CN105432334B - A kind of budding method of apocarya - Google Patents
A kind of budding method of apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432334B CN105432334B CN201511014685.6A CN201511014685A CN105432334B CN 105432334 B CN105432334 B CN 105432334B CN 201511014685 A CN201511014685 A CN 201511014685A CN 105432334 B CN105432334 B CN 105432334B
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- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 4
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- 244000068645 Carya illinoensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of budding method of apocarya belongs to plant asexual multiplication seedling technical field.It includes the following steps: that bud connects the selection in period, the acquisition of scion and storage, grafting, managing after grafting, cut anvil etc., the budding knife that scion is limited using the present invention.The present invention, which passes through, utilizes novel budding knife, substantially increase budder utilization rate and working efficiency, simultaneously by using anti-browning agent, tissue browning can effectively be slowed down, be conducive to going on smoothly for bud connection technology, improve graft survival rate, the budding method have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, high-efficient, make full use of cuttage material, survival rate stabilization, budding method of the invention is equally applicable to the fruit trees such as walnut, Chinese scholar tree, persimmon, olive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant asexual multiplication seedling technical fields, and in particular to a kind of budding method of apocarya.
Background technique
Apocarya (Carya illinoinensis Koch) is Juglandaceae hickory plant, is world-renowned
Dry fruit tree variety.Propagation by grafiting is one of the vegetative propagation technique means being most widely used in production of forestry, especially square bud
Application of the connection technology in apocarya grafting, so that apocarya breeding scale quick propagation is achieved.On shell mountain
It is generally to cut bud tablets with conventional buck budding knife when walnut summer budding, 3cm or so wide bud tablets have 1 full bud
Body.
However, being but frequently found in practical work: the full sprout spacing 1. in scion is widely different, and full bud majority is close
It is distributed in collection scion middle and upper part, collected 3cm or so long bud tablets often contain 5-6 full buds, serious waste sometimes
Originally rare Breeds resources；2. grafting 300-500 plants after, the budding knife edge of a knife will rust, not only take bud hard, delay
Working efficiency more causes notch not smooth enough, to affect the cambial abundant fitting of anvil fringe；3. when grafting operation no matter first
It cuts stock and still first cuts scion, after waiting two materials to cut, when preparation is attached to bud tablets on stock, cut at first
A material always have occurred different degrees of brown stain, the generation of brown stain often caused by apocarya tissue containing big
The secondary metabolite (phenolic substances and tannin etc.) of amount, the histocyte of incision has damage after skin zone removing plant, with
Oxidation reaction has occurred into the oxygen in cell, generates quinone.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to a kind of square bud connection technologies of improvement, on the basis of increasing the availability of fringe bar, reduce
Melting brown rate is organized, graft survival rate is stablized, improves working efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of buds of apocarya to connect
Method.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) bud connects the selection in period: the first tenday period of a month in May to early September, as long as sprout can remove from xylem；
2) acquisition and storage of scion: the semi-lignified young sprout for choosing sprout stalwartness is scion, should be cut off immediately after acquisition
Blade leaves petiole base and protects sturdy axillary bud, and wraps scion with wet cloth and be stored in shady place storage；
3) it grafts:
A selects rugosity in the branch or trunk of 0.5cm or more as stock, and the smooth position in northeast orientation is used on stock
The novel horizontal partial application of budding knife, then partial application is indulged on the notch left side or the right with the point of a knife of wherein 1 blade, when longitudinal sectional, in notch
Lower section cuts wound mouth simultaneously；And remove the stock square skin of well cutting, expose square interface, and connect with anti-browning agent spraying
Mouthful, anti-browning agent is applied with writing brush or watering can sprays a thin layer；
B choose it is full in the rugosity scion close with stock budder, by this it is full budder centered on, with novel budding knife cross
It cuts, is deep to xylem, then lightly one pushed away with thumb in each vertical partial application of the right and left of buddering with point of a knife, remove complete side
Block is buddered；
Square in step b is buddered patch over that interface rapidly by c, it is desirable that sprout upward, is buddered and interface upside, downside
Fitting, is aligned with interface left or right side；
D is bound with grafting membrane from lower part of buddering from bottom to top, and sprout can be wrapped up also to be exposed inside, makes to budder
It is bonded completely with stock, it is desirable that binding rain-tight, stuffy, elastic appropriateness bond grafting membrane tightly i.e. with stock with buddering
It can；
4) managing after grafting:
It can unbind within 12-20 days after grafting, with the point of a knife of novel budding knife in graft union back side alignment grafting membrane gently one
It draws, depth requirements only hurt skin zone, can unbind, and petiole of buddering gently is pushed after unbundlings, and the person that easily do not fall off as survives, if
It does not fall off, then should carry out benefit as early as possible and connect, moisturizing is carried out according to soil dry-wet situation after unbundlings, prevents from buddering and crack because of water shortage；
5) cut anvil: after unbundlings discovery survives, cut anvil is carried out at two buds in top of buddering, so that stock carries out photosynthetic work
With, and all axillary buds of budder top and decentralization are erased.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that the grafting same day is fine day or cloudy day.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that it is sturdy that petiole base protection is left in step 2
The length of axillary bud is 1cm-1.5cm, and storage is optimal for same day clip scion same day grafting no more than 48 hours.
A kind of budding method of apocarya, it is characterised in that the edge of a knife width of horizontal partial application in step 3) a
For the 1/3-1/2 of stock rugosity, depth to xylem；The width buddered in step 3) b is the 1/3-1/2 of stock rugosity, bleeding
Mouth is length 1cm-2cm, width 2mm-4mm.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that stock square interface is sprayed in step 3) b
The anti-browning agent smeared is one of vitamin C, cysteine and citric acid or a variety of mixed solutions, the concentration of anti-browning agent
For 0.02-0.1g/L.
A kind of budding method of the apocarya, it is characterised in that the method that connects is mended in step 4) uses bud grafting method,
Repeat step 1) -3).
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that stock square interface is sprayed in step 3) b
The anti-browning agent smeared is one of vitamin C, cysteine and citric acid or a variety of mixed solutions, the concentration of anti-browning agent
For 0.02-0.1g/L.
A kind of budding method of apocarya, it is characterised in that the nursery stock cut anvil grafted the 5-7 month in step 5)
Time are as follows: after unbundlings discovery survives, carry out cut anvil at two buds in top of buddering, removed sprouting on stock every 5-7 days later
Bud 1 time, when budder it is long to 10cm when, stay 0.5cm-1cm to carry out secondary cut anvil on top of buddering, promotion is buddered growth, is waited and is buddered
It is long to 30cm when, sprouting should be given to bind the anti-windbreak of pillar.
A kind of budding method of apocarya, it is characterised in that the nursery stock cut anvil grafted the 5-7 month in step 5)
Time are as follows: after unbundlings discovery survives, carry out cut anvil at two buds in top of buddering, removed sprouting on stock every 5-7 days later
Bud 1 time, when budder it is long to 10cm when, stay 0.5cm-1cm to carry out secondary cut anvil on top of buddering, promotion is buddered growth, is waited and is buddered
It is long to 30cm when, sprouting should be given to bind the anti-windbreak of pillar.
A kind of budding method of apocarya, it is characterised in that the nursery stock cut anvil grafted the 8-9 month in step 5)
Time are as follows: after unbundlings discovery survives, wait until to carry out cut anvil again before the next spring is sprouted always, endure cold, cut in order to avoid newly sprouting to budder
0.5cm-1cm is stayed to carry out cut anvil, and the rudiment removed on a stock every 5-7 days on top of buddering when anvil, until length of buddering
When to 30cm, sprouting is given to bind the anti-windbreak of pillar.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that novel budding knife includes the broach shell being cooperatively connected
And knife rest, the knife rest are equipped with telescoping mechanism, the first blade and the second blade, activity is set respectively for the first blade and the second blade
It sets at telescoping mechanism both ends, spacing between the first blade and the second blade can be adjusted by telescoping mechanism, is arranged on the knife rest
First sliding groove and second sliding slot, the first blade are fixed in first sliding groove by the first adjusting buckle, and the second blade is adjusted by second
Section button is fixed in second sliding slot, can be adjusted blade by adjusting buckle and be protruded horizontally up length with respect to knife rest.
The budding method of a kind of apocarya, it is characterised in that telescoping mechanism described in novel budding knife is by first
Telescopic rod and the socket of the second telescopic rod connect and compose, and the second flexible rod set is in the first telescopic rod and is adjustable flexible with respect to first
The extension elongation of bar, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod connect one end setting insert pocket, the first blade and second with blade
Blade is arranged in corresponding insert pocket, and insert pocket inner wall is surrounded by stainless steel material protective layer, and the first telescopic rod is equipped with lock
Locking apparatus.
By using above-mentioned technology, compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) present invention greatly enhances surviving for thin shell mountain pecan peach grafting by using the budding method of restriction
Rate makes its survival rate reach 97% or more, not only mentions by a large amount of it is demonstrated experimentally that the grafting method and benefit of the restriction connect method
High working efficiency, has saved labour, has reduced grafting cost, and the apocarya large area of high-quality can be enable
Plantation, increases economic efficiency；
2) the full sprout in You Yu scion strip middle and lower part is apart from each other, and the full sprout in top is more intensive, when cutting scion, answers
Middle and lower part sprout is first taken and then adjusted budding knife piece spacing, the full sprout on top is cut, makes full use of treasure to reach
The purpose of your material resources, in order to meet this requirement, for the present invention using the novel budding knife limited, it includes two blades,
And the extension elongation of the distance between two blades and two blades with respect to knife rest can be adjusted according to the actual situation, structure letter
It is single, easy to operate, using flexible, safe and reliable, the waste of scion can be greatly reduced in actual use, when keen edge degree by
When decrescence weak, only this part need to be broken with pliers disconnected, remaining part can guarantee the complete and working efficiency of graft union again；By
In the guarantee sharp state of the edge of a knife always, therefore Relationship between Graft Effect and efficiency are substantially increased, when not in use, can will be grafted with broach shell
Knife cover is good, safe and convenient, according to actual needs, adjusts budding knife piece spacing, cuts full sprout, make full use of preciousness to reach
The purpose of material resources；
3) by the present invention in that spraying stock notch with the anti-browning agent solution of low concentration, it is brown that the generation of stock notch can be extended
Become the time, even the grafting new hand that service speed is slower, guarantee anvil fringe alignment bondage it is elastic be suitable in the case where grafting at
Motility rate can also greatly improve, and the present invention also cuts wound mouth simultaneously in suitable order, and the moisture of incision is discharged in time,
Guarantee the drying of notch；
4) present invention substantially increases budder utilization rate and working efficiency, while by making by utilizing novel budding knife
It with anti-browning agent, can effectively slow down tissue browning, be conducive to going on smoothly for bud connection technology, improve graft survival rate, which connects
Method have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, high-efficient, make full use of cuttage material, survival rate to stablize, budding method of the invention is same
Sample is suitable for the fruit trees such as walnut, Chinese scholar tree, persimmon, olive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sliding slot end of the present invention partial enlargement structural representation.
In figure: 1- broach shell, the second blade of 2-, 3- knife rest, the first blade of 4-, the first adjusting buckle of 5-, 6- first sliding groove, 7-
One telescopic rod, the second telescopic rod of 8-, the second adjusting buckle of 9-, 10- second sliding slot, 11- stainless steel material protective layer, 12- blade are inserted
Slot.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments and Figure of description the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited only to this:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the novel budding knife used in the present invention, it includes the broach shell 1 and knife rest 3 being cooperatively connected, knife
Set 1 is for protecting the blade on knife rest 3；The knife rest 3 is equipped with telescoping mechanism, the first blade 4 and the second blade 2, described to stretch
Contracting mechanism is connected and composed by the first telescopic rod 7 and the socket of the second telescopic rod 8, and the second 8 sets of telescopic rod is in the first telescopic rod 7 and energy
The extension elongation of opposite first telescopic rod 7 is adjusted, the first telescopic rod 7 is equipped with locking system and uses locking after length adjustment is good
Device locks；The length range being adjustable between second telescopic rod 8 and the first telescopic rod 7 of the invention is 10mm-30mm, and first stretches
Contracting bar 7 and the second telescopic rod 8 connect setting insert pocket 12 in one end with blade, in order to extend the use longevity of the insert pocket 12
Life, the present invention is surrounded by stainless steel material protective layer 11 in 12 inner wall of insert pocket, when preventing blade Level tune, wears knife
Piece slot 12；First blade 4 is mounted in the insert pocket 12 of the first telescopic rod 7, and the second blade 2 is mounted on the second telescopic rod 8
Insert pocket 12 on, can be reached by the registration between the first telescopic rod 7 and the second telescopic rod 8 adjust 4 He of the first blade
Spacing between second blade 2 only need to break this part in disconnected, remaining portion with pliers when the sword sharpness of blade gradually weakens
Divide the complete and working efficiency that can guarantee graft union again；
As shown, the present invention is arranged first sliding groove 6 and second sliding slot 10 on the knife rest 3, the first blade 4 passes through the
One adjusting buckle 5 is fixed in first sliding groove 6, and the second blade 2 is fixed in second sliding slot 10 by the second adjusting buckle 9, can be passed through
Adjusting buckle adjusts protrude horizontally up length of the blade with respect to knife rest, selects most sharp blade operative.
As shown, it is of the invention using it is preceding prepare it is as follows: according to actual needs, the first telescopic rod 7 of adjusting and second stretch
Contracting bar 8 makes the interval between the first blade 4 and the second blade 2 meet actual requirement, then is lockked with locking system, prevents first
Telescopic rod 7 is mobile relative to the second telescopic rod 8, changes spacing；Spacing mixes up and then pushes the first adjusting buckle 5 and second to adjust
Button 9 adjusts the first blade 4 in the position of position, the second blade 2 in second sliding slot 10 in first sliding groove 6, reaches adjusting knife
Piece protrudes horizontally up length with respect to knife rest 3, selects sharper blade operative, is greatly improved scion collection capacity and acquisition effect
Rate, while by the protection of round broach shell, can not only prevent using when hurt grafting worker, but also can be readily transported, be applicable in batch production
Production application.
Embodiment 1: the engrafting method of apocarya includes the following steps:
1) bud connects the selection in period: May 12, the same day is fine day；
2) acquisition and storage of scion:
The semi-lignified young sprout for choosing sprout stalwartness is scion, should cut off blade after acquisition immediately, leave petiole base
1cmcm protects sturdy axillary bud, and wraps scion with wet cloth and be stored in shady place, same day grafting；
3) it grafts:
1. selecting rugosity in the branch of 0.6cm as stock, the smooth position in northeast orientation is connect with novel bud on stock
The horizontal partial application of knife, the 1/3 of edge of a knife width substantially stock rugosity, depth to xylem, then with the point of a knife of wherein 1 blade in notch
Partial application is indulged on the left side or the right, when longitudinal sectional, cuts length 2cm, the wound mouth of width 2mm, square interface simultaneously in suitable order
Interface is sprayed with the vitamin c solution of 0.1g/L, writing brush or spraying kettle spray when spraying；
2. choose rugosity and stock substantially similar in it is full in scion budder, by this it is full budder centered on, with novel bud
It is crosscutting to connect knife, is deep to xylem, then lightly one pushed away, removed with thumb in each vertical partial application of the right and left of buddering with point of a knife
Whole square is buddered, and the width buddered is about the 1/3 of stock rugosity, one of vitamin C, cysteine and citric acid or more
Kind mixed solution, the concentration of anti-browning agent are 0.02-0.1g/L.；
It is attached on interface 3. will budder rapidly, it is desirable that sprout upward, budders and is bonded with interface upside, downside, with an interface left side
Side or right-justification；
4. being bound from bottom to top with grafting membrane from lower part of buddering, sprout can be wrapped up also to be exposed inside, makes to connect
Bud is bonded completely with stock, it is desirable that binding rain-tight, stuffy, elastic appropriateness；
4) managing after grafting:
It can unbind within 12 days after grafting, be directed at grafting membrane gently stroke at the graft union back side with the point of a knife of novel budding knife,
Depth requirements only hurt skin zone, can unbind, and petiole of buddering gently is pushed after unbundlings, and the person that easily do not fall off as survives, meanwhile, solution
Moisturizing should be carried out according to soil dry-wet situation after tying up, prevent from buddering and crack because of water shortage, if do not survive, i.e., repeatable step
1)-step 3) mend and is connect.
5 cut anvils: after unbundlings discovery survives, cut anvil is carried out at two buds in top of buddering, so that stock carries out photosynthetic work
With, and all axillary buds of budder top and decentralization are erased, it is long extremely when buddering later every rudiment 1 time removed on stock in 5 days
When 10cm, 0.5cm is stayed to carry out secondary cut anvil on top of buddering, promotion is buddered growth, is waited and is buddered when growing to 30cm, should tie up to sprouting
Prick the anti-windbreak of pillar.
The budding method of the embodiment of the present invention is equally applicable to the fruit trees such as walnut, Chinese scholar tree, persimmon, olive, is used for
The budding method of the fruit trees such as walnut, Chinese scholar tree, persimmon, olive is identical as apocarya.
Embodiment 2: the engrafting method of apocarya includes the following steps:
1) bud connects selecting for period: being the cloudy day on the day of September 12；
2) acquisition and storage of scion:
The semi-lignified young sprout for choosing sprout stalwartness is scion, should cut off blade after acquisition immediately, leave petiole base
1.5cm protects sturdy axillary bud, and wraps scion with wet cloth and be stored in shady place, stores more than 24 hours and grafts again；
3) it grafts:
1. selecting rugosity in the trunk of 0.8cm as stock, the smooth position in northeast orientation is connect with novel bud on stock
The horizontal partial application of knife, the 1/2 of edge of a knife width substantially stock rugosity, depth to xylem, then with the point of a knife of wherein 1 blade in notch
Partial application is indulged on the left side or the right, then partial application is indulged on the notch left side or the right with the point of a knife of wherein 1 blade, when longitudinal sectional, in notch
Lower section cuts length 2cm, the wound mouth of width 2mm simultaneously, and square interface sprays interface with the cysteine solution of 0.05g/L,
Writing brush or spraying kettle spray when spraying；
2. choose rugosity and stock substantially similar in it is full in scion budder, by this it is full budder centered on, with novel bud
It is crosscutting to connect knife, is deep to xylem, then lightly one pushed away, removed with thumb in each vertical partial application of the right and left of buddering with point of a knife
Whole square is buddered, and the width buddered is about the 1/2 of stock rugosity；
It is attached on interface 3. will budder rapidly, it is desirable that sprout upward, budders and is bonded with interface upside, downside, with an interface left side
Side or right-justification；
4. being bound from bottom to top with grafting membrane from lower part of buddering, sprout can be wrapped up also to be exposed inside, makes to connect
Bud is bonded completely with stock, it is desirable that binding rain-tight, stuffy, elastic appropriateness；
4) managing after grafting: can unbind for 20 days after grafting, and with the point of a knife of novel budding knife, at the graft union back side, alignment is transferred
Film gently stroke is connect, depth requirements only hurt skin zone, can unbind, and petiole of buddering gently is pushed after unbundlings, and the person that easily do not fall off is
To survive, if not falling off, then benefit should be carried out as early as possible and is connect, meanwhile, moisturizing should be carried out according to soil dry-wet situation after unbundlings, prevented
It budders and cracks because of water shortage；
5, it cut anvil: after unbundlings discovery survives, waits until to carry out cut anvil again before the next spring is sprouted always, budder in order to avoid newly sprouting
It endures cold, stays 1cm to carry out cut anvil, and the rudiment removed on a stock every 5 days on top of buddering when cut anvil, until it is long extremely to budder
When 30cm, the anti-windbreak of pillar is bound to sprouting.
The present invention greatly enhances surviving for thin shell mountain pecan peach grafting by using the budding method of restriction
Rate makes its survival rate reach 97% or more, not only mentions by a large amount of it is demonstrated experimentally that the grafting method and benefit of the restriction connect method
High working efficiency, has saved labour, has reduced grafting cost, and the apocarya large area of high-quality can be enable
Plantation, increases economic efficiency.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of budding method of apocarya, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) bud connects the selection in period: the first tenday period of a month in May to early September, as long as sprout can remove from xylem；
2) acquisition and storage of scion: the semi-lignified young sprout for choosing sprout stalwartness is scion, should cut off blade after acquisition immediately,
It leaves petiole base and protects sturdy axillary bud, and scion is wrapped with wet cloth and is stored in shady place storage, leave petiole base guarantor
The length for protecting sturdy axillary bud is 1cm-1.5cm, and storage was no more than 48 hours；
3) it grafts:
A selects rugosity in the branch or trunk of 0.5cm or more as stock, and the smooth position in northeast orientation is with novel on stock
The horizontal partial application of budding knife, then partial application is indulged on the notch left side or the right with the point of a knife of wherein 1 blade, when longitudinal sectional, in suitable order
Wound mouth is cut simultaneously；And remove the stock square skin of well cutting, expose square interface, and spray interface with anti-browning agent,
The anti-browning agent for spraying the smearing of stock square interface is one of vitamin C, cysteine and citric acid or a variety of mixing
Solution, the concentration of anti-browning agent are 0.02-0.1g/L；
B choose it is full in the rugosity scion close with stock budder, by this it is full budder centered on, it is crosscutting with novel budding knife,
It is deep to xylem, then lightly one is pushed away with thumb in each vertical partial application of the right and left of buddering with point of a knife, removes complete square and connect
Bud；
Square in step b is buddered patch over that interface rapidly by c, it is desirable that sprout upward, budders and pastes with interface upside, downside
It closes, is aligned with interface left or right side；
D is bound with grafting membrane from lower part of buddering from bottom to top, and sprout can be wrapped up also to be exposed inside, makes to budder and anvil
The wooden fitting completely, it is desirable that binding rain-tight, stuffy, elastic appropriateness；
4) managing after grafting:
It can unbind within 12-20 days after grafting, be directed at grafting membrane gently stroke at the graft union back side with the point of a knife of novel budding knife, it is deep
Degree requires only to hurt skin zone, can unbind, and petiole of buddering gently is pushed after unbundlings, the person that easily do not fall off is to survive, if not taking off
It falls, then should carry out benefit as early as possible and connect, moisturizing is carried out according to soil dry-wet situation after unbundlings, prevents from buddering and crack because of water shortage；
5) cut anvil: after unbundlings discovery survives, carrying out cut anvil at two buds in top of buddering, so that stock carries out photosynthesis,
And all axillary buds over and under buddering are erased, the nursery stock cut anvil time grafted the 5-7 month are as follows: after unbundlings discovery survives,
Budder and carry out cut anvil at two buds in top, later every rudiment 1 time removed on stock in 5-7 days, when budder grow to 10cm when,
Top of buddering stays 0.5cm-1cm to carry out secondary cut anvil, and promotion is buddered growth, wait budder it is long to 30cm when, sprouting binding should be given
The anti-windbreak of column；The nursery stock cut anvil time grafted the 8-9 month are as follows: after unbundlings discovery survives, wait until that the next spring sprouting is preceding again always
Cut anvil is carried out, in order to avoid newly sprout to budder and endure cold, stays 0.5cm-1cm to carry out cut anvil on top of buddering when cut anvil, and every removing in 5-7 days
Rudiment on stock, until budder it is long to 30cm when, give sprouting to bind the anti-windbreak of pillar；
Novel budding knife includes the broach shell (1) and knife rest (3) being cooperatively connected, and the knife rest (3) is equipped with telescoping mechanism, the first knife
Piece (4) and the second blade (2), the first blade (4) and the second blade (2) are movably arranged on telescoping mechanism both ends respectively, can pass through
Telescoping mechanism adjusts spacing between the first blade (4) and the second blade (2), setting first sliding groove (6) and the on the knife rest (3)
Two sliding slots (10), the first blade (4) are fixed on first sliding groove (6) by the first adjusting buckle (5), and the second blade (2) passes through the
Two adjusting buckles (9) are fixed on second sliding slot (10), can be adjusted blade by adjusting buckle and be protruded horizontally up length with respect to knife rest；Newly
Telescoping mechanism described in type budding knife is connected and composed by the first telescopic rod (7) and the second telescopic rod (8) socket, the second telescopic rod (8)
The extension elongation of opposite first telescopic rod (7) is covered in the first telescopic rod (7) and is adjustable, the first telescopic rod (7) and second stretch
Contracting bar (8) connect one end setting insert pocket (12) with blade, and the first blade (4) and the second blade (2) are arranged in corresponding knife
On piece slot (12), insert pocket (12) inner wall is surrounded by stainless steel material protective layer (11), and the first telescopic rod (7) is filled equipped with locking
It sets.
2. a kind of budding method of apocarya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that grafting the same day be fine day or
Cloudy day.
3. a kind of budding method of apocarya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that same day clip in step 2
Grafting on the day of scion.
4. a kind of budding method of apocarya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that horizontal partial application in step 3) a
Edge of a knife width be stock rugosity 1/3-1/2, depth to xylem；The width buddered in step 3) b is the 1/ of stock rugosity
, the length 1cm-2cm of wound mouth, width 2mm-4mm.
5. a kind of budding method of apocarya according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mended in step 4) and connect method
Using bud grafting method, step 1) -3 is repeated).
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