CN105237050A - Bio-fertilizer for flowers and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bio-fertilizer for flowers and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105237050A CN105237050A CN201510551334.2A CN201510551334A CN105237050A CN 105237050 A CN105237050 A CN 105237050A CN 201510551334 A CN201510551334 A CN 201510551334A CN 105237050 A CN105237050 A CN 105237050A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bio-fertilizer for flowers and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method includes the following steps: 1) performing sun exposure to animal excrements and stacking the excrements into piles, spreading a water solution of an EM bacterial liquid on the piles to ferment the excrements to prepare a feed for earthworms; 2) selecting a field; 3) in the field selected in the step 2), placing the feed prepared in the step 1) into an earthworm bed as a nutrient layer; 4) removing a heat-preservation and breathable layer, placing living earthworms in the nutrient layer, and breeding the earthworms at 20-30 DEG C under the humidity of 70-80% and under the pH of 6.5-7.5, wherein the earthworms produce excrements between the nutrient layer and the heat-preservation and breathable layer; 5) collecting the earthworm excrements every other 8-10 days, after the earthworm excrements are collected, adding the feed in the step 1) on the nutrient layer according to the equal weight of the earthworm excrements, thereby cyclically collecting the earthworm excrements; 6) air-drying the earthworm excrements to reduce the water content to not more than 10%; and 7) sieving, packaging and seal-storing the air-dried earthworm excrements. The preparation method is simple, is low in cost, achieves recycle usage and is free of composition of multiple raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer preparing technical field, particularly relate to a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer and preparation method.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, condition is greatly improved at home, no matter be stay at home or office space, a lot of people likes kind of some flowers and plants, particularly the elderly of retirement likes especially, plant flower brings life enjoyment to a lot of people, the life of people is obtained and enriches further.The nutrient of fertilizer supply flowers and plants, play an important role in kind of a flower grows flower process, particularly the bio-fertilizer of high-quality is more and more subject to the favor of people.
At present, conventional organic fertilizer is normally using the ight soil of humans and animals and waste as raw material, such as: human excrement, domestic animal hoof tips, fish-bone, barnyard manure, river silt, green manure, rotten plant and animal residues etc., above-mentioned raw materials is prepared into fertilizer by simple compost fermentation.At present, mainly there is following shortcoming in existing fertilizer: 1) due to raw material sources more complicated, and the quality of the fertilizer of preparation is unstable, and user in use consumption not easily grasps; 2) be especially that raw material carries out the fertilizer that fermentation obtains and has niff with ight soil; 3) easily there is the phenomenon of burning root; 4) quality guaranteed period is short, is not easy to preserve; 5) breeding of pathogenic micro-organism and parasitic ovum is easily caused.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof, by live body earthworm, the animal excrement after becoming thoroughly decomposed changed into bio-fertilizer, and through air-dry, sieve, become a kind of even, tiny particulate material, there is after packaging very high commodity value.This bio-fertilizer is clean, sanitary, odorless, is suitable for very much in office, family room or garden is grown flower kind of a grass, and have the advantages such as ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer efficiency are long, significantly can promote growth and the growth of flowers and plants, be the optimal bio-fertilizer of kind of grass of growing flower.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
A preparation method for flowers bio-fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1) be piled into dunghill after animal excrement being exposed to the sun, on dunghill, spill the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid, make dunghill water content remain between 60%-70%, spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is the feed that chocolate state becomes earthworm;
2) select that ventilation condition is good, the place of temperature-controllable is as the place of cultivation;
3) in step 2) in the place selected, using step 1) feed prepared puts into earthworm bed as nutritive layer, trickle on nutritive layer, the water content making described nutritive layer is 70%-80%, covering and heat insulating air-permeable layer on nutritive layer;
4) open heat-preservation ventilating layer, the ratio being 8: 1 to 10: 1 according to the feed of nutritive layer and live body earthworm mass ratio throws in live body earthworm, after live body earthworm all creeps into nutritive layer, covers heat-preservation ventilating layer; Keep the temperature of earthworm bed between 20 DEG C-30 DEG C, humidity is between 70%-80%, and potential of hydrogen, between 6.5-7.5, cultivates, and live body earthworm produces earthworm excrement between nutritive layer and heat-preservation ventilating layer;
5) every 8-10 days, earthworm excrement is collected; After collecting earthworm excrement, add and the step 1 of earthworm excrement identical weight on nutritive layer) feed prepared; Thus carry out circulating collection earthworm excrement;
6) by step 5) the earthworm excrement collected is air-dry, makes water content be no more than 10%;
7) by step 6) air-dry earthworm excrement sieves, packs, seals preservation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the preparation method preparation method of flowers bio-fertilizer of the present invention is simple, cost is low, reusable edible, the advantage that do not need plurality of raw materials composite etc.Concrete manifestation is in the following areas:
(1) biological preparation method step of the present invention is reasonable, easy to operate; First animal excrement are fermented together with EM bacterium liquid, the peculiar smell of removing animal excrement on the one hand, the content of another aspect raising nutritive substance and utilization ratio are convenient to live body earthworm and are utilized; Secondly, utilize live body earthworm that the animal excrement after becoming thoroughly decomposed are changed into bio-fertilizer, improve the content of the nutritive substance in animal excrement further, be convenient to plant absorption and utilization; Finally, circulation and stress through the step such as air-dry, to sieve, making becomes even, tiny particulate material, has very high commodity value after packaging.
(2) in the process that the present invention is fermented in animal excrement, strictly control fermentation condition, especially water content control is between 60%-70%, avoids the improper breeding that have impact on live body earthworm because of condition on the one hand; On the other hand, avoid as far as possible because the fluctuation of condition is on the impact of the quality of bio-fertilizer.
(3) in the process that the present invention breeds live body earthworm, strictly control the condition of earthworm bed, such as, temperature is 20 DEG C-30 DEG C, humidity is 70%-80%, potential of hydrogen is 6.5-7.5, ensure the condition such as optimum temps, humidity, potential of hydrogen of live body earthworm growth and breeding, be conducive to the Fast-propagation of live body earthworm.
(4), in the process that the present invention breeds live body earthworm, also have selected suitable input ratio, namely feed and live body earthworm are thrown according to the ratio that mass ratio is 8: 1 to 10: 1; On the one hand, ensure that the rational cultivation density of earthworm; On the other hand, earthworm excrement transformation efficiency is made to reach maximization.
(5) the present invention is by collecting earthworm excrement every 8-10 days, adds feed simultaneously, reaches the object of recycle, and once throwing in can repeatedly output, significantly improves production efficiency.
(6) the present invention only need add composite without the need to other plurality of raw materials of EM bacterium liquid in the process of manure fermentation, has reducing costs, reduces the advantages such as operation.
The bio-fertilizer prepared by preparation method of the present invention is clean, sanitary, odorless, long quality-guarantee period, easy to use, do not burn root, without pathogenic microorganism etc., be suitable for very much in office, family room or garden is grown flower kind of a grass, there is the advantages such as ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer efficiency are long, significantly can promote growth and the growth of flowers, be the optimal bio-fertilizer of kind of grass of growing flower.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, step 1) in, described in time of being exposed to the sun be 6-8 hour.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: fully to kill the pathogenic micro-organism in ight soil and parasitic ovum.
Further, step 1) in, in the aqueous solution of described EM bacterium liquid, the volume ratio of EM bacterium liquid and water is 1: 9.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: by adding the aqueous solution of the EM bacterium liquid of proper ratio, on the one hand, to make dunghill water content remain between 60%-70%, for manure fermentation provides optimum moisture content; On the other hand, significantly improve the content of easy the to be absorbed nutritive substance of the product after fermentation, shorten the time of manure fermentation simultaneously.
Further, step 2) in, described place is indoor, and window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, and room temp remains between 15 DEG C-28 DEG C, and relative humidity remains between 40%-50%, is provided with Heating system and exhaust fan.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: the breeding for live body earthworm provides best envrionment conditions.
Further, step 3) in, described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, and wide is 80cm-120cm, and height is 15cm-25cm, and length is not limit; Described heat-preservation ventilating layer is straw layer, and the thickness of described straw layer is 3cm-5cm.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: shape and the specification of earthworm bed of the present invention can suitably adjust, preferably, adopt the earthworm bed of above-mentioned parameter and shape, its width and highly suitable, be convenient to manual operation; Select the straw layer of 3cm-5cm, there is good heat retaining property and ventilation property.
Further, step 4) in, the kind of described live body earthworm is large flat No. 2 of Japan, and single body weight is 0.3g-0.6g.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be: to have the advantages such as breeding potential is high, strong adaptability, easily cultivation.
Further, step 4) in, adopt a point dot pattern to throw in, each input 50-100 gram of live body earthworm.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: by aforesaid method, can more equably live body earthworm be thrown in earthworm bed, avoid live body earthworm and concentrate on very much certain and a bit affect reproduction speed.
Further, step 5) in, the method for collecting earthworm excrement is: during collection, the heat-preservation ventilating layer above earthworm bed is moved on to, make the upper surface of earthworm bed fully out exposed, treat that earthworm creeps into nutritive layer completely, with scraper plate, the wormcast on earthworm bed surface is scraped on ground afterwards, bagging and weighing.
Further, step 7) in, be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be: make the bio-fertilizer particle that obtains tiny, even, be convenient to use.
The present invention also provides a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer utilizing aforesaid method to prepare.
The beneficial effect of employing such scheme is: bio-fertilizer of the present invention, is made up of wormcast, in irregular particle type, there is gap between particle and particle, has the feature of good permeability; Also there is clean, sanitary, odorless, be suitable for very much in office, family room or garden is grown flower kind of a grass, there is the features such as ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer efficiency are long, significantly can promote growth and the growth of flowers, being suitable for each kind of plant, is the optimal bio-fertilizer of kind of grass of growing flower.
Water content of the present invention refers to the weight of moisture and the ratio of gross weight.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
One, the fermentation of ight soil
1, animal excrement are spread out the 6-8 hour that to be exposed to the sun under the sun, fully kill the pathogenic micro-organism in ight soil and parasitic ovum; Described animal excrement can be the ight soil of pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement or other animals.
2, the ight soil shone is piled up in heaps, the height of dunghill is 0.8-1.2 rice, Bian Dui spills on limit the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid (in the aqueous solution of described EM bacterium liquid, the volume ratio of EM bacterium liquid and water is 1: 9, described EM bacterium liquid is the universal EM stoste that sky, Guangzhou hundred million biotechnology development corporation, Ltd. produces), make dunghill water content (the optimum moisture content for manure fermentation) between 60%-70%, then plastics film is covered by its spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is the feed that chocolate state becomes earthworm.
Two, the selection in place
Selection indoor are carried out, and require that room ventilated condition is good, the summer can prevent heatstroke and lower the temperature, and the winter can warming.Design parameter is: window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, and room temp can remain on 15 DEG C-28 DEG C, relative humidity 40%-50%, has Heating system and Powerful exhaust fan.
Three, the preparation (being all indoor afterwards) of earthworm bed
Using the nutritive layer as earthworm bed on the ground being layered on the place that above-mentioned steps is selected after the feed that the fermentation of ight soil obtains afterwards is weighed; Described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, the wide 80cm-120cm of being (being preferably 100cm), the high 15cm-25cm of being (being preferably 20cm), length are not limit, nutritive layer spoons water, makes the water content of nutritive layer (be preferably 75%, mass ratio) between 70%-80%; The straw being covered as 3cm-5cm thick on nutritive layer is stand-by.
Four, the input of live body earthworm
1, earthworm kind: Japan large flat No. 2 (purchased from Lengshuitan coral township, Yongzhou City, Hubei Province great Fu village He Fanglin raiser), single body weight 0.3g-0.6g, fecundity is better.
2, ratio is thrown in: throw according to feed and live body earthworm mass ratio 8: 1 to 10: 1.
3, put-on method: the straw on earthworm bed is opened, then point-like (each point throws in the live body earthworm of 50-100 gram) is divided, more equably earthworm can be thrown in earthworm bed like this, be unlikely to allow earthworm concentrate on very much certain a bit, earthworm is placed on the surface of nutritive layer, treats that it all to creep in nutritive layer straw on bonnet and to shelter from heat or light moisturizing.
Five, the control of the condition such as temperature and humidity
1, temperature: earthworm bed tempertaure remains on (be conducive to growing of live body earthworm under this temperature condition, optimum temperature is 25 DEG C) between 20 DEG C-30 DEG C.If earthworm bed tempertaure is too low, thicken straw; If earthworm high bed temperature, reduce straw, and stronger ventilation ventilation.
2, humidity: earthworm bed humidity remains between 70%-80% and (is conducive to growing of live body earthworm under this humidity condition).If humidity is too low, suitable spills some water; If humidity is too high, the feed of earthworm bed is spread out.
3, potential of hydrogen: the potential of hydrogen of earthworm bed nutritive layer remains between 6.5-7.5, best potential of hydrogen is 7, because live body earthworm likes life and perch hereinto in property environment.
Six, the collection of earthworm excrement
Throw in earthworm after 8-10 days, earthworm excrement can be collected; The ight soil of live body earthworm is the surface coming nutritive layer, can see that the surface of nutritive layer forms loose, even, tiny granular substance, i.e. earthworm excrement;
In earthworm bed, be followed successively by straw layer, earthworm excrement layer and nutritive layer from top to bottom; Nutritive layer is now also not by feed layer that live body earthworm searches for food.
During collection, the straw above earthworm bed is moved on to, make earthworm bed fully out exposed, creep into completely after nutritive layer until earthworm and with scraper plate, earthworm excrement is scraped on ground, bagging and weighing; On earthworm bed, add the feed with earthworm excrement identical weight simultaneously.Every 8-10 days repeats once, circulating collection earthworm excrement.
Seven, air-dry
By the wormcast stand of collecting on the ground, allow its natural air drying, the earthworm excrement moisture content after air-dry is no more than 10% (air-dry to constant weight), is conducive to long preservation after air-dry.
Eight, sieve
Be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture, the earthworm excrement after sieving is high-grade high-quality flowers bio-fertilizer.
Nine, pack
1. packaging means: mould dress.
2. self-sealing plastic bag specification: 140mm × 200mm.
3. pack: the earthworm excrement air-dry rear moisture content being no more than 10% loads in valve bag, and every bag of net weight >=250g, preserves under air-proof condition.
In embodiment 1-3, described EM bacterium liquid is the universal EM stoste of producing purchased from sky, Guangzhou hundred million biotechnology development corporation, Ltd., and in the aqueous solution of described EM bacterium liquid, the volume ratio of EM bacterium liquid and water is 1: 9; Described Japan puts down greatly No. 2 all purchased from Lengshuitan coral township, Yongzhou City, Hubei Province great Fu village He Fanglin raiser.
Embodiment 1
One, the fermentation of ight soil
1, animal excrement are spread out be exposed to the sun 7 hours under the sun, fully kill the pathogenic micro-organism in ight soil and parasitic ovum.
2, the ight soil shone is piled up in heaps, the height of dunghill is 1 meter, and Bian Dui spills on limit the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid, makes dunghill water content between 65%, then covers plastics film by its spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is the feed that chocolate state becomes earthworm.
Two, the selection in place
Selection indoor are carried out, and require that room ventilated condition is good, the summer can prevent heatstroke and lower the temperature, and the winter can warming.Design parameter is: window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, and room temp can remain on 20 DEG C, and relative humidity 45% has Heating system and Powerful exhaust fan.
Three, the preparation (being all in indoor afterwards) of earthworm bed
Using the nutritive layer as earthworm bed on the ground being layered on the place that above-mentioned steps is selected after feed is weighed, it is also the feed of live body earthworm; Described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, wide be 100cm, high for 20cm, long be 1000cm, nutritive layer spoons water, makes the water content of nutritive layer be 75% (mass ratio); The straw being covered as 4cm thick on nutritive layer is stand-by.
Four, the input of live body earthworm
1, earthworm kind: large flat No. 2 of Japan, single body weight 0.3g-0.6g, fecundity is better.
2, ratio is thrown in: throw according to the mass ratio 9: 1 of feed and live body earthworm.
3, put-on method: the straw on earthworm bed is opened, then divides point-like (the live body earthworm of each some input 80 grams), earthworm is placed on the surface of nutritive layer, treats that it all to creep in nutritive layer straw on bonnet and to shelter from heat or light moisturizing.
Five, the control of the condition such as temperature and humidity
1, temperature: earthworm bed tempertaure remains between 25 DEG C, if earthworm bed tempertaure is too low, thickeies straw; If earthworm high bed temperature, reduce straw, and stronger ventilation ventilation.
2, humidity: earthworm bed humidity remains on 75%, if humidity is too low, suitable spills some water; If humidity is too high, the ight soil fermented of earthworm bed is spread out.
3, potential of hydrogen: the potential of hydrogen of earthworm bed nutritive layer is 7.
Six, the collection of earthworm excrement
Throw in live body earthworm after 9 days, earthworm excrement can be collected; Earthworm excrement is come the surface of nutritive layer by live body earthworm, is loose, even, tiny granular substance.
In earthworm bed, be followed successively by straw layer, earthworm excrement layer and nutritive layer from top to bottom; Nutritive layer is now also not by feed layer that live body earthworm searches for food.
During collection, the straw above earthworm bed is moved on to, make earthworm bed fully out exposed, creep into completely after nutritive layer until earthworm and with scraper plate, earthworm excrement is scraped on ground, bagging and weighing; On earthworm bed, add the feed with earthworm excrement identical weight simultaneously.Every 9 days repeat once, i.e. repeated collection earthworm excrement and add the processes such as the ight soil that ferments.
Seven, air-dry
The wormcast collected is spread out on the ground, allows its natural air drying (air-dry to constant weight), the earthworm excrement moisture content after air-dry be no more than 10% (arriving constant weight lower than this value earthworm excrement), after air-dry, be conducive to long preservation.
Eight, sieve
Be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture, the earthworm excrement after sieving is high-grade high-quality flowers bio-fertilizer.
Nine, pack
1. packaging means: mould dress.
2. self-sealing plastic bag specification: 140mm × 200mm.
3. pack: the earthworm excrement air-dry rear moisture content being no more than 10% loads in valve bag, and every bag of net weight >=250g, preserves under air-proof condition.
Embodiment 2
One, the fermentation of ight soil
1, animal excrement are spread out be exposed to the sun 6 hours under the sun, fully kill the pathogenic micro-organism in ight soil and parasitic ovum.
2, the ight soil shone is piled up in heaps, the height of dunghill is 0.8 meter, and Bian Dui spills on limit the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid, makes dunghill water content be 60%, then covers plastics film by its spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is chocolate state.
Two, the selection in place
Selection indoor are carried out, and require that room ventilated condition is good, the summer can prevent heatstroke and lower the temperature, and the winter can warming.Design parameter is: window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, and room temp can remain on 15 DEG C, and relative humidity 40% has Heating system and Powerful exhaust fan.
Three, the preparation (being all in indoor afterwards) of earthworm bed
Using the nutritive layer as earthworm bed on the ground being layered on the place that above-mentioned steps is selected after the ight soil fermented is weighed, it is also the feed of live body earthworm; Described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, wide be 80cm, high for 20cm, long be 1000cm, nutritive layer spoons water, makes the water content of nutritive layer be 70% (mass ratio); The straw being covered as 3cm thick on nutritive layer is stand-by.
Four, the input of live body earthworm
1, earthworm kind: large flat No. 2 of Japan, single body weight 0.3g-0.6g, fecundity is better.
2, ratio is thrown in: throw according to the mass ratio 8: 1 of feed and live body earthworm.
3, put-on method: the straw on earthworm bed is opened, then divides point-like (the live body earthworm of each some input 50 grams), earthworm is placed on the surface of nutritive layer, treats that it all to creep in nutritive layer straw on bonnet and to shelter from heat or light moisturizing.
Five, the control of the condition such as temperature and humidity
1, temperature: earthworm bed tempertaure remains on 20 DEG C, if earthworm bed tempertaure is too low, thickeies straw; If earthworm high bed temperature, reduce straw, and stronger ventilation ventilation.
2, humidity: earthworm bed humidity remains on 70%, if humidity is too low, suitable spills some water; If humidity is too high, the feed of earthworm bed is spread out.
3, potential of hydrogen: the potential of hydrogen of earthworm bed nutritive layer remains on 6.5.
Six, the collection of earthworm excrement
Throw in live body earthworm after 8 days, earthworm excrement can be collected; Earthworm excrement is come the surface of nutritive layer by live body earthworm, is loose, even, tiny granular substance.
In earthworm bed, be followed successively by straw layer, earthworm excrement layer and nutritive layer from top to bottom; Nutritive layer is now also not by feed layer that live body earthworm searches for food.
During collection, the straw above earthworm bed is moved on to, make earthworm bed fully out exposed, creep into completely after nutritive layer until earthworm and with scraper plate, earthworm excrement is scraped on ground, bagging and weighing; Add and earthworm excrement identical weight feed on earthworm bed simultaneously.Every 8 days repeat once, the ight soil that circulating collection earthworm excrement and interpolation ferment.
Seven, air-dry
The wormcast collected is spread out on the ground, allows its natural air drying (air-dry to constant weight), the earthworm excrement moisture content after air-dry be no more than 10% (arriving constant weight lower than this value earthworm excrement), after air-dry, be conducive to long preservation.
Eight, sieve
Be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture, the earthworm excrement after sieving is high-grade high-quality flowers bio-fertilizer.
Nine, pack
1. packaging means: mould dress.
2. self-sealing plastic bag specification: 140mm × 200mm.
3. pack: the earthworm excrement air-dry rear moisture content being no more than 10% loads in valve bag, and every bag of net weight >=250g, preserves under air-proof condition.
Embodiment 3
One, the fermentation of ight soil
1, animal excrement are spread out be exposed to the sun 8 hours under the sun, fully kill the pathogenic micro-organism in ight soil and parasitic ovum.
2, the ight soil shone is piled up in heaps, the height of dunghill is 1.2 meters, and Bian Dui spills on limit the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid, makes dunghill water content 70%, then covers plastics film by its spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is the feed that chocolate state becomes earthworm.
Two, the selection in place
Selection indoor are carried out, and require that room ventilated condition is good, the summer can prevent heatstroke and lower the temperature, and the winter can warming.Design parameter is: window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, and room temp can remain on 28 DEG C, and relative humidity is 50%, has Heating system and Powerful exhaust fan.
Three, the preparation (process is afterwards all in indoor) of earthworm bed
Using the nutritive layer as earthworm bed on the ground being layered on the place that above-mentioned steps is selected after feed is weighed; Described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, wide be 120cm, high for 25cm, long be 1000cm, nutritive layer spoons water, makes the water content of nutritive layer be 80% (mass ratio); The straw being covered as 5cm thick on nutritive layer is stand-by.
Four, the input of live body earthworm
1, earthworm kind: large flat No. 2 of Japan, single body weight 0.3g-0.6g, fecundity is better.
2, ratio is thrown in: throwing according to mass ratio 10: 1 of the ight soil fermented and live body earthworm.
3, put-on method: the straw on earthworm bed is opened, then divides point-like (the live body earthworm of each some input 100 grams), earthworm is placed on the surface of nutritive layer, treats that it all to creep in nutritive layer straw on bonnet and to shelter from heat or light moisturizing.
Five, the control of the condition such as temperature and humidity
1, temperature: earthworm bed tempertaure remains on 30 DEG C, if earthworm bed tempertaure is too low, thickeies straw; If earthworm high bed temperature, reduce straw, and stronger ventilation ventilation.
2, humidity: earthworm bed humidity remains on 80%, if humidity is too low, suitable spills some water; If humidity is too high, the ight soil fermented of earthworm bed is spread out.
3, potential of hydrogen: the potential of hydrogen of earthworm bed nutritive layer remains between 7.5.
Six, the collection of earthworm excrement
Throw in live body earthworm after 10 days, earthworm excrement can be collected; Earthworm excrement is come the surface of nutritive layer by live body earthworm, is loose, even, tiny granular substance.
In earthworm bed, be followed successively by straw layer, earthworm excrement layer and nutritive layer from top to bottom; Nutritive layer is now also not by feed layer that live body earthworm searches for food.
During collection, the straw above earthworm bed is moved on to, make earthworm bed fully out exposed, creep into completely after nutritive layer until earthworm and with scraper plate, earthworm excrement is scraped on ground, bagging and weighing; On earthworm bed, add the feed with earthworm excrement identical weight simultaneously.Every 10 days repeat once, circulating collection earthworm excrement.
Seven, air-dry
The wormcast collected is spread out on the ground, allows its natural air drying (air-dry to constant weight), the earthworm excrement moisture content after air-dry be no more than 10% (arriving constant weight lower than this value earthworm excrement), after air-dry, be conducive to long preservation.
Eight, sieve
Be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture, the earthworm excrement after sieving is top grade flower bio-fertilizer.
Nine, pack
1. packaging means: mould dress.
2. self-sealing plastic bag specification: 140mm × 200mm.
3. pack: the earthworm excrement air-dry rear moisture content being no more than 10% loads in valve bag, and every bag of net weight >=250g, preserves under air-proof condition.
Contrast experiment's example:
The comparing result of flowers bio-fertilizer of the present invention and common fertilizer for flower of the prior art is as shown in table 1.
Wherein flowers bio-fertilizer is prepared for utilizing the method described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to embodiment 3.
Common fertilizer for flower of the prior art is obtained by fermented livestock ight soil.Method generally to use at present: feces of livestock and poultry, plant ash, stalk etc. are mixed homogeneous reactor heating fermentation together, becomes thoroughly decomposed through the time of 1-3 month, the common fertilizer for flower that namely obtained family is conventional.
The contrast of table 1 flowers of the present invention bio-fertilizer and common fertilizer for flower of the prior art
Using method and effect thereof
Bio-fertilizer of the present invention both can as the base fertilizer of flowers and plants, also can topdressing as flowers and plants, and consumption is the amount doesn't matter, determines according to flowers and plants situation, and fertilising thickness is generally 10cm-20cm, and some flowers and plants 100% can use this fertilizer, without the need to earth.Execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Do not have anything to scruple during fertilising, can use, also can use away from flowers and plants root near flowers and plants root, annual fertilising once.
Example 1:
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to Premna microphylla Turez, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 10cm, near root fertilising, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, the yellow leaf of Premna microphylla Turez, in the week after fertilising, finds that the blade of Premna microphylla Turez is dark green.
Example 2
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to bracketplant, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 20cm, apply fertilizer away from root, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, bracketplant to lead rattan few; After fertilising, the rattan of leading of bracketplant doubles.
Example 3
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 2 to epipremnum aureum, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 13cm, near root fertilising, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, blade is little and strain is short; After fertilising, the large and plant height of blade.
Example 4
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 to Yellow Palm, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 15cm, apply fertilizer away from root, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, Yellow Palm right send out the slow branches and leaves of branch few; After fertilising, send out the fast branches and leaves of branch many.
Example 5
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 to kafir lily, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 18cm, apply fertilizer away from root, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, the blade of kafir lily is 12, and after fertilising, the blade of kafir lily is 20.
Example 6
The bio-fertilizer utilizing the embodiment of the present invention 2 to prepare applies fertilizer to asparagus fern, and the growing state before and after record fertilising: this asparagus fern only executes bio-fertilizer 1 time prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 in 1 year, fertilizer thickness is 10cm, summer 15, talent watered 1 water, asparagus fern looks luxuriant, plant height more than about 1 meter, is also constantly sending out branch and is continuing to grow tall.Its water conservation of these data declarations, ventilative and fertilizer efficiency is all good.
Example 7
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to camellia, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 20cm, near root fertilising, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, the florescence of camellia is 6 months, after fertilising, and the florescence of camellia is 8 months.
Example 8
Use the bio-fertilizer described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to chrysanthemum, annual fertilising bio-fertilizer of the present invention 1 time, fertilising thickness is 10cm, apply fertilizer away from root, execute fertilizer slowly fertilizer to be drenched water afterwards, allowed air-dry fertilizer fully absorb moisture, till fertilizer water saturation.Before fertilising, the florescence of chrysanthemum is 20 days, after fertilising, and the florescence of chrysanthemum is 30 days.
Advantages such as by above-mentioned example, having absolutely proved, bio-fertilizer prepared by the present invention, had good permeability, clean, sanitary, odorless, water conservation, fertilizer efficiency are long, easy to use, applicable plant is wide, significantly can promote growth and the growth of flowers.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for flowers bio-fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) be piled into dunghill after animal excrement being exposed to the sun, on dunghill, spill the aqueous solution of EM bacterium liquid, make dunghill water content remain between 60%-70%, spontaneous fermentation, until ight soil free from extraneous odour is the feed that chocolate state becomes earthworm;
2) select that ventilation condition is good, the place of temperature-controllable is as the place of cultivation;
3) in step 2) in the place selected, using step 1) feed of earthworm prepared puts into earthworm bed as nutritive layer, trickle on nutritive layer, the water content making described nutritive layer is 70%-80%, covering and heat insulating air-permeable layer on nutritive layer;
4) open heat-preservation ventilating layer, the ratio being 8: 1 to 10: 1 in the feed of nutritive layer and the mass ratio of live body earthworm throws in live body earthworm, after live body earthworm all creeps into nutritive layer, covers heat-preservation ventilating layer; Keep the temperature of earthworm bed between 20 DEG C-30 DEG C, humidity is between 70%-80%, and potential of hydrogen, between 6.5-7.5, cultivates, and live body earthworm produces earthworm excrement between nutritive layer and heat-preservation ventilating layer;
5) every 8-10 days, earthworm excrement is collected; After collecting earthworm excrement, add and the step 1 of earthworm excrement identical weight on nutritive layer) feed prepared; Thus carry out circulating collection earthworm excrement;
6) by step 5) the earthworm excrement collected is air-dry, makes water content be no more than 10%;
7) by step 6) air-dry earthworm excrement sieves, packs, seals preservation.
2. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) in, described in time of being exposed to the sun be 6-8 hour.
3. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) in, in the aqueous solution of described EM bacterium liquid, the volume ratio of EM bacterium liquid and water is 1: 9.
4. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) in, described place is indoor, window areas is no less than 2/3 of wall area, room temp remains between 15 DEG C-28 DEG C, and relative humidity remains between 40%-50%, is provided with Heating system and exhaust fan.
5. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, described earthworm bed is that railway carriage or compartment is block, and wide is 80cm-120cm, and height is 15cm-25cm; Described heat-preservation ventilating layer is straw layer, and the thickness of described straw layer is 3cm-5cm.
6. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, the kind of described live body earthworm is large flat No. 2 of Japan, and single body weight is 0.3g-0.6g.
7. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, adopt a point dot pattern to throw in, each input 50-100 gram of live body earthworm.
8. the preparation method of a kind of flowers bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) in, the method of collecting earthworm excrement is: during collection, the heat-preservation ventilating layer above earthworm bed is moved on to, make the upper surface of earthworm bed fully out exposed, treat that earthworm creeps into nutritive layer completely, with scraper plate, the wormcast on earthworm bed surface is scraped on ground afterwards, bagging and weighing.
9. a kind of preparation method of flowers bio-fertilizer according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, step 7) in, be the sieve of 1.5mm with aperture.
10. utilize flowers bio-fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the flowers bio-fertilizer described in any one of claim 1-9.
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