CN105288694B - A kind of method for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse - Google Patents
A kind of method for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN105288694B CN105288694B CN201510759928.2A CN201510759928A CN105288694B CN 105288694 B CN105288694 B CN 105288694B CN 201510759928 A CN201510759928 A CN 201510759928A CN 105288694 B CN105288694 B CN 105288694B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse.The method is killed using fermentation method to being present in pathogenic microorganism, animals and plants pest and disease damage and adventitious plant seed in frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse, specifically includes following steps：Build fermentation vat；The immigration ship domestic refuse is taken, mechanical crushing is carried out to it, pours into fermentation vat；Add water into fermentation vat, stir evenly；Take fermentation vat lid and be covered in fermentation vat mouth.The present invention can kill the multiple pathogenic microorganisms in immigration ship domestic refuse at the same time, animals and plants pest and disease damage and adventitious plant seed, fully meet national inspection and quarantine requirement, and pollution of the processing procedure to environment can be reduced to avoid using having virose chemicals；Fermentation vat construction cost is low at the same time, and the fermentation residue of generation can carry out regeneration, economic and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refuse processing method, and in particular to one kind processing frontier port immigration ship domestic waste
The method of thing.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's Foreign Trade, immigration International Voyage Ship quantity quickly increases, only 1 year, Zhejiang Province
Just have more than 10,000 International Voyage Ship immigrations.International Voyage Ship in the process of moving, is often needed in countries in the world and area
Between supplement of animal or plant nature food, handling goods and disassemble packaging material, easily carried overseas in the domestic refuse produced with ship
Harmful organism, such as multiple pathogens, animals and plants pest and disease damage and adventitious plant seed etc., therefore there is harmful organism with ship
Oceangoing ship waste discharge and the domestic risk in incoming China.
For the domestic refuse of immigration, it is necessary to according to China《Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the People's Republic》And in fact
Apply detailed rules and regulations and《People's Republic of China's animal and plant quarantine law》And its regulation of detailed rules for the implementation, effectively handled.Exist at present
The country, for immigration ship domestic refuse processing be typically limited in frontier health and quarantine work category be directed to cause of disease it is micro-
Disinfection, the desinsection processing of biology and Medical Vectors, or it is confined to the animals and plants disease of border animal and plant quarantine programme area
The quarantine suffocating treatment of insect pest, these processing methods are of high cost, and dangerous big, intractability is big, the change used in processing procedure
Length of schooling agent can cause environment seriously to pollute, for example, the fumigant methyl bromide for Pesticidal and sterilizing can cause atmospheric ozone layer
Destroy, endanger ecological environment.
Chinese patent literature CN101496516A discloses a kind of carbon disulfide fumigating insecticide and is killed with pesticide-germicide
The fumigation medicament compatibility of Plant nematode function is into built agent.But carbon disulfide easily fires, and there is toxic action to human body.Cause
This, prepares and has higher danger using this kind of insecticide.Chinese patent literature CN101743996A discloses a kind of sulphur
Acyl fluorides fumigant insect killing sterilization and plant nematode killing built agent, it is extensive using this kind of built agent desinsection species, but its killing to worm's ovum
Effect is weaker, and vikane be dispersed into air after can become a kind of potent greenhouse gases, ecological environment is damaged.
In conclusion how to provide a kind of scheme efficiently, environmentally friendly, safe becomes to handle immigration ship domestic refuse
One technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of side for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse
Method, to kill the pathogenic microorganism, animals and plants pest and disease damage and the adventitious plant seed that are present in discarded object, this method can subtract
The discharge of harmful substance, improves the security of processing operation in few processing procedure, and saves processing cost.
The present invention provides a kind of method for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse, comprises the following steps：
(1) fermentation vat is built；
(2) the immigration ship domestic refuse is taken, mechanical crushing is carried out, fermentation vat is poured into, to the four of fermentation vat volume
/ tri-；
(3) water is added into fermentation vat, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；
(4) take fermentation vat lid and be covered at fermentation vat mouth, fermentation process is carried out under sealing condition.
Further, the immigration ship domestic refuse is after the mechanical crushing in the step (2), grain diameter
No more than 10mm.
The fermentation process temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C.
The fermentation vat by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and
Fermentation vat lid forms, and the feed inlet is connected with one end of the feed pipe, the other end of the feed pipe and the fermentation
Between side wall upper part be connected, the thermometer and the blender are both secured to fermentation vat and cover, and the thermometer and described
The working end of blender is stretched into the sweathouse, and the working end is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube runs through the fermentation vat
Lid is set；The discharge room is connected by pipeline with the sweathouse side wall；The insulating layer is wrapped in the sweathouse
Outside.
The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and pond body is by concrete
Construction forms；The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruits and vegetables, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wooden
Packaging material.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. multiple pathogenic microorganisms can be killed at the same time, plant pest and adventitious plant seed, the pathogenic microorganism
Including but not limited to salmonella, vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, the animals and plants pest and disease damage include but not limited to corn
As, Callosobruchus chinensis, saw-toothed grain beetle, nematode and its worm's ovum.Simple to operate, mild condition, can fully meet to immigration ship life
The inspection and quarantine requirement of offal treatment living.
2. build fermentation vat, the capacity of fermentation vat and place can be adjusted according to actual conditions, adaptation to local conditions,
Can application range it is wider, and fermentation vat construction cost is low, can continue to reuse after building up so that handled and entered a country with the method
The process of ship domestic refuse is more economically feasible.
3. avoiding using having toxicity or irritating agrochemical chemicals, pollution of the processing procedure to environment is small,
Processing safety higher.
4. can be in the multiple pathogenic microorganisms in killing ship domestic refuse of entering a country, plant pest and external plant
While species are sub-, discarded object is converted into the material that can be reused, that is, the fermentation residue produced after handling can conduct
The fertilizer of crops carries out regeneration, while the methane for generation of fermenting is even more a kind of utilizable clean energy resource.
Embodiment
Detailed description below can further illustrate the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.
Embodiment 1
Using the method for the present invention, killing effect experiment is carried out to plant pest.Mainly realized by following steps：
1. build fermentation vat；
2. taking the immigration ship domestic refuse, mechanical crushing is carried out, fermentation vat is poured into, to four points of fermentation vat volume
Three；
3. adding water into fermentation vat, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；
4. taking fermentation vat lid and being covered at fermentation vat mouth, fermentation process is carried out under sealing condition.
Further, the immigration ship domestic refuse is after the mechanical crushing in the step 2, and grain diameter is not
More than 10mm；The fermentation process temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C；The fermentation vat is by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, temperature
Spend meter, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and fermentation vat lid composition, one end phase of the feed inlet and the feed pipe
Connection, the other end of the feed pipe are connected with the sweathouse side wall upper part, and the thermometer and the blender are solid
Covered due to fermentation vat, and the working end of the thermometer and the blender is stretched into the sweathouse, the working end
It is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube is set through the fermentation vat lid；The discharge room passes through pipeline and the sweathouse side wall phase
Connection；The insulating layer is wrapped in the outside of the sweathouse；The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, ellipse
Cylinder or cuboid, pond body are formed by concrete construction；The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruit and vegetable
Dish, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Since the number of variations after the original number of the plant pest in immigration ship domestic refuse and processing is difficult
Statistics, therefore a certain number of three kinds of common stored grain insects, i.e. sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis and the adult of saw-toothed grain beetle and ovum are taken, carry out
Experiment.
Every kind of pest is divided into 2 groups, often forms worm 20,20, ovum, there are 6 groups.Each one group of every kind of pest is taken, uses calico
Bao Yan, after weight, is put into processing 10 days in fermentation vat, every other day calico is stirred once.Separately take every kind of pest
Each one group as a control group, and the adult pest of control group and ovum are pressed to organize and use calico Bao Yan, in drier disposed within, keeps phase
To humidity 60%~90%.Experiment is repeated twice by more than.
After 10 days, the experimental group by fermentation vat processing and the control group without fermentation vat processing are taken out, take whole evils
Worm adult is dissecting Microscopic observation, judges the death condition of adult pest；Meanwhile the worm's ovum in two groups is put into togerther and is set as
In 25 DEG C of insulating box, place 20 days, observe its hatching situation.
After statistics, experimental group and control group pest and worm's ovum experience table are obtained, as shown in table 1.
1 experimental group of table and control group pest and worm's ovum experience table
As can be seen that fermentation vat processing in 10 days can all kill sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensis and the adult of saw-toothed grain beetle and larva
Extremely.
Embodiment 2
Using the method for the present invention, killing effect experiment is carried out to nematode.Mainly realized by following steps：
1. build fermentation vat；
2. taking the immigration ship domestic refuse, mechanical crushing is carried out, fermentation vat is poured into, to four points of fermentation vat volume
Three；
3. adding water into fermentation vat, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；
4. taking fermentation vat lid and being covered at fermentation vat mouth, fermentation process is carried out under sealing condition.
Further, the immigration ship domestic refuse is after the mechanical crushing in the step 2, and grain diameter is not
More than 10mm；The fermentation process temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C；The fermentation vat is by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, temperature
Spend meter, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and fermentation vat lid composition, one end phase of the feed inlet and the feed pipe
Connection, the other end of the feed pipe are connected with the sweathouse side wall upper part, and the thermometer and the blender are solid
Covered due to fermentation vat, and the working end of the thermometer and the blender is stretched into the sweathouse, the working end
It is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube is set through the fermentation vat lid；The discharge room passes through pipeline and the sweathouse side wall phase
Connection；The insulating layer is wrapped in the outside of the sweathouse；The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, ellipse
Cylinder or cuboid, pond body are formed by concrete construction；The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruit and vegetable
Dish, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
Counted since the nematode population in immigration ship domestic refuse is more difficult, take and infected Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Black pine wooden unit is tested.
Take the black pine wooden unit for having infected Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to be divided into 3 groups, every group 30 pieces, take two groups of black pine wooden units as experimental group,
Immerse in fermentation vat, handled, every other day once stirred, after handling 15 days, one of which black pine wooden unit is taken out,
Nematode separation, microscopy are carried out, observes nematode survival condition.Remaining one group of black pine wooden unit continues to be positioned over processing in fermentation vat, directly
To after reaching 30 days total processing time, take out, carry out nematode separation, microscopy, observe nematode survival condition.By the 3rd group of black pine wood
Block as a control group, is placed it in polybag, keeps relative humidity 90% or so, after placing 30 days, carry out nematode separation,
Microscopy, observes nematode survival condition.Nemic death rate is worth by calculating without the quantity of worm wooden unit living and the ratio of wooden unit sum
Arrive.Experiment is repeated twice by more than.
After statistics, experimental group and control group nemic death rate statistical form are obtained, as shown in table 2.
2 experimental group of table and control group nemic death rate statistical form
| 15 days wooden unit proportions (%) without worm living of processing | 97.8 |
| 30 days wooden unit proportions (%) without worm living of processing | 100 |
| Wooden unit proportion (%) of the control group without worm living | 2.2 |
There is notable killing effect for nematode by can be seen that fermentation vat with control group contrast.Fermented by 15 days
Pond is handled, and the killing rate of nematode reaches 97.8%, is handled by 30 days fermentation vats, the killing rate of nematode reaches 100%.
Embodiment 3
Using the method for the present invention, killing effect experiment is carried out to vegetable seeds.Mainly realized by following steps：
1. build fermentation vat；
2. taking the immigration ship domestic refuse, mechanical crushing is carried out, fermentation vat is poured into, to four points of fermentation vat volume
Three；
3. adding water into fermentation vat, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；
4. take fermentation vat lid and be covered at fermentation vat mouth.
Further, the immigration ship domestic refuse is after the mechanical crushing in the step 2, and grain diameter is not
More than 10mm；The fermentation process temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C；The fermentation vat is by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, temperature
Spend meter, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and fermentation vat lid composition, one end phase of the feed inlet and the feed pipe
Connection, the other end of the feed pipe are connected with the sweathouse side wall upper part, the work of the thermometer and the blender
Stretched into as end in the sweathouse, and be fixed on fermentation vat and cover, the working end is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube is through described
Fermentation vat lid is set；The discharge room is connected by pipeline with the sweathouse side wall；The insulating layer is wrapped in the hair
Outside between ferment；The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and pond body is by coagulation
Civil engineering, which is set, to be formed；The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruits and vegetables, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood
Matter packaging material.
Due to the seed death condition after the original number of the vegetable seeds in immigration ship domestic refuse and processing very
Hardly possible statistics, therefore takes quantitative frequently seen plants seed, i.e., Siberian cocklebur, four seasons caraway, long Pu, carrot, long melon, Chinese cabbage, root-mustard,
Garlic and Broad Bean Seeds, are tested.
Each 40 of the seed of every kind of vegetables is taken, is equally divided into two groups.Each one group of the seed of every kind of plant is taken to be used as experimental group,
Calico Bao Yan is used respectively, after adding weight, is put into processing 30 days in fermentation vat, every other day calico is stirred once.Together
When, the vegetable seeds of control group is used calico Bao Yan by group, is put in interior by the seed for taking remaining every kind of plant as a control group.
Experiment is repeated twice by more than.
Vegetable seeds after processing is taken out, is placed in husky basin and plants, observe its germination, not germinate for death,
Calculate its death rate；The vegetable seeds of control group is planted in the same way, calculates its death rate.
After statistics, experimental group and control group plants seed mortality statistical form are obtained, as shown in table 3.
3 experimental group of table and control group plants seed mortality statistical form
| The experimental group death rate (%) | The control group death rate (%) |
| Siberian cocklebur | 100 | 61.7 |
| Four seasons caraway | 100 | 23.3 |
| Long Pu | 100 | 43.4 |
| Carrot | 100 | 11.7 |
| Long melon | 100 | 55.0 |
| Chinese cabbage | 100 | 46.7 |
| Root-mustard | 100 | 15.0 |
| Garlic | 100 | 0.0 |
| Broad bean | 100 | 1.7 |
By 30 days fermentation process, all equal deads of vegetable seeds it can be seen from above statistics.It can be seen that
Fermentation vat can effectively inactivate the vegetable seeds in domestic refuse.
Embodiment 4
Using the method for the present invention, killing effect experiment is carried out to multiple pathogens.Mainly realized by following steps：
1. build the fermentation tank 4 that volume is 20L；
2. taking the immigration ship domestic refuse, mechanical crushing is carried out, makes the immigration ship domestic waste composition granule
Particle diameter is not more than 10mm, and crushed material is poured into fermentation tank, respectively to 3/4ths of each fermenter volume, i.e. 15L；
3. adding water into fermentation tank, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；
4. take fermentation cover and be covered at fermentation tank mouth.
Further, the immigration ship domestic refuse is after the mechanical crushing in the step 2, and grain diameter is not
More than 10mm；The fermentation process temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C；The fermentation vat is by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, temperature
Spend meter, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and fermentation vat lid composition, one end phase of the feed inlet and the feed pipe
Connection, the other end of the feed pipe are connected with the sweathouse side wall upper part, the work of the thermometer and the blender
Stretched into as end in the sweathouse, and be fixed on fermentation vat and cover, the working end is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube is through described
Fermentation vat lid is set；The discharge room is connected by pipeline with the sweathouse side wall；The insulating layer is wrapped in the hair
Outside between ferment；The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and pond body is by coagulation
Civil engineering, which is set, to be formed；The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruits and vegetables, beans, the discarded part of flowers and wood
Matter packaging material.
Common causative, i.e. vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Mei Geyi are inoculated with into fermentation tank
The fixed period, observes bacterium colony concentration, to determine killing effect of the fermentation process to pathogen.
It it is No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 by 4 fermentation tank number consecutivelies.Vibrio parahaemolytious is inoculated with into No. 1 fermentation tank, to 2
Inoculation staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli are inoculated with into No. 3 fermentation tanks in number fermentation tank, into No. 4 fermentation tanks more than inoculation
The mixture of three kinds of pathogen so that initial bacterium colony concentration is 1.0E+04CFU/ml in No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 fermentation tank.
At the same time, the domestic refuse after crushing and stirred evenly is taken, is divided into four parts, every part of volume is 15L, is placed on nature ring
Under border, the mixing of vibrio parahaemolytious, staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and three kinds of pathogen is also inoculated with respectively thereto
Thing, it is 1.0E+04CFU/ml to make each bacterium colony initial concentration.
Respectively by 1h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h, 144h to each fermentation tank and control sample after inoculation
Sampled, and carry out VITEK identifications and examine, obtained bacterium colony concentration and change with time relation.Three of independent inoculating strain
Bacterium colony concentration is as shown in table 4 in bacterium colony concentration and corresponding control group in fermentation tank, mixes three kinds of strain sample process effect such as tables 5
It is shown.
4 single bacterium kind sample process effect of table
Table 5 mixes three kinds of strain sample process effects
The whether situation in the case of independent inoculation or in bacterial strain combined inoculation it can be seen from table 4 and table 5
Under, by 144 it is small when, in control group in its natural state, cause of disease bulk concentration does not have obvious increase and decrease, and in fermentation tank
In, by 144 it is small when fermentation process, all three cause of disease bulk concentrations reach and do not detect (<10) degree.It can be seen that fermentation tank pair
Multiple pathogens in domestic refuse have good killing effect.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method for handling frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse, it is characterised in that using fermentation method to existing Killed in pathogenic microorganism, animals and plants pest and disease damage and the adventitious plant seed in frontier port immigration ship domestic refuse Go out, the described method comprises the following steps：(1) fermentation vat is built；(2) the immigration ship domestic refuse is taken, carries out mechanical crushing, pours into fermentation vat, pouring volume is fermentation vat volume 3/4ths；(3) water is added into fermentation vat, stirring, the domestic refuse after being crushed in pond is uniformly mixed；(4) take fermentation vat lid and be covered at fermentation vat mouth, fermentation process, the fermentation process are carried out under sealing condition Temperature be maintained at 20 DEG C -35 DEG C.
- 2. the method for immigration ship domestic refuse in processing frontier port according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described In step (2) after mechanical crushing, the immigration ship domestic refuse grain diameter is not more than 10mm.
- 3. the method for immigration ship domestic refuse in processing frontier port according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that The fermentation vat is by feed inlet, feed pipe, sweathouse, thermometer, blender, gas-guide tube, discharge room, insulating layer and fermentation vat lid Composition；The feed inlet is connected with one end of the feed pipe, the other end of the feed pipe and the sweathouse side wall upper part It is connected, the thermometer and the blender are both secured to fermentation vat and cover, and the work of the thermometer and the blender Stretched into as end in the sweathouse, the working end is highly adjustable；The gas-guide tube is set through the fermentation vat lid；It is described go out It is connected between material by pipeline with the sweathouse side wall；The insulating layer is wrapped in the outside of the sweathouse.
- 4. the method for immigration ship domestic refuse in processing frontier port according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that The pond body of the fermentation vat is spherical, elliposoidal, cylinder, elliptical cylinder-shape or cuboid, and the pond body is by concrete construction Form.
- 5. the method for immigration ship domestic refuse in processing frontier port according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that The immigration ship domestic refuse includes grain, water fruits and vegetables, the discarded part of flowers and wood package materials.
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| CN104402541B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-04-05 | 杨长煌 | A kind of technique of house refuse fast activating fertilizer |
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Inventor after: Huang Lei Inventor after: Chen Yan Inventor after: Wu Gang Inventor after: Wang Gang Inventor before: Huang Lei |
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Effective date of registration: 20191127 Address after: 316000 No. 222 country road, Dinghai, Zhejiang, Zhoushan Patentee after: Zhoushan customs comprehensive technical service center Address before: 316000 555 Seaview Road, Lincheng street, Dinghai District, Zhejiang, Zhoushan Patentee before: The People's Republic of China Zhoushan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau |