CN105400214B - 一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法 - Google Patents

一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法 Download PDF

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CN105400214B
CN105400214B CN201510862708.2A CN201510862708A CN105400214B CN 105400214 B CN105400214 B CN 105400214B CN 201510862708 A CN201510862708 A CN 201510862708A CN 105400214 B CN105400214 B CN 105400214B
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徐福建
胡浩
罗旭
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，属于生物医用材料领域。本发明首先制备新型的醛化透明质酸交联剂，然后将醛化透明质酸交联剂与明胶混合发泡，冷冻干燥，消毒后即可得到明胶止血棉。本发明中使用强氧化剂高碘酸钠氧化透明质酸中的顺式二醇的碳碳键，使其变为可以与氨基反应醛基。将醛基化的透明质酸作为大分子交联剂，与带有氨基官能团的明胶反应，使明胶形成交联网状结构，从而增强机械性能，并赋予明胶海绵功能性。明胶生物相容性好，本身具有止血抗菌功能，将其作为海绵基材，以醛化透明质酸为交联剂，制备得到的止血棉机械性能好，安全无毒，止血性能明显提高，并具有良好的止痛作用以及促进受伤组织愈合的效果。

Description

一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，属于生物医用材料领域。
背景技术
目前常用的明胶海绵功能单一，止血效率低。为了进一步提高明胶止血棉的强度，以及止血性能。本发明中使用醛化的透明质酸为交联剂对明胶止血棉进行了改进。现在常用的传统交联剂有戊二醛、甲醛等。在中国发明专利CN 103877606A中，以小分子京尼平和戊二醛为交联剂制备了复合海绵；在中国发明专利CN103480033A中，以小分子二乙烯基砜、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚等小分子为交联剂制备了复合止血棉。这些小分子交联剂容易引起中毒或不良反应。
本发明中选用醛化的透明质酸为交联剂。透明质酸具有高度的粘弹性和润滑、保湿等优良的理化性质。透明质酸作为聚合阴离子电解质，分子上所带的大量负电荷可调节周围正负离子浓度，抑制酶的活性。透明质酸还能促进表皮细胞的增殖和分化、清除氧自由基，可预防和修复皮肤损伤。
发明内容
为弥补现有技术的不足，本发明制备了一种醛化透明质酸交联剂，这种醛化透明质酸交联剂安全无毒，交联效率高，且本身具备促进伤口愈合的功效，在制备止血棉的过程中使用醛化透明质酸交联剂会赋予止血棉相应的功能。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：首先制备新型的醛化透明质酸交联剂，然后将醛化透明质酸交联剂与明胶混合发泡，冷冻干燥，消毒后即可得到使用醛化透明质酸交联的明胶止血棉。
本发明所述的使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其操作步骤如下：
1)配制浓度为5-50g/L的透明质酸溶液，然后加入浓度为40-100g/L的高碘酸钠溶液，透明质酸溶液与高碘酸钠溶液体积比为2:1，反应2-12h后透析，最后冷冻干燥得醛化透明质酸交联剂；
2)在37℃-60℃下，配制质量浓度为1-5％的明胶溶液，加入甘油和浓度为10-100g/L的醛化透明质酸交联剂溶液；将发泡剂溶解到pH值为8-10的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，发泡剂浓度为5-30g/L，并加入上述明胶溶液中，搅拌发泡30-90min；
3)将步骤2)得到的发泡液倒入模具中，冷冻6-24h，随后冷冻干燥，辐照灭菌，得到止血棉。
所述的透明质酸分子量为10万-200万。
所述的发泡剂为泊洛沙姆188或泊洛沙姆407。
所述的明胶与醛化透明质酸交联剂的质量比为(10-30)：1。
所述的明胶与甘油的质量比为0.5-2。
所述的明胶与发泡剂的质量比为(1-5)：1。
本发明中使用强氧化剂高碘酸钠氧化透明质酸中的顺式二醇的碳碳键，使其变为可以与氨基反应醛基。使用这种醛基化的透明质酸可以作为大分子交联剂，与带有氨基官能团的明胶反应，使明胶形成交联网状结构，从而增强机械性能，并赋予明胶海绵功能性。明胶生物相容性好，本身具有止血抗菌功能，将其作为海绵基材，以醛化透明质酸为交联剂，制备得到的止血棉机械性能好，安全无毒，止血性能明显提高，并具有良好的止痛作用以及促进受伤组织愈合的效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例来进一步说明本发明，但并不局限于以下的实施例。在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，但凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，这些等价形式的改动、修改等均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1：
1)将5g透明质酸(分子量为150万)溶于100mL去离子水中，将1g高碘酸钠溶解到50mL去离子水中；将高碘酸钠溶液缓慢滴加到透明质酸溶液中，反应10h；反应结束后用截留分子量为3500的透析袋透析24h；最后冷冻干燥得醛化透明质酸交联剂；
2)称取3g明胶溶解到50mL水中，在50℃搅拌溶解；随后加入3g甘油；称取0.2g醛化透明质酸交联剂溶解到5mL去离子水中；称取1g泊洛沙姆407溶解到25mL pH值为8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，搅拌直到完全溶解；将醛化透明质酸交联剂溶液加入到明胶溶液中，搅拌均匀；将泊洛沙姆407溶液加入到上述溶液中，在40℃继续搅拌30min；
3)把步骤2)得到的发泡液倒入模具中，并迅速转移到-30℃冰箱中，冷冻24h；把得到的样品从模具中取出，并冷冻干燥，得到醛化透明质酸交联的明胶海绵。对所得海绵进行装袋。装袋后对明胶海绵钴60辐照灭菌。
小鼠股动脉止血实验：
选取25只4-6周健康小鼠，雌雄各半，随机分为5组，每组5只小鼠，分组依次是空白对照组、加压纱布包扎组、实施例1醛化透明质酸交联的明胶止血海绵组。将小鼠麻醉后固定于手术台上，去毛后露出一侧股动脉，横向切开一半，令其自由喷血8s，然后根据分组进行相应处理，记录止血时间、失血量和90分钟死亡率。
表1 小鼠股动脉止血实验结果

Claims (5)

1.一种使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其特征在于，其操作步骤如下：
1)配制浓度为5-50g/L的透明质酸溶液，然后加入浓度为40-100g/L的高碘酸钠溶液，透明质酸溶液与高碘酸钠溶液体积比为2:1，反应2-12h后透析，最后冷冻干燥得醛化透明质酸交联剂；
2)在37℃-60℃下，配制质量浓度为1-5％的明胶溶液，加入甘油和浓度为10-100g/L的醛化透明质酸交联剂溶液；将发泡剂溶解到pH值为8-10的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，发泡剂浓度为5-30g/L，并加入上述明胶溶液中，搅拌发泡30-90min；
3)将步骤2)得到的发泡液倒入模具中，冷冻6-24h，随后冷冻干燥，辐照灭菌，得到止血棉；
所述的明胶与醛化透明质酸交联剂的质量比为(10-30)：1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其特征在于，所述的透明质酸分子量为10万-200万。
3.根据权利要求1所述的使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其特征在于，所述的发泡剂为泊洛沙姆188或泊洛沙姆407。
4.根据权利要求1所述的使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其特征在于，所述的明胶与甘油的质量比为0.5-2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的使用透明质酸交联明胶制备止血棉的方法，其特征在于，所述的明胶与发泡剂的质量比为(1-5)：1。
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