from the surface of the metal member for joining.
  • the height B from the reference plane to the top of the protrusion is, as shown in FIG. 2, the reference plane and the top of the protrusion 14 parallel to the reference plane when observing a cross section orthogonal to the reference plane. The distance between the surface B in contact with the surface B.
  • the average value of the depth A means the arithmetic mean value of the depths of the five depressions obtained as described above.
  • the average value of the height B means the arithmetic mean value of the heights of the five protrusions obtained as described above.
  • the magnification of the observation image of the cross section is not particularly limited, and may be such that at least five depressions and protrusions are included in one image. Further, at least five depths of depressions and heights of protrusions may be obtained from a plurality of observation images.
  • the average value of the ratio (B / A) is 0.3 to 3, preferably 0.3 to 2, and more preferably 0.3 to 1.
  • the average value of the ratio (B / A) is 0.3 or more, it is easy to secure a state in which a plurality of protrusions existing in the uneven portion protrude to a position higher than the reference surface, and the resin tends to be easily entangled with the protrusions. is there. It may be difficult to set the average value of the ratio (B / A) to a value exceeding 3.
  • the average value of the depth A of the recess 16 is preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1.5 mm, more preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1 mm, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the average value of the height B of the protrusions 14 is preferably 50 ⁇ m to 1 mm, more preferably 70 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 90 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the total value of the average value of the depth A and the average value of the height B is preferably 150 ⁇ m to 2.5 mm, more preferably 170 ⁇ m to 1.5 mm, and preferably 190 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m. More preferred.
  • the density of the protrusions 14 in the uneven portion 12 is preferably 5 pieces / mm 2 to 50 pieces / mm 2 , more preferably 10 pieces / mm 2 to 30 pieces / mm 2 , and 10 pieces / mm 2. It is more preferably ⁇ 25 pieces / mm 2 .
  • the metal constituting the metal member for bonding is not particularly limited, and a known metal material can be appropriately selected depending on the use of the bonded body formed by using the metal member for bonding.
  • Examples of the metal constituting the metal member for joining include iron, aluminum, zinc, titanium, copper and magnesium, and alloys containing these.
  • Examples of the alloy include various stainless steel and copper-zinc alloys (brass).
  • the surface of the metal member for joining having a smooth portion and an uneven portion may be subjected to surface treatment such as plating treatment or alumite treatment.
  • the shape of the metal member for joining is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the use of the joined body formed by using the metal member for joining.
  • Examples of the shape of the metal member for joining include a plate shape, a spherical shape, a shape having a curved surface, a shape having a step portion, and the like.
  • the surface of the metal member for joining having the uneven portion may be a flat surface.
  • the method of forming the uneven portion on the metal member is not particularly limited.
  • a method of forming the uneven portion on the metal member as described above, a method of irradiating the surface of the metal member with laser light to provide the uneven portion and the like can be mentioned.
  • a pulse laser or a continuous oscillation (CW, Continuous Wave) laser may be used.
  • the CW laser may be a modulated CW laser that periodically changes the output of the laser.
  • the irradiation speed (scan speed) of the CW laser is not particularly limited.
  • the irradiation speed of the CW laser is preferably 100 mm / sec to 2000 mm / sec.
  • the processing speed of the metal member tends to be increased.
  • the irradiation speed of the CW laser is 2000 mm / sec or less, the ratio (B / A) tends to be in the range of 0.3 to 3, and the bonding strength with the resin member tends to be further improved.
  • the irradiation output of the laser is not particularly limited.
  • the laser output is preferably 300 W to 2000 W.
  • the irradiation speed of the CW laser can be easily increased, and the processing speed of the metal member tends to be increased.
  • the laser output of the CW laser is 2000 W or less, the laser light irradiation equipment tends to be miniaturized.
  • the spot diameter of the laser is not particularly limited.
  • the spot diameter of the laser is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the modulation method may be a sine wave, a triangular wave, or a square wave.
  • the frequency of the modulated CW laser is preferably 1000 Hz to 10000 Hz.
  • the minimum value of the laser output when the maximum value of the laser output is 100 is preferably 30 or more and less than 100, more preferably 50 to 95, and preferably 80 to 90. More preferred.
  • the laser beam may be repeatedly irradiated to the portion once irradiated with the laser beam.
  • the number of repetitions is preferably 1 to 40 times.
  • Lasers include ruby laser, YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser, solid laser such as titanium sapphire laser, liquid laser such as dye laser, helium neon laser, argon ion laser, carbon dioxide gas laser, nitrogen laser, excimer laser, etc. Gas laser, semiconductor laser, fiber laser and the like can be used.
  • the laser may be a green laser.
  • compressed air may be supplied to the portion of the surface of the metal member irradiated with the laser beam.
  • the pressure of the supplied compressed air is preferably 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa from the viewpoint of efficiently removing the metal powder generated by the irradiation of the laser beam.
  • the scanning interval of the laser light is preferably larger than the spot diameter of the laser light.
  • the joined body of the present disclosure includes a metal member for joining of the present disclosure and a resin member for joining the surface of the metal member for joining having the smooth portion and the uneven portion.
  • the resin member is bonded to the surface of the metal member for bonding having a smooth portion and an uneven portion, the bonding strength between the metal member for bonding and the resin member is excellent.
  • the type of resin constituting the resin member is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known resin can be appropriately selected and used depending on the use of the bonded body.
  • the resin include thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins, elastomers and the like.
  • thermosetting resin examples include phenol resin, unsaturated imide resin, cyanate resin, isocyanate resin, benzoxazine resin, oxetane resin, amino resin, unsaturated polyester resin, allyl resin, dicyclopentadiene resin, and silicone resin.
  • examples thereof include triazine resin, melamine resin, resorcinol resin, and epoxy resin.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyamide resin, polyetherimide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polystyrene resin, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer resin, and acrylonitrile / styrene.
  • examples thereof include polymerized resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, (meth) acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyacetal resin, and polyphenylene sulfide resin.
  • elastomer include silicone rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NBR), urethane rubber and the like.
  • the resin member may contain other components other than the conventionally known resin depending on the use of the bonded body.
  • other components include particulate fillers, fibrous fillers, mold release agents and the like.
  • Examples of other components include a curing agent that cures a thermosetting resin, a curing accelerator that promotes curing of a thermosetting resin, and a surface treatment agent that modifies the surface of an inorganic material.
  • the content of other components other than the resin contained in the resin member may be appropriately set according to the use of the bonded body.
  • the manufacturing method of the bonded body is not particularly limited, and a normal resin molded body molding method such as an injection molding method, a blow molding method, a compression molding method, a transfer molding method, an extrusion molding method, or a casting molding method is adopted. can do. Further, as described above, a resin composition containing a resin and, if necessary, other components is applied to the surface of the metal member for joining having the uneven portion provided with the uneven portion by an insert molding method. May be manufactured. Further, the metal member for joining and the resin member provided with the uneven portion are brought into contact with each other, and the metal member for joining and the resin are subjected to ultrasonic welding, vibration welding, induction welding, high frequency welding, laser welding, heat welding, spin welding, etc.
  • the metal member for joining and the resin member are joined by bringing the resin member and the metal member for joining into contact with each other while applying pressure. You may. From the viewpoint of preventing deformation of protrusions on the uneven portion and improving the joining strength, it is preferable that the joined body is manufactured by an insert molding method.
  • the resin member may be cured by joining the metal member for joining and the resin member by the above method and then heat-treating the resin member.
  • Applications of the joined body of the present disclosure include various molded bodies used for vehicles and the like, and specific examples thereof include side doors, hoods, roofs, back doors, luggage doors, bumpers and crash boxes. It is not limited to these.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of the aluminum test piece of Example 1
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of the copper test piece of Example 2
  • FIG. 1 shows.
  • An example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of the brass test piece of Example 3 is shown
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of an electron micrograph of the uneven portion of the aluminum test piece of Comparative Example 1.
  • the uneven portions of the test pieces of Examples 1, 2 and 3 have a plurality of dents reaching a position lower than the reference surface and a position higher than the reference surface. It can be seen that it has a plurality of protrusions protruding up to.
  • the electron micrographs of each test piece were taken using JSM-IT100 manufactured by JEOL Ltd. at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV.
  • the value of the ratio (B / A) in the uneven portion of the aluminum test piece of Example 1 was determined as described above and found to be 0.4.
  • the average value of the depth A was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the value of the ratio (B / A) in the uneven portion of the copper test piece of Example 2 was determined as described above and found to be 0.5.
  • the average value of the depth A was 220 ⁇ m.
  • the value of the ratio (B / A) in the uneven portion of the brass test piece of Example 3 was determined as described above and found to be 0.9.
  • the average value of the depth A was 120 ⁇ m.
  • When the value of the ratio (B / A) in the uneven portion of the aluminum test piece of Comparative Example 1 was determined as described above, it was 0.2.
  • the average value of the depth A was 190 ⁇ m.
  • the resin portion 104 as shown in FIG. 3B was heated at a resin heating temperature of 210 ° C. Injection molding was performed under the condition of a mold temperature of 80 ° C. The size of the resin portion 104 was such that the outer diameter was ⁇ 26 mm and the thickness was 2 mm.
  • a polyacetal (POM) resin standard grade M90-44) manufactured by Polyplastics Co., Ltd. was used. The bonding strength was evaluated by the following method using each test piece on which the resin portion was formed. In addition, five test pieces for evaluation of joint strength were prepared for each of Examples and Comparative Examples.
  • the bonding strength for each test piece was as follows.
  • the average value of the bonding strength of the aluminum test piece of Example 1 was 17.8 MPa.
  • the average value of the bonding strength of the copper test piece of Example 2 was 14.7 MPa.
  • the average value of the bonding strength of the brass test piece of Example 3 was 22.4 MPa.
  • the average value of the bonding strength of the aluminum test piece of Comparative Example 1 was 0 MPa.

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Abstract

接合用金属部材は、平滑部と凹凸部とを一の面に有し、前記平滑部の表面を基準面としたときに、前記凹凸部が、前記基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪みと、前記基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起とを有し、前記基準面から前記窪みの底部までの深さＡの平均値と、前記基準面から前記突起の頂部までの高さＢの平均値との比（Ｂ／Ａ）が、０．３～３である。

Description

接合用金属部材及び接合体
　本開示は、接合用金属部材及び接合体に関する。
　車両等に用いられる各種成形体では、軽量化を目的として、鉄鋼材料とアルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金等の軽量金属材料との異種金属接合、鉄鋼材料又は軽量金属材料と樹脂材料との異種材料接合などが検討されている。鉄鋼材料又は軽量金属材料と樹脂材料との異種材料接合により、さらなる軽量化が期待できる。
　そのため、金属成形体と樹脂成形体とを接合して一体化することで新たな複合部品を製造する方法が検討されている。例えば、加工速度を高めることができ、かつ異なる方向の接合強度も高めることができる方法として、金属成形体の表面に対して、連続波レーザーを使用して２０００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ以上の照射速度でレーザー光を連続照射することで前記金属成形体の表面を粗面化する、金属成形体の粗面化方法及び複合成形体の製造方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１及び特許文献２参照）。
特許第５７７４２４６号 特許第５７０１４１４号
　しかしながら、特許文献１及び特許文献２では、金属成形体を粗面化した場合、粗面化前の金属成形体表面である基準面よりも低い位置に凸形状が形成されるものの、基準面よりも高い位置には凸形状がほとんど形成されないことがある。そのため、十分なアンカー効果が得られず、粗面化された金属成形体と樹脂成形体等との接合強度が不十分となる場合がある。
　本開示は、上記従来の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、樹脂部材との接合強度に優れる接合用金属部材及びこの接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接合した接合体を提供することを目的とする。
　前記課題を達成するための具体的手段は以下の通りである。
　　＜１＞　平滑部と凹凸部とを一の面に有し、
　前記平滑部の表面を基準面としたときに、前記凹凸部が、前記基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪みと、前記基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起とを有し、
　前記基準面から前記窪みの底部までの深さＡの平均値と、前記基準面から前記突起の頂部までの高さＢの平均値との比（Ｂ／Ａ）が、０．３～３である接合用金属部材。
　　＜２＞　前記深さＡの平均値が、１００μｍ～１．５ｍｍである＜１＞に記載の接合用金属部材。
　　＜３＞　＜１＞又は＜２＞に記載の接合用金属部材と、
　前記接合用金属部材における前記平滑部と前記凹凸部とを有する面と接合する樹脂部材と、を有する接合体。
　本開示によれば、樹脂部材との接合強度に優れる接合用金属部材及びこの接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接合した接合体を提供することができる。
接合用金属部材の一実施形態における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面の断面を、基準面よりも高い位置から撮影した断面写真（実施例における黄銅製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真）である。 接合用金属部材の他の実施形態における凹凸部の断面写真（実施例におけるアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真）である。 ＩＳＯ１９０９５に準拠した試験片の形状を説明するための図である。 実施例における銅製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真である。 比較例におけるアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真である。
　以下、本開示を実施するための形態について詳細に説明する。但し、本開示は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。以下の実施形態において、その構成要素（要素ステップ等も含む）は、特に明示した場合を除き、必須ではない。数値及びその範囲についても同様であり、本開示を制限するものではない。
　本開示において「～」を用いて示された数値範囲には、「～」の前後に記載される数値がそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含まれる。
　本開示中に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、一つの数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本開示中に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
　本開示において、各成分には、該当する物質が複数種含まれていてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、各成分の含有率又は含有量は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計の含有率又は含有量を意味する。
　本開示において、各成分に該当する粒子には、複数種の粒子が含まれていてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する粒子が複数種存在する場合、各成分の粒子径は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の粒子の混合物についての値を意味する。
　本開示において「（メタ）アクリル」はアクリル及びメタクリルの少なくとも一方を意味する。
＜接合用金属部材＞
　本開示の接合用金属部材は、平滑部と凹凸部とを一の面に有し、前記平滑部の表面を基準面としたときに、前記凹凸部が、前記基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪みと、前記基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起とを有し、前記基準面から前記窪みの底部までの深さＡの平均値と、前記基準面から前記突起の頂部までの高さＢの平均値との比（Ｂ／Ａ）が、０．３～３とされたものである。
　本開示の接合用金属部材は、樹脂部材との接合強度に優れる。その理由は明確ではないが、以下のように推察される。
　接合用金属部材の比（Ｂ／Ａ）を０．３～３とすることで、凹凸部に存在する基準面よりも高い位置まで突出した突起の数を十分に確保できる。そのため、接合用金属部材における凹凸部に樹脂部材を構成する樹脂が含浸する際に、樹脂が基準面よりも下まで到達しなくとも、基準面よりも高い位置まで突出した突起に樹脂がからみつきやすくなる。その結果、十分なアンカー効果が得られ、接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とが強固に接合することができるためと推察される。
　以下、本開示の接合用金属部材を図面に基づいて説明する。
　なお、以下の実施形態では、接合用金属部材の一例として、金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射して凹凸部を設けることで形成された接合用金属部材に基づいて、本開示の接合用金属部材を説明する。ただし、接合用金属部材を構成する材料、接合用金属部材の製造方法等は、特に限定されるものではない。
　図１は、接合用金属部材の一実施形態における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面の断面を、基準面よりも高い位置から撮影した断面写真を示し、後述の実施例３における黄銅製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例に該当する。図１には、平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面における平滑部及び凹凸部を含む箇所についての断面が示されている。図１には、接合用金属部材における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面の全体に延長された基準面が、点線で表されている。
　図２は、接合用金属部材の他の実施形態における凹凸部の拡大断面写真を示し、後述の実施例１におけるアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例に該当する。
　図１に示すように、接合用金属部材における一の面には、平滑部１０と凹凸部１２とが存在する。凹凸部１２には、図１又は図２に示すように、基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪み１６と、基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起１４が存在する。
　図２には、接合用金属部材における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面の全体に延長された基準面が、点線で表されている。併せて、図２には、基準面と平行し突起１４の頂部（最も高い位置）に接する面Ｂ、及び、基準面と平行し窪み１６の底部（最も深い位置）に接する面Ａが、各々点線で表されている。
　本開示において、基準面から窪みの底部までの深さＡとは、図２に示すように、基準面と直交する断面を観察したときに、基準面と、基準面と平行し窪み１６の底部に接する面Ａと、の間の距離をいう。なお、基準面と直交する断面を観察したときに、図２に示すように、窪みの底部が接合用金属部材の表面から閉塞している場合がある。
　本開示において、基準面から突起の頂部までの高さＢとは、図２に示すように、基準面と直交する断面を観察したときに、基準面と、基準面と平行し突起１４の頂部に接する面Ｂと、の間の距離をいう。
　本開示において、深さＡの平均値とは、上述のようにして求められた５個の窪みについての深さの算術平均値をいう。また、高さＢの平均値とは、上述のようにして求められた５個の突起についての高さの算術平均値をいう。
　断面の観察画像の倍率は特に限定されるものではなく、少なくとも５個の、窪み及び突起が一画像中に含まれる程度の倍率であってもよい。また、複数の観察画像から、少なくとも５つの、窪みの深さ及び突起の高さを求めてもよい。
　比（Ｂ／Ａ）の平均値は、０．３～３とされ、０．３～２であることが好ましく、０．３～１であることがより好ましい。
　比（Ｂ／Ａ）の平均値が０．３以上であれば、凹凸部に存在する複数の突起が基準面よりも高い位置まで突出した状態を確保しやすく、突起に樹脂がからみつきやすい傾向にある。なお、比（Ｂ／Ａ）の平均値が３を超える値とするのは、困難な場合がある。
　窪み１６の深さＡの平均値は、１００μｍ～１．５ｍｍであることが好ましく、１００μｍ～１ｍｍであることがより好ましく、１００μｍ～５００μｍであることがさらに好ましい。
　突起１４の高さＢの平均値は、５０μｍ～１ｍｍであることが好ましく、７０μｍ～５００μｍであることがより好ましく、９０μｍ～２００μｍであることがさらに好ましい。
　深さＡの平均値と高さＢの平均値との合計の値は、１５０μｍ～２．５ｍｍであることが好ましく、１７０μｍ～１．５ｍｍであることがより好ましく、１９０μｍ～７００μｍであることがさらに好ましい。
　凹凸部１２における突起１４の密度は、５個／ｍｍ２～５０個／ｍｍ２であることが好ましく、１０個／ｍｍ２～３０個／ｍｍ２であることがより好ましく、１０個／ｍｍ２～２５個／ｍｍ２であることがさらに好ましい。
　接合用金属部材を構成する金属は特に限定されるものではなく、接合用金属部材を用いて形成される接合体の用途に応じて公知の金属材料から適宜選択することができる。接合用金属部材を構成する金属としては、例えば、鉄、アルミニウム、亜鉛、チタン、銅及びマグネシウム並びにこれらを含む合金を挙げることができる。合金としては、例えば、各種ステンレス及び銅－亜鉛合金（黄銅）を挙げることができる。
　接合用金属部材における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面には、メッキ処理、アルマイト処理等の表面処理を施してもよい。
　接合用金属部材の形状は特に限定されるものではなく、接合用金属部材を用いて形成される接合体の用途に応じて適宜選択することができる。接合用金属部材の形状としては、例えば、板状、球状、曲面を有する形状、段部を有する形状等を挙げることができる。
　接合用金属部材の凹凸部を有する面は、平面であってもよい。
　金属部材に凹凸部を形成する方法は特に限定されるものではない。金属部材に凹凸部を形成する方法としては、上述のように、金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射して凹凸部を設ける方法等が挙げられる。
　以下に、金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射して凹凸部を設ける方法を採用した際の各種条件等について説明する。
　なお、下記各種条件は、接合用金属部材を構成する金属の種類、突起の高さ、窪みの深さ等に鑑みて適宜設定されるものである。
　金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射して凹凸部を設ける場合、パルスレーザーを用いても、連続発振（ＣＷ、Ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ　Ｗａｖｅ）レーザーを用いてもよい。ＣＷレーザーを用いる場合、ＣＷレーザーは周期的にレーザーの出力を変化させる変調ＣＷレーザーであってもよい。
　ＣＷレーザーを用いる場合、ＣＷレーザーの照射速度（スキャン速度）は特に限定されるものではない。
　ＣＷレーザーの照射速度としては、１００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ～２０００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃであることが好ましい。
　ＣＷレーザーの照射速度が１００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ以上であれば、金属部材の加工速度を速めることができる傾向にある。ＣＷレーザーの照射速度が２０００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ以下であれば、比（Ｂ／Ａ）を０．３～３の範囲としやすく、樹脂部材との接合強度がより向上する傾向にある。
　レーザーの照射出力は特に限定されるものではない。
　例えば、ＣＷレーザーを用いる場合、レーザー出力は３００Ｗ～２０００Ｗであることが好ましい。
　ＣＷレーザーのレーザー出力が３００Ｗ以上であれば、ＣＷレーザーの照射速度を速めやすくなり、金属部材の加工速度を速めることができる傾向にある。ＣＷレーザーのレーザー出力が２０００Ｗ以下であれば、レーザー光の照射設備を小型化できる傾向にある。
　レーザーのスポット径は特に限定されるものではない。
　例えば、レーザーのスポット径としては、１０μｍ～５０μｍであることが好ましい。
　変調ＣＷレーザーを用いる場合、変調方式としては正弦波であってもよく三角波であってもよく矩形波であってもよい。
　変調ＣＷレーザーの周波数としては、１０００Ｈｚ～１００００Ｈｚであることが好ましい。
　変調ＣＷレーザーにおいて、レーザー出力の最大値を１００としたときのレーザー出力の最小値は、３０以上１００未満であることが好ましく、５０～９５であることがより好ましく、８０～９０であることがさらに好ましい。
　金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射する場合、ワブリング加工により凹凸部を設けてもよい。
　また、レーザー光を一度照射された箇所に、レーザー光を繰り返し照射してもよい。レーザー光を繰り返して照射する場合、繰り返しの回数としては、１回～４０回であることが好ましい。
　レーザーとしては、ルビーレーザー、ＹＡＧ（イットリウム・アルミニウム・ガーネット）レーザー、チタンサファイアレーザー等の固体レーザー、色素レーザー等の液体レーザー、ヘリウムネオンレーザー、アルゴンイオンレーザー、炭酸ガスレーザー、窒素レーザー、エキシマーレーザー等の気体レーザー、半導体レーザー、ファイバーレーザーなどを用いることができる。
　レーザーとしては、グリーンレーザーであってもよい。
　金属部材の表面にレーザー光を照射して凹凸部を設ける場合、金属部材表面におけるレーザー光の照射される箇所に、圧縮空気を供給してもよい。供給される圧縮空気の圧力としては、レーザー光の照射により発生する金属粉を効率的に除去する観点から、０．２ＭＰａ～０．５ＭＰａであることが好ましい。
　レーザー光が直線状に照射された場合、レーザー光の走査間隔としては、レーザー光のスポット径よりも大きいことが好ましい。
＜接合体＞
　本開示の接合体は、本開示の接合用金属部材と、前記接合用金属部材における前記平滑部と前記凹凸部とを有する面と接合する樹脂部材と、を有する。
　本開示の接合体では、樹脂部材が、接合用金属部材における平滑部と凹凸部とを有する面と接合するため、接合用金属部材と樹脂部材との接合強度に優れる。
　樹脂部材を構成する樹脂の種類は特に限定されるものではなく、接合体の用途に応じて従来から公知の樹脂を適宜選択して用いることができる。
　樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂、エラストマー等が挙げられる。
　熱硬化性樹脂の具体例としては、フェノール樹脂、不飽和イミド樹脂、シアネート樹脂、イソシアネート樹脂、ベンゾオキサジン樹脂、オキセタン樹脂、アミノ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アリル樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、トリアジン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、レゾルシノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。
　熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリベンゾオキサゾール樹脂、ポリベンゾイミダゾール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合樹脂、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、（メタ）アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂等が挙げられる。
　エラストマーの具体例としては、シリコーンゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）、ニトリルゴム（ＮＢＲ）、ウレタンゴム等が挙げられる。
　樹脂部材には、接合体の用途に応じて従来から公知の樹脂以外のその他の成分を含有してもよい。その他の成分としては、粒子状の充填材、繊維状の充填材、離型剤等が挙げられる。
　その他の成分としては、さらに、熱硬化性樹脂を硬化する硬化剤、熱硬化性樹脂の硬化を促進する硬化促進剤、無機材料の表面を改質する表面処理剤等を挙げることができる。
　樹脂部材に含まれる樹脂以外のその他の成分の含有量は、接合体の用途に応じて適宜設定されてもよい。
　接合体の製造方法は特に限定されるものではなく、インジェクション成形法、ブロー成形法、圧縮成形法、トランスファ成形法、押出成形法、注型成形法等の通常の樹脂成形体の成形方法を採用することができる。また、上述のようにして凹凸部の設けられた接合用金属部材における凹凸部の設けられた面に対して、インサート成形法により樹脂及び必要に応じてその他の成分を含む樹脂組成物を付与して接合体を製造してもよい。
　さらに、凹凸部の設けられた接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接触させて、超音波溶着、振動溶着、誘導溶着、高周波溶着、レーザー溶着、熱溶着、スピン溶着等により接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接合してもよい。
　また、樹脂部材の接合用金属部材と接合する箇所を加熱して軟化させた後に、樹脂部材と接合用金属部材とを加圧しながら接触させることで、接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接合してもよい。
　凹凸部における突起の変形を防いで接合強度を向上する観点から、接合体はインサート成形法により製造されたものであることが好ましい。
　樹脂部材の成分として熱硬化性樹脂を用いる場合、上記方法により接合用金属部材と樹脂部材とを接合した後、加熱処理することで樹脂部材を硬化してもよい。
　本開示の接合体の用途としては、車両等に用いられる各種成形体が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、サイドドア、フード、ルーフ、バックドア、ラゲージドア、バンパ及びクラッシュボックスが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
　以下に、本開示を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本開示は下記実施例に限定されるものではない。
　図３（Ａ）に示す、ＩＳＯ１９０９５に準拠した外径がφ５５ｍｍで内径がφ２０ｍｍで厚み２ｍｍのドーナツ状のアルミニウム製（ＡＬ３００３）、銅製（Ｃ１０２０）及び黄銅製（Ｃ２６８０）の試験片１００を準備した。
　試験片１００に、ファイバーレーザー（株式会社アマダミヤチ製　ＭＬ６８１１Ｃ（ＣＷレーザー））を用いて、凹凸部１０２を下記条件で形成した。凹凸部１０２の幅は、１．２ｍｍとした。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　図２に、実施例１のアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例を、図４に、実施例２の銅製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例を、図１に、実施例３の黄銅製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例を、図５に、比較例１のアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部の電子顕微鏡写真の一例を、各々示す。
　図１、図２及び図４から明らかなように、実施例１、２及び３の各試験片の凹凸部は、基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪みと、基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起とを有していることが分かる。
　なお、各試験片の電子顕微鏡写真の撮影は、日本電子株式会社製のＪＳＭ－ＩＴ１００を用い、２０ｋＶの加速電圧で行った。
　実施例１のアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部における、比（Ｂ／Ａ）の値を上述のようにして求めたところ、０．４であった。また、深さＡの平均値は３８０μｍであった。
　実施例２の銅製試験片の凹凸部における、比（Ｂ／Ａ）の値を上述のようにして求めたところ、０．５であった。また、深さＡの平均値は２２０μｍであった。
　実施例３の黄銅製試験片の凹凸部における、比（Ｂ／Ａ）の値を上述のようにして求めたところ、０．９であった。また、深さＡの平均値は１２０μｍであった。
　比較例１のアルミニウム製試験片の凹凸部における、比（Ｂ／Ａ）の値を上述のようにして求めたところ、０．２であった。また、深さＡの平均値は１９０μｍであった。
　次いで、凹凸部を設けた各試験片の凹凸部を覆うように、株式会社ソディック製の射出成型機ＬＡ６０を用いて図３（Ｂ）に示すような樹脂部１０４を樹脂加熱温度２１０℃、金型温度８０℃の条件でインジェクション成形した。樹脂部１０４の大きさは、外径がφ２６ｍｍで厚みが２ｍｍとした。樹脂としては、はポリプラスチック株式会社製のポリアセタール（ＰＯＭ）樹脂（標準グレードＭ９０－４４）とした。
　樹脂部を形成した各試験片を用いて、下記方法により接合強度を評価した。なお、接合強度評価用の試験片を、実施例及び比較例毎に５つ準備した。
－評価方法－
　株式会社島津製作所製ＡＧ－５ｋＮＩＳを用いて、試験速度５ｍｍ／ｍｉｎで引張試験を行い、５つの接合体についての接合強度を求めその平均値を算出した。
　ＰＯＭ樹脂との接合において、各試験片についての接合強度は以下のとおりであった。
　実施例１のアルミニウム製試験片についての接合強度の平均値は、１７．８ＭＰａであった。
　実施例２の銅製試験片についての接合強度の平均値は、１４．７ＭＰａであった。
　実施例３の黄銅製試験片についての接合強度の平均値は、２２．４ＭＰａであった。
　比較例１のアルミニウム製試験片についての接合強度の平均値は、０ＭＰａであった。
　本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
１０　平滑部
１２　凹凸部
１４　突起
１６　窪み
１００　試験片
１０２　凹凸部
１０４　樹脂部

Claims (3)

  1. 　平滑部と凹凸部とを一の面に有し、
    　前記平滑部の表面を基準面としたときに、前記凹凸部が、前記基準面よりも低い位置まで到達する複数の窪みと、前記基準面よりも高い位置まで突出する複数の突起とを有し、
    　前記基準面から前記窪みの底部までの深さＡの平均値と、前記基準面から前記突起の頂部までの高さＢの平均値との比（Ｂ／Ａ）が、０．３～３である接合用金属部材。
  2. 　前記深さＡの平均値が、１００μｍ～１．５ｍｍである請求項１に記載の接合用金属部材。
  3. 　請求項１又は請求項２に記載の接合用金属部材と、
    　前記接合用金属部材における前記平滑部と前記凹凸部とを有する面と接合する樹脂部材と、を有する接合体。
PCT/JP2019/018782 2019-05-10 2019-05-10 接合用金属部材及び接合体 WO2020230200A1 (ja)

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