CN105288694A - Method for treating frontier port entry ship domestic waste - Google Patents
Method for treating frontier port entry ship domestic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN105288694A CN105288694A CN201510759928.2A CN201510759928A CN105288694A CN 105288694 A CN105288694 A CN 105288694A CN 201510759928 A CN201510759928 A CN 201510759928A CN 105288694 A CN105288694 A CN 105288694A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating frontier port entry ship domestic waste. The method comprises the steps that pathogenic microorganisms, animal and plant diseases and insect pests and alien plant seeds in the frontier port entry ship domestic waste are killed through a fermentation method; specifically, a fermentation pond is built; the entry ship domestic waste is obtained and mechanically smashed and is poured into the fermentation pond; water is added into the fermentation pond, and even stirring is carried out; a cover of the fermentation pond is obtained and made to cover a fermentation pond opening. The various pathogenic microorganisms, animal and plant diseases and insect pests and alien plant seeds in the frontier port entry ship domestic waste can be killed at the same time, the national inspection and quarantine requirements are sufficiently met, no chemical preparation with toxicity is used, pollution produced to the environment in the treatment process is reduced, meanwhile, the fermentation pond is low in building cost, produced fermentation residues can be recycled, and the method is economical and environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refuse processing method, be specifically related to a kind of method processing frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's Foreign Trade, immigration International Voyage Ship increases in numbers swiftly, and only Zhejiang Province just has the International Voyage Ship immigration more than 10,000 for 1 year.International Voyage Ship in the process of moving, normal needs supplement of animal or plant nature food, handling goods in countries in the world and interzone and disassemble packaging material, harmful organism overseas is very easily carried with in the domestic refuse that ship is raw, such as multiple pathogens, animals and plants disease and pest and adventitious plant seed etc., therefore also exist harmful organism and import the domestic risk of China into vessel Waste discharge.
For the domestic refuse of immigration, according to the regulation of China's " Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the People's Republic " and detailed rules for the implementation thereof and " People's Republic of China's animal and plant quarantine law " and detailed rules for the implementation thereof, effectively must process.At present at home, process for immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is generally confined to the sterilization for pathogenic microorganism and Medical Vectors in frontier health and quarantine work category, biological proofing, or be confined to the quarantine suffocating treatment of the animals and plants disease and pest of border animal and plant quarantine programme area, these processing method costs are high, dangerous large, intractability is large, the chemicals used in processing procedure can cause severe contamination to environment, such as, fumigant methyl bromide for Pesticidal and sterilizing can damage atmospheric ozone layer, harm ecological environment.
The fumigation medicament compatibility that Chinese patent literature CN101496516A discloses a kind of Carbon bisulfide fumigating insecticide and has a pesticide-germicide plant nematocide function becomes built agent.But Carbon bisulfide very easily fires, and to human body, there is toxic action.Therefore, prepare and use this kind of insecticide to have higher danger.Chinese patent literature CN101743996A discloses a kind of sulfuryl fluoride fumigating synergistic agent for disinsection, sterilization and plant nematode killing, use this kind of built agent parasite killing kind extensive, but its to worm's ovum to kill effect more weak, and vikane can become a kind of potent greenhouse gases after being dispersed into air, damages ecological environment.
In sum, how to provide a kind of efficient, environmental protection, the scheme of safety processes immigration boats and ships domestic refuse becomes a technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method processing frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, to kill the pathogenic microorganism be present in garbage, animals and plants disease and pest and adventitious plant seed, the method can reduce the discharge of harmful substance in processing procedure, improve the safety of process operation, and save processing cost.
The invention provides a kind of method processing frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, comprise the following steps:
(1) fermentation vat is built;
(2) get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, pour fermentation vat into, to 3/4ths of fermentation vat volume;
(3) add water in fermentation vat, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
(4) get fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth place, under sealing condition, carrying out fermentation process.
Further, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is after the mechanical activation comminution in described step (2), and grain diameter is not more than 10mm.
Described sweat temperature remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C.
Described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid, described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, described thermometer and described agitator are all fixed on fermentation vat and cover, and the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is all stretched in described sweathouse, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse.
The cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and cell body is formed by concrete construction; Described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. can kill multiple pathogenic microorganisms simultaneously, plant pest and adventitious plant seed, this pathogenic microorganism includes but not limited to Salmonella, vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, and this animals and plants disease and pest includes but not limited to sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis, saw-toothed grain beetle, nematicide and worm's ovum thereof.Simple to operation, mild condition, fully can meet the inspection and quarantine requirement to the process of immigration boats and ships domestic refuse.
2. when building fermentation vat, the capacity of fermentation vat and place can adjust according to practical situation, treatment in accordance with local conditions, can range of application wider, and fermentation vat construction cost is low, can continue after building up to reuse, make by the process of this method process immigration boats and ships domestic refuse feasible more economically.
3. avoid use to have toxicity or irritating agrochemical chemicals, the pollution of processing procedure to environment is little, and processing safety is higher.
4. the multiple pathogenic microorganisms in immigration boats and ships domestic refuse can killed, while plant pest and adventitious plant seed, garbage is converted into the material that can again utilize, namely the fermentation residue produced after process can carry out regeneration as the fertilizer of crops, and ferment the methane a kind of utilizable clean energy resource especially produced simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Following detailed description of the invention can further illustrate the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any form.
Embodiment 1
Use the inventive method, killing effect experiment is carried out to plant pest.Realize mainly through following steps:
1. build fermentation vat;
2. get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, pour fermentation vat into, to 3/4ths of fermentation vat volume;
3. add water in fermentation vat, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
4. get fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth place, under sealing condition, carrying out fermentation process.
Further, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is after the mechanical activation comminution in described step 2, and grain diameter is not more than 10mm; Described sweat temperature remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C; Described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid, described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, described thermometer and described agitator are all fixed on fermentation vat and cover, and the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is all stretched in described sweathouse, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse; The cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and cell body is formed by concrete construction; Described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Because the number of variations after the original number of the plant pest in immigration boats and ships domestic refuse and process is difficult to statistics, therefore get three kinds of common stored grain insects of some, namely the adult of sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis and saw-toothed grain beetle and ovum, test.
Often kind of insect is divided into 2 groups, often forms worm 20,20, ovum, be total to obtain 6 groups.Get each one group of often kind of insect, use calico Bao Yan, after adding weight, put into fermentation vat process 10 days, every other day calico is stirred once.Separately get often kind of insect each one group as a control group, by the adult pest of matched group and ovum by group calico Bao Yan, be placed in room dryer, keep relative humidity 60% ~ 90%.Repetition will be tested above twice.
After 10 days, by the experimental group of the process of pond by fermentation and takes out without the matched group of fermentation vat process, getting whole adult pest dissecting Microscopic observation, judging the death condition of adult pest; Meanwhile, the worm's ovum in two groups is put into together the calorstat being set as 25 DEG C, place 20 days, observe its hatching situation.
After statistics, obtain experimental group and matched group insect and worm's ovum experience table, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 experimental group and matched group insect and worm's ovum experience table
Can find out, the adult of sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis and saw-toothed grain beetle and larva can all kill by fermentation vat process in 10 days.
Embodiment 2
Use the inventive method, killing effect experiment is carried out to nematicide.Realize mainly through following steps:
1. build fermentation vat;
2. get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, pour fermentation vat into, to 3/4ths of fermentation vat volume;
3. add water in fermentation vat, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
4. get fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth place, under sealing condition, carrying out fermentation process.
Further, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is after the mechanical activation comminution in described step 2, and grain diameter is not more than 10mm; Described sweat temperature remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C; Described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid, described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, described thermometer and described agitator are all fixed on fermentation vat and cover, and the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is all stretched in described sweathouse, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse; The cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and cell body is formed by concrete construction; Described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Add up because the nematode population in immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is more difficult, therefore get the Pollen pini thunbergii wooden unit having infected Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and test.
Get the Pollen pini thunbergii wooden unit having infected Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and be divided into 3 groups, often organize 30 pieces, get two groups of Pollen pini thunbergii wooden units as experimental group, in immersion fermentation vat, process, every other day once stir, process after 15 days, wherein will take out by one group of Pollen pini thunbergii wooden unit, and carry out nematicide separation, microscopy, observe nematicide survival condition.Remain one group of Pollen pini thunbergii wooden unit and continue to be positioned over process in fermentation vat, until after reaching 30 days total processing time, take out, carry out nematicide separation, microscopy, observe nematicide survival condition.By the 3rd group of Pollen pini thunbergii wooden unit as a control group, place it in plastic bag, keep relative humidity about 90%, place after 30 days, carry out nematicide separation, microscopy, observe nematicide survival condition.Nemic death rate does not obtain with the quantity of worm wooden unit alive and the ratio of wooden unit sum by calculating.Repetition will be tested above twice.
After statistics, obtain experimental group and matched group nemic death rate statistical table, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 experimental group and matched group nemic death rate statistical table
| Process 15 days wooden unit proportions (%) not with worm alive | 97.8 |
| Process 30 days wooden unit proportions (%) not with worm alive | 100 |
| The wooden unit proportion (%) of matched group not with worm alive | 2.2 |
Through contrasting can find out with matched group, fermentation vat has remarkable killing action for nematicide.Through fermentation vat process in 15 days, the killing rate of nematicide reached 97.8%, and through fermentation vat process in 30 days, the killing rate of nematicide reached 100%.
Embodiment 3
Use the inventive method, killing effect experiment is carried out to plant seed.Realize mainly through following steps:
1. build fermentation vat;
2. get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, pour fermentation vat into, to 3/4ths of fermentation vat volume;
3. add water in fermentation vat, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
4. get fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth place.
Further, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is after the mechanical activation comminution in described step 2, and grain diameter is not more than 10mm; Described sweat temperature remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C; Described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid, described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is stretched in described sweathouse, and be fixed on fermentation vat and cover, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse; The cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and cell body is formed by concrete construction; Described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Because the original number of plant seed in immigration boats and ships domestic refuse and the seed death condition after processing are difficult to statistics, therefore quantitative frequently seen plants seed is got, namely Herba Xanthii, the four seasons Herba Coriandri, long Pu, Radix Dauci Sativae, long melon, Chinese cabbage, root-mustard, Bulbus Allii and Broad Bean Seeds, test.
Get each 40 of the seed of often kind of vegetable, be equally divided into two groups.Get the seed of every kind of plant each one group as experimental group, use calico Bao Yan respectively, after adding weight, put into fermentation vat process 30 days, every other day calico is stirred once.Meanwhile, get remain every kind of plant seed as a control group, by the plant seed of matched group by group calico Bao Yan, be put in indoor.Repetition will be tested above twice.
Plant seed after process is taken out, is placed in husky basin and plants, observe its germination, not germinate for death, calculate its mortality rate; Plant by the plant seed of same method to matched group, calculate its mortality rate.
After statistics, obtain experimental group and control group plants seed mortality statistical table, as shown in table 3.
Table 3 experimental group and control group plants seed mortality statistical table
| Experimental group mortality rate (%) | Matched group mortality rate (%) |
| Herba Xanthii | 100 | 61.7 |
| The four seasons Herba Coriandri | 100 | 23.3 |
| Long Pu | 100 | 43.4 |
| Radix Dauci Sativae | 100 | 11.7 |
| Long melon | 100 | 55.0 |
| Chinese cabbage | 100 | 46.7 |
| Root-mustard | 100 | 15.0 |
| Bulbus Allii | 100 | 0.0 |
| Semen Viciae fabae | 100 | 1.7 |
As can be seen from above statistical data, through 30 days fermentation process, the equal dead of all plant seeds.Can find out that fermentation vat can plant seed effectively in deactivation domestic refuse.
Embodiment 4
Use the inventive method, killing effect experiment is carried out to multiple pathogens.Realize mainly through following steps:
1. build the fermentation tank 4 that volume is 20L;
2. get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, make described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse grain diameter be not more than 10mm, pour ground product into fermentation tank, respectively to 3/4ths, i.e. 15L of each fermenter volume;
3. add water in fermentation tank, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
4. get fermentation cover and be covered in fermentation tank mouth place.
Further, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse is after the mechanical activation comminution in described step 2, and grain diameter is not more than 10mm; Described sweat temperature remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C; Described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid, described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is stretched in described sweathouse, and be fixed on fermentation vat and cover, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse; The cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and cell body is formed by concrete construction; Described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
In fermentation tank, inoculate common causative, i.e. vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, often section at regular intervals, observe bacterium colony concentration, to determine the killing effect of fermentation process to pathogen.
It is No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 by 4 fermentation tank number consecutivelies.Vibrio parahaemolytious is inoculated in No. 1 fermentation tank, staphylococcus aureus is inoculated in No. 2 fermentation tanks, escherichia coli are inoculated in No. 3 fermentation tanks, the mixture of more than inoculation three kinds of pathogen in No. 4 fermentation tanks, makes initial bacterium colony concentration in No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 fermentation tanks be 1.0E+04CFU/ml.Meanwhile, get and pulverize afterwards and the domestic refuse stirred, be divided into four parts, every part of volume is 15L, under being placed on natural environment, also inoculate the mixture of vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and three kinds of pathogen wherein respectively, make each bacterium colony initial concentration be 1.0E+04CFU/ml.
Respectively through 1h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h, 144h, each fermentation tank and control sample are sampled after inoculation, and carry out VITEK qualification inspection, obtain bacterium colony concentration relation over time.In three fermentation tanks of independent inoculating strain, in bacterium colony concentration and corresponding matched group, bacterium colony concentration is as shown in table 4, mixes three kinds of strain sample process effects as shown in table 5.
Table 4 single strain sample process effect
Table 5 mixes three kinds of strain sample process effects
As can be seen from table 4 and table 5, no matter when being when independent inoculation or in bacterial strain combined inoculation, through 144 hours, in matched group in its natural state, pathogen concentration does not have obvious increase and decrease, and in fermentation tank, through 144 hours fermentation process, all three kinds of pathogen concentration all reach the degree not detecting (<10).Visible fermentation tank has good killing action for the multiple pathogens in domestic refuse.
Claims (6)
1. one kind processes the method for frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, it is characterized in that, use fermentation mode to kill the pathogenic microorganism, animals and plants disease and pest and the adventitious plant seed that are present in frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) fermentation vat is built;
(2) get described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, carry out mechanical activation comminution, pour fermentation vat into, pouring volume is 3/4ths of fermentation vat volume;
(3) add water in fermentation vat, stir, by the described domestic refuse mix homogeneously after pulverizing in pond;
(4) get fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth place, under sealing condition, carrying out fermentation process.
2. the method for process frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2) after mechanical activation comminution, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse grain diameter is not more than 10mm.
3. the method for process frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the temperature that step (4) carries out described fermentation process remains on 20 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C.
4. the method for process frontier port immigration boats and ships domestic refuse according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described fermentation vat is made up of charging aperture, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, agitator, airway, discharge room, heat-insulation layer and fermentation vat lid;
Described charging aperture is connected with one end of described feed pipe, the other end of described feed pipe is connected with described sweathouse side wall upper part, described thermometer and described agitator are all fixed on fermentation vat and cover, and the working end of described thermometer and described agitator is stretched in described sweathouse, described working end height adjustable; Described airway runs through described fermentation vat lid and arranges; Described discharge room is connected with described sweathouse sidewall by pipeline; Described heat-insulation layer is wrapped in the outside of described sweathouse.
5. the method for process frontier port according to claim 1 and 2 immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, is characterized in that, the cell body of described fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylindrical, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and described cell body is formed by concrete construction.
6. the method for process frontier port according to claim 1 and 2 immigration boats and ships domestic refuse, is characterized in that, described immigration boats and ships domestic refuse comprises grain, fruit, vegetable, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102836863A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-26 | 北京世纪国瑞环境工程技术有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for kitchen waste, town excrement and municipal sludge |
| CN104402541A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 新密市环新生活垃圾处理有限公司 | Process for rapidly activating household garbage to produce organic fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102836863A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-26 | 北京世纪国瑞环境工程技术有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for kitchen waste, town excrement and municipal sludge |
| CN104402541A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 新密市环新生活垃圾处理有限公司 | Process for rapidly activating household garbage to produce organic fertilizer |
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