CN112772169B - Improved mulberry bud grafting process based on sheet bud grafting method - Google Patents
Improved mulberry bud grafting process based on sheet bud grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112772169B CN112772169B CN202110085641.1A CN202110085641A CN112772169B CN 112772169 B CN112772169 B CN 112772169B CN 202110085641 A CN202110085641 A CN 202110085641A CN 112772169 B CN112772169 B CN 112772169B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/38—Holding; Ligating
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved mulberry bud grafting process based on a sheet bud grafting method, which belongs to the technical field of mulberry bud grafting, can realize that stock and scion are cut by utilizing grafting shearing, the smooth and inosculation of the grafting surface is ensured, the grafting efficiency can be improved, the grafting period is longer, the grafting can be carried out in spring and autumn, a specially-made bark cutting auxiliary device is arranged, the bark cutting auxiliary device can assist workers to cut two stock vertical tangent lines and two branch vertical tangent lines, the distance between the two stock vertical tangent lines is equal to the distance between the two branch vertical tangent lines, a limiting component is also arranged to ensure that the stock vertical tangent line is matched with the branch vertical tangent line, so that the cut stock bark is matched with the branch bark, the branch bark is not required to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, the situation that the branch is smaller than the stock bark can be effectively avoided, the bud grafting waste is avoided, and the dependence of manual cutting on the skilled operation technology is overcome, and the technical requirement is not high, and the method can be mastered quickly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulberry budding, in particular to an improved mulberry budding process based on a sheet budding method.
Background
Grafting is one of artificial propagation methods of plants. The branch or bud of one plant is grafted to the stem or root of another plant, and the two parts which are connected together are grown into a complete plant. The grafting method is divided into a branch grafting method and a bud grafting method. The grafting is carried out by utilizing the function of wound healing of the plant after being wounded.
At present, the mulberry seedling grafting mainly adopts a bag grafting method, the mulberry is changed to be grafted and the mulberry is changed to be planted by adopting a bud grafting method, and the methods all need higher grafting technology. With the labor force transfer in the traditional mulberry seedling breeding area, the total grafting amount of the mulberry seedlings greatly slides down, and the supply of the grafted mulberry seedlings is influenced in the past. Therefore, an improved mulberry bud grafting process based on a sheet bud grafting method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an improved mulberry bud grafting process based on a sheet bud grafting method, which can cut a stock and a scion by utilizing grafting shearing, ensure that the grafting surface is smooth and inosculated, improve the grafting efficiency, ensure a longer grafting period, can graft in spring and autumn, is provided with a specially-made bark cutting auxiliary device, can assist workers to cut two stock vertical tangent lines and two branch vertical tangent lines, ensure that the distance between the two stock vertical tangent lines is equal to the distance between the two branch vertical tangent lines, and is also provided with a limiting component to ensure that the stock vertical tangent line is matched with the branch vertical tangent line, so that the cut stock bark is matched with the branch bark, further the branch bark does not need to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, and the bark is effectively prevented from being smaller than the stock bark, further avoiding the waste of scion, therefore, the dependence of manual cutting on skilled operation technology is overcome, the technical requirement is not high, the operation is simple, and the operation can be mastered quickly.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
An improved mulberry bud grafting process based on a sheet bud grafting method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a seedling or a rejected variety which grows vigorously and does not have diseases and insect pests as a stock;
s2, fixing the auxiliary bark cutting device on the rootstock selected in the S1, and cutting two parallel vertical rootstock tangents on the rootstock through the auxiliary bark cutting device;
s3, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical stock tangent line to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical stock tangent line respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse stock tangents, and taking down the bark of the cut stocks, thereby forming an interface on the stocks;
s4, selecting a branch with plump leaf buds from a strong, high-yield and disease and insect pest-free mulberry tree, wherein the thickness of the branch is approximately similar to that of a stock;
s5, selecting a leaf bud from the branch selected in S4 as an inoculation bud, and fixing a skin cutting auxiliary device to the outer side of the inoculation bud;
s6, cutting two parallel vertical branch cutting lines on the branches through a bark cutting auxiliary device;
s7, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical tangent line of one branch to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical tangent line of the other branch respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse tangents of the branches, and taking down the bark of the branch with the scion bud;
and S8, moving the branch bark with the scion bud to an interface formed after the bark of the rootstock is taken out of S3, and binding the branch bark with the scion bud to the rootstock by using a plastic tape to complete the bud grafting.
Further, when the binding is performed by using the plastic tape in S8, the stock should be bound from the upper end of the grafting opening, and after the grafting of S8 is completed, the stock needs to be cut 8-10cm above the grafting position.
Further, surely skin auxiliary device includes device case and action bars, set up on the outer wall of the positive one side of device case with action bars assorted slide bar groove, the one end of action bars slides and runs through the slide bar groove and extend to the device incasement to fixedly connected with linkage horizontal pole, the slider that two symmetries of fixedly connected with set up on the inner wall of device case, sliding connection has the direction slide rail on the outer wall of slider, one side fixedly connected with supporting spring of direction slide rail, two elasticity lifting ropes of top fixedly connected with of linkage horizontal pole, the surely skin blade that two symmetries of one side fixedly connected with of linkage horizontal pole set up, set up two respectively with two surely skin blade assorted broach grooves on the outer wall of device case, surely skin blade slides and runs through the outside that the broach groove that corresponds extends to the device case.
Furthermore, one end of the supporting spring, which is far away from the guide slide rail, is fixedly connected with the linkage cross bar, one end of the elastic lifting rope, which is far away from the linkage cross bar, is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top of the device box, the slide bar groove and the slide knife groove are both arranged in a strip shape, when the auxiliary device for cutting the bark is fixed on the stock, the operating rod is firstly pressed through the arrangement of the operating rod, the linkage cross rod, the supporting spring, the bark cutting blade, the slide groove, the slide rod groove, the slide block, the guide slide rail and the elastic lifting rope, can drive the two bark cutting blades to approach the bark until the bark cutting blades penetrate the bark, then pulls the operating rod downwards, the bark cutting blade can be driven to cut the bark downwards, so that two parallel stock vertical cutting lines are cut, and the same principle is achieved, two parallel branch vertical cutting lines can be cut, and the distance between the two stock vertical cutting lines is equal to the distance between the two branch vertical cutting lines, so that the cut stock bark can be conveniently controlled to be matched with the branch bark.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the two sides of the device box are provided with clamping pull rods in a sliding way, one end of each clamping pull rod is fixedly connected with a clamping plate, the outer wall of the device box is provided with a sliding plate groove matched with the clamping plate, the outer wall of each clamping pull rod is sleeved with a clamping spring, the sliding plate groove penetrates through the clamping plate and extends to the outside of the device box, one end, away from the clamping plate, of each clamping pull rod is provided with a pull ring, and through the arrangement of the clamping pull rods, the clamping plates, the sliding plate grooves, the clamping springs and the pull rings, when the auxiliary device for peeling is fixed on the stock, the two clamping pull rods can be pulled by the pull rings simultaneously to drive the two clamping plates to move away in the opposite directions and enable the clamping springs to be extruded and contracted until the distance between the two clamping plates is larger than the diameter of the stock, and then the auxiliary device for peeling is moved to enable the two clamping plates to be respectively located on the two sides of the stock, the pull ring is slowly loosened, the clamping spring is made to rebound, the two clamping plates are respectively clamped on the two sides of the stock under the action of the elastic force of the clamping spring, the bark cutting auxiliary device can be fixed to the stock, and the bark cutting auxiliary device can be fixed to the branch in the same way.
Furthermore, an anti-deviation block is fixedly connected on the outer wall of one side of the back surface of the device box, a bud placing cylinder is embedded on the outer wall of one side of the back surface of the device box, one side of the deviation prevention block, which is far away from the device box, is arranged to be arc-surface-shaped, the bud placing cylinder is arranged to be semicircular, the bud placing cylinder is positioned above the deviation prevention block, through the arrangement of the bud placing cylinder, when the auxiliary device for cutting the bark is fixed on the rootstock or the branch, the bud placing tube can be attached to the rootstock or the branch, thereby preventing the device box from moving close to the stock or the branch when the support spring cuts the bark, further improving the stability, when the auxiliary device for cutting bark is fixed on the branch, the deviation-proof block can be aligned with the scion bud, so that the scion bud can enter the deviation-proof block, and then prevent that the device case from causing the extrusion to the bud, lead to connecing the bud and destroyed, improved the practicality.
Further, be provided with spacing subassembly on the device case, spacing subassembly includes two fixed connection in the backup pad on the positive one side outer wall of device case, fixedly connected with clamping screw between the backup pad, threaded connection has a movable adjusting section of thick bamboo on clamping screw's the outer wall, fixed cover is equipped with the limiting plate on the outer wall of a movable adjusting section of thick bamboo.
Furthermore, the limiting component also comprises a limiting rod fixedly connected to one side of the operating rod, the limiting plate is arranged in a circular ring shape, the movable adjusting cylinder can be moved and adjusted along the fixing screw rod by rotating the movable adjusting cylinder through the limiting component, so that the limiting plate is driven to move and adjust, before bark is cut, the limiting plate can be adjusted according to the size of a required interface, the linear distance between the limiting plate and the limiting rod is adjusted to be matched with the interface, and when the bark is cut, the limiting rod is required to be moved to abut against the limiting plate, so that the matching of the vertical tangent line of the stock and the vertical tangent line of the branch can be ensured, the bark of the cut-off stock is matched with the bark of the branch, the bark of the branch is not required to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, the branch bark can be effectively prevented from being smaller than the bark of the stock, and the bud waste can be avoided, secondly, make spacing subassembly can carry out the regulation of adaptability in certain extent according to the size of interface for skin auxiliary device's practicality has been improved greatly.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the scheme utilizes grafting, shearing and cutting the stock and the scion, ensures that the grafting surface is smooth and inosculated, can improve the grafting efficiency, has longer grafting period, can be grafted in spring and autumn, and is provided with a special bark cutting auxiliary device which can assist workers in cutting two vertical stock tangents and two vertical branch tangents, and the distance between the two vertical cutting lines of the rootstock is equal to the distance between the two vertical cutting lines of the branch, a limiting component is also arranged to ensure that the vertical cutting lines of the rootstock are matched with the vertical cutting lines of the branch, so that the cut bark of the rootstock is matched with the bark of the branch, further, the branch bark does not need to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, the branch bark can be effectively prevented from being smaller than the stock bark, further avoiding bud grafting waste, thereby overcoming the dependence of manual cutting on skilled operation technology, and having low technical requirement and simple operation, and being capable of being mastered quickly.
(2) Through the operating rod, the horizontal pole links, supporting spring, the bark cutting blade, the broach groove, the slide bar groove, the slider, the direction slide rail, the setting of elasticity lifting rope, when will cut the bark auxiliary device and fix to the stock, press the operating rod earlier, can drive two bark cutting blades and be close to the bark, pierce through the bark until the bark cutting blade, then stimulate the operating rod downwards, can drive the bark cutting blade and cut the bark downwards, thereby cut two parallel stock vertical tangents, the same reason, can cut out two parallel branch vertical tangents, and the distance between two stock vertical tangents equals with the distance between two branch vertical tangents, and then can be convenient for control makes the stock bark and the branch bark phase-match that cut out.
(3) Through the clamping pull rod, the grip block, the slide plate groove, clamping spring, the setting of pull ring, when will cut skin auxiliary device and fix to the stock, accessible pull ring stimulates two clamping pull rods simultaneously, drive two grip blocks reverse movement and keep away from, and make clamping spring receive the extrusion and contract, distance until two grip blocks is greater than the diameter of stock, then remove and cut skin auxiliary device, make two grip blocks be located the both sides of stock respectively, slowly loosen the pull ring, make clamping spring kick-back, and under the effect of clamping spring elasticity, make two grip blocks centre gripping respectively in the both sides of stock, can be fixed to the stock with cutting skin auxiliary device, the same thing is so, can be fixed to the branch with cutting skin auxiliary device, easy operation and convenience, make cutting skin auxiliary device be convenient for fix to stock and branch, the convenience is improved.
(4) Through the setting of putting a bud section of thick bamboo, when will cut skin auxiliary device and fix to stock or branch on, can make and put a bud section of thick bamboo and stock or branch and paste mutually, thereby can prevent that supporting spring is when cutting the bark, the device case is close to the removal to stock or branch, and then improved stability, through preventing the setting of inclined to one side piece, when will cut skin auxiliary device and fix to the branch, can make and prevent that inclined to one side piece aims at the scion bud, thereby make the scion bud get into and prevent in the inclined to one side piece, and then prevent that the device case from leading to the fact the extrusion to the bud, lead to the scion bud to be destroyed, and the practicality is improved.
(5) The movable adjusting cylinder can move and be adjusted along the fixed screw rod by rotating the movable adjusting cylinder through the arrangement of the limiting component, thereby driving the limit plate to move and adjust, so that before the bark is cut, according to the size of the required interface, the limiting plate is adjusted, the linear distance between the limiting plate and the limiting rod is adjusted to be matched with the interface, when cutting is carried out, the limiting rod is required to move to abut against the limiting plate, so that the vertical tangent of the rootstock can be ensured to be matched with the vertical tangent of the branch, the bark of the rootstock is cut off to be matched with the bark of the branch, further, the branch bark does not need to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, the branch bark can be effectively prevented from being smaller than the stock bark, further the bud grafting waste can be avoided, and the limiting component can be enabled to be arranged according to the size of the interface, the adaptability is adjusted within a certain range, so that the practicability of the auxiliary device for cutting the skin is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the auxiliary device for peeling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top sectional view of the inside of the apparatus case of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rear view of the apparatus case of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the rootstock of the present invention with a vertical cut line cut;
figure 6 is a side view of the wicker of the invention when a vertical cut is made.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
101. a device case; 102. an operating lever; 103. a linkage cross bar; 104. a support spring; 105. a skin cutting blade; 106. a sliding blade groove; 107. clamping the pull rod; 108. a clamping plate; 109. a slide plate groove; 110. a clamping spring; 111. a pull ring; 112. placing a bud cylinder; 113. a deviation prevention block; 114. a slide bar slot; 115. a slider; 116. a guide slide rail; 117. an elastic lifting rope; 201. a support plate; 202. fixing the screw rod; 203. a movable adjusting cylinder; 204. a limiting plate; 205. a limiting rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-6, an improved mulberry bud grafting process based on sheet bud grafting comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a seedling or a rejected variety which grows vigorously and does not have diseases and insect pests as a stock;
s2, fixing the auxiliary bark cutting device on the rootstock selected in the S1, and cutting two parallel vertical rootstock tangents on the rootstock through the auxiliary bark cutting device;
s3, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical stock tangent line to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical stock tangent line respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse stock tangents, and taking down the bark of the cut stocks, thereby forming an interface on the stocks;
s4, selecting a branch with plump leaf buds from a strong, high-yield and disease and insect pest-free mulberry tree, wherein the thickness of the branch is approximately similar to that of a stock;
s5, selecting a leaf bud from the branch selected in S4 as an inoculation bud, and fixing a skin cutting auxiliary device to the outer side of the inoculation bud;
s6, cutting two parallel vertical branch cutting lines on the branches through a bark cutting auxiliary device;
s7, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical tangent line of one branch to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical tangent line of the other branch respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse tangents of the branches, and taking down the bark of the branch with the scion bud;
and S8, moving the branch bark with the scion bud to an interface formed after the bark of the rootstock is taken out of S3, and binding the branch bark with the scion bud to the rootstock by using a plastic tape to complete the bud grafting.
When the plastic bands are used for binding in the S8, the rootstock is bound from the upper end of the interface, and after the bud grafting is completed, the rootstock needs to be cut 8-10cm above the bud grafting position.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the auxiliary device for skin cutting comprises a device box 101 and an operating rod 102, a sliding rod groove 114 matching with the operating rod 102 is formed on the outer wall of one side of the front surface of the device box 101, one end of the operating rod 102 penetrates through the sliding rod groove 114 and extends into the device box 101, and is fixedly connected with a linkage cross rod 103, two symmetrically arranged sliding blocks 115 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box 101, a guide sliding rail 116 is connected to the outer wall of the sliding block 115 in a sliding manner, a supporting spring 104 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide sliding rail 116, two elastic lifting ropes 117 are fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage cross rod 103, two symmetrically arranged skin cutting blades 105 are fixedly connected to one side of the linkage cross rod 103, two sliding knife grooves 106 respectively matching with the two skin cutting blades 105 are formed on the outer wall of the device box 101, the skin cutting blades 105 penetrate through the corresponding sliding knife grooves 106 and extend to the outside of the device box 101, one end of a supporting spring 104 far away from a guide sliding rail 116 is fixedly connected with a linkage cross bar 103, one end of an elastic lifting rope 117 far away from the linkage cross bar 103 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top of the device box 101, a sliding bar groove 114 and a sliding bar groove 106 are both arranged into long strips, the operating rod 102, the linkage cross bar 103, the supporting spring 104, the bark cutting blade 105, the sliding bar groove 106, the sliding bar groove 114, the sliding block 115, the guide sliding rail 116 and the elastic lifting rope 117 are arranged, when the bark cutting auxiliary device is fixed on the rootstock, the operating rod 102 is pressed first to drive the two bark cutting blades 105 to approach to the bark until the bark cutting blade 105 penetrates through the bark, then the operating rod 102 is pulled downwards to drive the bark cutting blade 105 to cut the bark downwards, so as to cut two parallel rootstock vertical cutting lines, and cut two parallel branch cutting lines in the same way, and the distance between the two vertical cutting lines is equal to the distance between the two branch cutting lines, further, the cut-off bark of the stock and the bark of the branch can be conveniently controlled to be matched, the outer walls of the two sides of the device box 101 are provided with clamping pull rods 107 in a sliding mode, one ends of the clamping pull rods 107 are fixedly connected with clamping plates 108, the outer wall of the device box 101 is provided with sliding plate grooves 109 matched with the clamping plates 108, the outer walls of the clamping pull rods 107 are sleeved with clamping springs 110, the sliding plate grooves 109 penetrate through the clamping plates 108 and extend to the outside of the device box 101, one ends, far away from the clamping plates 108, of the clamping pull rods 107 are connected with pull rings 111 in a specified mode, the clamping pull rods 107, the clamping plates 108, the sliding plate grooves 109, the clamping springs 110 and the pull rings 111 are arranged, when the bark cutting auxiliary device is fixed on the stock, the two clamping pull rods 107 can be pulled through the pull rings 111 simultaneously to drive the two clamping plates 108 to move away in the opposite directions and enable the clamping springs 110 to be extruded and contracted until the distance between the two clamping plates 108 is larger than the diameter of the stock, then, the bark cutting auxiliary device is moved to enable the two clamping plates 108 to be respectively positioned at two sides of the stock, the pull ring 111 is slowly loosened to enable the clamping spring 110 to rebound, the two clamping plates 108 are respectively clamped at two sides of the stock under the action of the elastic force of the clamping spring 110, the bark cutting auxiliary device can be fixed on the stock, and similarly, the bark cutting auxiliary device can be fixed on the branch, the operation is simple and convenient, the bark cutting auxiliary device is convenient to fix on the stock and the branch, the convenience is improved, the deviation preventing block 113 is fixedly connected on the outer wall at one side of the back of the device box 101, the bud placing cylinder 112 is embedded and installed on the outer wall at one side of the back of the device box 101, one side of the deviation preventing block 113, which is far away from the device box 101, is arc-shaped, the bud placing cylinder 112 is semi-circular, the bud placing cylinder 112 is positioned above the deviation preventing block 113, and through the arrangement of the bud placing cylinder 112, when the bark cutting auxiliary device is fixed on the stock or the branch, can make and put a bud section of thick bamboo 112 and stock or branch and paste mutually to can prevent that supporting spring 104 from being when cutting the bark, device case 101 is close to the removal to stock or branch, and then improved stability, through preventing setting up of inclined to one side piece 113, when will cutting the skin auxiliary device and fix to the branch, can make and prevent inclined to one side piece 113 and aim at the bud of grafting, thereby make the bud of grafting get into prevent inclined to one side piece 113, and then prevent that device case 101 from docking the bud and causing the extrusion, lead to the bud of grafting to be destroyed, and the practicality is improved.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the device case 101 is provided with a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly comprises two supporting plates 201 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front side of the device case 101, a fixing screw 202 is fixedly connected between the supporting plates 201, a movable adjusting cylinder 203 is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the fixing screw 202, a limiting plate 204 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable adjusting cylinder 203, the limiting assembly further comprises a limiting rod 205 fixedly connected to one side of the operating rod 102, the limiting plate 204 is in a ring shape, the movable adjusting cylinder 203 can be adjusted along the fixing screw 202 by rotating the limiting assembly, so as to drive the limiting plate 204 to move and adjust, before bark is cut, the limiting plate 204 can be adjusted according to the size of the required interface, and the linear distance between the limiting plate 204 and the limiting rod 205 is adjusted to match with the interface, and when cutting, need to make the gag lever post 205 remove to offset with limiting plate 204, one can guarantee stock perpendicular tangent line and branch perpendicular tangent line phase-match, thereby make stock bark and branch bark phase-match that is got rid of, and then need not to prune the branch bark, can the simplified operation and raise the efficiency, and can effectively avoid the branch bark to be less than the stock bark, and then avoid the bud grafting extravagant, two come, make spacing subassembly can carry out the regulation of adaptability according to the size of interface in the certain limit, thereby the practicality of skinning auxiliary device has been improved greatly.
The invention utilizes the grafting shearing to cut the stock and the scion, ensures the smooth and inosculated grafting surface, can improve the grafting efficiency, has longer grafting period, can be grafted in spring and autumn, and is provided with a special bark cutting auxiliary device which can assist workers in cutting two vertical stock tangents and two vertical branch tangents, and the distance between the two vertical cutting lines of the rootstock is equal to the distance between the two vertical cutting lines of the branch, a limiting component is also arranged to ensure that the vertical cutting lines of the rootstock are matched with the vertical cutting lines of the branch, so that the cut bark of the rootstock is matched with the bark of the branch, further, the branch bark does not need to be trimmed, the operation can be simplified, the efficiency can be improved, the branch bark can be effectively prevented from being smaller than the stock bark, further avoiding bud grafting waste, thereby overcoming the dependence of manual cutting on skilled operation technology, and having low technical requirement and simple operation, and being capable of being mastered quickly.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An improved mulberry bud grafting process based on a sheet bud grafting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a seedling or a rejected variety which grows vigorously and does not have diseases and insect pests as a stock;
s2, fixing the auxiliary bark cutting device on the rootstock selected in the S1, and cutting two parallel vertical rootstock tangents on the rootstock through the auxiliary bark cutting device;
s3, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical stock tangent line to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical stock tangent line respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse stock tangents, and taking down the bark of the cut stocks, thereby forming an interface on the stocks;
s4, selecting a branch with plump leaf buds from a strong, high-yield and disease and insect pest-free mulberry tree, wherein the thickness of the branch is approximately similar to that of a stock;
s5, selecting a leaf bud from the branch selected in S4 as an inoculation bud, and fixing a skin cutting auxiliary device to the outer side of the inoculation bud;
s6, cutting two parallel vertical branch cutting lines on the branches through a bark cutting auxiliary device;
s7, horizontally cutting the top end and the bottom end of one vertical tangent line of one branch to the top end and the bottom end of the other vertical tangent line of the other branch respectively by using a blade, cutting two parallel transverse tangents of the branches, and taking down the bark of the branch with the scion bud;
s8, moving the branch bark with the scion bud to an interface formed after the bark of the rootstock is taken out of S3, and binding the branch bark with the scion bud to the rootstock by using a plastic tape to complete bud grafting;
the skin cutting auxiliary device comprises a device box (101) and an operating rod (102), wherein a sliding rod groove (114) matched with the operating rod (102) is formed in the outer wall of one side of the front face of the device box (101), one end of the operating rod (102) penetrates through the sliding rod groove (114) in a sliding mode and extends into the device box (101), a linkage cross rod (103) is fixedly connected with the operating rod, two symmetrically-arranged sliding blocks (115) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device box (101), a guide sliding rail (116) is slidably connected to the outer wall of each sliding block (115), a supporting spring (104) is fixedly connected to one side of each guide sliding rail (116), two elastic lifting ropes (117) are fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage cross rod (103), two symmetrically-arranged skin cutting blades (105) are fixedly connected to one side of the linkage cross rod (103), and two sliding cutter grooves (106) respectively matched with the two skin cutting blades (105) are formed in the outer wall of the device box (101), cut skin blade (105) and slide and run through the outside that smooth sword groove (106) that correspond extend to device case (101), be provided with spacing subassembly on device case (101), spacing subassembly includes two fixed connection backup pad (201) on the positive one side outer wall of device case (101), fixedly connected with clamping screw (202) between backup pad (201), threaded connection has a movable regulation section of thick bamboo (203) on the outer wall of clamping screw (202), fixed cover is equipped with limiting plate (204) on the outer wall of a movable regulation section of thick bamboo (203), spacing subassembly still includes gag lever post (205) of fixed connection in action bars (102) one side, limiting plate (204) set up to ring shape.
2. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 1, wherein: in S8, when the binding is performed by using the plastic band, the binding should be performed from the upper end of the mouthpiece.
3. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 1, wherein: after the S8 bud grafting is completed, the stock needs to be cut 8-10cm above the bud grafting position.
4. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 1, wherein: one end, far away from the guide sliding rail (116), of the supporting spring (104) is fixedly connected with the linkage cross rod (103), one end, far away from the linkage cross rod (103), of the elastic lifting rope (117) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top of the device box (101), and the sliding rod groove (114) and the sliding knife groove (106) are all arranged to be long-strip-shaped.
5. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that a clamping pull rod (107) penetrates through the outer wall of two sides of the device box (101) in a sliding mode, one end of the clamping pull rod (107) is fixedly connected with a clamping plate (108), a sliding plate groove (109) matched with the clamping plate (108) is formed in the outer wall of the device box (101), a clamping spring (110) is sleeved on the outer wall of the clamping pull rod (107), the sliding plate groove (109) penetrates through the clamping plate (108) and extends to the outer portion of the device box (101), and one end of the clamping pull rod (107) far away from the clamping plate (108) is provided with a pull ring (111).
6. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that an anti-deviation block (113) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the back face of the device box (101), and a bud placing cylinder (112) is embedded and installed on the outer wall of one side of the back face of the device box (101).
7. The improved mulberry budding process based on the sheet budding method according to claim 6, wherein: one side of the deviation preventing block (113) far away from the device box (101) is arc-surface-shaped, the bud placing cylinder (112) is semicircular, and the bud placing cylinder (112) is located above the deviation preventing block (113).
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| CN115024108B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2023-07-21 | 嘉应学院 | Shaddock tree grafting auxiliary tool and using method thereof |
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