CN105418312A - Compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105418312A CN105418312A CN201510900513.2A CN201510900513A CN105418312A CN 105418312 A CN105418312 A CN 105418312A CN 201510900513 A CN201510900513 A CN 201510900513A CN 105418312 A CN105418312 A CN 105418312A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound microbial fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The compound microbial fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 1%-2.5% of bacillus megatherium, 2%-3.5% of salt decomposing bacteria, 0.5%-1% of bacillus subtilis, 0.5%-1% of bacillus licheniformis, 0.5%-1.5% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1%-3.5% of bacillus mucilaginosus, 6%-8% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1%-3% of medium trace elements, 10%-25% of amino acid powder, 30%-55% of humic acid and 8%-20% of moisture, wherein the proportion sum of all the components contained in the compound microbial fertilizer is 100%. According to the compound microbial fertilizer, saline-alkali lands can be neutralized, the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil and the soil structure can be improved, the permeability can be improved to accelerate salt leaching, the utilization ratio of the medium trace elements can be increased, and the desalting effect is good; meanwhile, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and multiple microorganisms are added, the soil fertility is improved, decomposition of matter difficult to decompose is accelerated, soil-borne diseases are inhibited, and successive cropping obstacles are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of microbe application and microorganism fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, it is improveing application in soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Salting of soil (soil salinization) refers to that salinity constantly builds up the nature geological process forming saline soil to upper soll layer.Saline soil is formed under the natural condition such as certain weather, landform, soil, hydrogeology.In addition, mankind's activity, historical flood, flood, drought evil, channel change, and Land_use change, agricultural, hydrotechnics measure etc., also can produce great effect to the generation of the soil salinization, development.The harm in saltings is very serious, due to the accumulation of salinity a large amount of in soil, cause the deterioration of a series of soil physical property: structure viscous, air permeability is poor, and unit weight is high, soil temperature rises slow, in soil, aerobic bacteria reactivity is poor, and nutrients release is slow, and permeability coefficient is low, wicking action is strong, and will cause the saliferous aggravation of topsoil further.
At present, the domestic modified utilization method for saltings and technology have following several: (1) is physically improved, level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time, raise landform, microcell is improved the soil; (2) water conservancy improvement, fills with deploying cover, storage fresh water on saline alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, underground salt discharge; (3) chemical modifying, gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium superphosphate, humic acid, peat, acid-sludge etc.; (4) biological modification, rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant Tian Qing etc., use microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc.Above-mentioned physically improved and water conservancy improved method needs manpower and materials and the resource of at substantial, and costly, also run off by useful medium trace element simultaneously thereupon, cure the symptoms, not the disease, if miscarriage, the soil improved still can salinization gradually.And chemical amendments resource consumption is large, and improved effect not easily expands.Only have by biological modification, not only got rid of salinity but also fertilizing soil, salinization just can effectively be contained, and can go down by sustainable improvement, and consumption of natural resource is little, and cost is low, is the focal point of current alkaline land improving.
In saltings, enrich biological organic fertilizer, rationally open up wasteland, can well soil be improved.But the effect of simple bio-fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer improvement soil is slow, and the time is long.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, it has effects such as reducing salinity, the molten phosphorus of potassium decomposing, promotion organic substance decomposing, also has anti-soil-borne disease, overcomes the effect of continuous cropping obstacle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: provide a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, described composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 1% ~ 2.5%, separate salt bacterium 2% ~ 3.5%, subtilis 0.5% ~ 1%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5% ~ 1%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.5% ~ 1.5%, colloid sample bacillus 1% ~ 3.5%, N P and K 6% ~ 8%, medium trace element 1% ~ 3%, amino acid powder 10% ~ 25%, humic acids 30% ~ 55%, moisture 8% ~ 20%; Wherein, the proportioning sum of above-mentioned each component is 100%.
Preferably, the effective total viable count >=0.2 hundred million/g of described composite microbiological fertilizer.
Preferably, the pH value of described composite microbiological fertilizer is 6.0 ~ 6.8.
Preferably, the nitrogenous fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, ammonium polyphosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia; And/or the phosphate fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, Ureaphil, potassium primary phosphate; And/or the potash fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in potassium fulvate, organic potassic fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate.
Preferably, described medium trace element is two or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, the rotten acid of zinc, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, zinc sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate, borax.
Preferably, described amino acid powder is the pulvis of waste water purification concentrate drying in Gourmet Powder Factory, soy sauce factory and/or canning factory.
Preferably, described composite microbiological fertilizer is pulvis or granule.
The present invention also provides a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer as described above in improvement saltings and the application of hardening in soil.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer, said method comprising the steps of: first, by bacillus megaterium described above, separate salt bacterium, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the rejuvenation of colloid sample bacillus, expand numerous after be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent; Then, N P and K described above, medium trace element, amino acid powder and humic acids are joined compositely in described microbiobacterial agent be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Implement a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: (1) is passed through the microorganism compound of multiple difference in functionality, under the condition provided there being nutrient, metabolism produces a large amount of organic acid Sum decomposition phosphorus, the prozyme of the elements such as potassium, a large amount of organic and soil ulmin can also be formed, after being applied to saltings, the amino acid of organic matter wherein and soil ulmin and fertilizer interpolation itself and humic acids can adsorb the ion in unbound state in fixing alkaline land soil, reduce soil solution concentration, in and alkaline land soil in alkali, alleviate or eliminate perniciousness harm, discharge potassium ion simultaneously, and add the content of organophosphorus and inorganic phosphorus, improve the validity of fertilizer, between several microorganism, there is synergy simultaneously, P and K decomposing of mutually promoting degraded organic matter and disease resistance, overcome the effect of continuous cropping obstacle, (2) fertilizer is in acid, uses to remain without salinity afterwards, can in and the alkali in saltings, reduce pH value further, acidic fertilizier can improve the validity of medium trace element simultaneously, and raising plant is to the utilization ratio of medium trace element, (3) medium trace element can with above-mentioned organic acid or amino-acid complex, become the complex state be not fixed, improve validity and utilization ratio, simultaneously the adding of calcium magnesium zine ion, Soil structure can be improved, improve adhesive and stress resistance of plant, and medium trace element can also improve or improve quality of agricultural product, (4) composite microbiological fertilizer comprehensive nutrition of the present invention, provides the various nutrition of plant-growth, the multiple effect of single-dose application, and save cost, alkaline land improving is effective.
Implement the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: it passes through bacillus megaterium, separate salt bacterium, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and colloid sample bacillus carry out rejuvenation, expand numerous after reasonably proportioning formed microbiobacterial agent, again with N P and K, medium trace element, amino acid powder and humic acids carry out reasonable preparation by a certain percentage and make composite microbiological fertilizer, this composite microbiological fertilizer has reduction salinity, the molten phosphorus of potassium decomposing, promote the effects such as organic substance decomposing, also there is anti-soil-borne disease, overcome the effect of continuous cropping obstacle.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, this composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 1% ~ 2.5%, separate salt bacterium 2% ~ 3.5%, subtilis 0.5% ~ 1%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5% ~ 1%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.5% ~ 1.5%, colloid sample bacillus 1% ~ 3.5%, N P and K 6% ~ 8%, medium trace element 1% ~ 3%, amino acid powder 10% ~ 25%, humic acids 30% ~ 55%, moisture 8% ~ 20%; Wherein, the proportioning sum of each component contained by above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer is 100%.
Above-mentioned six kinds of microorganisms that the embodiment of the present invention is selected, not only make this composite microbe fertilizer have and reduce the effects such as salinity, the molten phosphorus of potassium decomposing, promotion organic substance decomposing, also have anti-soil-borne disease, overcome the effect of continuous cropping obstacle.Phosphorus potassium content due to mineralising in saltings is higher and soil-borne disease incidence is relatively less, and therefore bacillus megaterium, colloid sample bacillus and the content of separating salt bacterium want high relative to subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens content.And microorganism also can the medium trace element solidified in soil as activation such as calcium, silicon, magnesium in the process of the molten phosphorus of potassium decomposing, increasing can by the medium trace element content of crop utilization, and therefore the addition 1% ~ 3% of medium trace element is more reasonable.
Preferably, the effective total viable count >=0.2 hundred million/g of this composite microbiological fertilizer.When total viable count effective in composite microbiological fertilizer be evenly distributed and reach be more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g time, the reduction salinity of composite microbiological fertilizer, the molten phosphorus of potassium decomposing, promote organic substance decomposing, anti-soil-borne disease, the effect overcoming continuous cropping obstacle etc. reaches best.
Preferably, the pH value of this composite microbiological fertilizer is 6.0 ~ 6.8.Wherein, acidic fertilizier is conducive to the validity improving medium trace element.
Preferably, the nitrogenous fertilizer of above-mentioned N P and K is one or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, ammonium polyphosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia; And/or the phosphate fertilizer of above-mentioned N P and K be one or more in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, Ureaphil, potassium primary phosphate; And/or the potash fertilizer of above-mentioned N P and K is one or more in potassium fulvate, organic potassic fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate.The various raw materials of above-mentioned N P and K can not only reduce the alkalescence in saltings due to physiological acidity, also because water-soluble very good, can not remain any impurity after using in soil, and the salinity that can not increase in soil and alkalescence, be suitable for using on saltings.The interpolation of calcium phosphorus potassium simultaneously can provide quick-acting nutritious for plant growth, reduces the amount of application of pure fertilizer to a certain extent.
Preferably, above-mentioned medium trace element is two or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, the rotten acid of zinc, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, zinc sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate, borax.Wherein, calcium is conducive to the improvement of Soil structure; Zinc can alleviate the drought stress of crop, and the growth of Promoting plant growth point, improve output; Magnesium can strengthen Genes For Plant Tolerance high temperature stress etc.The rotten acid of zinc, magnesium citrate and easily can be reduced in soil by the calcium etc. of complexing humic acid fixing, improve validity and the utilization ratio of medium trace element.
Preferably, above-mentioned amino acid powder is the pulvis of waste water purification concentrate drying in Gourmet Powder Factory, soy sauce factory and/or canning factory.This amino acid powder also has a large amount of small molecular organic acids, and energy complexing medium trace element, can provide nutrient for the Reproduction of microorganism simultaneously, and take full advantage of waste liquid resource, decrease environmental pollution.
Preferably, above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer can be pulvis, also can be granule.Pulvis is conducive to the contact area and the active area that improve fertilizer and soil, and granule is easy to use.
Present invention also offers a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer as described above in improvement saltings and the application of hardening in soil.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer, comprise the following steps: first, by bacillus megaterium described above, separate salt bacterium, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the rejuvenation of colloid sample bacillus, expand numerous after be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent; Then, N P and K described above, medium trace element, amino acid powder and humic acids are joined compositely in described microbiobacterial agent be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 1%, separates salt bacterium 2.0%, subtilis 0.5%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.5%, colloid sample bacillus 1%, N P and K 6%, medium trace element 1%, amino acid powder 15%, humic acids 52.5%, moisture 20%.
Effective total viable count >=0.5 hundred million of this composite microbiological fertilizer/g, pH value is 6.0.
The nitrogenous fertilizer of described N P and K is calcium ammonium nitrate and bicarbonate of ammonia; Described phosphate fertilizer is ammonium polyphosphate; Described potassium is potassium fulvate and potassium sulfate.Described medium trace element is calcium ammonium nitrate, the rotten acid of zinc, magnesium citrate and borax.Described composite microbe fertilizer is pulvis, and for the improvement in saltings.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer is by microorganism rejuvenation, expands numerous then several microorganism and be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent, then inorganic nutrients and organic nutrient is joined compositely in composite fungus agent to be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
In the present embodiment, composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 0.5%, separates salt bacterium 0.5%, subtilis 0.5%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.2%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.2%, colloid sample bacillus 0.5%, N P and K 6.0%, medium trace element 1.0%, amino acid powder 15%, humic acids 55.6%, moisture 20%.
Effective total viable count >=0.5 hundred million of this composite microbiological fertilizer/g, pH value is 5.8.
Described N P and K is calcium ammonium nitrate, Ureaphil, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium fulvate and potassium sulfate.Described medium trace element is calcium ammonium nitrate, zinc sulfate, magnesium oxide and borax.Described composite microbe fertilizer is granule, for the improvement in saltings.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer is by microorganism rejuvenation, expands numerous then several microorganism and be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent, then inorganic nutrients and organic nutrient is joined compositely in composite fungus agent to be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Improve for the wheatland of northern salinization compared with composite microbiological fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1 and comparative example 1.Research finds, use the composite microbe fertilizer of embodiment 1, wheat grows fine, water retention and ventilation property strengthen, and soil alkaline degree reduces about 15%, and organic content improves, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer reduces about 10%, wheat diseases incidence reduces about 25%, and wheat is full and even, average 120 grams/kilogram of protein content.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 2.0%, separates salt bacterium 3.0%, subtilis 1.0%, Bacillus licheniformis 1.0%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 1.0%, colloid sample bacillus 2.0%, N P and K 6.0%, medium trace element 2.0%, amino acid powder 20%, humic acids 42%, moisture 20%.
Effective total viable count >=1.0 hundred million of this composite microbiological fertilizer/g, pH value is 6.5.
Described N P and K is bicarbonate of ammonia, Ureaphil, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium fulvate and potassium sulfate.Described medium trace element is the rotten acid of zinc, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, borax.Described composite microbe fertilizer is granule, for the improvement in saltings.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer is by microorganism rejuvenation, expands numerous then several microorganism and be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent, then inorganic nutrients and organic nutrient is joined compositely in composite fungus agent to be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Composite microbiological fertilizer prepared by embodiment 2 is used for the wheatland improvement of the slight salinization in the north, as the base fertilizer of wheat.Research finds, use composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention, wheat grows fine, water retention and ventilation property strengthen, and soil alkaline degree reduces about 20%, and organic content improves, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer reduces about 15%, wheat diseases incidence reduces about 45%, and wheat is full and even, average 125 grams/kilogram of protein content.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 2.5%, separates salt bacterium 3.5%, subtilis 1.0%, Bacillus licheniformis 1.0%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 1.5%, colloid sample bacillus 3.5%, N P and K 8.0%, medium trace element 3.0%, amino acid powder 25%, humic acids 41%, moisture 10%.
Effective total viable count >=5.0 hundred million of this composite microbiological fertilizer/g, pH value is 6.8.
Described N P and K is calcium ammonium nitrate, Ureaphil, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium fulvate and potassium sulfate.Described medium trace element is calcium ammonium nitrate, zinc sulfate, magnesium oxide and borax.Described composite microbe fertilizer is granule, for the improvement in saltings.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite microbiological fertilizer is by microorganism rejuvenation, expands numerous then several microorganism and be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent, then inorganic nutrients and organic nutrient is joined compositely in composite fungus agent to be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
Composite microbiological fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3 is used for the wheatland improvement of the slight salinization in the north, as the base fertilizer of wheat.Research finds, use composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention, wheat grows fine, and water retention and ventilation property strengthen, and Soil structure improves, soil alkaline degree reduces about 30%, organic content improves, and applying quantity of chemical fertilizer reduces about 20%, and wheat diseases incidence reduces about 68%, wheat is full and even, average 125 grams/kilogram of protein content.
In addition, composite microbe fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3 and comparative example 1 is all for the plantation of sweet corn, result shows: the weight of embodiment 3 kinds of corns of planting corn ear average than comparative example a kind of corn of planting increases about 15%, corn sugar content increases about 20%, lipid content increases about 13%, joint fertile 15% ~ 20%, the disease rate simultaneously in corn growth process reduces about 55%, and Soil structure improves.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a composite microbiological fertilizer, is characterized in that, described composite microbiological fertilizer comprises the raw material of following weight proportion: bacillus megaterium 1% ~ 2.5%, separate salt bacterium 2% ~ 3.5%, subtilis 0.5% ~ 1%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5% ~ 1%, bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.5% ~ 1.5%, colloid sample bacillus 1% ~ 3.5%, N P and K 6% ~ 8%, medium trace element 1% ~ 3%, amino acid powder 10% ~ 25%, humic acids 30% ~ 55%, moisture 8% ~ 20%; Wherein, the proportioning sum of each component contained by described composite microbiological fertilizer is 100%.
2. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, effective total viable count >=0.2 hundred million of described composite microbiological fertilizer/g.
3. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pH value of described composite microbiological fertilizer is 6.0 ~ 6.8.
4. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the nitrogenous fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, ammonium polyphosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia; And/or
The phosphate fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, Ureaphil, potassium primary phosphate; And/or
The potash fertilizer of described N P and K is one or more in potassium fulvate, organic potassic fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, potassium sulfate.
5. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described medium trace element is two or more in calcium ammonium nitrate, the rotten acid of zinc, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, zinc sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate, borax.
6. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described amino acid powder is the pulvis of waste water purification concentrate drying in Gourmet Powder Factory, soy sauce factory and/or canning factory.
7. composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described composite microbiological fertilizer is pulvis or granule.
8. the composite microbiological fertilizer as described in any one of claim 1-7 is in improvement saltings and the application of hardening in soil.
9. the preparation method of a composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of: first, by the bacillus megaterium described in any one of claim 1-7, separate salt bacterium, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the rejuvenation of colloid sample bacillus, expand numerous after be compounded to form microbiobacterial agent; Then, N P and K, medium trace element, amino acid powder and the humic acids described in any one of claim 1-7 is joined compositely in described microbiobacterial agent be prepared into composite microbiological fertilizer.
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